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LHCb Confirms Existence of Exotic Hadrons

An anonymous reader sends this news from CERN: "The Large Hadron Collider beauty (LHCb) collaboration today announced results that confirm the existence of exotic hadrons – a type of matter that cannot be classified within the traditional quark model. Hadrons are subatomic particles that can take part in the strong interaction – the force that binds protons inside the nuclei of atoms. Physicists have theorized since the 1960s, and ample experimental evidence since has confirmed, that hadrons are made up of quarks and antiquarks that determine their properties. A subset of hadrons, called mesons, is formed from quark-antiquark pairs, while the rest – baryons – are made up of three quarks. ... The Belle Collaboration reported the first evidence for the Z(4430) in 2008. They found a tantalizing peak in the mass distribution of particles that result from the decays of B mesons. Belle later confirmed the existence of the Z(4430) with a significance of 5.2 sigma on the scale that particle physicists use to describe the certainty of a result. LHCb reports a more detailed measurement of the Z(4430) that confirms that it is unambiguously a particle, and a long-sought exotic hadron at that. They analyzed more than 25,000 decays of B mesons selected from data from 180 trillion (180x10^12) proton-proton collisions in the Large Hadron Collider."

99 comments

  1. Who else misread the title as 'exotic hardons' ? by JoeyRox · · Score: 0, Offtopic

    Reminded me of when I was 18 and got one every day without thinking.

  2. From the beginning... by barlevg · · Score: 3, Insightful
  3. Exotic Hard Ons by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0, Offtopic

    Exotic hard ons can be found here.

    1. Re:Exotic Hard Ons by Overzeetop · · Score: 2

      Golf clap.

      --
      Is it just my observation, or are there way too many stupid people in the world?
  4. From this research will springforth by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    The "meson shear" weapon (for all practical intents & purposes, a disintegrator).

  5. Re:Who else misread the title as 'exotic hardons' by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Funny

    My Large Hardon Collided with your mom's pussy last night.

    She said it wasn't all that large.

  6. Re:Who else misread the title as 'exotic hardons' by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Not to *me* she didn't.

  7. strange by slashmydots · · Score: 1, Interesting

    If it's not made up of quarks, what evidence so they have that it actually is a Hadron at all? They just stated that the definition of a Hadron is a particle made up of quarks.

    1. Re:strange by iggymanz · · Score: 4, Informative

      it is believe to be made of quarks, but instead of the usual two or three it has four, c c_ d u_

      that means it has charge of negative one

    2. Re:strange by jtroy92 · · Score: 0

      They're probably still made of quarks. They just aren't baryons (three quarks) or mesons (quark/anti-quark pair).

    3. Re:strange by gman003 · · Score: 5, Informative

      It *is* made up of quarks - a charm quark, an anti-charm quark, down quark, and anti-up quark. The interesting thing is that this is a pairing never before seen - all previous hadrons were either two quarks (quark + antiquark of same color) or three quarks (three quarks or antiquarks, all of different colors). Two quarks and two antiquarks has been postulated but never observed, until now.

    4. Re:strange by Eunuchswear · · Score: 2

      It is made of quarks, it's "just" that it doesn't seem to be a meson (quark +antiquark) or a baryon (3 quarks)

      They're speculating that it's charm + anticharm + up + antidown, i.e 4 quarks (or 2 quark/antiquark pairs).

      Probably bollocks.

      --
      Watch this Heartland Institute video
    5. Re:strange by kruach+aum · · Score: 1

      No, it defines hadrons as follows: "Hadrons are subatomic particles that can take part in the strong interaction – the force that binds protons inside the nuclei of atoms." It then goes on to say that Hadrons are theorized to be constituted by quarks. Presumably the evidence they have for these particles being hadrons is that they take part in the strong interaction.

    6. Re:strange by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Informative

      To get Psi' you need c-cbar; to get a pi you need an up and a down. The final state they observe is a mu-,mu+ K pi. The production of the muons in pairs means that they came out of the same reaction -- that is you can put them together to get a Psi' with good reliability. So you that leaves you with Psi' k and pi, you could have an initial state that decays to a psi' and a (k+pi) in a baggy (aka the K* resonances), or a psi' and a k and a pi that don't interact with each other (but three prong decays are well down from pair wise decay chains), or a k + (psi' pi) in a baggy. Since momentum and energy are conserved having K*'s in the produced stuff can reflect into the other pairings (this is the crux of the venerable Dalitz plot analysis). The reflections are insufficient to explain away a k +(psi' pi) decay chain --it's not an echo from other known physics. The psi' is a pure ccbar state and the quark content of the pion is well known -- either all four quarks are present in the (psi' pi) baggy or something really weird is going on. Whip out the Occam's razor and you claim a tetraquark. (It's not clear however that the ancient a0(980) and f0(980) are not tetraquarks or molecules ... it's just a very very hard place to work -- here the muon decays help a lot at cleaning up the states -- there's not a great analog of the psi' below 1GeV that is a clean resonance to beat against.

    7. Re:strange by ArcadeMan · · Score: 1

      It's not made up of Quark's, it's made up of Rom's.

    8. Re:strange by Eunuchswear · · Score: 1

      Thanks, that sounds much less like bollocks than I thought.

      --
      Watch this Heartland Institute video
    9. Re:strange by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Informative

      For a more useful perspective and pretty graph of the experimental data, see:
      http://www.quantumdiaries.org/2014/04/09/major-harvest-of-four-leaf-clover

  8. Re:Who else misread the title as 'exotic hardons' by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Says Mr. Pinkiedick.

  9. So what is it made of? by bigsexyjoe · · Score: 1

    It's not a quark-antiquark pair. It's not three quarks of different colors. So what is it? Four quarks? Something else?

    1. Re:So what is it made of? by MobyDisk · · Score: 4, Informative

      According to http://lhcb-public.web.cern.ch...
      "It is therefore a four quark state or a two-quark plus two-antiquark state."

    2. Re:So what is it made of? by iggymanz · · Score: 1

      they call those "tetraquarks" in particle physics,

      http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T...

    3. Re:So what is it made of? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Informative

      "Tetraquarks" are a two-quark plus two-antiquark state.
      The other possibility that was mentioned (a four quark state) is too exotic to be reasonable (it would break color neutrality).

    4. Re:So what is it made of? by wonkey_monkey · · Score: 1

      Exactly what I was just about to ask.

      hadrons are made up of quarks and antiquarks that determine their properties. A subset of hadrons, called mesons, is formed from quark-antiquark pairs, while the rest – baryons – are made up of three quarks.

      And the exotic hadrons...?

      This "summary" appears to be simply paragraphs 1, 2, 4 and 5 from the article, with the submitter's sole contribution being to delete paragraph 3, which gives us the pertinent information that:

      But since it was first proposed physicists have found several particles that do not fit into this model of hadron structure. Now the LHCb collaboration has published an unambiguous observation of an exotic particle – the Z(4430) – that does not fit the quark model.

      So, that explains that.

      http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E...

      --
      systemd is Roko's Basilisk.
    5. Re:So what is it made of? by Ken_g6 · · Score: 1

      So it's still regular matter. It's just a little quarkier than most matter.

      --
      (T>t && O(n)--) == sqrt(666)
    6. Re:So what is it made of? by hamburger+lady · · Score: 5, Funny

      Fuck it, we're doing five quarks.

      Would someone tell me how this happened? We were the fucking vanguard of particles in this universe. The meson was the hadron to own. Then the other guy came out with a three-quark nucleon. Were we scared? Hell, no. Because we hit back with a little thing called the proton. That's three quarks and a positive charge. For positivity. But you know what happened next? Shut up, I'm telling you what happened—the bastards went to four quarks. Now we're standing around with our cocks in our hands, selling three quarks and a charge. Charge or no, suddenly we're the chumps. Well, fuck it. We're going to five quarks.

      --

      ---
      Is this the MPAA? Is this the RIAA? Is this the DMCA? I thought it was the USA!
    7. Re:So what is it made of? by Megane · · Score: 2

      Sure, we could go to four quarks next, like the next universe over. That seems like the logical thing to do. After all, three worked out pretty well, and four is the next number after three. So let's play it safe. Let's make a thicker gluon field and call it the Quark3SuperTurbo. Why innovate when we can follow? Oh, I know why: Because we're a fundamental force of the universe, that's why!

      Now we're standing around with our cocks in our hands

      Such a missed opportunity for the word "hadron".

      --
      #naabhaprzrag, #sverubfr-000, #agi-fcbafberq, negvpyr[pynff*=' negvpyr-ary-'] { qvfcynl: abar !vzcbegnag; }
    8. Re:So what is it made of? by Dragonslicer · · Score: 1

      What little knowledge I have is likely outdated, but wouldn't four quarks violate chromodynamics? Two quarks and two anti-quarks would obviously be fine, but I can't think of how you would get four quarks to add up to white.

    9. Re:So what is it made of? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Penta-quark candidate signals date back at least as far as the Conference on Intersections between Particle and Nuclear Physics (CIPANP) in 1998 in Big Sky. BTDT.

    10. Re:So what is it made of? by Eunuchswear · · Score: 1

      Funny, this is the one slashdot story I've seen where the AC's make more sense than the registered users.

      --
      Watch this Heartland Institute video
    11. Re:So what is it made of? by gerald.edward.butler · · Score: 2

      Hmmm....this sounds familiar: http://www.theonion.com/articl...

    12. Re:So what is it made of? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Yup, but this would be a composite of c /c d /u (and gluons), so would be color charge neutral.

    13. Re:So what is it made of? by Maritz · · Score: 1

      lol I know what you mean, I saw the reply to you earlier. Maybe the same dude.

      --
      I do not want your cheap brainburning drugs. They are useless for work. And I am a working man today.
    14. Re:So what is it made of? by Bite+The+Pillow · · Score: 1

      Onion? This isn't Onion.

      This. Is. SLASHDOT!

    15. Re:So what is it made of? by radarskiy · · Score: 1

      You never go full hadron.

    16. Re:So what is it made of? by paul.hatchman · · Score: 1

      No one will ever need more than 3 quarks.

  10. 4 quarks particle by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Informative

    From the original publication ( http://lhcb-public.web.cern.ch/lhcb-public/ ):
    The minimal quark content of the Z(4430) state is: charm + anti-charm + down + anti-up.
    It is therefore a four quark state or a two-quark plus two-antiquark state.

  11. Implications for the Standard Model by JoshuaZ · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Can someone who knows more about this subject explain what if any the implications this result has for the Standard Model?

    1. Re:Implications for the Standard Model by DirePickle · · Score: 4, Informative

      Unfortunately, none really. There's nothing in the standard model that says we can't have tetraquarks or mesonic molecules (this seems to be one or the other), it's just that we haven't seen any before.

    2. Re:Implications for the Standard Model by BitZtream · · Score: 2

      It means we're one step closer to confirming theoretical constructs such as wormholes as we're rapidly approaching the stage where exotic matter is no longer theoretical, and things such as negative mass start to look achievable.

      Not that this observation makes all of that actually true, but we're still moving in the right direction to maybe eventually one day confirm and observe things such as stable wormholes.

      --
      Persistent Volume manager for Kubernetes - https://github.com/dwimsey/openshift-pvmanager
    3. Re:Implications for the Standard Model by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Exotic hadrons have absolutely nothing to do with the "exotic matter" talked about needed for wormholes. It doesn't move us in that direction at all, even though both use the description "exotic" it is such a generic term and these do not have any of the properties, particularly negative mass, that is needed for wormholes. These don't even really challenge the Standard Model, but were already half expected. They only challenge particular approximate calculations based on the Standard Model, which we were not too sure about in the first place.

  12. I read it as Erotic Hadrons. by tekrat · · Score: 2

    I'm not sure which is funnier.

    --
    If telephones are outlawed, then only outlaws will have telephones.
    1. Re:I read it as Erotic Hadrons. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I read Exotic Hardons

    2. Re:I read it as Erotic Hadrons. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Me too. I did a double take before I read it correctly.

    3. Re:I read it as Erotic Hadrons. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I read what was written because I'm not a semiliterate moron.

  13. So is this evidence for or against Lisi's theory? by Bryan+Ischo · · Score: 1

    Lisi's "An Exceptionally Simple Theory of Everything" predicts particles. Is this one of those particles that it predicts?

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A...

  14. Is Slashdot all 12 year old boys now? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Insightful

    18 comments in, and 17 of them are just stupid stuff about hard-ons. Either Slashdot has been taken over by 12 year old boys, or they're all just still boys trapped in the bodies of men.

    1. Re:Is Slashdot all 12 year old boys now? by mx_mx_mx · · Score: 1

      Nope.. we all moved to http://soylentnews.org/

      --
      Linux forever
    2. Re:Is Slashdot all 12 year old boys now? by wjcofkc · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Clearly you weren't here in those dark days before moderation. Natalie Portman, hot grits, goatse links, etc, etc, etc... Don't like what you see in the comments? Get an account, stop whining as an AC, earn some mod points, and help eradicate the less flattering posts. I do.

      --
      Brought to you by Carl's Junior.
    3. Re:Is Slashdot all 12 year old boys now? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Or maybe they've just grown up and realise that extremely expensive science for its own sake is just a bunch of privileged geeks leeching off society, so there's not much to celebrate.

      There's nothing wrong with publicly funding science, but a balance must be made - and it's not being achieved here.

      (Spock) His analysis is logical.

      (Kirk): Yes, it is Spock. This is why we must talk about hard-ons instead.

    4. Re:Is Slashdot all 12 year old boys now? by K.+S.+Kyosuke · · Score: 2

      Of course, in every high-energy experiment, there's a lot of juvenile, short-lived resonances, but only few respectable, long-lived stable particles like us.

      --
      Ezekiel 23:20
    5. Re:Is Slashdot all 12 year old boys now? by cheesybagel · · Score: 1

      Not to mention first posts!, Beowulf clusters, can I play Quake/Crysis on that, etc.

    6. Re:Is Slashdot all 12 year old boys now? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Man you need to lighten up, Mr grumpy drawers.

    7. Re:Is Slashdot all 12 year old boys now? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Don't be to hard-on them, they're just having some fun.

    8. Re:Is Slashdot all 12 year old boys now? by steelfood · · Score: 1

      Don't kid yourself. "Men" in the form you romanticize do not exist. All men are "boys" at heart, and remain so irrespective of age.

      There's a reason why male-oriented comedy is filled with penis jokes. They're not just targeting the teenage demographic.

      --
      "If a nation expects to be ignorant and free in a state of civilization, it expects what never was and never will be."
    9. Re:Is Slashdot all 12 year old boys now? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Not to mention first posts!, Beowulf clusters, can I play Quake/Crysis on that, etc.

      Ooh! First post!

    10. Re:Is Slashdot all 12 year old boys now? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      (Spock) His analysis is logical.
      (Kirk): Yes, it is Spock. This is why we must talk about hard-ons instead.

      (McCoy): You won't get me to talk about his green-blood filled hard-on. Damn it Jim, I'm a doctor, not a schoolboy!

    11. Re:Is Slashdot all 12 year old boys now? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      LGBT Discovers Existence of Erotic Hardons

      News for Nerds, stuff that matters....

    12. Re:Is Slashdot all 12 year old boys now? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Or the sensible-minded went away after the introduction of Beta.

    13. Re:Is Slashdot all 12 year old boys now? by stoatwblr · · Score: 1

      For slightly less purile fun, look at https://www.youtube.com/watch?... (The large haddock collider)

  15. Editorial/stats geekiness by MAXOMENOS · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Belle later confirmed the existence of the Z(4430) with a significance of 5.2 sigma on the scale that particle physicists use to describe the certainty of a result.

    I believe that "scale" is called the normal distribution; that is to say, the odds of getting that result as a fluke are the same as finding a point 5.2 standard deviations away from the mean of the normal curve. If so, everything in that sentence after "5.2 sigma" can be left out.

    1. Re:Editorial/stats geekiness by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Well, except for the sentence that got left out from the summary that the latest data puts the significance at at least 13.9 sigma. That would've been a helpful thing to include, and I think is what the summary was trying to refer to.

    2. Re:Editorial/stats geekiness by TechyImmigrant · · Score: 1

      As the sigmas go up, the so does the probability that your experiment was flawed.

      Economics isn't the dismal science, statistical inference is.
       

      --
      I should use this sig to advertise my book ISBN-13 : 978-1501515132.
    3. Re:Editorial/stats geekiness by Kjella · · Score: 1

      Well, to a lay person it might sound a little like "Belle later confirmed the existence of the Z(4430) with [something]", common folk don't talk about probability in terms of "a significance of 5.2 sigma".

      A better phrasing would be:
      Belle later confirmed the existence of the Z(4430) with a significance of 5.2 sigma, a certainty high enough to be considered a discovery in particle physics.

      --
      Live today, because you never know what tomorrow brings
  16. Four quarks! by MAXOMENOS · · Score: 3, Informative

    Master Mark will have a field day!

    1. Re:Four quarks! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Informative

      MUSTER Mark.

  17. Re:So is this evidence for or against Lisi's theor by iggymanz · · Score: 2

    Lisi's theory predicts fields and the kind of particles known as bosons, it's a field theory that hasn't even been refined enough to include quantization. It doesn't predict mass of particles either.

  18. Re:Who else misread the title as 'exotic hardons' by sexconker · · Score: 0

    Says Mr. Pinkiedick.

    We just say Dinkie.

  19. Re:Did anyone else... by fintux · · Score: 0

    A great euphemism for "I have the weirdest bonre"

  20. God Particle by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    They are frantically searching for the means to combat God when he returns.

  21. Re:Did anyone else... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I'd collide-her.

  22. More cardio by Impy+the+Impiuos+Imp · · Score: 0

    Did anyone else get sick of not misreading posts about misreading the title as exotic hardons?

    Hardons should not become exotic to you until your forties, and even then because ypu take lots of high blood pressure or other cardiovascular medicine.

    --
    (-1: Post disagrees with my already-settled worldview) is not a valid mod option.
  23. Re:Who else misread the title as 'exotic hardons' by madbrain · · Score: 1

    Actually, I misread it as "erotic hardons" .

    --
    -- Julien Pierre http://www.madbrain.com/blog
  24. Re:Question? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I think I'm the only one who didn't to be honest.

  25. Changes in current knowledge by john_uy · · Score: 1

    Since I could no longer comprehend the technical nature of the discovery, what is the consequence of this discovery? Will existing theories be changed (or validated)? Any complications to other theories?

    I hope someone with more knowledge in the subject matter will be able to share.

    --
    Live your life each day as if it was your last.
    1. Re:Changes in current knowledge by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The consequences will be yet another article on particle physics that is unhelpful to a large portion of people that actually want to learn what these sub atomic particles do.

    2. Re:Changes in current knowledge by Xtifr · · Score: 1

      what is the consequence of this discovery?

      Some idle speculation has finally been confirmed.

      Will existing theories be changed (or validated)?

      Not really. There was no particular reason to think this was impossible. We just didn't have any evidence it was possible.

      Any complications to other theories?

      Not to any useful theories. Theories like the Electric Universe have one more thing added to the list of things they can't explain, but that's no surprise. :)

    3. Re:Changes in current knowledge by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      All that you and your ilk need is bigger better filling system.

  26. Re:I CAN'T be the only one to misread the title by PixetaledPikachu · · Score: 1

    I swear I had to read that three times before I realized that the article title wasn't "LHCb Confirms Existence of Exotic Hardons"

    "erotic hardons"

  27. Re:Who else misread the title as 'exotic hardons' by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    because she's big and loose as a gunny sack

  28. Re:Erotic Hardons? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Ever since the move to become more social and hip! Well, they got part of what they wanted, drove most of the actual nerds away. I have been here twice in six months, only because I miss the old /., but after reading a few threads I just leave again.

  29. Re:Who else misread the title as 'exotic hardons' by flyneye · · Score: 1

    Hmmm, masse accounts of literary Freudian Slip
    Much ado about the thought of erections....
    Verrrrry interesting.........

    --
    *Repent!Quit Your Job!Slack Off!The World Ends Tomorrow and You May Die!
  30. Re:Who else misread the title as 'exotic hardons' by erroneus · · Score: 1

    Yeah, me too... and uhm... when did that change for you? I'm in mid-40s and that still happens for me though I wouldn't say without thinking... there's almost always something I'm thinking about at the time.

  31. LHCb Confirms Existence of Exotic Hadrons by nzjade · · Score: 1

    ... er, I thought it was a typo that was to read, "LHCb Confirms Existence of Exotic Hard on's"

  32. Re:Who else misread the title as 'exotic hardons' by Pseudonym · · Score: 1

    I first assumed that it was Ingress backstory.

    --
    sub f{($f)=@_;print"$f(q{$f});";}f(q{sub f{($f)=@_;print"$f(q{$f});";}f});