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Group Demonstrates 3,000 Km Electric Car Battery

Jabrwock (985861) writes 'One of the biggest limitations on lithium battery-powered electric cars has been their range. Last year Israeli-based Phinergy introduced an "aluminum-air" battery. Today, partnering with Alcoa Canada, they announced a demo of the battery, which is charged up at Alcoa's aluminum smelter in Quebec. The plant uses hydro-electric power to charge up the battery, which would then need a tap-water refill every few months, and a swap (ideally at a local dealership) every 3,000km, since it cannot be recharged as simply as Lithium. The battery is meant to boost the range of standard electric cars, which would still use the Lithium batteries for short-range trips. The battery would add about 100 kg to an existing Tesla car's battery weight.'

257 of 363 comments (clear)

  1. Hm.... by thieh · · Score: 2

    I wonder whether anyone will remember doing this sort of maintenance (filling the tap water part) without some sort of big warning or display somewhere.

    1. Re:Hm.... by Rosco+P.+Coltrane · · Score: 3, Funny

      The car grinding to a halt would be a pretty efficient warning.

      --
      "A door is what a dog is perpetually on the wrong side of" - Ogden Nash
    2. Re:Hm.... by Thavilden · · Score: 1

      Maybe something like a dial gauge indicating the fill level on the dashboard cluster, kind of like a gas tank that we remember to fill pretty frequently.

    3. Re:Hm.... by MiniMike · · Score: 3

      That's a small detail. If it can use tap water, it can also use water from the condenser coil or filtered rainwater collection. Or they could just add a small reservoir (similar to the windshield wiper fluid reservoir) which gets topped off when they change the battery.

      Or they could just fill it up with the "amazing, mileage extending super water" which would be sure to hit the shelves soon after these batteries are released.

    4. Re:Hm.... by YoungManKlaus · · Score: 1

      because the issue of notifying the driver has never existed before...

    5. Re:Hm.... by luis_a_espinal · · Score: 2

      I wonder whether anyone will remember doing this sort of maintenance (filling the tap water part) without some sort of big warning or display somewhere.

      I wonder if anyone will remember changing oil as a sort of maintenance without some sort of big warning or display somewhere. #thestupiditburns

    6. Re:Hm.... by drinkypoo · · Score: 2

      So, we have a hot battery venting hydrogen through its air intakes.

      What makes you think that you're the only person who ever thought of hydrogen venting? This is a solved problem even on car batteries. Hydrogen vents, and nobody cares. Maybe they'll need an explicit vent system. Oh noes!!1!1!!

      --
      "You're right," Fisheye says. "I should have set it on 'whip' or 'chop.'"
    7. Re:Hm.... by flyingfsck · · Score: 2

      Quick, go and patent your mileage extending super water!

      --
      Excuse me, but please get off my Pennisetum Clandestinum, eh!
    8. Re:Hm.... by jae471 · · Score: 1

      Because there is never any Al in current motor cars.
      (Granted, not 100 kg, but far more than enough to make for a pretty light show if you ignite it.)

    9. Re:Hm.... by BitZtream · · Score: 2

      If your car battery is venting hydrogen, you're already fucked on a different scale. The vent is to prevent violent explosions in one form (over-pressure) but raises the risk of a hydrogen fire. The trade off is worth it, but the solution is to prevent the battery from going to the point of venting.

      Once you've caused hydrogen generation you're well on your way to destroying the battery anyway.

      --
      Persistent Volume manager for Kubernetes - https://github.com/dwimsey/openshift-pvmanager
    10. Re:Hm.... by jabuzz · · Score: 1

      They even make cars basically completely out of Al as well http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A...

    11. Re:Hm.... by drinkypoo · · Score: 2

      If your car battery is venting hydrogen, you're already fucked on a different scale.

      It is normal for car batteries to vent a small amount of hydrogen during "normal" operation. Modern alternators put out over 14.5 volts in most cases, while older ones and generators typically put out less than 14, sometimes barely over 13. This permits quicker charging, but also leads to overcharging which causes offgassing.

      --
      "You're right," Fisheye says. "I should have set it on 'whip' or 'chop.'"
    12. Re:Hm.... by Grishnakh · · Score: 2

      Pretty much every car these days has an aluminum engine block (and cylinder heads). No one uses cast iron blocks any more, except possibly some truck diesel engines and even that's unlikely. In addition, aluminum suspension arms are pretty common too, as well as aluminum wheels. I'd say there probably aren't any new cars now that have less than 100kg (220 lb.) of aluminum in total.

    13. Re:Hm.... by fahrbot-bot · · Score: 2

      Or they could just fill it up with the "amazing, mileage extending super water" which would be sure to hit the shelves soon after these batteries are released.

      Don't give Monster Cable any business ideas...

      --
      It must have been something you assimilated. . . .
    14. Re:Hm.... by kenaaker · · Score: 5, Insightful
      Here's a prime example of someone speaking with absolute certainty and near complete ignorance.

      The "extremely nasty" chemicals in the battery are aluminum and oxygen. Solid aluminum metal will yield 8kWh of electricity per kilogram of aluminum mass when reacted with oxygen. When aluminum first became an affordable material it was referred to as "solidified electricity" because of how much electricity the Bayer process consumed to refine bauxite. Also, the aluminum is basically consumed by being transformed back into aluminum oxide. But, if you run the alumina back through the Bayer process you get aluminum metal again. Pretty much a closed cycle.

    15. Re:Hm.... by rickb928 · · Score: 1

      Perhaps you should have told Ford this.

      --
      deleting the extra space after periods so i can stay relevant, yeah.
    16. Re:Hm.... by I'm+New+Around+Here · · Score: 1

      Right. The other AC is saying collect that water, and pipe it into the battery. I'm sure Elon Musk can figure out how to do that.

      --
      If you think I voted for Trump because of this post, you're wrong. I voted for Dr. Jill Stein of the Green Party. Again.
    17. Re:Hm.... by gewalker · · Score: 1

      Seems like a bad design simply because many people won't maintain properly.

      If this was part a new car design I would add an external water tank for this to allow annual maintenance and include a sensor for low water in the tank.

      This is one of the differences between engineering and inventing.

    18. Re:Hm.... by Belial6 · · Score: 2

      And, there is no reason that the water levels could not be monitored with a sensor that simply shuts off the car before the levels get too low. You set the gauge in the dashboard to show "Empty" as some value greater than the shut down value. As far as the user is concerned, the car is empty when the gauge says it is empty, and there is no risk of the water running too low.

    19. Re:Hm.... by PhunkySchtuff · · Score: 1

      I'm going to guess that you're joking here. Cars already need to be regularly filled up with fluids of all sorts and people seem to be able remember to do that, granted with the help of a small gauge in the instrument cluster.

    20. Re:Hm.... by Cyberax · · Score: 1

      Regular solid aluminum blocks do not burn in a 20% oxygen atmosphere. There's not enough surface area for oxidation to replenish the heat lost to convection or radiation. So it's safe to use liquid aluminum for molds, for example.

    21. Re:Hm.... by mirix · · Score: 1

      Aluminium smelting uses a ridiculous amount of energy. So much that electricity costs can represent as much as half of the final value of a piece of aluminium metal.

      It's also why smelters tend to be parked next to giant hydroelectric dams.

      Note the process uses gigantic carbon electrodes and burns them up, releasing CO2; and cryolite as a flux, which makes fluoride waste products. So it's not entirely a closed deal. The aluminium part is, though. 100% reusable.

      --
      Sent from my PDP-11
    22. Re:Hm.... by AaronW · · Score: 1

      Most modern batteries have a catalyst to convert the hydrogen and oxygen back into water.

      --
      This post is encrypted twice with ROT-13. Documenting or attempting to crack this encryption is illegal.
    23. Re:Hm.... by mirix · · Score: 1

      Grey iron blocks are still pretty popular, at least on smaller engines where it makes less of a difference... popular with a lot of diesels too.

      --
      Sent from my PDP-11
    24. Re:Hm.... by kaatochacha · · Score: 1

      It works because all the electrons in the water are properly aligned, allowing for more efficient electrical movement!

    25. Re:Hm.... by DarwinSurvivor · · Score: 1

      That's not a warning. A warning is supposed to come before something bad happens.
      - Leela

    26. Re:Hm.... by drinkypoo · · Score: 2

      Most modern batteries have a catalyst to convert the hydrogen and oxygen back into water.

      You are completely correct. They "lose water" at a reduced rate because they are capable of taking oxygen from the air. However, the process is lossy over time as it causes sulfation, which is the process during which the hydrogen is released. The sulfates raise the internal resistance of the battery, which reduces both its charge capacity and its charge rate. The degradation happens unevenly, so the batteries tend to discharge (and charge) unevenly, reducing their lifespan.

      It's probably best for forego traditional batteries entirely at this point. That's kind of annoying though, because of my vehicles, one of them has two batteries ($$$) and the other is German and takes an odd size.

      --
      "You're right," Fisheye says. "I should have set it on 'whip' or 'chop.'"
    27. Re:Hm.... by david_thornley · · Score: 1

      I take my car in for maintenance when it tells me to.

      --
      "When you have eliminated the unacceptable, whatever is left, however improbable, must be the truthiness" - Holmes
  2. haha. they call if "charging the battery" by idji · · Score: 4, Informative

    Why don't they get honest and say "Smelting aluminium at 960 degrees".

    1. Re:haha. they call if "charging the battery" by Mr+D+from+63 · · Score: 3, Interesting

      Its hard to see how the energy cycle makes sense. Melting down the aluminum to reform a "charged" battery does not seem intuitively efficient. Even if the process is powered from beautiful clean hydro.

      Battery trailers make more sense than swapping, IMO.

    2. Re:haha. they call if "charging the battery" by NotDrWho · · Score: 4, Insightful

      It'll be pretty damn efficient at putting a lot of money into the hands of the dealerships where you have to switch those batteries out, though.

      --
      SJW's don't eliminate discrimination. They just expropriate it for themselves.
    3. Re:haha. they call if "charging the battery" by NotDrWho · · Score: 5, Funny

      I've learned quite a bit about smelting from playing Elder Scrolls Online. And so I feel qualified to say that smelting is actually very straightforward. Just go to a blacksmith station, open up your refine menu and add your ore, press the refine key, and you're done!

      --
      SJW's don't eliminate discrimination. They just expropriate it for themselves.
    4. Re: haha. they call if "charging the battery" by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Informative

      "Charging aluminum" consumes a LOT of heat + carbon (anode burning) + fluorine (escape from electrolyte). It's not just clean hydro-electricity.

    5. Re:haha. they call if "charging the battery" by Charliemopps · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Its hard to see how the energy cycle makes sense. Melting down the aluminum to reform a "charged" battery does not seem intuitively efficient. Even if the process is powered from beautiful clean hydro.

      Battery trailers make more sense than swapping, IMO.

      It appears to be based on the oxidation of the Aluminum.

      The energy is released via a chemical reaction that draws oxygen from the air and uses water fed into the car by the user to turn the aluminum into alumina (similar to the reaction that turns iron into rust)

      So using the battery literally destroys it. The aluminum is all still there. So it's not rechargeable at all. It's disposable. They recycle it at the smelter, they don't recharge it. I suspect it will be treated like other car parts and there will be a core charge that you get back for swapping your old battery in.

      I've no idea how efficient the process is, that would really be the key question.

    6. Re:haha. they call if "charging the battery" by Mr+D+from+63 · · Score: 1

      I've no idea how efficient the process is, that would really be the key question.

      Which was basically the question I implied. Then you rambled on about peripheral stuff, and re-asked.

    7. Re:haha. they call if "charging the battery" by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      TRY READING, 3000 miles is not 3000 km.

    8. Re:haha. they call if "charging the battery" by khallow · · Score: 1

      Well, how inefficient does the process have to be before it doesn't make sense? Transportation generally is a high value use of energy and this battery pack would fill an important niche, enabling electric cars to travel more than a few hundred miles a day.

    9. Re:haha. they call if "charging the battery" by DigiShaman · · Score: 1

      I don't know what kind of connections you have, but man, they wouldn't let me near the place. Something about safety, needing an escort, and some other BS about whom my point of contact is. I told them what I needed to do, but they started to raise their voice and get hostile. One of the guys even threatened the police if I didn't leave. WTF??!! Just let me walk in there and press the refine button.

      The world is just too damn complicated. Fuck it, I'm grabbing another bag of Cheetos some Mt. Dew and heading back home to do this shit the easy way.

      --
      Life is not for the lazy.
    10. Re:haha. they call if "charging the battery" by Mr+D+from+63 · · Score: 1

      Well, how inefficient does the process have to be before it doesn't make sense? Transportation generally is a high value use of energy and this battery pack would fill an important niche, enabling electric cars to travel more than a few hundred miles a day.

      This not just a niche, range is a key element to electric car mass adoption. Efficiency is proportional to cost. Cost matters.

    11. Re:haha. they call if "charging the battery" by fnj · · Score: 4, Informative

      So what do you think bauxite (aluminum ore) is? It's a mixture of aluminum hydroxides and aluminum oxide hydroxides, with iron oxides, clay, and titanium dioxide as contaminants. Essentially the discharged battery will yield an unusually pure form of bauxite.

      Recycling ALUMINUM is just melting scrap aluminum metal so it can be refabricated into new aluminum products. As such, yes, it is arelatively low energy process.

      Electrolyzing BAUXITE into aluminum, on the other hand, is extremely energy intensive. Changing bauxite (aluminum+oxygen+hydrogen) into separate components is quite like changine water (hydrogen+oxugen) into separate components. In each case, the elements "want" to be combined. Separating them requires vast amounts of electrioc energy.

    12. Re:haha. they call if "charging the battery" by meerling · · Score: 1

      The 3000 km is about 1864 miles.
      So, how long does it usually take you to rack up that mileage?

    13. Re:haha. they call if "charging the battery" by khallow · · Score: 1

      Well, I did say the niche was important. And cost isn't the only factor.

    14. Re:haha. they call if "charging the battery" by drinkypoo · · Score: 1

      On one hand, that's only a little less than 1/2 of a typical oil change interval. On the other hand, the actual oil change is eliminated, and swapping this sucker in should be a lot easier than actually doing an oil change. For one thing, they won't be leaving off your drain plug.

      --
      "You're right," Fisheye says. "I should have set it on 'whip' or 'chop.'"
    15. Re:haha. they call if "charging the battery" by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Effectively it's a fuel cell that runs on aluminum and water. It's not a battery in the rechargeable sense, but perhaps in the recyclable sense (re-smelt the aluminum oxide back into aluminum). On the plus side, aluminum smelting is usually done with hydropower. I suppose in some broad sense you could think of the smelter as doing the recharging, but this is not an electric car in the way that most people imagine.

    16. Re:haha. they call if "charging the battery" by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      So what were they threatening to do to the police if you didn't leave?

    17. Re:haha. they call if "charging the battery" by meerling · · Score: 5, Interesting

      Below I've included some of the info from wikipedia on the subject of what Bauxite is and the process to turn it into aluminum. Also, there have been some fairly recent developments in the technology that is said to greatly reduce the amount of electricity needed for that final step, though I don't know if it's currently being employed, or if existing facilities can be retrofitted with it. Now for the wiki:

      Bauxite, an aluminium ore, is the world's main source of aluminium. It consists mostly of the minerals gibbsite Al(OH)3, boehmite γ-AlO(OH) and diaspore α-AlO(OH), mixed with the two iron oxides goethite and haematite, the clay mineral kaolinite and small amounts of anatase TiO2.

      Approximately 70% to 80% of the world's dry bauxite production is processed first into alumina, and then into aluminium by electrolysis as of 2010

      Usually, bauxite ore is heated in a pressure vessel along with a sodium hydroxide solution at a temperature of 150 to 200 C. At these temperatures, the aluminium is dissolved as an aluminate (the Bayer process). After separation of ferruginous residue (red mud) by filtering, pure gibbsite is precipitated when the liquid is cooled, and then seeded with fine-grained aluminium hydroxide. The gibbsite is usually converted into aluminium oxide, Al2O3, by heating. This mineral is dissolved at a temperature of about 960 C in molten cryolite. Next, this molten substance can yield metallic aluminium by passing an electric current through it in the process of electrolysis, which is called the Hall-Heroult process

    18. Re:haha. they call if "charging the battery" by bobbied · · Score: 2

      On one hand, that's only a little less than 1/2 of a typical oil change interval. On the other hand, the actual oil change is eliminated, and swapping this sucker in should be a lot easier than actually doing an oil change. For one thing, they won't be leaving off your drain plug.

      FYI... "Typical Oil Changes" are no longer 3,000 miles but twice that. Newer cars generally suggest 7,500 miles or more and you can go longer in that older car too because the oil being used has improved. The 3,000 mile interval was born in the days when oil filters where optional equipment and motor oil broke down faster. Now days, you are wasting money and oil if you do this more than every 6,000 miles. Save the cash and the environment.

      Link: http://www.edmunds.com/car-car...

      --
      "File to fit, pound to insert, paint to match" - Aircraft Maintenance 101
    19. Re:haha. they call if "charging the battery" by necro81 · · Score: 2

      Its hard to see how the energy cycle makes sense

      It makes about as much sense as other primary (i.e., nonrechargeable) batteries: alkaline AAs, lithium coin cells, and the like. Depending on where you live, those may or may not be readily recycled. In most of the United States, for instance, they end up in landfills. Too bad, too, there's a decent amount of refined metals (manganese, nickel, steel, lithium, etc.) in those things that could be recovered. I guess we'll just leave them as a buried resource for future generations to dig out of the ground again.

    20. Re:haha. they call if "charging the battery" by bobbied · · Score: 1

      If range anxiety is the issue, then we need to run headlong into CNG (Compressed Natural Gas) as a motor fuel, at least for the near term. It's not quite as dense as gasoline, but it burns clean and distribution systems already exist for it. Refueling times are comparable to gasoline, you just might have to do it more often.

      A battery that needs to be replaced every 2,000 miles or so and cannot be recharged is not going to fix the electric car's problems. Where it does fix the range issue, you are creating other issues in the process. One issue I see is that the reforming of Aluminum Oxide back into Aluminum metal is an energy intensive process, so this "recharging" is going to be *very* costly especially if this administration continues to force the shuttering of coal fired power plants and forces electric rates up. Then there is all the transportation and manufacturing costs associated with the batteries life cycle that need to be factored in.

      Call me a watchful skeptic, but I don't see this technology as having a good chance at success. CNG on the other hand, should be the long distance motor fuel of choice if you ask me.

      --
      "File to fit, pound to insert, paint to match" - Aircraft Maintenance 101
    21. Re:haha. they call if "charging the battery" by jae471 · · Score: 1

      This is in addition to the short-distance Li battery. The Al battery is the long haul battery.

    22. Re:haha. they call if "charging the battery" by Immerman · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Smelting aluminum has actually gotten pretty efficient - despite the ore being relatively cheap there was a time it was more valuable than gold (hence the cap on the Washington Monument), and even today it's one of the most expensive common metals. Any improvement in smelting has great profit potential, so there's been a lot of advances aimed at improving the efficiency over the last century. The enormous energy inputs are getting pretty close to the minimums required to de-oxidize the aluminum (melting is incidental, and the thermal energy can mostly be recycled). There's a reason aluminum is nicknamed "solid electricity".

      So the real question is how efficient the battery is at extracting energy from the oxidizing the aluminum. I too would like to know the actual numbers, but if it's capable of supplying power to a car without needing a large dedicated cooling system then that's pretty promising. And of course this is intended as an *auxiliary* power system only intended for use when the range of the primary batteries has been exceeded, so a much lower efficiency is acceptable - it exists primarily so that you never have to worry about being not quite able to make it home / to a charging station, though I could see it being nice for long road trips as well.

      Given the inability to recharge them though, I do think I'd want 2+ batteries in the car, to be drained (and replaced) sequentially. I don't want my "emergency tank" anywhere near empty, but it's wasteful to recycle it while it's still 20% charged. So let me drain one completely while the next is still fully charged. Assuming I'm mostly driving on the primaries that also gives me a nice big time buffer as to when I replace the drained battery.

      --
      --- Most topics have many sides worth arguing, allow me to take one opposite you.
    23. Re:haha. they call if "charging the battery" by Immerman · · Score: 4, Interesting

      That's why you buy an EV whose primary, high-efficiency range is >= your normal daily usage. You add one of these just so that that isn't a hard limit - no need to worry about running out of charge a few miles from home because you ran a lot more errands than usual. Even if it cost 10x as much per Watt-hour as a primary battery charge that only mean only that, in the rare case when you exceed the range of the primary battery, your mileage costs increase 10x. Something to keep in mind, but if you only use the backup for a few % of your total mileage it won't significantly alter your operating costs.

      --
      --- Most topics have many sides worth arguing, allow me to take one opposite you.
    24. Re:haha. they call if "charging the battery" by Mr+D+from+63 · · Score: 2

      Quick and dirty math tells me one of these batteries has on the order of 600KWh of energy to deliver to the car (to drive the distance claimed).

      So, the question is, how many KWh of energy does it take to smelt, reclaim, and re-form the battery (or whatever the process order is)? That's simplified and ignores other inputs like added material, but it is a starting point. For starters, does anybody have an idea what melting 100Kg of aluminum requires? It would be interesting to see.

    25. Re:haha. they call if "charging the battery" by Herschel+Cohen · · Score: 1

      Would you care to show your numbers supporting your estimate?

      Using 1,863 miles per charge and an average yearly milage of 15,000 I get only a fraction over 8 changes per year. That number is still to many if done at a dealership given the expense in time and currency.

    26. Re:haha. they call if "charging the battery" by Mr+D+from+63 · · Score: 2

      BTW, excellent point regarding the need to fully discharge the battery before 'recycling' to get full benefit. I hadn't thought of that, and it may be the single biggest weakness in this approach.

    27. Re:haha. they call if "charging the battery" by tlhIngan · · Score: 3, Interesting

      The 3000 km is about 1864 miles.
      So, how long does it usually take you to rack up that mileage?

      The average car in the US travels approximately 20,000 miles/year. It's generally what they base warranties on and other things like leases .Some drive more, some drive less, but 20,000 average has held up for a long time now. (When you see those "160,000 mile/8 year power train warranty" - guess what!)

      A battery that gets you 1800 miles per change would therefore require 11 changes a year, or just over a month's average driving.

      You better hope that they have a regular battery in there and use the primary cell (yes, it's not recharging) as a range extender for those few trips that exceed the secondary cell capacity.

      In this case, it'll be slightly better than those cars like the BMW and Volt that are primarily electric but tow a gas generator with them to offer extended range operations. This one keeps the existing simple low-maintenance electric drivetrain without having to add all the gas engine support components to the car.

    28. Re:haha. they call if "charging the battery" by Immerman · · Score: 2

      There's a reason they nickname aluminum "solid electricity" - the cost of aluminum almost entirely reflects the energy needed to refine it, the costs of mining and shipping the ore are tiny in comparison. And that energy mostly remains in the chemical structure, ripe for the plucking by a battery such as this. Consider - the average car battery weighs ~40 pounds, more than half of which is relatively low-value lead, and it's sill cost effective to ship the sucker away for recycling. And smelter capacity could scale to whatever is needed, it's not like you'll start recycling millions of these things overnight.

      As for alternatives, let's look at chemical energy densities:
      46.4 MJ/kg --- 34.2 MJ/L - Gasoline
      53.6 MJ/kg --- 22.2MJ/L - Natural gas (liquid)
      142 MJ/kg --- 8.49 MJ/L - Hydrogen (liquid)
      31.0 MJ/kg --- 83.8 MJ/L - Aluminum
      ~0.6 MJ/kg --- ~1.8 MJ/L - Lithium ion

      Hydrogen is the clear winner by mass, but aluminum isn't much worse than the other alternatives, and wins hands down in terms of volume. Even if you manage to liquify hydrogen you're still going to need 10x the volume for the same energy content as aluminum.

      --
      --- Most topics have many sides worth arguing, allow me to take one opposite you.
    29. Re:haha. they call if "charging the battery" by drinkypoo · · Score: 1

      FYI... "Typical Oil Changes" are no longer 3,000 miles but twice that.

      If you wait longer than 5,000 miles you're a boob.

      Save the cash and the environment.

      The oil gets recycled and reused.

      --
      "You're right," Fisheye says. "I should have set it on 'whip' or 'chop.'"
    30. Re:haha. they call if "charging the battery" by Mr+D+from+63 · · Score: 1, Offtopic

      That may all be true, but it doesn't mean this technology is the right answer. If there are other approaches that cost less and are appropriately functional, then they will be adapted for the purpose. A simple gas generator or other batteries on a trailer, for instance. Without a proper comparison, we just don't know.

      Cost and efficiency matter when evaluating solutions to given problems, even if it is marginal to the overall cost, and, yes, they are often a trade off with functionality.

    31. Re:haha. they call if "charging the battery" by Charliemopps · · Score: 1

      Aluminium recycle is one of the most efficient ones. Aluminium is hard to create from bauxite, but once extracted, is very easy to recicle. (Low energies compared to other metals).

      Also I think that recyclic from alumina (Aluminium oxide, which is the byproduct) is even easier.

      So they are not disposable, they are true rechargable, but not by a common mean. Sure, you can also dispose the alumina to be recycled locally and buy new ones. This will have the same CO2 footprint. But I'm sure they will offer you a discount for the interchange.

      No, you are not recycling aluminum. You're recycling Alumina otherwise known as Aluminum Oxide which is basically bauxite.The only difference between Aluminum Oxide and Bauxite is the Bauxite has a lot of impurities in it. So it probably takes less energy than refining ore, but definitely takes more than simply recycling aluminum cans.

      In researching this post I found that there is a new and better way to do this!
      http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H...
      Very very interesting. Is till can't find an efficiency numbers on this. It does not, however, sound like a very efficient process. But at least it's better than smelting from bauxite.

    32. Re:haha. they call if "charging the battery" by Firethorn · · Score: 3, Insightful

      The average car in the US travels approximately 20,000 miles/year.

      The 20k/year warranty isn't due to the average, it's to catch like 90% of people. The average is more like 12k - light duty trucks(pickups) average closer to 15k.

      1800 miles per charge is 7 swaps, or about every other month.

      If you keep even a 25 mile liIon battery in it though it'd become an annual swap for most people.

      --
      I don't read AC A human right
    33. Re:haha. they call if "charging the battery" by Wookact · · Score: 1
      Sure in an old car, not in a newer one. Most new cars recommend greater then 6k miles. Did you even read the article?

      The majority of automakers today call for oil changes at either 7,500 or 10,000 miles, and the interval can go as high as 15,000 miles in some cars.

    34. Re:haha. they call if "charging the battery" by Prune · · Score: 1

      > Separating them requires vast amounts of electrioc energy.

      Your post sets out to critique the claim of efficiency of this technology and falls flat on that count, because you fail to compare the "vast amounts" of energy it takes to convert the bauxite into aluminum with the vast amounts of energy the battery releases. The absolute amount of energy used to manufacture the battery is irrelevant; what matters is the amount relative to that recovered as electricity produced by the battery--and that your post fails to cover completely. (In practical terms, the source of energy for manufacture also matters, and Alcoa's plant being exclusively powered by hydroelectricity is a big part of this story, as another of your responders already noted.)

      --
      "Politicians and diapers must be changed often, and for the same reason."
    35. Re:haha. they call if "charging the battery" by bobbied · · Score: 2

      FYI... "Typical Oil Changes" are no longer 3,000 miles but twice that.

      If you wait longer than 5,000 miles you're a boob.

      Even if my owner's manual says 7,500 miles? Unless you have a really warn out engine, feel free to wait to 6,000 miles, no matter what you are driving, just be careful to check the oil and keep it full. You MIGHT have a case for 3,000 miles if you own a '56 Chevy w/o an oil filter, but for any water cooled car since the middle of the 60's when oil filters became standard equipment you are good at 6,000 miles.

      Now if you have been running non-detergent oil for some reason (and I seriously don't know why you would or if you can even find it these days) and you switch to detergent oil, I would advise you run only a few thousand miles between the next few filter changes out of an abundance of caution, but after that you can back off to the 6,000 mile intervals with everybody else. But if you are pinching pennies enough to actually go looking for non-detergent oil, you are likely doing your own oil changes and probably don't need my advice anyway.

      --
      "File to fit, pound to insert, paint to match" - Aircraft Maintenance 101
    36. Re:haha. they call if "charging the battery" by rickb928 · · Score: 1

      And *THAT* is one good reason this technology would succeed, changing the auto industry rapidly. There are others:

      - Regular servicing preserves the maintenance business, albeit potentially smaller, getting the dealerships on your side. the EV-1 proved a threat to dealer revenue.

      - Aluminum, among other things, is readily recycled, lowering costs. Li-Ion recycling is anything but easy.

      - Dual-battery implementations, using Li-Ion packs for short trips and kicking in the Al pack for longer run or to supplement, give plug in EVs a new range option.

      - Swapping the exhausted pack seems not much more complicated than typical brake work. And until it gets standardized and the aftermarket gets involved, this is a dealer dream - better than scheduled maintenance today, it's almost a desirable feature - get a new pack when needed, overcoming the presumably much higher cost of replacing Li-Ion packs (as in Prius replacements).

      Could work.

      --
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    37. Re:haha. they call if "charging the battery" by CWCheese · · Score: 1

      I've had averages of 30,000 miles/year in my recent driving history, which is not uncommon in the western US. That would mean the battery would need replacement every 3.3 weeks or so.

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      Have a Day!
    38. Re:haha. they call if "charging the battery" by I'm+New+Around+Here · · Score: 2

      No, you would use the AL battery to the Mississippi River, then change it for another one.

      Of course, YMMV.

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      If you think I voted for Trump because of this post, you're wrong. I voted for Dr. Jill Stein of the Green Party. Again.
    39. Re:haha. they call if "charging the battery" by I'm+New+Around+Here · · Score: 1

      They were going to shoot an arrow into their knee. That always ruins them for that line of work.

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    40. Re:haha. they call if "charging the battery" by jdschulteis · · Score: 4, Insightful

      What I'm wondering is why I want to carry around 2 months worth of fuel in my car and be sitting on top of that amount of potential energy in a crash?

      Maybe because of the unlikelihood that all of that energy would be released rapidly enough to cause a safety concern?

    41. Re:haha. they call if "charging the battery" by matfud · · Score: 2

      It is $240 ish dollars to buy 100kg of billet aluminium so less then $240 dollars worth of electricity to make that (and lots of that will come from ore not recycled aluminium)

    42. Re:haha. they call if "charging the battery" by Mr+D+from+63 · · Score: 1

      It is $240 ish dollars to buy 100kg of billet aluminium so less then $240 dollars worth of electricity to make that (and lots of that will come from ore not recycled aluminium)

      If you assume 33% is energy cost, that would be $80.00, or at $.01/Kwh it would be about 800 Kwh of energy.

      Of course, my 33% assumption has no basis, just a point of reference. $.01/Kwh is reasonable, but too many assumptions for this to be useful for anything other than a starting point.
      -

    43. Re:haha. they call if "charging the battery" by Alsn · · Score: 2

      My google fu yields the following:
      http://www.world-aluminium.org/statistics/primary-aluminium-smelting-energy-intensity/
      Efficiency varies around the world between 13000-16000 kWh per 1000kg of aluminium.

      Assuming the entire quoted weight of 100kg is aluminium (which according to the article the batteries are "made mostly of aluminium"), that's at best 50% efficient assuming your ballpark estimate of 600 kWh. Compared to an internal combustion engine that's not too shabby.

      However, I feel like a demonstration like this probably used an extremely lightweight car in order to maximize the range for the test. I'm thinking 600 kWh is probably a bit too optimistic.

    44. Re:haha. they call if "charging the battery" by Mr+D+from+63 · · Score: 1

      Interesting.

      I agree, from your numbers, 600 kWh for a 100kg battery is way too high. It appears even 200kWh would be pretty good for a battery that size. But that would mean they assume the car gets close to 9 mi/kwh, which is also very optimistic, as I believe the Tesla gets more like 3 mi/kwh.

    45. Re:haha. they call if "charging the battery" by Enigma2175 · · Score: 2

      Quick and dirty math tells me one of these batteries has on the order of 600KWh of energy to deliver to the car (to drive the distance claimed).

      So, the question is, how many KWh of energy does it take to smelt, reclaim, and re-form the battery (or whatever the process order is)? That's simplified and ignores other inputs like added material, but it is a starting point. For starters, does anybody have an idea what melting 100Kg of aluminum requires? It would be interesting to see.

      Well, aluminium on the US commodities market currently sells for around $0.81/pound so the maximum cost for refining 100 Kg of aluminum from bauxite is $178. Refining from alumina (the waste product of this battery) is presumably cheaper because it removes all the refining steps in the process before electrolysis.

      --

      Enigma

    46. Re:haha. they call if "charging the battery" by jfengel · · Score: 1

      This is more about putting an end to "range anxiety". Efficiency is a separate problem, though it should still be cheaper per mile than fossil fuels while putting less carbon into the air.

      Trailers might be easier to swap out, but if shops and cars are designed to support a rapid replacement of an internal battery, you don't have to deal with the awkwardness of a separate object trailing behind you (prone to theft, tricky to park). Musk had already demonstrated a quick-swap battery a while back meant to make refueling as quick as putting in gas.

    47. Re:haha. they call if "charging the battery" by swillden · · Score: 1

      Smaller EVs like the LEAF and i-MiEV get ~4 mi/kWh. Of course they could have used a non-production vehicle which is lighter and therefore more efficient.

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    48. Re:haha. they call if "charging the battery" by Solandri · · Score: 1

      Given the inability to recharge them though, I do think I'd want 2+ batteries in the car, to be drained (and replaced) sequentially. I don't want my "emergency tank" anywhere near empty, but it's wasteful to recycle it while it's still 20% charged.

      I think this is a really clever idea. Batteries (even lithium ones) have terrible energy per kg densities. Aluminum is used as rocket fuel because of its high energy per kg density. Combining the two helps offset their disadvantages (weight for batteries, recharging for aluminum).

      As for driving around with your aluminum "emergency tank" near empty, there's no reason it has to be a single aluminum "battery". You could break it up into 4 banks which "discharge" sequentially. Every couple months you'd replace a single 25 kg bank which got used every time the lithium battery was discharged. After a weekend trip to Grandma's you'd replace two of them. After a particularly long vacation road trip you'd replace three, and move the half-discharged fourth to the first slot so it'd be emptied first. If the design is really clever you wouldn't have to physically move it to the first slot. A sensor could determine how much pure aluminum was left in each bank, and automatically draw from the most-discharged one first. Heck, if you knew you weren't going to go on a long trip you could remove all but one of the banks to save energy by reducing vehicle weight.

      And 25 kg banks are small and light enough that you could manually swap them in as needed. We're not talking about something volatile like sulfuric acid (used in lead acid batteries). It's just a block of aluminum - might be dangerous in an extremely hot fire, but is otherwise inert. If you're planning a 5k cross-country trip, you could just swap out banks at a Pep Boys halfway through your trip. If you're planning a 5k trip to Alaska, you could just pack a few extra banks in your trunk. After you account for efficiencies, aluminum (31 MJ/kg) @ 90% electric motor efficiency has over twice the energy density of gasoline (42.4 MJ/kg) @ 30% ICE efficiency.

    49. Re:haha. they call if "charging the battery" by drinkypoo · · Score: 2

      Sure in an old car, not in a newer one. Most new cars recommend greater then 6k miles.

      Ask someone who is working in the trade and they will always tell you different. If you're not having oil analysis done, don't trust any of that shit. Replace oil at 5k and trans oil at 15k regardless of manufacturer's suggestions. The incredibly long intervals are always lies. GM Dex-cool coolant is supposed to last five years, it's a damned lie. Audi wants you to believe you will never have to change the fluid in the trans in the A8, that's an outrageous lie that can cost you thousands. And the companies that sell you oil want you to believe that an oil with as much as 80% traditional petro stock in it is a "full synthetic".

      Did you even read the article?

      You must be new here. It's irrelevant to this conversation anyway. The company that made your car would like to sell you another one. Change your oil.

      --
      "You're right," Fisheye says. "I should have set it on 'whip' or 'chop.'"
    50. Re:haha. they call if "charging the battery" by AaronW · · Score: 1

      I followed the recommendation of my 1991 Ford Probe which recommended an oil change every 7500 miles. I never had any issues with the engine though I also used synthetic oil.

      My father went 80,000 miles without changing the oil in his 1966 Pontiac Sprint-Tempest LeMans which he had converted to run on propane during the gasoline crisis in the 1970s. He ran Mobile 1 and when he drained it the oil was clear and the engine was still at the tight end of the factory spec. He still has the car with over 225,000 miles on the original engine.

      Modern engines have much tighter tolerances and many can easily handle 7500 miles between changed since fewer contaminantes make it into the oil. The reason my father was able to go 80K miles without changing it is that propane does not create the contaminates that you get from gasoline or diesel.

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    51. Re:haha. they call if "charging the battery" by AaronW · · Score: 1

      Companies like Tesla can already do automated battery swaps. I can see them offering this on long trips. You pull in to swap your li-ion battery with an aluminum battery then swap back when you return.

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      This post is encrypted twice with ROT-13. Documenting or attempting to crack this encryption is illegal.
    52. Re:haha. they call if "charging the battery" by AaronW · · Score: 1

      I could see this being successful for a company like Tesla. They already have hot-swappable batteries. For most driving one would just use the li-ion battery. For long distance travel one could swap it for an aluminum battery then swap back to the original li-ion battery on the return trip.

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      This post is encrypted twice with ROT-13. Documenting or attempting to crack this encryption is illegal.
    53. Re:haha. they call if "charging the battery" by DigiShaman · · Score: 1

      They would rat me out. This is not good because then I would be forced to expose my hairy chest and expose my golden cape. Using my psychokinetic powers, none would survive. Though I have yet to figure out the jock itch that results from it.

      Me, serious? Serious is for suckers!

      --
      Life is not for the lazy.
    54. Re:haha. they call if "charging the battery" by Mr+D+from+63 · · Score: 1

      Hydrogen is a loser. I'm just a 'practical solution' guy.

    55. Re:haha. they call if "charging the battery" by Immerman · · Score: 1

      Okay, I'll chime in here with some numbers - from the Wikipedia article on energy density
      31.0 MJ/kg --- 83.8 MJ/L - Aluminum
      46.4 MJ/kg --- 34.2 MJ/L - Gasoline
      ~0.6 MJ/kg --- ~1.8 MJ/L - Lithium ion
      So aluminum has 66% of the specific energy of gasoline, and 2.45x the energy density, so the numbers can easily be ridiculous by battery standards

      Converting joules to kWh we get 8.6kWh/kg, or 860kWh/100kg. If we assume the battery is mostly aluminum and the aluminum gets completely oxidized, 600kWh would be easily achievable.

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      --- Most topics have many sides worth arguing, allow me to take one opposite you.
    56. Re:haha. they call if "charging the battery" by Immerman · · Score: 1

      Exactly. I could even see a lot of potential for such batteries outside the automotive industry, if the cost per kWh could be brought down anywhere comparable to gasoline. RV camping? Off-grid living? Hell, it'd be awesome for power tools if you could make them small enough. If we're taking something on the order of 50x the capacity of Li-Ion then suddenly electric chainsaws become viable in the woods.

      --
      --- Most topics have many sides worth arguing, allow me to take one opposite you.
    57. Re:haha. they call if "charging the battery" by Mr+D+from+63 · · Score: 1

      Yes, that is reasonable. I made an error and used the wrong numbers when I concluded that my original estimate of 600kWh/100kg was too high. If you trust wiki, the 'optimal theoretical ' achievable energy densities for Al-Air batteries is 6000-8000 wh/kg, or 600-800 Kwh/100g.

      I should have stood by my first estimate of 600kWh/100kg , although it appears that it is still on the optimistic side. Achievable, but I would not say "easily" achievable.

    58. Re:haha. they call if "charging the battery" by Immerman · · Score: 1

      Hmm, on further thought mass could be an issue though - air batteries have the unusual property of becoming heavier as they discharge. Alumina is almost twice as heavy as pure aluminum (AL2=54amu, O3=48amu), so those 25kg batteries could be pushing 40+kg when drained - which might be getting just a little too heavy to be removed by hand, especially if tucked into out-of-the-way corners of the car. And being manually replaceable is probably an important feature for widespread adoption. It rather changes the market dynamics when any auto shop can keep a couple batteries around that can be easily replaced by hand, rather than needing special equipment to replace them.

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      --- Most topics have many sides worth arguing, allow me to take one opposite you.
    59. Re:haha. they call if "charging the battery" by Immerman · · Score: 1

      Absolutely - but you need to factor in other factors than cost. Convenience and reliability for example. And there's not exactly a lot of competition:Other current options are basically a hydrogen fuel cell (highly expensive, and you have the hydrogen containment issues to deal with, also expensive) or gasoline or natural gas generator, which can be temperamental when rarely used, have significant crash- and fire-safety considerations, require routine maintenance, and aren't exactly cheap either. Not to mention being significantly less mass- and volume-1 efficient than aluminum, even if you ignore the generator and tank. Meanwhile an aluminum-air battery could conceivably be strapped into the passenger seat for all the fire hazard it presents.
      46.4 MJ/kg --- 34.2 MJ/L - Gasoline (@30% efficiency= 14, 10)
      31.0 MJ/kg --- 83.8 MJ/L - Aluminum (@90% efficiency= 28, 75)

      The question would seem to be how cheaply these batteries cores can be recycled compared to the energy costs. If for example it's basically a stack of thin stamped aluminum baffles it could conceivably be relatively inexpensive to produce.

      --
      --- Most topics have many sides worth arguing, allow me to take one opposite you.
    60. Re:haha. they call if "charging the battery" by Mr+D+from+63 · · Score: 1

      The question would seem to be how cheaply these batteries cores can be recycled compared to the energy costs.

      Which is exactly the intent of the question I led off with. Knowing the total process cost is key, and you have to understand the efficiency of the cycle to determine that cost, because the "stored" energy is the central element to the process.

      Then you can balance against other solutions and the various 'functional' benefits of each approach.

    61. Re:haha. they call if "charging the battery" by matfud · · Score: 1

      Yep I have no idea what the cost would be. Processing ores is expensive. recycling Al is much cheaper.
      But the current cost of Al gives an upper bound on the costs of "recharging" this battery.
        It is not that expensive as a raw material.

      Maufacturing it into the battery will cost more but the cost vs enery required to make it is pretty good.
      .

    62. Re:haha. they call if "charging the battery" by Mr+D+from+63 · · Score: 1

      Once the actual recycle/build cost is known and proven to be reasonable, we'd have to consider the other process costs come which in to play, which include shipping the batteries back to the smelting/manufacturing plant, the shipping back out to the outlet stations all over the country. A cost other solutions may or may not entail.

      Some solutions may require a distributed shops and technicians to perform a swap. Conversely, something a consumer could take care of as a 'self service' without a shop would be less costly to initially deploy.

    63. Re:haha. they call if "charging the battery" by MooseMiester · · Score: 1

      Other stories on the web, if you bother to Google aluminum air battery, make less aggressive claims. These articles seem to indicate you need to water the batteries every 200 miles, not every few weeks,

      That being said it's good to see progress in batteries.

      --
      Murphy was an optimist
  3. Automatic swap by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2

    With an automatic swap system on gas stations, it might provide an instant refuelling, something impossible with fixed lithium batteries currently. Possibly it might make sense to standarise such a swapping machine, and a respective battery compartment, before multiple standards arise -- one machine for a hydrogen cell, aluminium battery etc.

    1. Re: Automatic swap by AvitarX · · Score: 2

      I'm all for standards, but I don't think battery shape, size, and placement for a car is a good thing to standardize. Too limiting for design I'd predict.

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    2. Re: Automatic swap by silas_moeckel · · Score: 1

      If it's a 15 minute change out at any garage with a lift, it's a potential alternative to renting a car for a long trip.

      --
      No sir I dont like it.
    3. Re: Automatic swap by rioki · · Score: 1

      Or ditch batteries altogether and fill a tank of hydrogen and run the electric car off a fuel cell.

    4. Re: Automatic swap by netwiz · · Score: 1

      Exactly since when have auto manufacturers standardized on anything? Go to AutoZone. Look at the oil filters. There are literally dozens, and that's a pretty common part. Hell, there's not even such a thing as a standard oil. Manufacturers have _never_ created a standard part, everything is unique by brand and model, and I just don't see this being any different. Exactly how large a battery are we talking here? Maybe, if the range was 5000km, it might be useful, because that's about the range of a severe-duty oil change interval, but I guarantee that it won't be as cheap as an oil change.

    5. Re: Automatic swap by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      I am not sure, if new systems would allow for "filling a tank" of such a substance as hydrogen on a gas station. Hydrogen in a cell must be either very cool or very pressurised. It might turn out to be much safer to store extra-durable hydrogen cartridges, instead of a giant tank that requires pouring of hydrogen into cars.

    6. Re: Automatic swap by silas_moeckel · · Score: 1

      Do you have any idea how big of a fuel cell you would need to run a car? Forget the issues with hydrogen, why would you want to convert to electric then to mechanical motion? Yea it's more efficient use of the hydrogen but it's also a ton of weight and volume.

      --
      No sir I dont like it.
    7. Re:Automatic swap by beefoot · · Score: 1

      How about battery swapping drones flying along major highway. If you need a sway, just wave at them.

    8. Re:Automatic swap by Barsteward · · Score: 1

      yep, waving at them while driving will make you sway..

      --
      "The hands that help are better far than lips that pray." - Robert Ingersoll (1833-1899)
    9. Re: Automatic swap by geekoid · · Score: 1

      A) They have to be sure any part is available for the car for a set number of years.

      B) will it be cheaper then an oil change and the gas?

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    10. Re: Automatic swap by bobbied · · Score: 1

      Or ditch batteries altogether and fill a tank of hydrogen and run the electric car off a fuel cell.

      No no... CNG is where it's at. Hydrogen gas comes from Natural Gas anyway (when you produce it on an industrial scale) so if you are willing to live with the issues of running hydrogen, just run CNG in your existing car. All the cost savings and environmental advantages of hydrogen, but you don't have to change anything else you are used to.

      Almost all internal combustion engines in cars and trucks today can be converted to run on CNG with very little effort. Usually it's just an alternative set of fuel injectors with some wiring, hoses to deliver the fuel and a pressure regulator and an alternative engine controller to trigger the injectors. You might want to run some hardened valve seats and valves for durability, but that's just because CNG runs so clean there is little carbon to coat things and cut down wear.

      --
      "File to fit, pound to insert, paint to match" - Aircraft Maintenance 101
    11. Re: Automatic swap by bobbied · · Score: 1

      Actually, go to your local Quickie Oil change place and check out how many different kinds of Oil filters they actually use. I dare say that they have maybe 5 types they routinely use and about 80% of that comes from 2 or three. This is true because there are only a few engine manufacturers in the world.

      So I think auto manufacturers do a lot of standardization, but it's mostly out of economic convenience and not a desire to conform.

      --
      "File to fit, pound to insert, paint to match" - Aircraft Maintenance 101
    12. Re: Automatic swap by Immerman · · Score: 2

      Unless your primary is considerably cheaper or more convenient than the backup - like say it were conveniently rechargeable from any power outlet instead of needing to replace a large battery.

      --
      --- Most topics have many sides worth arguing, allow me to take one opposite you.
    13. Re: Automatic swap by Immerman · · Score: 1

      Well that depends. I would imagine a standard battery maybe a several gallons in volume (something easily manageable by one person) would have minimal design compromises - just include as few or many as you wish, wherever you wish in your design. And a standardized battery would mean you could get replacements pretty much anywhere. Remember the old days before everything had expensive custom batteries, when a drawer full of AA's C's and D's would power pretty much anything, and you could buy them anywhere? Now consider that whereas lithium-ion is only roughly comparable (though several times better than NiMh) aluminum has ~50x the specific energy, and ~40x the energy density of alkaline batteries. Admittedly that's the raw metal, not a full battery, but the potential should be obvious. Depending on the price I could see them taking off for lots of things outside the automotive industry as well.

      --
      --- Most topics have many sides worth arguing, allow me to take one opposite you.
    14. Re:Automatic swap by Firethorn · · Score: 1

      Impossible with fixed lithium batteries?

      I guess the Tesla Model S's batteries aren't 'fixed' then.

      --
      I don't read AC A human right
    15. Re: Automatic swap by Firethorn · · Score: 1

      There are literally dozens, and that's a pretty common part.

      Air filters are worse. My Toyota Tacoma uses the same oil filter as my Saturn SC2 did. A truck using the same filter as a coupe? Tha'ts interesting.

      I wonder how many oil filters you'd need if you looked only at new build cars today. Would you find that you can cover 90% of vehicles with about 6 filters? 2 for 4 cylinders, 2 for six, and 2 for eight*?

      Just picking on Fram -
      Honda Accord/Civic/Crosstour/CR-Z: 7317
      Subaru Impreza/Legacy: 7317
      Nissan GT-R: 7317
      Nissan 370Z/Altima/Juke/Maxima/: 6607
      Toyota Avalon/Camry: 9972
      Ford Fiesta/Focus/Fusion/Taurus: 3614
      BMW 300-600, Z series: 10075 (11007 otherwise)

      That's an awful lot of cars on 6 filters, and most car manufacturers only seem to use 1-2 filters for their car line.

      Looking at TGH3614(my filter), it's used by 34 makers(note that cars/light truck are mostly counted separately). Chrysler LOVES it, 23 model lines use it(over years, admittedly). Dodge and Toyota does as well.

      *With some crossover between 6 and 8.

      --
      I don't read AC A human right
    16. Re: Automatic swap by Enigma2175 · · Score: 2

      Exactly since when have auto manufacturers standardized on anything? Go to AutoZone. Look at the oil filters. There are literally dozens, and that's a pretty common part. Hell, there's not even such a thing as a standard oil. Manufacturers have _never_ created a standard part, everything is unique by brand and model, and I just don't see this being any different. Exactly how large a battery are we talking here? Maybe, if the range was 5000km, it might be useful, because that's about the range of a severe-duty oil change interval, but I guarantee that it won't be as cheap as an oil change.

      Auto manufacturers standardize when they are required to. A much better analogy would be the fuel fill port on a gasoline car. Although there are a number of different fuel door and cap designs, the design of the actual fuel fill port is the same on all unleaded-powered cars. The design of the pump nozzles that fill them is also standardized.

      Swappable batteries make a lot of sense, especially if they are modular. Smaller cars could have 2 modules (with a bay for a third for longer trips), SUVs/trucks could have 3 or 4 scaling up to semi-trucks who could have 10 or 15 packs in parallel. Smaller modules would be easier to handle during swaps and would provide greater flexibility than swapping monolithic packs. This aluminium technology would fit right into such a system, before you take a long trip you could go have your day-to-day packs swapped out for some long-range aluminium packs so that you can do your whole trip without recharging.

      --

      Enigma

    17. Re:Automatic swap by Blakey+Rat · · Score: 1

      That won't happen, because I'd never want to put some random dude's old leaky-ass battery in my brand new car.

      Yes I know the batteries would be "inspected" by someone, but there's a huge trust barrier there when a $50,000 car can be ruined by a $50 battery swap. (Or whatever it ends up costing.)

      This is one of those ideas that big-brained engineers love, but the general public will never embrace.

  4. Getting better by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    Well, the technology is getting better, but it's still not there. And why does tiny little war torn israel always seem to have cutting edge technology but we can't make OR EVEN BUY the technology here in the U.S.?

    1. Re:Getting better by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Isreal wish to strategically extract themselves (and everyone else) from oil dependence for obvious reasons. The US government (read: energy companies) does not have the same goal.

    2. Re:Getting better by Dcnjoe60 · · Score: 1

      Well, the technology is getting better, but it's still not there. And why does tiny little war torn israel always seem to have cutting edge technology but we can't make OR EVEN BUY the technology here in the U.S.?

      Maybe the billions of dollars that the US gives them has something to do with it?

    3. Re:Getting better by phozz+bare · · Score: 1

      I keep hearing this argument. It's annoying. The US gives Israel billions of dollars' worth in equipment for the military, not money. So the Israeli army uses American jets, ammunition and Microsoft software (yay for the NSA) on its computers. If you think this somehow translates to other money being freed to be invested in high tech, well, if that were the case we wouldn't have companies preferring to set up shop in Cyprus (such as Viber) due to better economic incentives. Finally if American dollars translate into technology development you'd expect the Egyptians to have flying cars by now, which isn't quite the case.

      Why is it so hard for some people to accept that there are a lot of smart, creative, entrepreneurial, out-of-the-box thinking people in Israel?

    4. Re:Getting better by Dcnjoe60 · · Score: 1

      I keep hearing this argument. It's annoying. The US gives Israel billions of dollars' worth in equipment for the military, not money. So the Israeli army uses American jets, ammunition and Microsoft software (yay for the NSA) on its computers. If you think this somehow translates to other money being freed to be invested in high tech, well, if that were the case we wouldn't have companies preferring to set up shop in Cyprus (such as Viber) due to better economic incentives. Finally if American dollars translate into technology development you'd expect the Egyptians to have flying cars by now, which isn't quite the case.

      Why is it so hard for some people to accept that there are a lot of smart, creative, entrepreneurial, out-of-the-box thinking people in Israel?

      It makes no difference if the US gives Israel cash or hardware. Either way, Israel is not spending $X on jets, munitions, etc., which means that money they would spend on their defense is on other things, like research. It's not just Israel, Japan is similar. When countries don't have to pay the full cost of their defense, the funds that would have been used for that defense can be used for other expenditures or the taxes that would have needed to have been collected to pay for their defense don't have to be collected (which is a big boon to their economies).

      I don't find it hard to accept that there are a lot of smart, creative, entrepreneurial out-of-the-box thinking people in Israel. However, I also think they are in the US and most other places. Israel doesn't have a lock on that talent. As such, there must be some other factor involved and if Israel had to collect billions more in taxes to cover their own defense, it is likely that those smart, creative entrepreneurials would move their businesses somewhere else.

    5. Re:Getting better by phozz+bare · · Score: 1

      So let's just assume for the sake of argument that Israel wasn't surrounded by hostile neighbors and did not require its present defense budget. In that case it would neither require nor receive US aid. The Israeli technology sector would still exist as it is (except perhaps the weapons industry, which is not the subject here), but the US aid is now out of the equation. What would you then claim is the sinister "other factor" fueling Israeli tech?

    6. Re:Getting better by phozz+bare · · Score: 1

      What...?

    7. Re:Getting better by Dcnjoe60 · · Score: 1

      So let's just assume for the sake of argument that Israel wasn't surrounded by hostile neighbors and did not require its present defense budget. In that case it would neither require nor receive US aid. The Israeli technology sector would still exist as it is (except perhaps the weapons industry, which is not the subject here), but the US aid is now out of the equation. What would you then claim is the sinister "other factor" fueling Israeli tech?

      You sound like you think I am anti-Israel. I am not. But the reality is that because Israel receives a large amount of aid from the US so they don't have raise the money from their own citizens, means that the country has an advantage it would not otherwise have. The reasons the US does this are many and not really the point. The only issue, which you seem to want to ignore is whether or not being free from having to pay the full cost to defend their country gives them an advantage on other spending. As I stated previously, Japan is in a similar situation with the US providing military protection there (since WWII). Like Israel, the dollars that would have been removed from the economy to fund the military have been left intact and are available for all sorts of projects including R&D.

      In any country, there is only so much money to be used to pay for everything. If the military takes a big cut, less is left for R&D. If social programs take a big cut, less is left for R&D. On the other hand, the more money poured into R&D, the more innovation occurs, whether in Israel or anywhere else.

    8. Re:Getting better by phozz+bare · · Score: 1

      Your question would be valid if the US aid was a significant percentage of the Israeli economy. Google "us aid israel gdp", skim through a couple of articles and realize that while in the past US aid has been invaluable - and Israel is very grateful for it - at present it is a pittance and in the opinion of many experts not worth the costs involved (and one of the costs is having people with opinions such as yours). If Israel lost all US aid overnight and for some reason decided to continue spending that same amount of money on US equipment (rather than, say, switch to Linux, buy lower-cost weaponry from other countries etc.) taxes would rise by about one percent. Yeah, it would make headlines for a few days and people would bicker and complain like they always do and that would be that.

    9. Re:Getting better by Dcnjoe60 · · Score: 1

      Your question would be valid if the US aid was a significant percentage of the Israeli economy. Google "us aid israel gdp", skim through a couple of articles and realize that while in the past US aid has been invaluable - and Israel is very grateful for it - at present it is a pittance and in the opinion of many experts not worth the costs involved (and one of the costs is having people with opinions such as yours). If Israel lost all US aid overnight and for some reason decided to continue spending that same amount of money on US equipment (rather than, say, switch to Linux, buy lower-cost weaponry from other countries etc.) taxes would rise by about one percent. Yeah, it would make headlines for a few days and people would bicker and complain like they always do and that would be that.

      Okay, I concede - Israelis are the brightest, fastest, strongest, most attractive and endowed people on the planet and nobody else comes close. The rest of the world is so very lucky to eat the scraps that fall from their table. Happy, now?

      It's bigoted to put other groups down, but it is also bigoted to hold one's group as superior to any other, too.

    10. Re:Getting better by phozz+bare · · Score: 1

      Where did I say that the Israelis are superior to any other group? And in what culture is it considered bigotry to express pride of your own group's accomplishments? Cause it sure ain't so in the United WE'RE NUMBER ONE! States of America.

      Suppose one would ask something like "why does the USA always get the gold medals in the Olympics running competitions?", to which someone would respond simply, "well, there are a lot of fast runners in America". This could lead to an interesting discussion as to why there are many fast runners in America, or what would attract particularly fast runners to immigrate to America. Or, someone like you would label the answerer a bigot, ending the discussion.

      Anyway my claims were intended to counter your false accusations of an uneven playing field. Your sarcastic response indicates your views are unchanged despite having no factual basis. Is there further point to this discussion? I believe no one else is reading.

  5. Public transport by should_be_linear · · Score: 2

    This is great for public transport. Changing units every 3000 Km is non-issue there. Vehicles are in the garage over night anyway...

    --
    839*929
    1. Re:Public transport by Mr+D+from+63 · · Score: 1

      Until they tell us the expected cost, which is conveniently omitted, I'm gonna assume its not "great" for anything.

      If vehicles can be charged every night, it is less likely they would this technology to start with. For public transportation, its easy to plan around range.

      I could see some military applications, where they want a long range electric vehicle for certain types of missions, ready to go without a gas supply. Cost is usually less of a factor that functionality for these applications.

    2. Re:Public transport by TheRaven64 · · Score: 1

      Public transport is already easy to do with conventional batteries. Between overhead power lines and induction charging at bus stops, there are ample opportunities to top up the batteries during the day.

      --
      I am TheRaven on Soylent News
  6. Re:3000km is not a lot in the U.S. . . . . by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    Classic first-world problems... God forbid you should ever have to look after a horse, dude.

  7. Not ideal by netwiz · · Score: 1

    At 3000km, that's shorter than even a severe-duty oil change interval. One long trip and it's done. Seriously, say I wanted to drive from Dallas to Las Vegas; the battery lasts just long enough to get me there in one shot. Sure, the rechargable pack lasts long enough for the short drives once I'm there, but the return trip is going to suck with the repeated stops for recharging, especially with the lack of SuperCharger stations along the way. So by the end of 2015 I'll be able to make it, according to Tesla, but what do I do until then? I suppose if I can afford a Model S I'm probably affluent enough to pick up a plane ticket instead?

    This "battery swap" is going to be nowhere near cheap, and we're talking about adding 220lbs to an already relatively porky sedan. I think I like my chances with next-gen rechargables better than this.

    1. Re:Not ideal by ceoyoyo · · Score: 1

      Dallas to Las Vegas would require about two thirds of the battery.

    2. Re:Not ideal by fodder69 · · Score: 1

      Oh, you're right, you found a situation that it isn't ideal for. Forget it, just throw in the towel, it won't work for this guy to go blow money in Las Vegas so let's just forget the whole idea.

      And 220lbs? I bet you have relatives heavier than that so subtract one passenger.

      And what next-gen rechargable are we waiting for that is going to be perfect for this use case?

    3. Re:Not ideal by necro81 · · Score: 1

      say I wanted to drive from Dallas to Las Vegas

      Why on Earth would you want to do that to yourself?

    4. Re:Not ideal by geekoid · · Score: 1

      "This "battery swap" is going to be nowhere near cheap,"
      You have no idea.
      I could just as easily say:
      "Battery swaps will be part of the purchase price and take 2 minutes."

      --
      The Kruger Dunning explains most post on /. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunning%E2%80%93Kruger_effect
    5. Re:Not ideal by rjstanford · · Score: 1

      Seriously, say I wanted to drive from Dallas to Las Vegas; the battery lasts just long enough to get me there in one shot. Sure, the rechargable pack lasts long enough for the short drives once I'm there, but the return trip is going to suck with the repeated stops for recharging, especially with the lack of SuperCharger stations along the way.

      Or you could rent a gas-powered car for a few days, allowing you to spend far less on your daily driver while still providing you with full road trip range (and letting you optimize both vehicles; its likely that you'd want a different sized car for each purpose, for example).

      --
      You're special forces then? That's great! I just love your olympics!
    6. Re:Not ideal by Brett+Buck · · Score: 1

      Or, just jump on a stagecoach pulled by unicorns. If you don't mind getting rainbow sparkles on your clothes, it's a good way to go.

    7. Re:Not ideal by Firethorn · · Score: 1

      Sure, the rechargable pack lasts long enough for the short drives once I'm there, but the return trip is going to suck

      Or, you know, you stop at a local station IN Vegas and have your battery swapped there for the trip back. Do you expect to be able to drive that far without visiting a gas station?

      --
      I don't read AC A human right
    8. Re:Not ideal by BranMan · · Score: 1

      I guess they call it a battery as the output from it is electricity, like a battery, not mechanical motion, like an engine.

  8. Re:3000km is not a lot in the U.S. . . . . by AGMW · · Score: 4, Funny

    Damn. Yeah, good point. Shame really, 'cos them Israeli boffins have been working so hard on it and now they've got to just stop and do something else 'cos your commute is too long. You know, I bet they're kicking themselves for not asking you about your commute first 'cos they could've saved themselves the bother!
    PAH! 3000km! 3000 schkilometers I say! Not to menschion we don't even have any kilometers in the US anyway.

    --
    Eclectic beats from Leeds, UK
    handmadehands.co.uk
  9. A battery that the user can't recharge themselves by Rosco+P.+Coltrane · · Score: 1

    and needs swapping and "charging" in a factory sounds very much like a non-rechargeable battery.

    With that concept, you could very easily have electric cars powered with a very large number of alcaline batteries, and "charging stations" in which you change the alcaline batteries.

    --
    "A door is what a dog is perpetually on the wrong side of" - Ogden Nash
  10. Re:3000km is not a lot in the U.S. . . . . by manu144x · · Score: 1

    100 kg? Do you know the weight of an V6 ICE engine? Transmission? 4x4 systems? 100 kg is not that much...

  11. Re:Summary wrong about weigth by Mr+D+from+63 · · Score: 1

    They are both correct, since the assumption is that you do not remove the existing battery, you just temporarily add the AI battery.

    Unsigh!

  12. Re:3000km is not a lot in the U.S. . . . . by guises · · Score: 3, Informative

    No... a 50 km commute could easily be handled by your lithium battery. So you would need zero of these per year of that's all that you were doing. This is a range extender - a way to shut up all those people who keep complaining that the 300 mile range of the Model S is just unacceptable. You don't even need a Model S though, you'd do just fine in a Leaf.

  13. Re:3000km is not a lot in the U.S. . . . . by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    You just named 3 things an electric car isn't going to have.

  14. This is a great idea by DrXym · · Score: 1
    I suppose it depends how environmentally friendly it is to make / recycle this aluminium battery, how safe it is, how reliable it is and how much dealers charge to replace one with another. But in principle it's a good idea.

    I bet a lot of potential EV owners are put off range anxiety - that idea that every once in a while they'll have to do a really long trip and they can't because the battery won't take them far enough and will take hours to recharge. Probably the rest of the time they only need the battery power to do 30-100 miles between charges. If cars carried less batteries then they'd cost less, weigh less and be more efficient too. The backup might last some people years before it was fully used up but its there if they need it.

    1. Re:This is a great idea by fodder69 · · Score: 1

      I actually bet more potential EV owners are put out by the cost of the car initially than anything else. I always hear about long trip anxiety but they have these places where you can go and rent a gas car pretty cheaply for long trips. I have even heard of people doing that so they don't put miles on their regular car! Crazy.

      But when you can buy a reliable used car for $10K it's hard for me to justify going out and dropping 30K for a new EV car.

    2. Re:This is a great idea by Archwyrm · · Score: 1

      Presumeably you will be able to buy a reliable, used EV for $10K in a few years. Probably add a couple $Ks for some fresh batteries, but that shouldn't be bad considering the money saved over gasoline.

      --
      Fascism should more properly be called corporatism because it is the merger of state and corporate power. -- Mussolini
    3. Re:This is a great idea by DrXym · · Score: 1
      EVs shove in a large number of batteries to extend the range to alleviate range anxiety. If the car has a backup battery for extended journeys then the number of rechargables can come down and so can the cost. This sounds like a good idea all round, provisos notwithstanding.

      I've always thought that weight and expense was pure EV's biggest issue. I think hybrid solutions (including this battery) are a far more sensible.

  15. Re:3000km is not a lot in the U.S. . . . . by AmiMoJo · · Score: 1

    I'm wondering who would really bother with it though. 260 miles from a Tesla battery and 50 minute charge time covers 99% of use cases, and is going to be much more convenient than going to a dealer to have the battery replaced every every 3000 miles.

    --
    const int one = 65536; (Silvermoon, Texture.cs)
    SJW, n: "Someone I don't like, and by the way I'm a fuckwit" - AC
  16. Re:3000km is not a lot in the U.S. . . . . by c · · Score: 2

    When I worked in one inner suburb of a medium-sized city, and lived in another, I commuted about 50km each way, 100km in total, and hence 3000km over the course of a little over a month.

    It's an add-on to a pure-electric car to extend the range. The Nissan Leaf, for example, is rated at at least 120km/charge. So, in theory you'd never actually draw on this magic battery for your daily driving. It'd only be if you had longer trips or weren't able to plug in one night, etc.

    The average commute in North America is well within the range of a plug-in electric vehicle, and this thing is just icing/insurance. There's going to be outliers, but if we routinely killed ideas because they didn't work for 100% of possible scenarios, we'd still be shivering naked in caves (fur being too darned hot for those in warmer climates...)

    --
    Log in or piss off.
  17. Re:3000km is not a lot in the U.S. . . . . by Virtucon · · Score: 1

    Horses are largely self maintaining, throw a bail of hay out or give them a pasture and water you're good most of the time. Of course there's usual vet visits and horse shoes etc. but A horse doesn't need a set of shoes every month. They also have limited range and emissions problems. Also when they truly come to end of life, it takes a lot of effort to clean up the mess.

    --
    Harrison's Postulate - "For every action there is an equal and opposite criticism"
  18. Re:3000km is not a lot in the U.S. . . . . by Joey+Vegetables · · Score: 2

    OK, sorry, my fault for not carefully RTFA. I did not mention that while my family and I do drive a great deal, almost all of it is within 75km of home. This *plus* a standard battery probably handles my situation, plus the occasional longer road trip, just fine.

  19. It's a real issue. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Interesting

    I wonder whether anyone will remember doing this sort of maintenance (filling the tap water part) without some sort of big warning or display somewhere.

    I have an antique electric tractor. It's 41 years old and runs great, with almost zero maintenance; it uses about 20 cents worth of electricity to mow an acre of grass. If I replace the motor brushes every 30 years, and periodically wash out and maintain the corrosion-prone battery compartment, it will last forever.

    But the achilles heel of these machines is battery maintenance, which consists of watering the big lead acid batteries and properly charging them. There are no mysteries in this process, and no great difficulties - you just have to remember to do it, and the batteries simply will not forgive forgetfulness. Properly cared for batteries can easily last twelve years, but it's very common for people to ruin a $600+ set of batteries in two years or less, simply from a lack of mindfulness. That changes the economics of it, which are heavily front-loaded. If your batteries last ten years, the tractor is much cheaper to own and operate than a gasser, but if you destroy your pack in two years, you waste that huge upfront battery investment and take a financial beating.

    The Toyota Prius's NiMH battery packs were designed with this human reality in mind; the intelligent battery management electronics are the key to that car's success. Tesla took it one step further; they not only have intelligent battery management that does not require functioning user brain cells, they also built a high cell count charging system that allows rapid charging without compromising battery capacities.

    Depending on humans to do battery maintenance doesn't work, in practice, except in the case of engineering geeks who are not even slightly behaviorally representative of the species as a whole.

    1. Re:It's a real issue. by Mr+D+from+63 · · Score: 2

      The electric tractor thing is pretty cool, particularly considering the failure of the "Raven" recently sold a Lowe's but later pulled.

      Excellent points about battery care. Thanks for sharing.

    2. Re:It's a real issue. by camperdave · · Score: 1

      "Depending on humans to do battery maintenance doesn't work,"

      you mean, Depending on average consumer humans to do battery maintenance doesn't work, they can barely maintain a gas car with oil changes and other very simple maintenance.

      And I agree, the average person is way, way, too stupid to remember to take proper care of things.

      I think both of these situations could be easily remedied by putting a "Perform Maintenance" light on the dash. Surely we can cobble together some electronics to sense when the vehicle is due for an oil change or a battery watering.

      --
      When our name is on the back of your car, we're behind you all the way!
    3. Re:It's a real issue. by rjstanford · · Score: 5, Funny

      I'm glad that internal combustion engines don't have any kind of fluids that you need to change every few thousand miles then. Just imagine how impossible a situation that would be, especially if failing to change them could actually damage or destroy the engine! Better to stick with the tried and true.

      In unrelated news I saw another "jiffy lube" going up down the street from my office. When will the homosexual agenda cease their corruption of young minds?

      --
      You're special forces then? That's great! I just love your olympics!
    4. Re:It's a real issue. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      I think both of these situations could be easily remedied by putting a "Perform Maintenance" light on the dash. Surely we can cobble together some electronics to sense when the vehicle is due for an oil change or a battery watering.

      Have you ever listened to Car Talk on NPR? I've seen and heard way too many stories of car owners ignoring check engine lights, flat tires, dripping liquids, and weird sounds emitted from their cars to believe a reminder light is going to make a difference.

    5. Re:It's a real issue. by Belial6 · · Score: 1

      I would go so far as to say that anyone advocating needing to remember as even dumber than those who would forget. We are way past the level of technology where we should have to bother even thinking about trying to remember to maintain the battery.

    6. Re:It's a real issue. by TheNarrator · · Score: 1

      Why don't you just get an AGM Battery. These batteries don't emit hydrogen, don't require watering and won't cause problems if they tip over. Sure they're more expensive, but they're so much easier to work with.

    7. Re:It's a real issue. by R3d+M3rcury · · Score: 1

      It's a worthwhile point, but the difference is that a business opportunity exists for dealing with this because there are so many cars on the road that need just this kind of maintenance.

      Conversely, batteries like this will be pretty rare, so the bi-monthly stop at Jiffy Lube for car maintenance probably isn't happening. Initially, you'll have to keep track of it yourself.

      Still, if these can be installed, an appropriate idiot light, "Hey, battery needs refilling!" would be useful.

    8. Re: It's a real issue. by brianerst · · Score: 1

      And why wouldn't Jiffy Lube itself get in this business? Seems like a pretty natural extension, especially if the tooling costs are reasonable.

    9. Re:It's a real issue. by camperdave · · Score: 1

      It will make a difference a significant portion of vehicle operators, but you're right. Idiots will be idiots.

      --
      When our name is on the back of your car, we're behind you all the way!
    10. Re:It's a real issue. by Lumpy · · Score: 1

      My Sister in law has a car that has the light come on for oil changes. She simply puts tape over that spot so she does not have to look at it.

      --
      Do not look at laser with remaining good eye.
    11. Re:It's a real issue. by ToddInSF · · Score: 1

      It's actually not an issue at all.

      Most every modern vehicle has an A/C climate-control system. Simply take some of the condenser run-off that normally just drips on the ground and run it to the battery water reservoir.

      The entire subsystem can be easily automated and integrated into the vehicles other automated subsystems, it's really not complex at all.

    12. Re:It's a real issue. by MooseMiester · · Score: 1

      You must have a very smooth yard and a very mild winter. The starting battery in my gas lawn tractor (60" deck) lasts no more than two years, and yes, I keep the terminals clean, and check the electrolyte regularly. I bring the battery inside in the winter.

      My yard is not smooth - here in the upper Midwest we have moles... The constant bouncing over the bumpy terrain kills batteries in short order.

      The batteries in the fishing boat are good for no more than three years.

      --
      Murphy was an optimist
  20. And how do we recycle by jfdavis668 · · Score: 1

    All these toxic batteries we are creating?

    1. Re:And how do we recycle by Neil+Boekend · · Score: 1

      They are recycled. That's a main part of the plan. When you have a new one installed the old one is send back to the factory.
      Aluminium-air batteries aren't all that toxic. The main problem is that they are single use only. However, for the once or twice a year 300+ km trip that is not a problem. You add them to your current car if you have a longer trip that the normal battery can't do.

      --
      Well, I might have a way, but it only works on a semi spherical planet in a vacuum.
    2. Re:And how do we recycle by drinkypoo · · Score: 1

      All these toxic batteries we are creating?

      If you are finding batteries to be toxic, please allow me to humbly suggest that you stop eating them.

      --
      "You're right," Fisheye says. "I should have set it on 'whip' or 'chop.'"
    3. Re:And how do we recycle by geekoid · · Score: 1

      If we only knew how to recycle aluminum.

      --
      The Kruger Dunning explains most post on /. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunning%E2%80%93Kruger_effect
    4. Re:And how do we recycle by AaronW · · Score: 1

      And how toxic is aluminum compared to say that lead acid battery found in most cars? Lithium ion batteries are not considered toxic and may be discarded into municipal waste if not charged. The ones in my Tesla are lithium aluminum cobalt which are not considered very toxic. Despite people complaining about the fire risk of the Li-Ion batteries, regular lead-acid batteries are known to catch fire and sometimes explode when shorted out. Improper charging of lead-acid batteries can also build up hydrogen gas inside the battery which can lead to an explosion. Lithium-ion batteries, on the other hand, cannot explode. Aluminum batteries, like lead acid batteries, can also build up hydrogen gas though presumably the batteries are designed with this in mind.

      --
      This post is encrypted twice with ROT-13. Documenting or attempting to crack this encryption is illegal.
  21. Getting better by JBMcB · · Score: 1

    I wouldn't call a disposable aluminum battery the "cutting edge" of technology.

    --
    My Other Computer Is A Data General Nova III.
  22. Read the Article! by Roger+W+Moore · · Score: 5, Interesting

    When I worked in one inner suburb of a medium-sized city, and lived in another, I commuted about 50km each way, 100km in total, and hence 3000km over the course of a little over a month.

    I know it is Slashdot and the summary is misleading about it "adding 100kg over a Tesla battery" but if you actually read the article you would learn that the idea is not to replace the existing Li-ion battery but to have this as well as a reserve. As you point out most people only drive short trips for which a Li-ion battery is well suited. This is just to provide a power for long distance driving.

    However, depending on the cost, since this battery is only 100 kg and the current Tesla battery is 500kg you could imagine completely replacing the Li-ion battery with five of these and having a 15,000 km range which would probably do most people for the best part of a year. This would only work if it is cheap to replace compared to the cost of a Li-ion battery which lasts for 100,000 km and costs $30k. So assuming the cost of electricity to recharge the Li-ion palances with the installation costs of the multiple aluminium battery packs you would require, the cost per aluminium battery would need to be $900. The cost of 100 kg of aluminium (which seems to be the principle component) is $180 for 100 kg so this does not rule out such a price.

    Sadly the killer for this, and all electric cars, is that assuming an internal combustion car uses 6l/100km of petrol the price of petrol would need to reach $5/litre before it became more expensive than the cost of battery or about a factor 4 higher than it currently is in Canada. Still give it a few more years of declining battery costs and increasing oil prices and we will finally be there!

    1. Re:Read the Article! by Jabrwock · · Score: 1

      I know it is Slashdot and the summary is misleading about it "adding 100kg over a Tesla battery" but if you actually read the article you would learn that the idea is not to replace the existing Li-ion battery but to have this as well as a reserve. As you point out most people only drive short trips for which a Li-ion battery is well suited. This is just to provide a power for long distance driving.

      Or, you know, if people would just actually read the summary, which states that the Li-ion battery would still be retained for short-range trips... :P

      I'm sure I could have worded the 100kg bit better to state that the 100kg is IN ADDITION TO the existing weight of the Li-ion battery... but I guess ./'s editors are only interested in correcting my submission title...

      --
      Magic doesn't work in my presence. My power of disbelief is too strong.
    2. Re:Read the Article! by eth1 · · Score: 1

      I think the best use might just be to eliminate range anxiety. Take your Tesla example - replace 100kg worth of Li-ion battery with 100kg of this new one. Now you have 4/5 the easily rechargeable range (which is still more than most people need on a daily basis), but, as long as the Al battery is stable long term, if you run down the Li-ion, or need to take a long trip, you can keep going. All without increasing the overall weight.

    3. Re:Read the Article! by Roger+W+Moore · · Score: 1

      If the Al battery is much more expensive than the Li-ion per km I would agree. However if it is cheaper per km that the Li-ion, or even slightly more expensive, who would not prefer an electric car which needs charging ~twice a year over one which you have to constantly remember to plug in?

    4. Re:Read the Article! by swillden · · Score: 1

      If the cost is about the same, it might even be worth considering, say, four 5 kg Al batteries with 600 km range. Then you'd refuel about as often as you do with a gasoline engine, but you'd do it by swapping out solid objects which are light enough to be easily managed by the average person.

      My expectation is that rechargeable batteries plus recharging is cheaper, though. Still a combination of Li-ion for daily use plus Al for longer-range would make a lot of sense and be a lot cheaper and lighter than a hybrid with much the same range characteristics -- especially if you could swap Al batteries at a standard fuel station.

      --
      Note to ACs: I usually delete AC replies without reading them. If you want to talk to me, log in.
    5. Re:Read the Article! by GreatDrok · · Score: 1

      "Sadly the killer for this, and all electric cars, is that assuming an internal combustion car uses 6l/100km of petrol the price of petrol would need to reach $5/litre before it became more expensive than the cost of battery or about a factor 4 higher than it currently is in Canada. Still give it a few more years of declining battery costs and increasing oil prices and we will finally be there!"

      My relatively modern and efficient regular internal combustion car can do about 7l/100Km on a run (2.3 Mazda 6 wagon) but typically it gets nearer 10l/100Km for combined driving. Fuel at the moment costs $2.30 a litre for 95 octane super (required by the car because I've tried 91 and it pinks like mad) so the numbers here in NZ are getting pretty close.

      Personally, I use a motorcycle which returns 4l/100Km in heavy traffic and doesn't get stuck behind the idiot in front for hours - 1.5 hours to cover 25Km in Auckland is madness but that is what people put up with, my bike does it in 35 mins. No way a car averaging 17Kph is getting anywhere near 10l/100Km, let alone 6. Then again, I don't think the fuel matters so much as the time it takes and to me when it takes longer to drive than to use a push bike then you're using the wrong mode of transport.

      --
      "I have the attention span of a strobe lit goldfish, please get to the point quickly!"
    6. Re:Read the Article! by Blaskowicz · · Score: 1

      That's the job of supercapacitor banks, at least for short term (enough juice for one stop and subsequent start I'm sure, but a long steep downhill followed by a similar uphill, it's probably more efficient to charge a battery)

    7. Re:Read the Article! by Roger+W+Moore · · Score: 1

      If the battery is $900 but a recharge is only $100...

      My understanding is that recharging the battery is essentially re-smelting the aluminium ore that the discharge process generates. Hence I would expect that recharging the battery is effectively no different than making it in the first place. You do not have to purchase new aluminium ore but you do have to reclaim it from the empty battery. Hence I would expect that the recharge cost will be very close to the cost of a new battery so I think it will be more like the opposite of what you suggest e.g. charge $1,000 for a new battery and get $100 off the next battery when you return the first.

    8. Re:Read the Article! by Roger+W+Moore · · Score: 1

      If the cost is about the same, it might even be worth considering, say, four 5 kg Al batteries with 600 km range.

      That makes a lot of sense. The other advantage is that it also reduces the weight of the car by several 100 kg which will increase performance and efficiency.

    9. Re:Read the Article! by Roger+W+Moore · · Score: 1

      $900 is one battery, you need 5 for a 15,000 km range hence you are out by a factor of five. Since, as others have pointed out, getting 6l/100 km is a bit of a stretch so it may be closer to a factor of 4 rather than 5. Really what we need is a real cost for the battery. The $900 price is just to make it the same cost as Li-ion with the huge benefit of massive range and instant recharge by replacement. If retail replacement cost is much less than this then you start to have an electric car which can really be competitive on both cost and range with a petrol one. At $225/battery you reach parity with petrol but this is barely above the cost of 100 kg of raw aluminium so it seems unlikely to be achievable.

  23. Re:3000km is not a lot in the U.S. . . . . by Dcnjoe60 · · Score: 1

    When I worked in one inner suburb of a medium-sized city, and lived in another, I commuted about 50km each way, 100km in total, and hence 3000km over the course of a little over a month. Commutes 3-4 times that long are not unheard of in larger cities. But for me, would have meant a battery swap about 10 times a year. I don't know how long the swap should take, but I do know I would not have time to visit a dealer - the closest being about a half hour away - anywhere near that frequently, even if it were a short and painless process.

    They aren't talking about this battery being the primary power source, but supplementing the lithium batteries to extend the range. While the lithium batteries can be recharged, these batteries are consumed in the process and have to be reprocessed. So, If your lithium batteries get you 95km each day, then you would only use 5km from the aluminum battery.

  24. Re:3000km is not a lot in the U.S. . . . . by rogerrabit · · Score: 1

    You sure about that? I mean, Having to stop at the "electric station" not even once a week seems like a pretty good deal in your situation. Of course it depends on the cost and duration of the battery change.

  25. Re:3000km is not a lot in the U.S. . . . . by TheRaven64 · · Score: 1

    This isn't meant to replace that, it's meant to augment it. Most of the time, the 260 mile range is fine. Sometimes, it isn't, and this gives you an emergency reserve. In normal use, you'll never use it, but if you're planning a long trip and don't manage to get to a charging station anywhere in the middle then you're not going to be stuck miles from civilisation with an empty battery.

    --
    I am TheRaven on Soylent News
  26. Aluminum cycle fuel cell? by swb · · Score: 1

    Wasn't there some professor who had mostly perfected a fuel cell based on some kind of aluminum cycle?

  27. Re:Only 1600km, not 3000 by jabuzz · · Score: 2

    Wrong. It is 1600km for the battery fitted to the car in question, it is 3000km for 100kg of battery. They did not specify the size of battery fitted to the car that had it's range extended by 1600km but a bit of mathematics suggests around 54kg. Your reading comprehension is really rather poor.

  28. 'Carbon footprint'? by kheldan · · Score: 1

    For starters: I am not all that impressed. They're dressing this up as 'rechargable', when in fact it is emphatically not so, this is a 'primary' battery, not a rechargable 'secondary' battery, and 'recharging' it in this context is just new-speak for 'recycling' it.

    OK, let's put that aside for a moment. The real questions are:
    1) What is the estimated, large-scale, ultimate carbon footprint of using this battery technology? Is it better or worse than Li+ technologies? If it's about the same or worse then maybe we'd better think twice about this.
    2) What is the estimated ongoing cost to the end-user/consumer assuming it became the standard for electric vehicles and as such proliferated throughout the market? If the cost every few months (or sooner, for heavy drivers of their vehicles) is excessive then it's just not practical from a fiscal point of view.
    3) For both the above, assume that the technology would be, generously enough, licensed immediately (or at least soon) to 3rd party companies, or better yet (perfect world) made open-source and/or royalty-free (because the creators/backers are such humanitarians, LOL) for the betterment of all mankind.
    4) Now that #3 has got the rose-colored-glasses perspective out of the way, let's assume they're greedy bastards who aggressively enforce any patents they have on the technology, and only allow companies that pay licensing fees/royalties to recycle the battery packs, vehicle owners are only allowed to get swaps at 'authorized facilities', etc., and the cost naturally is passed along to the consumer.

    Needless to say I'm somewhat leery of technology like this. Part of me wants to say it sounds like a step backwards. Here's another question:
    5) How much aluminum is lost (percentage estimate?) per cycle of this type of battery? Questions 1 through 4 aside, is it really long-term practical from a technical standpoint, or is it wasteful of raw materials, turning aluminum into a non-usable waste product?

    --
    Are YOU using the TOOL, or is the TOOL using YOU? Think about it!
    1. Re:'Carbon footprint'? by Barsteward · · Score: 1

      "They're dressing this up as 'rechargable', when in fact it is emphatically not so, this is a 'primary' battery, not a rechargable 'secondary' battery, "

      you need to read the article again (or for the first time) because what you are saying is complete shit, i never read it as that nor did most of the posters. its an additional battery, one-use only and gets swapped out for a replacement. I wont even bother reading the rest of your luddite post

      --
      "The hands that help are better far than lips that pray." - Robert Ingersoll (1833-1899)
    2. Re:'Carbon footprint'? by Overzeetop · · Score: 1

      Batteries are generally referred to as primary or rechargable batteries. It has nothing to do with whether it is the primary source, but rather that is not rechargeable. This battery isn't rechargable in the traditional sense (run power through it backwards and it stores energy). It has to be remanufactured starting all the way back at the ore-reduction process (though simplified as there will be few impurities as there are with mined ore).

      The rest is a bit ranty, though, I'd agree.

      --
      Is it just my observation, or are there way too many stupid people in the world?
    3. Re:'Carbon footprint'? by kheldan · · Score: 1

      I'm not even going to respond to the guy who commented above you since he doesn't seem to understand, as you pointed out, basic terminology when discussing batteries.

      So far as my post being 'ranty': How so? I'm asking valid questions about this development, not dismissing it and insulting people or anything like that.

      Sadly, you don't seem to understand all that well the difference between 'rechargable' and 'not rechargable' either. If you have to dismantle it and completely remanufacture it, then it's most definitely 'not rechargable' any more than a common 1.5V alkaline D-cell battery is 'rechargable'

      If you're not going to take any of the questions and points I raised seriously, then please stop commenting, it's counter-productive to having a conversation about this technology.

      --
      Are YOU using the TOOL, or is the TOOL using YOU? Think about it!
    4. Re:'Carbon footprint'? by kheldan · · Score: 1

      ..and I was supposed to continue reading past the point of you calling me an asshole? Fuck you. Also, hypocrite and projecting much? You're ranting at me, and your entire 'comment' (if it can be called such) just screams 'I'm an asshole!' at the world. Apparently you don't understand the entire concept of 'conversation'. Go back to 4chan/b, jerk, that's about the only place your (low) level of behaviour is acceptable.

      --
      Are YOU using the TOOL, or is the TOOL using YOU? Think about it!
  29. Supplement instead of replace by Whatsmynickname · · Score: 1

    What if an electric car would have a space for this battery and a driver would only install this type of battery when going on a long drive (i.e., supplement the existing Li battery infrastructure instead of replacing it)??? That way you would have the best of both worlds, quick charging lithium batteries for short trips and alum. battery for long trips. Yes, the downside is more space reserved for batteries instead of cargo, but I think I would be willing to work with that... I can easily see installing this battery right before a long trip and returning it after the trip is finished.

    1. Re:Supplement instead of replace by rjstanford · · Score: 1

      Gosh, it sounds almost as if you've read the article!

      --
      You're special forces then? That's great! I just love your olympics!
  30. Re:3000km is not a lot in the U.S. . . . . by Barsteward · · Score: 1

    That is if you only run on the new battery type but that not the plan, only use it for long trips and use the lithium as normal which would be fine for your commute

    --
    "The hands that help are better far than lips that pray." - Robert Ingersoll (1833-1899)
  31. Re:3000km is not a lot in the U.S. . . . . by Barsteward · · Score: 1

    how about a 100kg passenger, a lot of adult males are near that weight

    --
    "The hands that help are better far than lips that pray." - Robert Ingersoll (1833-1899)
  32. Re:3000km is not a lot in the U.S. . . . . by Barsteward · · Score: 1

    and how much would it cost you to fill your petrol tank using the same mileage over 3 weeks? but then again, it would be best if you actually read the article.

    --
    "The hands that help are better far than lips that pray." - Robert Ingersoll (1833-1899)
  33. Re:Visit the dealership every 3000km ? by Barsteward · · Score: 1

    consider yourself brain dead. rtfa and then comprehend

    --
    "The hands that help are better far than lips that pray." - Robert Ingersoll (1833-1899)
  34. How much would swapping cost? by mark-t · · Score: 1

    Since it can't be recharged, it seems like it's going to be more problematic than the idea of swapping a partially depleted rechargeable battery for a fresh one. Electric cars already cost more than gasoline automobiles, and if it's more than a few hundred dollars to swap anyways, it will *always* be cheaper to just use gasoline.

    1. Re:How much would swapping cost? by Overzeetop · · Score: 1

      If they were to reduce the size to a manageable weight (and size) per piece - say 10 or 20kg - they could be purchased/installed in singles or groups and used individually (or in pairs, if needed to produce enough amperage), burned in sequence, and replaced as needed. For example, a car like the (dead) Aptera might only have two 20kg slots, and use one at a time if you ran the rechargeable down; if you bought an all-electric suburban, you might have a dozen 20kg slots, and it might use 4 or 6 "cells" in parallel to power that vehicle. One cell type and configuration which can be ganged for the expected demand. As you burn up your first cell/set, the indicator comes on and you swap them, while the car activates the next cell/set in the bank.

      If this is just a backup for when you have a long trip or are unexpectedly out of power, it may not be that big a deal. Cars may come "batteries not included" and you can buy your own. If it costs you $100 to recharge your car from the power mains for 1800 miles, and it costs a $1200 "option" for the slots and $300 for a backup battery that will take you 1800 miles you're not going to use that backup on a regular basis. But if you have 3-6 long (out of range) trips a year, and it means only needing one car (vs a second gasoline engine car plus your electric commuter), all of a sudden it makes sense to do this instead of buying two cars, or renting a car for every long trip.

      --
      Is it just my observation, or are there way too many stupid people in the world?
    2. Re:How much would swapping cost? by Zynder · · Score: 1

      if you bought an all-electric suburban, you might have a dozen 20kg slots

      This made me laugh hysterically, thanks! I imagined an all electric Suburban would probably need to tow another Suburban full of batteries just to move it. Hell, might as well just buy a Canyonero! Which other SUV comfortably seats 8 people and their SUVs?

  35. Perfect way to transport clean energy by perbu · · Score: 1

    The really compelling part is that electricity stored in aluminium can be transported without any energy loss. Alumina can be found in most of the world, so if you have local access to cheap power you can create aluminium there, be it in Iceland or the Saharan desert. Then you can fill up a freighter with it and go nice and slow across the atlantic ocean and deliver it in the US or China.

    I met these people last year and they talked about filling up a supertanker with Aluminium in Norway or Iceland and then having it connect to the US power grid and deliver electricity.

    1. Re:Perfect way to transport clean energy by Overzeetop · · Score: 1

      It works well with several sources. For solar or wind, the demand is not driven by time - you fill what you can (sort of; this is smelting, which does penalize multiple startups). For nuclear, you could run as a continuous process as long as you had the demand for batteries and the alumina supply. In that case the lack peaking demand makes it conducive.

      I don't know how efficient the conversion is. I suspect it's low compared to Li-ion recharging. Still, even if you paid double per Wh, it would be a great option to have for either long trips or emergency backup (range anxiety).

      --
      Is it just my observation, or are there way too many stupid people in the world?
  36. Re:Does not compute by Barsteward · · Score: 2

    read the fucking article then you'll find out

    --
    "The hands that help are better far than lips that pray." - Robert Ingersoll (1833-1899)
  37. Works Too Well by JimSadler · · Score: 1

    These batteries shift the need for gasoline to the power grid. But most utility companies are pretty lazy and I wonder if we develop great electric cars in quantities whether the power lines will start to glow like the wires in my toaster. We can hope that power companies are investing in far more robust systems. Oddly this car issue may actually save the power companies as charging all these electric cars may mean that less people self supply all of their homes electric needs. A home with three electric cars all wanting to charge up at the same time is unlikely to do well on solar panels on the roof.

    1. Re:Works Too Well by geekoid · · Score: 1

      "...unlikely to do well on solar panels on the roof."
      based on..what?

      --
      The Kruger Dunning explains most post on /. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunning%E2%80%93Kruger_effect
  38. Re:Does not compute by NoImNotNineVolt · · Score: 1

    Mod parent informative, insightful, and interesting.

    --
    Chuuch. Preach. Tabernacle.
  39. Re:Only 1600km, not 3000 by holmstar · · Score: 1
    Sorry, that should have read:

    No, the 3000km is assuming that you are using the aluminum air battery in addition to the normal lithium battery."

  40. Re:3000km is not a lot in the U.S. . . . . by brunes69 · · Score: 1

    So you're saying you would not trade in wasting 1 minutes stopping for gas every couple of days for a single 1/2 hour visit to a battery swap place once a month? You would come out ahead in the scenario.

  41. Re:3000km is not a lot in the U.S. . . . . by geekoid · · Score: 1

    I take it you never raised horses?

    --
    The Kruger Dunning explains most post on /. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunning%E2%80%93Kruger_effect
  42. Re:A battery that the user can't recharge themselv by geekoid · · Score: 1

    Yes, but they would have less range and be heavier.

    --
    The Kruger Dunning explains most post on /. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunning%E2%80%93Kruger_effect
  43. Re:Does not compute by necro81 · · Score: 1

    I don't get it. It needs a tap water refill every few months, but needs to be swapped out entirely every month? I drive more than 3000km every month. How is this supposed to be practical? Is this geared towards people that don't drive much at all? Even then, the battery will likely need to be replaced over 100 times during the life of the car.

    Siiiiigh. From TFA:

    The battery can extend the range of an electric car ... when used in conjunction with the vehicle's regular lithium-ion battery....

    Because the car would still rely on its regular rechargable lithium-ion battery most of the time and would switch to the aluminum-air battery as a backup only if the lithium-ion battery ran out, and because most car trips are 50 kilometres or less, Alcoa estimates the aluminum-air batteries would only need to be changed about once a year.

    May I suggest that next time, if you're a bit confused, you RTFA before jumping straight into the comments and loudly proclaiming how much you don't get it.

  44. So 15000 km if you replaced a model s battery pack by oic0 · · Score: 2

    Why use them as range extenders. Why not just pack enough in to do a year of driving the recycle the filling and put in new plates? If it costs less than about $1500 to do most people would be fine with it.

  45. Re:3000km is not a lot in the U.S. . . . . by Virtucon · · Score: 1

    Actually for a time I did have a couple of hay burners, groomed/washed them regularly and did all the feeding / vet things and had the horseshoe guy come around every 2 to three months. The hay guy every month and damn mice always in it and what always goes in, comes out. I didn't raise them per say, we bought them when one was three the other five. It's like having a swimming pool though, a lot more maintenance than actual usage; they spent most of the time running around the five acres we had. And the analogy of a Boat, bust out another thousand, pales in comparison to a hay burner. Also I don't think a car ever bit me, literally speaking.

    I did have pause one time to observe a rancher down the road who had to deal with a dead horse one time, good thing he had a lot of acreage and a backhoe. Come to think of it he did the same thing for dead cows.

    --
    Harrison's Postulate - "For every action there is an equal and opposite criticism"
  46. Re:Only 1600km, not 3000 by geekoid · · Score: 1

    when did the Tesla start getting 1400 km from it's lithium batters? Seems to me that would be kind of a big deal on it's own.

    --
    The Kruger Dunning explains most post on /. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunning%E2%80%93Kruger_effect
  47. Re:3000km is not a lot in the U.S. . . . . by wired_parrot · · Score: 1

    This is a hybrid system, with the Lithium-Ion battery being used for daily commutes and the Aluminum-Air battery only kicking for long distances. The regular range of an electric car like the Nissan Leaf is 135km, which covers most daily commutes, including yours. If you were only using the car for commuting and regularly charged the Li-Ion battery, the Al-air battery should in theory last indefinitely.

    The Aluminum-Air battery will only be drained for those long-distance trips which exceed the range of the Li-Ion battery, and only then for the segments of the trip where the Li-Ion battery wasn't charged. Hence their claim that one ought to be able to extend the 3000km life-cycle of the Al-Air battery over at least 2 years.

  48. extremely energy intensive by rossdee · · Score: 2

    Converting Aluminium Oxide to Aluminium is energy intensive, but it does not contribute to greenhouse gasses. The power for the smelter is supplied by hydro dams.

    1. Re:extremely energy intensive by OneAhead · · Score: 1

      ...not to mention the noxious fluorinated compounds and the very low rate of conversion of electricity to chemical energy (stored in the form of metallic Aluminium). And you cannot even propose to use surplus power at night because an aluminium smelter cannot be turned off. Aluminium smelting is dirty business in the literal sense. It may be a suitable fuel for rocket boosters, where every bit of weight counts, but as far as cars are concerned, it's a step backwards from petrol.

    2. Re:extremely energy intensive by MooseMiester · · Score: 1

      True, but the batteries release large amounts of CO2 during the discharge cycle.

      --
      Murphy was an optimist
  49. Re:This is a great idea (renting) by Mr+D+from+63 · · Score: 1

    Regarding renting for long trips. I see this suggestion quite often, but in the big picture, its not really as good a solution as it might sound.

    I have rented a van occasionally for family trips. It is a real pain in the ass. Not just going through the motions of finding a decent deal that is not too far from home, but there is the extra trip to pick up the vehicle, or schedule them to pick up/drop off well in advance. Drop off can also be an inconvenience that requires another person to transport you or the vehicle.

    Those may be minor inconveniences in certain terms, but the real problem is finding the vehicle I need when its a holiday or other 'peak' travel time. At many rental agencies, you can't even get a car if you try last minute and it is a peak period And at these times the rental price can be a lot higher than normal. If more and more people need cars for long trips, then it is going to become even more expensive and more difficult to get the car you need when you need it.

    Add the simple fact that people generally feel more comfortable in their own car and the "just rent one' suggestion just doesn't seem like a good solution for the mass market.

  50. Re:Does not compute by NoImNotNineVolt · · Score: 1

    May I suggest that next time, if you're a bit confused, you RTFA before jumping straight into the comments and loudly proclaiming how much you don't get it.

    I'm sorry, I must have the wrong website. Could you please direct me to slashdot?

    --
    Chuuch. Preach. Tabernacle.
  51. Re:So same weight as a small engine by rjstanford · · Score: 1

    Sounds like a disposable battery and a horribly energy inefficient way to extend the range.
    Moving batteries back to the manufacturer when discharged and probable an insane amount of energy to reuse.
    For 100 KG I'd rather add a small engine / generator.

    The Ford 3-cylindar ecoboost weighs around 100KG. Add to that space for fuel (another 25kg for 10 gallons, not including the gas tank which'd be 10kg even if plastic, plus all the cooling, plumbing, exhaust, intake, transmission cost and weights, driveshaft connectivity problems, and physical space constraints that a gas engine and fuel system would bring, and you're far better off with the replaceable range extending battery.

    --
    You're special forces then? That's great! I just love your olympics!
  52. Re:3000km is not a lot in the U.S. . . . . by camperdave · · Score: 1

    When I worked in one inner suburb of a medium-sized city, and lived in another, I commuted about 50km each way, 100km in total, and hence 3000km over the course of a little over a month. Commutes 3-4 times that long are not unheard of in larger cities. But for me, would have meant a battery swap about 10 times a year. I don't know how long the swap should take, but I do know I would not have time to visit a dealer - the closest being about a half hour away - anywhere near that frequently, even if it were a short and painless process.

    On the other hand, you don't have to make the twice a week stop at the gas station.

    --
    When our name is on the back of your car, we're behind you all the way!
  53. it's still rechargeable by Chirs · · Score: 1

    Technically it's rechargeable since the only input is electricity. The fact that it's not rechargeable *at home* doesn't change that.

  54. What about displaced electricity by Firethorn · · Score: 1

    The power for the smelter is supplied by hydro dams.

    Is this for a newly constructed dam? Is there water available that would otherwise NOT be used to generate electricity?

    Or is it that every kwh used for this would have instead been 'sold' on the open market and used for things like displacing coal/ng burning elsewhere? Because I find the latter possibility the most likely.

    --
    I don't read AC A human right
    1. Re:What about displaced electricity by cellocgw · · Score: 2

      The power for the smelter is supplied by hydro dams.

      Is this for a newly constructed dam? Is there water available that would otherwise NOT be used to generate electricity?

      I'm not taking a position on the power-neutrality of these batteries, but would like to point out that one of the real-world problems with all of our electrical power plants is that they are very difficult to load-balance. If we could set up an "on-demand" aluminum re-smelter which operates only when grid-demand for electricity drops, the power plant could be run at a steady level 24/7.

      --
      https://app.box.com/WitthoftResume Code: https://github.com/cellocgw
    2. Re:What about displaced electricity by Firethorn · · Score: 2

      If we could set up an "on-demand" aluminum re-smelter which operates only when grid-demand for electricity drops, the power plant could be run at a steady level 24/7.

      That's a big 'could'. There's substantial energy penalties for turning them off.

      Personally, I'm sort of hoping that EV batteries that are operational but too worn out for their original purpose(so holding 40-70% of original charge) are repurposed into standby/grid evening batteries. At a couple dozen kWh per pop, 1 battery per couple households would be enough to completely normalize electricity use.

      --
      I don't read AC A human right
  55. I rented for years, it worked fine. by Chirs · · Score: 1

    I lived and worked in Ottawa (Canada) for five years without owning a car. I rented a car fairly frequently on weekends, and when needed I rented a pickup truck, cargo van, cube van, etc.

    It worked really well. I took the bike or bus to work and to downtown most of the time. When I needed a vehicle, I rented one. My rental costs were *far* less than it would have cost to license a vehicle and pay insurance on it, much less buying/leasing one.

    Now I've got two kids and live in the prairies. Public transit sucks, so I own a smallish car. But I've still rented a van for a long trip with relatives.

    1. Re:I rented for years, it worked fine. by Mr+D+from+63 · · Score: 1

      No doubt renting is fine for some, even many, I did not feel the need to point out such an obvious thing. I rent myself, as I said. But if you lived in suburbia, with few rental places within 10 miles, you may have a different outlook.

  56. still counts as rechargeable to me by Chirs · · Score: 1

    I still consider it rechargeable due to the fact the the main input in remanufacturing is electricity, and that there are basically no toxic chemicals released during the remanufacturing process.

    The fact that it can't be recharged *at home* doesn't change the fact that to a first approximation you put in electricity and get back a charged battery.

  57. Re:3000km is not a lot in the U.S. . . . . by Brett+Buck · · Score: 1

        What point is there in calling this a "first-world problem"? Of course it's a first-world problem, the first world is the only place with enough overkill wealth to consider these impractical baubels like electric luxury cars with batteries that get melted down and rebuilt from scratch every 1800 miles. And are used going back and forth to Starbucks, while you whine about the injustice in the world caused by the 1%ers.

  58. Re:the bloody video by Jabrwock · · Score: 1

    The video is from a year ago. The demo uses a bigger and newer version of the battery.

    --
    Magic doesn't work in my presence. My power of disbelief is too strong.
  59. Re:So 15000 km if you replaced a model s battery p by RivenAleem · · Score: 1

    Or build it into a trailer that you can tow behind you on a long trip with all your gear.

  60. Well, aluminum is cheap enough by russotto · · Score: 1

    If I've done my numbers right, it should be 20 cents per mile for the cost of the bulk aluminum (assuming the entire 100kg is aluminum, which obviously isn't so). But that's a lot of aluminum/alumina to be shipping around in relatively small packages (even palletloads of batteries are small compared to bulk metals), and I suspect replacing the battery isn't as simple as dumping the alumina in the smelter and putting in fresh aluminum, so there's a lot of unknowns here.

  61. Electric Car Racing by chuckgrosvenor · · Score: 1

    It sounds like the cost is probably high and it's only meant for backup solution, but the one killer application I can think of would be the upcoming Formula-E http://www.fiaformulae.com/ races. There's no need to pit if you have enough power to run the entire race with one of these.

  62. Re:3000km is not a lot in the U.S. . . . . by bobbied · · Score: 1

    I don't think I'd say horses are easy to use, even if they do tend to fend for themselves. In my experience, if you intend to actually get a horse to do something useful, like carry a rider someplace or pull a wagon, there is a significant level of effort involved and no little risk that the horse might not be willing to cooperate with you reliably. Not to mention that their power output is generally limited to around ONE horsepower which limits the possible tasks you can use them for.

    --
    "File to fit, pound to insert, paint to match" - Aircraft Maintenance 101
  63. Not a battery by QuantumPion · · Score: 1

    This isn't really a "battery" any more so than gasoline is. Technically, you could recover the waste products from gasoline combustion, and using various chemical processes + energy turn it back into gasoline. But that doesn't mean your gas tank is a battery. Same goes for this thing. It is basically an engine burning aluminum. Traveling 3000 km in a car that gets 50 mpg requires of gasoline, so this has about the same energy density.

    1. Re:Not a battery by QuantumPion · · Score: 1

      Ok, not sure what the fucking hell beta did to my comment between editing and submitting, but here it goes again:

      This isn't really a "battery" any more so than gasoline is. Technically, you could recover the waste products from gasoline combustion, and using various chemical processes + energy turn it back into gasoline. But that doesn't mean your gas tank is a battery. Same goes for this thing. It is basically an engine burning aluminum. Traveling 3000 km in a car that gets 50 mpg requires about 100 kg of gasoline, so this has about the same energy density.

    2. Re:Not a battery by Mr+D+from+63 · · Score: 1

      Its basically a fuel cell, if we want an even more appropriate description, as engines have moving parts.

    3. Re:Not a battery by Mr+D+from+63 · · Score: 1

      OK, well I retract my previous comment. This certainly is a battery. Its a non-rechargeable battery, of which there are many types. It is self contained, anode / cathode cell that produces a current via reaction thru the electrolyte. The fact that it destroys itself is irrelevant.

  64. 100 pounds is plenty and this is a great idea by mtrachtenberg · · Score: 1

    Really, no electric car needs more than 100 pounds of this backup battery. That would be more than enough to drive for a full day. In fact, 50 pounds might be enough emergency backup for any real use case -- as described, 50 pounds would give you about 600 km of extra emergency range.

    Anyone who wants to drive 12 hours a day for multiple days ought to just rent a gasoline or diesel vehicle. Electric cars are for more normal usage, in which a battery like this gives you emergency flexibility.

  65. Re:It's a real issue. - Optima batteries by torklugnutz · · Score: 1

    Aside from startup price (about double), why not use Optima batteries in the tractor? They require no maintenance and they can survive overcharging, vibration, and produce very little corrosion. Energy density might be lower.

    Oh, and on the topic of corrosion, a coating of petroleum jelly over the terminals and cable ends will block corrosion, but not electrical current.

    --
    Often in Error, Never in Doubt.
  66. Re:Only 1600km, not 3000 by Firethorn · · Score: 1

    It's tough to break 1.2k km driven in a day( ~800 miles). If you're getting the first 500 km off the lithium batteries, that's 700 out of the aluminum air battery, then you stop for the night and presumably recharge the lithium. That would make a 3 day trip 1500 off LiIon, 2100 from the aluminum battery, so they're probably counting on a few less miles/day on average.

    They're probably counting on a touch more than 1k km/day though.

    470 km per day LiIon, 530 Al. 1000 km/day. Reasonable.

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    I don't read AC A human right
  67. I for one welcome our Canadian Battery Overlords by WillAffleckUW · · Score: 1

    Vroom! Vroom!

    (or whatever sound a whisper quiet electric Tesla makes while it screams down Highway 1 at 200 kph)

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    -- Tigger warning: This post may contain tiggers! --
  68. Range extender by DrYak · · Score: 2

    You better hope that they have a regular battery in there and use the primary cell (yes, it's not recharging) as a range extender for those few trips that exceed the secondary cell capacity.

    In this case, it'll be slightly better than those cars like the BMW and Volt that are primarily electric but tow a gas generator with them to offer extended range operations. This one keeps the existing simple low-maintenance electric drivetrain without having to add all the gas engine support components to the car.

    Well that's exactly what TFA says:
    car runs on the lithium battery.
    when doing short trips like comuting between home and work ( typical everyday trips are 50 km according to TFA ) you simply run of the battery and recharge it at home/at work.
    when doing long road trip, instead of stoping at a fast charging station, the alumium kicks in and is used to top the regular lithium battery.

    --
    "Sufficiently advanced satire is indistinguishable from reality." - [Tips: 1DrYakQDKCQ6y52z6QbnkxHXAocMZJE61o ]
  69. Re:I for one welcome our Canadian Battery Overlord by Jabrwock · · Score: 1

    I believe they actually have audio kits to make your electric car make "vroom" noises, for those who can't bear to be without the nostalgic sounds...

    --
    Magic doesn't work in my presence. My power of disbelief is too strong.
  70. Re:So 15000 km if you replaced a model s battery p by Solandri · · Score: 1

    Why use them as range extenders. Why not just pack enough in to do a year of driving the recycle the filling and put in new plates? If it costs less than about $1500 to do most people would be fine with it.

    I call it the credit card minimum payment syndrome. If you charge people $1500 all at once, they'll freak out over it. But if you spread it out over time to $40/week (e.g. gas for your car), they're ok with it. Even though over a year that ends up being more expensive. It's how the credit card companies make money off of people who don't pay their bill in full every month.

  71. Re:So 15000 km if you replaced a model s battery p by swillden · · Score: 1

    I like the idea of going smaller, not bigger. Small enough to make them easily replaceable by the average person -- say, 5 kg. Assuming 100 kg gives you 3000 km, and assuming the weight scales linearly, then 5 kg would be 150 km. That would roughly double the range of something like a Nissan LEAF, for negligible cost (beyond the cost of the Al battery). Provide slots for four of them, and arrange to sell the batteries through fuel stations, and you could use an EV in exactly the same way you'd use a gasoline-powered car. Include a rechargeable batter for very short range trips, and for a place to store power recovered from regenerative braking, and you'd have a car that makes hybrids completely obsolete.

    Looking at specific energies, I'm not sure what to think. Assuming 3 mi/kWh, 3000 kg for 1800 mi is 6 kWh, 22 mJ, per kg. That's pretty impressive. Almost two orders of magnitude higher than Li-ion, and very nearly 50% of the specific energy of gasoline! If someone seriously has a battery technology that can approach gasoline that closely... that's huge. Even if battery manufacture isn't particularly efficient, energy-wise, the ability to shift between energy sources may well offset it.

    It seems too good to be true... which usually means it is.

    --
    Note to ACs: I usually delete AC replies without reading them. If you want to talk to me, log in.
  72. Re:3000km is not a lot in the U.S. . . . . by geekoid · · Score: 1

    Then why did you say they are largely self maintain?

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    The Kruger Dunning explains most post on /. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunning%E2%80%93Kruger_effect
  73. Re:Only 1600km, not 3000 by geekoid · · Score: 1

    The post I replied to was claiming 1400km a charge from L-Ion and an additional 1600 from this new system.

    --
    The Kruger Dunning explains most post on /. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunning%E2%80%93Kruger_effect
  74. Re:3000km is not a lot in the U.S. . . . . by Virtucon · · Score: 1

    because outside of maybe an hour a day, they do maintain themselves. Pastures, water troughs.. It's not hard to imagine that. They'd get along fine without us too.

    --
    Harrison's Postulate - "For every action there is an equal and opposite criticism"
  75. still not a "shipstone" by dltaylor · · Score: 1

    I wouldn't want one of those, either, no matter how attractive Heinlein made them seem. Dealing with "big energy/business" is always a loss for the consumer. You can mitigate that, a bit, when there's a semblance of competition (5 brands of gasoline/diesel within 1/2 mile of my residence, but only one refinery in SoCal). If I have to buy a replacement aluminum fuel cell every 2 months, they'll impoverish me quickly.

  76. Re:3000km is not a lot in the U.S. . . . . by Zynder · · Score: 1

    That's typical human nature. Penny wise, pound foolish the saying goes.

  77. Re:It's a real issue. - Optima batteries by AaronW · · Score: 2

    Even the Optima batteries, while better than many other batteries, still do not like to be overcharged.

    The battery in one of my older cars lasted 10 years, I think because every couple of months I would run a desulfate operation on it with a smart battery charger. I wish they would build that technology in to car charging systems since it only cost pennies and can greatly extend the life.

    After I got my Tesla I put the 12v battery in my Prius (an Optima replacement for the OEM when the OEM died) on a battery minder which does this and has proper temperature compensation. I only drove my Prius a couple times a year.

    I might add that Tesla has several patents dealing with metal oxide batteries and using them in combination with lithium ion batteries. They already have the automated battery swap technology as well.

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    This post is encrypted twice with ROT-13. Documenting or attempting to crack this encryption is illegal.
  78. Tesla has related patents on hybrid batteries by AaronW · · Score: 1

    Interestingly enough, Tesla already has patents covering this hybrid battery approach. According to this patent it was filed back in 2010.

    --
    This post is encrypted twice with ROT-13. Documenting or attempting to crack this encryption is illegal.
  79. Re:Only 1600km, not 3000 by Firethorn · · Score: 1

    Given that a Tesla model S, currently the longest ranged production EV, only has ~300 miles of range (480km), I think that's a very unfounded statement. Ergo my point that it's tough to drive that far at once, giving you the opportunity to charge the battery multiple times.

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    I don't read AC A human right
  80. Too Complex: Has TWO refill requirements by fygment · · Score: 1

    Every 3000 km you need to change the battery AND every month you need to refill the battery with tap water. Well here is some news:

    a) one new battery a year ... and hope delivery infrastructure is in place and not everyone is rushing at the last minute to get it done like say, what happens with snow tires; and

    b) tap water isn't free. It makes a noticeable dent in the family utility bill in my area of the country; and finally

    c) tap water in -20 C is a challenge. Even my garage is too cold in winter, the water is cut to all external faucets when the temps start dipping to -5 C.

    So nice idea but not for the average family.

    --
    "Consensus" in science is _always_ a political construct.
  81. Re:Does not compute by NoImNotNineVolt · · Score: 1

    Perhaps you're new here, but there's a long tradition on slashdot of commenting on an article without having read it (and oftentimes, without having even read the summary, or anything other than the headline). Although, judging from the tone here, maybe the times, they are a-changin'.

    In any case, in the context of what's written in the summary, I stand by my original [overrated] statement.

    --
    Chuuch. Preach. Tabernacle.
  82. Re:Does not compute by NoImNotNineVolt · · Score: 1

    The irony. I've been advocating for a post-labor society on here for quite some time. But please, wear your rudeness as a badge of honor, and continue to RTFA so that old men like me don't have to.

    --
    Chuuch. Preach. Tabernacle.
  83. Let's do the math by TRRosen · · Score: 1

    That's $200 of raw aluminum. So at least $400 for the battery pack plus $100 to do the swap.

    Your most likely looking at $500 for a 1000 mile battery.

    So 4x more expensive then gas or standard battery pack. I don't see the oil companies quaking in fear.

    Range extending technologies can not be viable if they cost more than an ICE.

  84. Fuel Cell by CmdrTamale · · Score: 1

    It's a non-refillable fuel cell.

    It burns/oxidizes aluminum to produce electricity and alumina ore.

    Someone talking about the manufacturing process says it uses up/gives off carbon and fluorine -- so maybe we can get teflon, too?
    --
    The truth is, you never do get old enough to know better - Joe Martin

  85. Sounds familiar by MooseMiester · · Score: 1

    Israeli start-up? check. Spearheaded by guys from software and telecom, with relevant-tech experts at 2nd tier? check. Outlandish claims about EVs? check. Managed to land some big ‘Blue Chip’ money and partnerships? check.

    Gee I wonder where I’ve heard this before

    I hope it's real I really do.

    --
    Murphy was an optimist