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DMCA Claim Over GPL Non-Compliance Shuts Off Minecraft Plug-Ins

New submitter Maxo-Texas writes One of the primary programmers, Wesley Wolfe (Wolvereness), who contributed over 23,000 lines of code to the Bukkit project (which enhances Minecraft server performance and allows others to write mods and plugins) submitted a DMCA request September 5th, preventing use of his code in the popular Bukkit or Spigot (and numerous other Minecraft plugins, mods, and other open source enhancements that depend on them). This has the effect of freezing all further development for multi-player server Minecraft based on these add-ons until the issue is resolved.

The programmer says that Mojang must release the Minecraft server code to the public domain since decompiled, deobfuscated versions of the Java code are included in the Bukkit project before he will withdraw the DMCA. Mojang has never released the real source code and has stated they will not open source the server code to meet the GPL and LGPL licensing requirements. This approach might be a risk for other GPL and LGPL projects out there which are derivative of or enhance non GPL programs or products.
Mojang COO Vu Bui writes in a post at the Bukkit forums The official Minecraft Server software that we have made available is not included in CraftBukkit. Therefore there is no obligation for us to provide the original code or any source code to the Minecraft Server, nor any obligation to authorize its use. Our refusal to make available or authorize the use of the original / source code of the Minecraft Server software cannot therefore be considered to give rise to an infringement of any copyright of Wesley, nor any other person. Wesley’s allegations are therefore wholly unfounded.

215 of 354 comments (clear)

  1. What the heck? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Interesting

    Okay, I read the articles, and I cannot keep the parties straight. Who did what and who is claiming what? Can this be expressed as a simple bulleted list. Too much lawyer. Many nomenclature.

    1. Re: What the heck? by fnj · · Score: 1, Insightful

      OK, I don't get it either. If somebody is using GPL code and refuses to issue source, it's cut and dried, guilty. But I can't make out whether this is what is going on.

    2. Re:What the heck? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Insightful

      From what recall from hearing about this the other day, it went something like guy decompiles/deobfuscates MC code (it's Java bytecode), makes Bukkit. Bukkit guys get hired by Mojang, eventually someone gets butthurt, decides to DMCA Bukkit. More butthurt happens, and now they're trying to claim GPL on MC because Bukkit used decompiled MC code, thus it is "linked with" MC and GPL viraled.

      tl;dr: reverse-engineer code, release it with GPL mods, try to claim GPL viral on original code that was reverse-engineered. I'm pretty sure the GPL doesn't work that way.

    3. Re: What the heck? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Informative

      There are three pieces of software involved: Bukkit, CraftBukkit, and Minecraft server. Bukkit and CraftBukkit are released under the GPL. Minecraft is not. Bukkit and CraftBukkit are both totally and utterly useless without Minecraft server, and have to be linked against reverse-engineered Minecraft source code in order to function, thus creating a GPL violation that has existed for years. Nobody cared though, because they were too busy playing the game.

      At some point in the past Mojang hired four of the developers of Bukkit/CraftBukkit and bought the rights to use the name Bukkit. But they neglected to obtain copyright assignments from all contributors and as such do not hold the copyright necessary to relicense Bukkit/CraftBukkit in a way that would legally allow them to distribute it.

      Then yesterday, one of the other contributors to Bukkit/CraftBukkit asserted a DCMA claim to stop the distribution of said project.

    4. Re: What the heck? by CrimsonAvenger · · Score: 5, Informative

      The developers of Minecraft are NOT using GPL code.

      The Minecraft modders are using some of the Minecraft code (as a result of decompilation and related techniques).

      One of the Minecraft modders wants to force the developers of Minecraft to open source their code by refusing to allow his code to link to their (deobfuscated/decompiled) code.

      Since a lot of Minecrafters depend on this modders code, he's hoping he gets enough support to force the developers of Minecraft to, basically, give him their code.

      --

      "I do not agree with what you say, but I will defend to the death your right to say it"
    5. Re: What the heck? by Nemyst · · Score: 4, Informative

      It's also worth noting that Mojang has never contributed code to Bukkit or CraftBukkit. The codebases are therefore entirely separate, except for Bukkit/CB's usage of reverse engineered source, which goes one way only (and not the way that would logically let you assess ownership of Minecraft's server source).

    6. Re:What the heck? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Informative

      There are three parties: Wesley Wolfe (who wrote GPL code included in the project and issued the DMCA notice), the author(s) of the server code (which allegedly is included in the mod in some way) and the author(s) of the mod (who are accused of violating the GPL by mixing proprietary code with GPL code).

      It would have been nice if the submitter had included the original claim, which is reported here. Quote:

      My name is Wesley Wolfe. A site hosted on an IP address owned by Multiplay
      (ip redacted) is infringing on my software copyright by the distribution
      of a software known as CraftBukkit.

      Original content can be found at

      https://github.com/Wolvereness/Bukkit-Bleeding/commits?author=Wolvereness

      https://github.com/Wolvereness/Bukkit-Bleeding/commit/0a0fee8be25bf8a732abff2d66a89a64614b6327

      and the appropriate license for previously mentioned content can be found at

      https://github.com/Wolvereness/Bukkit-Bleeding/blob/f210234e59275330f83b994e199c76f6abd41ee7/LICENCE.txt

      The provided license requires the use of included or linking code to
      provide the original source under the GNU GPL license version 3, or any
      later version. An official notice has been sent to Mojang AB, whereas the
      Chief Operating Officer, Vu Bui, responded with the clear text:

      Mojang has not authorized the inclusion of any of its proprietary
      Minecraft software (including its Minecraft Server software) within the
      Bukkit project to be included in or made subject to any GPL or LGPL
      license, or indeed any other open source license

      As the Minecraft Server software is included in CraftBukkit, and the
      original code has not been provided or its use authorized, this is a
      violation of my copyright. I have a good faith belief the distribution of
      CraftBukkit includes content of which the distribution is not authorized by
      the copyright owner, it's agent, or the law.

      IMHO, if the information about what's included in what is accurate, the DMCA notice and license complaint is legitimate. The inclusion of his GPL code in the mode requires that the remaining mod code be open-sourced, but the author(s) of the proprietary server code which is allegedly included in the mod have not authorized their code to be open-sourced. Lack of source for the complete mod is a GPL violation. If the mod authors aren't authorized to use the server code, then that may be a violation of the server author(s)' license as well, but that's irrelevant with regard to this DMCA takedown notice. A weak point could be that he may have contributed his GPL code knowing that there is proprietary code in the project. On the other hand, he may have contributed his code believing that the project already contained other GPL code and would abide by the license.

    7. Re: What the heck? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Insightful

      So Bukkit and CraftBukkit are both dependent on Server. That does not make Server a derived work. Quite the opposite, in fact.

      Server does not include any code from Bukkit or CraftBukkit, right? It runs without them, and the company that owns Server distributes it without them, right?

      I don't see how the situation creates a GPL violation. It sounds, in fact, like the copyright that is violated is the copyright Mojang holds for Server, and Mojang has been kind enough to not press charges.

      It sounds like the corporate statement made by Vu Bui is spot on, and Wesley Wolfe is trying to spin his own violation as if it were their violation, which is completely backwards. Further he is being a GPL troll, creating the very sort of situation that make companies wary of getting involved with open source communities at all.

      To Wesley Wolfe: Thanks a lot, asshole.

    8. Re: What the heck? by Lehk228 · · Score: 4, Insightful

      craftbukkit (the server software) has always depended on illegally decompiled minecraft server code in order to function as a mod API for the minecraft server. so technically this makes craftbukkit not in compliance with it's own GPL licensing because it uses propritary code which cannot be released under the GPL

      one of the top contributors, who knew all along that he was working on a project that was legally grey area, got butthurt and DMCA'd his own contributions.

      --
      Snowden and Manning are heroes.
    9. Re: What the heck? by Solozerk · · Score: 4, Interesting

      The Minecraft modders are using some of the Minecraft code (as a result of decompilation and related techniques).

      If the source code in question has been obtained by decompilation, is it really the "original" Minecraft source code (the one that is covered by the original license) ? I mean, you're basically looking at a non human-readable binary, freely distributed, and deducing a source code that would produce the same binary. At this point the resulting source code is your work IMHO.

      Then again, things may seem a little different here since it's Java and I think using "decompilation" on the byte code produces code that is likely to be extremely close to the original. But it doesn't really seem that different.

      At any rate, this specific case seems a lot more straightforward since if I understand correctly the bukkit guys sold their project without getting permission from all their contributors - the fact that the bukkit people used decompiled Java bytecode appears to have little relevance to the case itself.

    10. Re: What the heck? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Informative

      Apparently Mojang, since they bought Bukkit, are using GPL code which is in Bukkit. Mojang also owns Minecraft. Parts of Minecraft are allegedly also included in Bukkit, but the source to these parts of Bukkit (and Minecraft) is not provided, which makes the distribution of Bukkit a license violation.

    11. Re:What the heck? by jythie · · Score: 1

      Wolvereness is claiming that because Bukkit is GPL, the decompiled Minecraft code in it is also GPL and thus Mojang`s internal version is also GPL. He then claims that if this is not the case then his code was added to Bukkit under false pretenses (contracts are invalid if you are tricked into them) and thus the inclusion of his code in Bukkit is non-concentual and he is enforcing his own copyright.

      Mojang is claiming that no original Minecraft code appears in the Bukkit repo thus they are not obligated to supply their source under GPL.

    12. Re: What the heck? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Informative

      Contrary to popular opinion, the GPL doesn't give anyone the right to force open-sourcing (or "assess ownership") of code anyway. Without making linked code open source as well, distributing it linked to the GPL code is merely a copyright violation, because the GPL doesn't cover that. A copyright violation does not automatically have to be healed by fulfilling the license requirements. The author of the code which is distributed without a valid license however has the right to stop that copyright violation, which is what has happened here.

    13. Re:What the heck? by jythie · · Score: 1

      Ah, but Mojang has authorized the decompliation and distribution of the decompiled code, thus there is no GPL violation in the first place.

    14. Re:What the heck? by queazocotal · · Score: 2

      This relies on the GPL 'you can't distribute at all if you can't comply with the licence' - if you distribute with a binary blob (effectively) that you have no rights to in your allegedly GPL codebase - then you're in violation of the GPL.

      You can then come into compliance with the GPL in principle by supplying source for that blob. It is possible that the only way that compliance could be done is to release the whole of minecraft under the GPL - but the impossibilty of that does not factor into the legality of distributing.

      The only way you can be forced to release source code is for a judge to compel you to release source code, after a copyright suit.
      They are probably more likely to assess financial damages - rather than compelling release of source code.
      I'm not aware of any compulsory release of source code ever happening.

    15. Re: What the heck? by mccoma · · Score: 5, Insightful

      I am pretty sure if someone took the binary for GCC and generated source code from it and declared it to be some other license then the FSF might have some objections. Reversing some binary and distributing that work looks to violate the Minecraft license in the first place.

    16. Re:What the heck? by Deathlizard · · Score: 5, Informative

      1) Modders hate Minecraft Server code because it does nothing but play minecraft.
      2) Modders Steal Minecraft Server code, Modify it, and GPL it. Thus Developing Bukkit
      3) Other Coders as well as original Modders (now Bukkit Devs) add Code to Bukkit to make it better.
      4) Mojang instead of DMCA'ing the Hell out of Bukkit, hires all major Bukkit Devs, Allows Bukkit to continue.
      5) Mojang enforces clause in EULA, making Play to Win servers Illegal. Since P2W is the primary method most MC Servers survive on, Drama Ensues.
      6) Lead Bukkit Dev over EULA Enforcement pulls a Cartman, Says "Screw you Guys! I'm A Goin Hume" and ends bukkit.
      7) Mojang says "Not so fast! We bought Bukkit when we hired devs and the original devs will continue it". Since Bukkit asset sales were never disclosed when the devs got hired, More Drama Ensues.
      8) Wolvereness asks Mojang if Stolen MC code is GPL since they own Bukkit now. Mojang says No. DMCA's Bukkit and all derivatives due to stolen MC code not GPL'd and Therefore GPL on Bukkit is not valid and he wants his code back.

    17. Re: What the heck? by Yakasha · · Score: 3, Informative
      1. Somebody decompiled Mojang's minecraft server, creating bukkit, released under GPL.
      2. Wolfe contributes code to bukkit
      3. Mojang buys bukkit
      4. Mojang releases update to bukkit that includes decompiled code and wolfe's GPL'd contributions.

      Wolfe believes point #4 is what makes the problems. Mojang has now released a piece of software that includes their own decompiled code and wolfe's gpl code. Wolfe believes the fact that the MineCraft server code was sent through the washing machine (compiled-decompiled-compiled) before being released is irrelevant to the gpl license, so the original server code must be released.

    18. Re: What the heck? by pcolaman · · Score: 2, Interesting

      You moronic asshole (see, I can do it too). You are not understanding the fact that there is ZERO GPL violations in the Minecraft server. The whole issue of GPL violations is with Bukkit and CraftBukkit, which this guy did work on. And the irony here is that they had to reverse engineer the Minecraft Server software in order to make Bukkit/CraftBukkit work. In short, not only does Wolfe have no ground to stand on in terms of the Minecraft Server software being open sourced but also he's basically torpedoing the software that he helped to create. I'm guessing the dude is going to have trouble finding friends in the Minecraft Development Community before long.

    19. Re: What the heck? by beelsebob · · Score: 1

      Even if it were the original code. That would mean that the modder is the one violating mojang's copyright, not the reverse.

    20. Re: What the heck? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Wish I could give you +5 Insightful since you're about the only person who explains it correctly...but I'm an AC.

    21. Re: What the heck? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      The Minecraft Modding Community is a bunch of whiney dickheads who don't understand the GPL and only follow software licenses when it suits them, but expect everyone else to follow their licenses to the letter. In other words, they are all exactly like this guy, and this whole debacle was nothing but an accident waiting to happen. And anyone who pointed this out was banned from the Bukkit forums.

    22. Re: What the heck? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Informative

      Wolfe never claimed that the Minecraft is distributed in violation of the GPL. He rightly claims that Bukkit is distributed in violation of the GPL, because it contains parts of Minecraft server that aren't licensed under the GPL, and that license violation is grounds for the DMCA takedown (no license to distribute means distribution is a copyright violation, thus the justified takedown notice). The submitter, apparently in an attempt to sway opinions, omitted a link to the actual takedown notice or any other source explaining the claim. Instead we get to read only the other side's responses and conjectures ("must release the Minecraft server code") which are not supported by the actual claim.

      Calling an author of software that you want to use for free an "asshole" just because he insists that the license of his code is not violated is indeed being an ungrateful little shit.

    23. Re: What the heck? by Kjella · · Score: 5, Insightful

      As I understand it Bukkit is a mod licensed under the GPL. The Minecraft server is proprietary. They don't share any code, so individually they're not derivates of anything. CraftBukkit combines the server code with the mod code. This is illegal both ways - the server license doesn't let you link to Bukkit, the Bukkit license doesn't let you link to the proprietary server. Mojang could have shut down CraftBukkit any time they wanted to. But so can any of the Bukkit developers, because it's not in compliance with the GPL either. In this case it looks like neither side has seen in their interest to shut this down - until now.

      They're not using the DMCA against the server. They're not claiming they have any legal rights to the server. What they are doing is shutting down any mod or add-on that depends on illegal linking and saying the only way to make this legally compliant is if Minecraft decides to GPL their source code. If they don't all these derivates will remain illegal and the copyright will now be enforced. They're hoping that the Minecraft community has become so dependent on these illegal derivates that Mojave will cave and release the code. Yes, he is using the code for extortion by first writing the code knowing it would be used in violation of copyright and then using copyright law as leverage once it's popular. But this is all the legal kind, you can never be charged for threatening to enforce the law.

      --
      Live today, because you never know what tomorrow brings
    24. Re:What the heck? by Deathlizard · · Score: 3, Informative

      They Decompiled and Deobfuscated the original MC code and modified it to create Bukkit.
      Mojang Terms says "2) Do not redistribute our games or any alterations of our game files."
      Considering that Bukkit is redistributed alterations of the original server game files, "Stole" is in the right context.

    25. Re:What the heck? by mark-t · · Score: 1

      What would they have to replace, exactly? Mojang didn't violate any license or copyright.

    26. Re:What the heck? by mark-t · · Score: 4, Interesting
      The problem with this, you realize, is that Wolfe's contributions are highly in demand in the Minecraft community, and if Mojang does this, the community as a whole will probably just turn on Mojang, even if Mojang isn't actually legally in the wrong here, because the party who *IS* in the wrong happens to control something that a lot of people really want.

      In a nutshell, Wolfe is risking it all on the notion that his contributions have given him a controlling mindshare over Minecraft. This is going to end ugly.

    27. Re: What the heck? by Anaerin · · Score: 1

      The "Parts of Minecraft" are decompiled and unobfuscated by a third party from the Java binary that Mojang distribute. These parts infringe on Mojang's copyright, and have never been licensed for use anywhere. Technically, Mojang were doing the community a favour by not issuing legal challenges and takedowns for this illegal decompilation of their work.

      Oh, and unless I've missed something, Wolfe can't issue a DMCA for his own code, as he has already licensed it under the GPL, and is not allowed to withdraw that license.

    28. Re: What the heck? by pepty · · Score: 1

      He rightly claims that Bukkit is distributed in violation of the GPL, because it contains parts of Minecraft server that aren't licensed under the GPL, and that license violation is grounds for the DMCA takedown /p>

      OK, I'm confused. Bukkit contains parts of Minecraft server or reverse engineered parts of Minecraft server?

    29. Re: What the heck? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Then again, things may seem a little different here since it's Java and I think using "decompilation" on the byte code produces code that is likely to be extremely close to the original. But it doesn't really seem that different.

      So if i take your source code and just sed all the variable and function names to be different, leaving all other aspects 100% identical, I now own your code?

      Good to know!

    30. Re: What the heck? by bwcbwc · · Score: 2

      In other words, some idiot is trying to blackmail Mojang into open-sourcing Minecraft server by linking to Mojang's non-Open code into a GPL licensed product and then claiming that Mojang needs to release the source code to be compliant with the GPL? I know that the GPL states that all code needed to compile and link a GPLproduct must be available, but this is backwards. If there is Minecraft server code linked in CraftBukkit, that just means Craftbukkit and anything that links to it can't use GPL. You can't use the GPL to force open a non-open product that you elected to link to in your code. That just means you've misused the GPL in your own code.

      Didn't someone already try this with proprietary graphics drivers in Linux?

      --
      We are the 198 proof..
    31. Re: What the heck? by pepty · · Score: 4, Funny

      As I understand it Bukkit is a mod licensed under the GPL. The Minecraft server is proprietary. They don't share any code, so individually they're not derivates of anything. CraftBukkit combines the server code with the mod code. This is illegal both ways - the server license doesn't let you link to Bukkit, the Bukkit license doesn't let you link to the proprietary server.

      You either just described what the argument is about in an accurate, succinct and understandable way (a first for this thread) or you are completely wrong in a succinct and understandable way. You should really do technical writing or PR on the side, depending on which is true.

    32. Re:What the heck? by Anaerin · · Score: 3, Informative

      This DMCA takedown request is invalid. And it all comes down to the statement "As the Minecraft Server software is included in CraftBukkit, and the original code has not been provided or its use authorized, this is a violation of my copyright". That statement is incorrect. It is a violation of MOJANG's copyright (As they are the copyright holders of the original server software, which has been decompiled and partially deobfuscated in this case). Wolfe's contributions are licensed under the GPL, and he can't withdraw that license, so he is in no situation to order a takedown on his own code. And he can't order a takedown based on Mojang's code, as he doesn't own that copyright either.

    33. Re: What the heck? by Anaerin · · Score: 1

      Mojang have never touched the Bukkit source, it is based entirely on the community's work.

    34. Re: What the heck? by bwcbwc · · Score: 1, Interesting

      So they're blackmailing Mojang...

      Bad move when Mojang is finally making progress on their own Mod API.

      The other way to make this legal is to change the license on Bukkit/CraftBukkit to something more liberal. They won't be able to do this retroactively, so someone may decide to pursue this idiocy on a back-level GPL-based fork, but at least the main project could legally license under CC by-sa, BSD, Apache or possibly even LGPL.

      --
      We are the 198 proof..
    35. Re: What the heck? by CaptnZilog · · Score: 1

      I don't see how the situation creates a GPL violation. It sounds, in fact, like the copyright that is violated is the copyright Mojang holds for Server, and Mojang has been kind enough to not press charges.

      Sounds like it to me, they decompiled/reverse-engineered the Mojang *non-GPL* code, and Mojang was decent enough not to try to take them to court over revealing their own proprietary code. A lot of companies would have sued their butts off.

    36. Re: What the heck? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      If Minecraft code (or any other code) is distributed with Wolfe's code to form a derived work of Wolfe's code, then it has to be GPL licensed or it's a copyright violation. GPL code is not in the public domain. You need a license to distribute it. If you don't abide by the GPL, you don't have a license and are thus prohibited from distributing the code.

    37. Re: What the heck? by F.Ultra · · Score: 1

      So is this some failed attempt from Wolfe to open source the MInecraft server by somehow implying that Bukkit and and CraftBukkit can not be legally distributed unless Mojang relicenses Minecraft Server?

    38. Re: What the heck? by F.Ultra · · Score: 1

      So Bukkit is licenses with something else than the GPL? Because there is nothing in the GPL that forbids you from linking with propietary code like the Minecraft Server, it can only be applied to code that links with the GPL:d data, not the other way around.

    39. Re: What the heck? by Rockoon · · Score: 1

      The "Parts of Minecraft" are decompiled and unobfuscated by a third party

      Not any more.. Mojang purchased Bukkit. Its no longer "3rd party" its "1st party"

      --
      "His name was James Damore."
    40. Re: What the heck? by kimvette · · Score: 5, Informative

      ". If somebody is using GPL code and refuses to issue source, it's cut and dried, guilty."

      Wrong.

      If you implement a web server, an e-commerce service, or anything involving = GPLv2-based projects but you do not distribute the binaries then you are under NO obligation to release the source code. That requirement only arises if you DISTRIBUTE binaries derived from the = GPLv2-licensed source code.

      GPLv3 changes things a bit but that doesn't seem to be the issue here.

      --
      The Christian Right is Neither (Christian nor right). See: Matthew 23, Matthew 25, Ezekiel 16:48-50
    41. Re: What the heck? by NotSanguine · · Score: 1

      Apparently Mojang, since they bought Bukkit, are using GPL code which is in Bukkit. Mojang also owns Minecraft. Parts of Minecraft are allegedly also included in Bukkit, but the source to these parts of Bukkit (and Minecraft) is not provided, which makes the distribution of Bukkit a license violation.

      IANAL, but it seems to me that Mojang could address this issue (as many other commercial software vendors do) by releasing source code for Bukkit under the GPL. Since the MInecraft server isn't GPL'd and is not a derivative work of Bukkit (quite the opposite, if I understand this correctly), there is no requirement for the MInecraft server to be GPL'd.

      Once that was done, Mojang could sue the asses off of whoever decompiled their Proprietary code (turnabout is fair play, no?). Problem solved. Are there any IP lawyers out there who could comment?

      --
      No, no, you're not thinking; you're just being logical. --Niels Bohr
    42. Re: What the heck? by leuk_he · · Score: 2

      Almost there. Wolfse made part of the GPL code. However the Bukkit project is not gpl compliant because the entire code contains decompiled java server code. What wolfse thinks is since the project is not GPL compliant, (part is gpl, part is just working) he can put in a dcma. However his code is GPL, so he cannot withdraw that license.

      Mojang is the copyright holder of the server code, he surely would be able to put in a take down request.

      This is like linus putting a takedown request at redhat because their kernel is linked to non-gpl driver blobs to force nvidea to open source their drivers.

      The problem is the risk: fighting this DCMA takedown requires expensive lawyer, and there is a small risk that wolfse has some reasoning that a court will agree with. In that case the costs will be so high, that the "in their free time"projects would make them bankrupt or something like that.

    43. Re: What the heck? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Distributing the entirety, including his GPL licensed code, requires a license, which is easily obtained by complying with the terms of the GPL. That requires licensing the rest of the code under the GPL as well. If this requirement isn't met, then the distributor of the entire program has no license to distribute, which makes the distribution a violation of the copyright to the parts of the software which are "GPL licensed" (in quotes because they aren't actually GPL licensed if they are distributed in violation of the license).

      Yes, that is the same situation as with distributing the Linux kernel and proprietary drivers linked together. That's why proprietary Linux drivers use an open source shim and distribute the proprietary parts separately. Any kernel contributor (not just Torvalds) could indeed prevent anyone from distributing the kernel with linked-in proprietary drivers.

    44. Re:What the heck? by Zenin · · Score: 2

      Yes and no...

        Mojang didn't originally violate any license or infringe on copyright. Bukkit were always the ones in violation (of Mojang's license and copyright infringement). ...But now, Mojang "bought" Bukkit (the name and infrastructure, but not the code assets). This is where things get weird.

      Mojang/Bukkit is no longer in violation of Mojang's copyright, but neither is the Bukkit package in compliance with the GPL. Although that actually isn't clear either:

      A) Mojang/Bukkit are distributing the complete "source" to Bukkit (via the decompiled Minecraft server code). Although...that decompiled code isn't under GPL...

      B) Bukkit is the derivative (much like writing a GPL driver for Windows, or in general the issues of linking GPL code to non-GPL code: http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gp...

      Does Bukkit's license have the exception called for in the GPL FAQ linked above? Maybe, but it may not matter. Legally the exception may be considered implied because it was/is required and the distributor (the original Bukkit coders) knew/know that.

      But reguardless...Mojang could easily side step the whole issue by stripping the Mojang/Bukkit distributable of all non-GPL code (ie, the decompiled Minecraft server code). So long as Mojang/Bukkit doesn't distribute GPL/non-GPL mixed binaries (ie, only distributes Bukkit source sans Minecraft source), they aren't in violation. The GPL only requires you distribute source for the binaries you distribute and it is not a violation to simply distribute source that can't be compiled or can only be compiled once "brewed" locally with non-GPL code by the end user. While that end-user can't legally distribute their non-compliant binaries, they can legally use them themselves.

      And Mojang can count on the InterWebz to make available "unofficial" distributions of the needed decompiled Minecraft code and/or distributing (in violation) compiled binaries. Mojang isn't responsible for other people violating licenses (even as they benifit from the activity) and is under no obligation to expend effort or coin to pursue them. The butthurt Bukkit devs would need to do that legwork on their own dime if they cared.

      --
      My /. uid is better then your /. uid
    45. Re:What the heck? by Maxo-Texas · · Score: 1

      I don't think they tried to claim GPL viral.

      I think Wess said "You can't use my GPL code unless you GPL the MC code" and there is a risk that one or more other programmers might be wait to DMCA until after they recode Wess's work.

      Otherwise, my impression is what you said is accurate.

      --
      She was like chocolate when she drank... semi-sweet at first and then increasingly bitter.
    46. Re:What the heck? by Maxo-Texas · · Score: 1

      Minecraft players on large multiplayer servers comprise a fairly small part of minecraft's player base these days. This won't affect minecraft on PS3,4,Xbox, and solo play on PC's. It will have limited effect on small servers (1-6 players).

      It mostly effects people who play on servers with 7+ players.

      --
      She was like chocolate when she drank... semi-sweet at first and then increasingly bitter.
    47. Re: What the heck? by Kjella · · Score: 1

      You should really do technical writing or PR on the side, depending on which is true.

      I wish I could get around to ever documenting anything, usually I'm too busy making systems work in an accurate, succinct and understandable way. Technical writing can only unfuck so much of a convoluted mess and I definitively lack the patience and bullshit skills for public relations.

      --
      Live today, because you never know what tomorrow brings
    48. Re:What the heck? by rochrist · · Score: 1

      So, this guy caused a license violation, sold said license-violating code to Mojang, and now is DMCA-ing their ass over the same license-violating code he created and then sold to Mojang? Nice work, if you can get it.

    49. Re:What the heck? by Altrag · · Score: 1

      Yeah this one's confusing me too. I'm pretty sure GPL doesn't work that way either as I don't think there's a blackmail clause included. Unless Mojang actually incorporates Bukkit code into the base MC product at some point, the GPL pretty much has nothing to say on this issue.

      The fact that an unproven (and almost certainly unfounded) DMCA claim can prevent one of the most popular mods to one of the most popular games out there just goes to show how wholly lopsided the DMCA is.

      Now if Wess wants to try and prove that some Bukkit code has made it back into vanilla MC, he might have the start of a case.. but I'm guessing that will be a pretty steep uphill battle given that Mojang has never to my knowledge attempted to duplicate Bukkit's capabilities to any great extent never mind being lazy enough to directly copy code (which at the very least would be a terrible hassle if Mojang's internal symbols aren't exactly the same as the ones the renamers fill in after decompiling.)

    50. Re: What the heck? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Informative

      Bad move when Mojang is finally making progress on their own Mod API.

      Mojang's Mod API *is* Bukkit. Why do you think they hired four Bukkit developers? Why do you think this guy is pissed off in the first place?

    51. Re: What the heck? by Maxo-Texas · · Score: 1

      Mojang didn't' buy bukkit.

      They hired four developers and bought the rights to the name "bukkit" and bought the repository.

      The code is still GPL and could had been forked to "Hakkit" up to the DMCA.

      I think the developers may have given rights to the code they wrote to Mojang (that's unclear).

      So Mojang didn't release Bukkit.

      Mojang is paying four developers to work on a GPL project, Bukkit.

      Many companies pay developers to work on open source projects.

      --
      She was like chocolate when she drank... semi-sweet at first and then increasingly bitter.
    52. Re: What the heck? by WillerZ · · Score: 1

      Illegal means "in violation of the law".

      All crime is illegal, not all illegality is crime.

      --
      I guess today is a passable day to die.
    53. Re: What the heck? by reve_etrange · · Score: 2

      Bukkit contains parts of Minecraft server or reverse engineered parts of Minecraft server?

      It's decompiled. Java is actually pretty easy to decompile well, for example here is a good decompiler which I sometimes use. Even has IDE plugins...

      --
      .: Semper Absurda :.
    54. Re: What the heck? by blackorzar · · Score: 1

      Yes, this is what the developer is arguing. The issue is not with the server but with the mod.

    55. Re: What the heck? by Yaztromo · · Score: 1

      OK, I don't get it either. If somebody is using GPL code and refuses to issue source, it's cut and dried, guilty. But I can't make out whether this is what is going on.

      Nit-pick here, but using GPL code doesn't require you to issue source, even if you've made modifications. It's not until you distribute said modified code that you need to release source (and even then, you only technically have to provide source to those you've distributed binaries to, and not just anyone who happens to request it).

      Thus if I take some GPL code, modify it, and use it in an internal process that isn't shared with anyone, there is no requirements for me to make sources available. But as soon as I share the artifacts with anyone else, they have the right to my source modifications, and all those rights entail.

      How that relates to this case, I have no idea.

      Yaz

    56. Re: What the heck? by PC_THE_GREAT · · Score: 1

      Why the heck would someone decompile an opensource software to know what it is doing so as to write that software again? That must be a guy who doesn't have anything to do, since he could just have read the source code and figured a different way of doing it.

    57. Re:What the heck? by DrJimbo · · Score: 1

      2. Bukkit contains Minecraft server code.

      Correction: Bukkit contains decompiled, deobfuscated Minecraft server code. This code is already being made available. Why on earth would Mojang have to also make their original source code available? At worst, Mojang will have to LGPL the decompiled code they are already distributing as if it were LGPLed.

      If I GPL a crippled version of my source code with all the comments stripped out, I am not obligated to give you the commented version for free.

      --
      We don't see the world as it is, we see it as we are.
      -- Anais Nin
    58. Re: What the heck? by Maxo-Texas · · Score: 2

      Yea, I should have put a link to the DMCA-- certainly not the full text tho. That would have been over kill.

      I wasn't trying to sway opinions, just report the story.

      My primary interest in the story was the risk that if 100 people contribute to a GPL project which is tainted in some way, then anyone of them can shut the project down for a while by denying use of their contributions. They can even do this for a shorter period of time if the project *isn't* tainted in any way.

      Bukkit was very popular and a lot of other programmers based a lot of work on it. All their projects are dead now too.

      It's a risk you need to watch out for before you put significant time into a GPL project. People should be aware to check for that risk.

      I wanted to see what informed people like you had to say about the situation.

      Don't assume malice on the part of the submitters.

      --
      She was like chocolate when she drank... semi-sweet at first and then increasingly bitter.
    59. Re: What the heck? by khallow · · Score: 1

      Where's the evidence that someone isn't complying with the GPL?

    60. Re: What the heck? by reve_etrange · · Score: 1

      Or, as in this case, if your GPL code links code or (binary blobs, see Linux kernel) available only under incompatible licenses, then you need to use a GPL shim and distribute the non-GPL part separately. It's actually the GPL project which is non-compliant here.

      --
      .: Semper Absurda :.
    61. Re: What the heck? by mrchaotica · · Score: 1

      Mojang actually hired some of the Bukkit developers, so they own at least part of it.

      No it doesn't. It means that any future code they contribute while employed might be under Mojang's copyright as a "work for hire," but it doesn't mean the developers' previous contributions magically become Mojang's unless there's a separate copyright assignment agreement.

      --

      "[Regarding the 'cloud,'] ownership was what made America different than Russia." -- Woz

    62. Re: What the heck? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Informative

      The DMCA takedown notice is against Craftbukkit, which undisputedly contains de-/re-compiled Minecraft server code and GPL code by Wolfe. In the DMCA takedown notice, the COO of Mojang is quoted rejecting GPL licensing for any Minecraft server code. That makes the distribution of a combination of the two a GPL violation (but not a violation of the Minecraft server code copyright, because Mojang owns the project which distributes the mod, and they can't violate their own copyright.)

    63. Re: What the heck? by reve_etrange · · Score: 1

      Mojang could have shut down CraftBukkit any time they wanted to. But so can any of the Bukkit developers, because it's not in compliance with the GPL either.

      I guess you missed that Mojang is now the owner/distributor of both Bukkit and CraftBukkit? Of course they don't hold copyright for all of the various previous commits to Bukkit. So, indeed as you say, one of the Bukkit developers is asserting copyright to prevent Mojang from using Bukkit in CraftBukkit while the "Craft" part of that is incompatibly licensed.

      --
      .: Semper Absurda :.
    64. Re: What the heck? by reve_etrange · · Score: 1

      It's right, but not quite complete. Mojang is now the developer of CraftBukkit and Bukkit. So one of the previous Bukkit developers is asserting their copyright to try and prevent Mojang (or anyone) from distributing the infringing CraftBukkit mod.

      Again, the parent is also missing the important point that any individual person is still perfectly within their rights if they personally compile and use CraftBukkit. Only distribution of the GPL/incompatible combo code/binaries is prohibited.

      --
      .: Semper Absurda :.
    65. Re: What the heck? by reve_etrange · · Score: 1

      Because there is nothing in the GPL that forbids you from linking with propietary code like the Minecraft Server

      True, but the GPL certainly does prohibit you from distributing the combination. That is why the Linux kernel uses GPL shims for binary driver blobs which are themselves distributed separately.

      --
      .: Semper Absurda :.
    66. Re: What the heck? by Agent+ME · · Score: 2

      Wolf's DMCA takedown is against Bukkit, not the Minecraft server.

    67. Re: What the heck? by naris · · Score: 1

      Somebody, Wesley Wolfe (Wolvereness), contributed code to an Open Source, GPLed project that plugs into (links to) to a proprietary game. He is now claiming that since there is a GPLed plugin that links to the Proprietary code, that the author of said code now has to release it to the Public Domain.

    68. Re:What the heck? by Agent+ME · · Score: 1

      The DMCA claim is against Bukkit, not the Minecraft server itself.

      >The fact that an unproven (and almost certainly unfounded) DMCA claim

      Wolf contributed code to the Bukkit project under the GPL license. Turns out the Bukkit project does not follow the GPL license, therefore it's being distributed against Wolf's license. Unless you believe that Wolf is only pretending to have been a Bukkit contributor, or if you believe that the Minecraft server's code (which parts of Bukkit are based on) is GPL'd, then Wolf's claim is apparently valid.

    69. Re: What the heck? by naris · · Score: 2

      Using that logic, and the logic of the complainant, then Microsoft will surely have to release Windows source code because GPL software has been written to run on it and now must comply with the GPL.

    70. Re: What the heck? by naris · · Score: 3, Informative

      You are confused. No commercial entity took GPL code. What happened is that a GPL Project took commercial code. The GPL code is a derivative of the commercial code, the commercial code contains absolutely no GPL code. The GPL code is the mod.

    71. Re:What the heck? by Agent+ME · · Score: 1

      Wolfe's contributions are licensed under the GPL. The CraftBukkit distribution contains Wolfe's contributions, but violates the GPL, therefore it's a violation of his copyright. It's likely that CraftBukkit is also a violation of Mojang's copyright simultaneously, but two copyright violations certainly do not negate each other and make the project legal again.

    72. Re: What the heck? by pcolaman · · Score: 1

      No shit, and my comment was directed at the AC who somehow thinks that Wolfe can try to force Mojang's hand. Yeah, he can make them take down the binaries all day long, but he has no leg to stand on in trying to force them to open source the server. I doubt Mojang would even consider it. It's much more likely if they had to that they would discontinue Bukkit/CraftBukkit and create their own modding engine (which I believe they have been working on in preparation for the modding API anyways).

    73. Re: What the heck? by Agent+ME · · Score: 1

      Wolfe sent his takedown notice after Mojang asserted that they owned the Bukkit project and were going to continue it after one of the main Bukkit devs stepped down. You're right that Wolfe can't force them to do anything besides take it down.

      If Mojang does actually want to continue the project and bring it back up, then they'll have to rewrite the GPL parts, negotiate with all the contributors, or release the Minecraft server under the GPL too.

    74. Re: What the heck? by pcolaman · · Score: 1

      Honestly I found Bukkit to always be very buggy in many aspects, probably in part to the way it was designed. I know I have no say on the decision, but if I were Notch and company, I'd take the useful stuff that they can get negotiated rights for out of Bukkit, firebomb the rest of it and create their own mod engine from the ground up.

    75. Re: What the heck? by khallow · · Score: 1

      So there's no actual demonstration of a violation of the license.

    76. Re: What the heck? by Agent+ME · · Score: 1

      Mojang has been promising their own modding API soon for years now. They've been relying on Bukkit's existence as a crutch without ever bothering to fix its legal situation, and Wolfe called them out for it. Hopefully this will get them to finally hurry up with their own official modding API now.

    77. Re: What the heck? by Deathlizard · · Score: 1

      Might as well add to my post...

      9) Mojang COO says stuff no one cares about.
      10) Majority of Bukkit devs do their best Cartman Impressions.
      11) Other outside and secondary server projects debate whether they should put on their red shirt and blue hat.

      At this point in time. Bukkit is dead regardless of the outcome. If I was Mojang I would name the next update the MODAPI update if they are serious about continuing server mod development.

    78. Re: What the heck? by pcolaman · · Score: 1

      Yeah, perhaps in a hidden way maybe this is some of the motivation for Wolfe to do this. In that case, I fully support the DMCA take down notice if it lights a fire under Mojang to finally get serious about the modding API.

    79. Re: What the heck? by Audguy · · Score: 1

      Thank you for explaining that! I always thought it was some snooty neck beard that didn't want his precious OS tainted by close sourced drivers. (a real b-witch when starting a live cd and your wireless is one of those you have to download and reboot for)

    80. Re:What the heck? by martin-boundary · · Score: 1

      Can this be expressed as a simple bulleted list. Too much lawyer. Many nomenclature.

      And for those of use who are more comfortable with steering wheels than bullets, maybe a car analogy too?

    81. Re:What the heck? by bug1 · · Score: 1

      Stolen is never the right term to use in conjuction with intellectual property, stolen implies the item in question is transitive.

      Licence or contract violation are the words your probably looking for.

    82. Re:What the heck? by rar · · Score: 1

      Many seemingly confused and/or contradictory summaries here...

      Here is my attempt:
      1. Company (Mojang) releases game (Minecraft) + multiplayer server under closed license
      2. Third party uses decompilation to create derivative work of server. Creates GPL project (CraftBukkit) in violation of both Mojang's license and the GPL (all code must be GPL). Mojang does *not* try to stop the unlawful redistribution.
      3. An individual (Wolfe) contributes GPL code to this project.
      4. Mojang hires devs of CraftBukkit and thus gets 'some kind of control' over CraftBukkit.
      5. Wolfe submits DCMA takedown to those who redistribute CraftBukkit becasue it is in violation of his code's GPL, since it is distributed integrated with non-GPL code.

      Note that *redistribution* is the key for the GPL license. The important question is thus: did Mojang ever *redistribute* CraftBukkit themselves? If they did, at that time they released the *decompilated* server code at whatever license it was specified. But, if there is nothing resembling an official Mojang release of a Bukkit binary or code, then nothing of this matters for them. The only people who then are in the wrong are the ones who redistributed a combination of a GPL and Mojangs closed source. They are liable both to Mojang (who are not currently complaining) AND the people who's GPLd code are used (one individual who now IS complaining). Per the DMCA takedowns they have to stop this redistribution.

      Furthermore, IF Mojang did distribute this binary or code themselves, it appears some people (possibly Wolfe?) argues that this requires them to also open the original source code of the game server. That is an actually very interesting non-obvious license discussion. Personally, I don't *think* it has legal standing. The fact that Bukkit was built on top of the decompiled code makes Bukkit more of a normal derivative work from the decompiled code than the original minecraft server code. It would be a widely different matter if someone contributed obfuscated code to an already existing GPL project and then redistributed the combination.

    83. Re: What the heck? by Bing+Tsher+E · · Score: 1

      What makes it even more intricate is that the GPL project makes use of the decompiled code to hook into the proprietary binary. In other words, the decompiled and deobfuscated 'code' block needs to be re-created sort of from scratch with each new binary release from Mojang. That's why with each new release from Mojang all the mods have to be 'retweaked' to work with the new release, which results in an awkward resynch of everything that is mod based. The 'decompiled and deobfuscated' code has to re redone each time Mojang has a new release.

    84. Re: What the heck? by Bing+Tsher+E · · Score: 1

      Succintly, a number of people have been profitting by putting up mulitplayer servers using in part Mojangs code, combined with Buckit and other what-not mod code. They sell Minecraft players access to their servers. This is not allowed by Mojang, who distribute the server binary free for noncommercial use. Mojang takes control of situation by hiring key Buckitt devs and bringing the codebase closer to in-house.

      Butthurt dev lashes out in way he considers possible.

    85. Re: What the heck? by Bing+Tsher+E · · Score: 1

      Mojang hired a number of the key Bukkit devs and rights to the Bukkit name. A guy who works for Joe's Plumbing and hacks code on his day off could be decompiling and prepping the Mojang binary.

    86. Re: What the heck? by makomk · · Score: 1

      From what I can tell, it wasn't just one of the main Bukkit devs that stepped down, it was a joint decision by everyone who was participating in Bukkit development at the time. Many of their resignatiion statements are up on bukkit.org right now.

    87. Re: What the heck? by mdielmann · · Score: 1

      There is a fundamental difference between reverse engineering and reverse compilation. Copying someone's work, with or without the intermediate step of making it human-readable, is different than examining the functionality of some work and producing an original work that functions the same way (which may still be considered a derived work, depending on what and how it's made).

      This is not relevant to whether Mojang is using GPL'd software in a different, related, project or not.

      --
      Sure I'm paranoid, but am I paranoid enough?
    88. Re: What the heck? by Maxo-Texas · · Score: 1

      Please reread what you quoted.

      Until the moment the DMCA was filed, the code was still considered "GPL" and open source and could have been forked. My point was Mojang didn't own or control the source.

      Yes of course it was violating Mojang's copyright and yes of course it wasn't actually legitimate. However... Mojang has allowed that for literally years and would have continued to do so in the future until they turned "evil" (probably after they released their own API- but maybe never) so the violation of Mojang's copyrights isn't what shut things down.

      The issue didn't become critical until the programmer filed the DMCA. Now Bukkit is dead as are all the projects, mods, mini games, etc. that depended on it. It was a choice the programmer made that the programmer *had the right to make* but it hurt a lot of bystanders.

      Servers will probably use the last version they had and in 3-6 months something will replace it. It's happened before. It's the internet- damaged areas are routed around. And it's probably for the best because it puts pressure on Mojang to prioritize the official API higher. They were already working on it pretty seriously for the last 20 months or so.

      --
      She was like chocolate when she drank... semi-sweet at first and then increasingly bitter.
    89. Re: What the heck? by Maxo-Texas · · Score: 1

      One of the ironic things is that that Bukkit community was getting upset with Mojang for making changes to the internals necessary to bring out their API because it was breaking Bukkit and making a lot of work for them to stay in compliance.

      And least I think it's ironic. Perhaps it's sardonic.

      Minecraft has had a lot of API preparatory refactoring for the last 20 months or so.

      I appreciate all the work they did on the project and had donated to servers that used their work.

      --
      She was like chocolate when she drank... semi-sweet at first and then increasingly bitter.
    90. Re: What the heck? by Maxo-Texas · · Score: 1

      Mojang is very explicit.

      You may charge for access to your server.

      You may charge for banners, colored things, vanity items. You may charge for having bright yellow letters saying "VIP" in front of your name.

      You may not charge extra and give different/extra items that help players beat the game and other players to only some players.

      For example...

      You may charge $15 for server access and give EVERYONE the same amount of free diamonds, invisibility potions, and sharpness V swords.

      You may NOT charge $5 for 10 diamonds, $3 for 10 invisibility potions, and $1 for a sharpness V sword.

      I.e. you are not allowed players to "pay to win" on your server. Apparently they were getting a lot of complaints from customers or parents of customers about servers using this business model. Some have alleged that bukkit members were connected with or running P2W servers so that's why they were so upset.

      Reading the bukkit goodbye's, it was probably a lot more complex than that. Some were probably running P2W servers, many were just burned out, some were upset that the original 4 founders of bukkit got jobs but they didn't (and some were apparently more active than some of the 4 founders). At least 6 non founders had made significant contributions to the project.

      And a lot took Mojang owning the name and the repository/distribution setup to mean Mojang owned Bukkit.

      I think Wes felt bukkit had enough stroke to force Mojang's to give in.

      I also think Wes misjudged things, ruined his rep with a lot of people and perhaps with potential employers.

      --
      She was like chocolate when she drank... semi-sweet at first and then increasingly bitter.
    91. Re: What the heck? by rioki · · Score: 1

      You can change the license of a work when you get all copyright holder to agree, that includes GPL'ed code. If you get all but Wolfe's agreement, all you need to do is (cvs|svn|git) blame and remove each line that is attributed to Wolfe. After that you can make is "all rights reserved" if the copyright holders agree.

    92. Re:What the heck? by Des+Herriott · · Score: 1

      Wolfe didn't do the original decompiling of Mojang's code and combining it with GPL'd and LGPL'd code. That was done by individuals who were since hired by Mojang as developers for their own planned modding API.

      So while Wolfe's contributed a huge amount of GPL'd code to Bukkit/CraftBukkit, he's not the original infringer. If Mojang want to sue, they'll basically have to sue their own employees (whom they hired knowing full well that they'd been releasing decompiled Mojang code).

      CraftBukkit has never been legally licensed. That does not however invalidate the copyright that Wolfe (and every other contributor) has over his own contributions. And he does maintain copyright since Mojang have never required contributors to agree to a Contributor License Agreement.

    93. Re: What the heck? by rioki · · Score: 1

      After reading some more about it, the case actually is cut and clear. There are not really thee bits of software, but only two. There is bukkit that is distributed under GPL and there is CraftBukkit that is distributed under GPL. So far everything is simple and clean, the GPL is not violated. There is one minor problem, CraftBukkit contains the decompiled source code of the Minrecraft server. Since CraftBukkit is released under the GPL, that part of code is released under the GPL too;as asserted by the CraftBukkit developers. (Any claim otherwise disregards the GPL.) The only valid infringement of copyright / licensing terms are against the developers who decompiled the mincreaft server and added it to CraftBukkit, in favor of Mojang. The put's Wesley's assertion the GPL was violated as completely erroneous. Mojang's copyright was violated, but they seem to be ok with it.

    94. Re: What the heck? by anyGould · · Score: 1

      The problem is the risk: fighting this DCMA takedown requires expensive lawyer, and there is a small risk that wolfse has some reasoning that a court will agree with. In that case the costs will be so high, that the "in their free time"projects would make them bankrupt or something like that.

      There's a simpler problem - you're trying to blackmail Mojang into open-sourcing code by holding hostage a fan project on the side. Wolfse has killed the bukkit project, but that just pisses off all the server/plugin owners. Vanilla Minecraft will continue on it's merry way while other programmers re-write his contributions.

      And Wolfse has the problem of ever finding a programming job again.

    95. Re: What the heck? by F.Ultra · · Score: 1

      How do you seriously consider that any form of copyright would dictate what people upstreams from you can do with their own code? Seriously!

  2. ELI5 please by cdrudge · · Score: 1, Insightful

    Since I don't play Mindcraft or pay attention to any of the politics of the game, I'm a little foggy on what exactly the issue is. If I understand things correctly Wesley Wolfe issued a DMCA takedown notice because he contributed code to one or more projects that relied on the closed source game Mindcraft. And now he or others are trying to use this to force Mindcraft to be opened?

    If that is the case, boo hoo hoo perhaps you should check the licensing before contributing code next time.

    1. Re:ELI5 please by cdrudge · · Score: 5, Informative

      NM. I found a post on Reddit that clarified it.

      Wolfe contributed code to Bukkit that was GPLed but was violating Mojang's license because it wasn't licensed under the GPL or similar. Mojang just chose to otherwise ignore the violation, but then has since acquired Bukkit. As soon as Mojang made a release, they infringed on Wolfe's GPL code contribution when they didn't release the source to the bundled Mindcraft server.

      Sounds to me that Wolfe's contribution wasn't covered under a valid license to begin with. That would mean that Mojang doesn't get to automatically use his code anyways, but also doesn't mean that Mojang needs to open Mindcraft up. Mojang just paid money for an incomplete product.

    2. Re:ELI5 please by Bing+Tsher+E · · Score: 2

      Since the Minecraft devs have full access to the source code, they are probably uniquely equipped to plug in new code to replace the sections of Bukkit that are GPL'd. Whether they'll need to use a 'cleanroom' approach is interesting to speculate on.

    3. Re:ELI5 please by aitikin · · Score: 1

      Actually, that's not quite right. From my understanding, Bukkit, a separate plugin that is dependent upon the Server, was created using GPL. As such, Bukkit itself should be GPL. But saying that the Server should be as well, that's like saying because I wrote a GPL piece of software for Windows, Windows must be GPL'd.

      --
      "Don't meddle in the affairs of a patent dragon, for thou art tasty and good with ketchup." ~ohcrapitssteve
    4. Re:ELI5 please by jythie · · Score: 1

      You hit on one of the key words, "cleanroom". No code was contributed to Bukkit by people within Mojang with access to their internal repo. So the decompiled version is GPL while the internal version is not, thus no violation.

    5. Re:ELI5 please by NemosomeN · · Score: 1

      I think it's more like "I created a tool that used part of Minecraft illegally, violating its license, but released under GPL. Now that you, owner of Minecraft, are releasing this tool, you can't be violating your own license, you must be violating the GPL by having a closed source blob, *that you have the source for*, as part of the codebase. Mojang should release the source code for that blob, and nothing else, to comply.

      --
      I hate grammar Nazi's.
    6. Re: ELI5 please by Ronin+Developer · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Wait...you are saying that decompiling minecraft's proprietary code isn't a violation of copyright? The java byte code is THEIR product. Just like using reflector to reverse compiled .net code to C# - is still represents the original owner's intellectual property.

      If this guy linked to their proprietary, non-gpl'd code and then declares that code GPL, I call bullshit. The fact that Mojang chose to ignore the violation doesn't mean he is in the right. They chose to ignore the violation because it benefited them to do so. It doesn't mean they can be compelled to release their source code.

      Frankly, this mod should be declared public domain and user beware since it was never licensed legitimately in the first place. The guy is being a jerk.

      Mojang should refactor their code, make a compatible API that can be released that can be compiled by developers which they release under GPL, MIT or some other compatible license. If they do it right, it won't break existing mods or they can provide a tool to help with the conversion process and screw the guy completely out of the equation.

      It may be an unpopular viewpoint, but this is why business is leery of the GPL and 3rd party contributions. Mojang should have been a little smarter before they acquired the toolkits and developers so they knew the ramifications of their purchase. At this point, it sounds like Mojang is being extorted since the code was never properly license in the first place.

    7. Re:ELI5 please by pcolaman · · Score: 1

      Wrong. He wrote code that went into a mod (essentially a mod that makes mods easy to interface with Minecraft). He didn't contribute a single line of code to Minecraft, which is not an open source project.

    8. Re:ELI5 please by Arker · · Score: 4, Informative

      It's a little more complicated than that.

      You didnt just write some GPL piece of software for windows, you wrote some GPL software that is so tightly integrated with Windows you actually had to reverse engineer parts of Windows and replace original system files with new ones, composed in part of what we think of as your program, and in part of your reverse-engineered best guess on the original Windows system code. Probably problematic to distributed, if Microsoft had cared, but it was boosting their sales so they didnt raise any fuss. In fact, they turned around and bought out your company instead. Took over operations, but critically did not receive the copyright to this GPL software (which was always, if I am not mistaken, owned by the contributors, not the company.)

      This is where it gets tricky. Now THEY are the ones distributing your GPL code linked to their own code, not your reverse-engineered stand-in. I am not 100% sure I am getting that part correct, but it seems to be the case. And if it is the case... then at that point Microsoft would actually be in violation of your license. They would have, as I see it, three options. They could simply quit using your code entirely, which they obviously do not want to do, and which would only prevent continuing violations but still leave them at least theoretically liable for past damages; they could GPL Windows itself, and use your code freely; or they could purchase either copyright or a side-license to continue using the code outside the GPL.

      --
      =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
      Friends don't let friends enable ecmascript.
    9. Re:ELI5 please by Anaerin · · Score: 1

      It's still the reverse-engineered (Decompiled, technically) stand-in. The original Minecraft source is not in Bukkit anywhere.

    10. Re:ELI5 please by CaptnZilog · · Score: 1

      (From GPL V3)
      A compilation of a covered work with other separate and independent works, which are not by their nature extensions of the covered work, and which are not combined with it such as to form a larger program, in or on a volume of a storage or distribution medium, is called an “aggregate” if the compilation and its resulting copyright are not used to limit the access or legal rights of the compilation's users beyond what the individual works permit. Inclusion of a covered work in an aggregate does not cause this License to apply to the other parts of the aggregate.

      I would venture to say that the mod is not an "extension of a GPL3 covered work", in fact quite the reverse - it's an extension of a non-GPL work.

    11. Re:ELI5 please by CaptnZilog · · Score: 1

      You hit on one of the key words, "cleanroom". No code was contributed to Bukkit by people within Mojang with access to their internal repo. So the decompiled version is GPL while the internal version is not, thus no violation.

      No, the decompiled version is still Mojang's code, it's not (and cannot) be GPL just because they decompiled it - any more than you could decompile a copy of MS Office, and say that the source to DecompiledOffice is now GPL.

      They *stole* Mojang's MC code, in essence, by decompiling it and distributing it. Mojang was nice enough not to take them to court over it - but that doesn't mean the code is suddenly GPL.

    12. Re:ELI5 please by seebs · · Score: 1

      There is prior art in copyright cases for courts to conclude that if you didn't have a valid license to create the work you created (say, Bukkit, which was created without proper licensing for things without which it couldn't exist), that the answer is "haha no" and you don't get copyright protection at all, and cannot make or enforce license terms. That'd be my ruling; you can't use the fact that you stole someone's stuff to create obligations in them.

      --
      My blog: http://www.seebs.net/log/ --- My iPhone/iPad app: http://www.seebs.net/seebsfrac/
    13. Re: ELI5 please by laughingskeptic · · Score: 1

      I don't think Mojang has ever been that interested in creating APIs that support the level of moding that has been going on. It's 21k lines of code, if he re-writes Bukkit, it will just be more proprietary Minecraft code and their next release will be delayed 3 months. Meanwhile Wesley Wolfe has effectively made himself unemployable.

    14. Re:ELI5 please by DrJimbo · · Score: 1

      This is where it gets tricky. Now THEY are the ones distributing your GPL code linked to their own code, not your reverse-engineered stand-in.

      If this unfounded claim were correct then the takedown notice would be valid and the Minecraft owners would be complete and utter morons. Why on earth would they go to the trouble of replacing the decompiled code with their original source code? It makes no sense. It adds no value and it means they are now only distributing CraftBukkit in binary form which would be an obvious copyright violation of the LGPL code in CraftBukkit.

      What is actually going on is the Minecraft owners are distributing source and binaries of CraftBukkit which includes decompiled code of their original Minecraft server as well as LGPLed code. At most, Minecraft would have to LGPL this decompiled code that they are distributing but since they are already acting like this decompiled code is LGPLed I see no problem here.

      --
      We don't see the world as it is, we see it as we are.
      -- Anais Nin
    15. Re:ELI5 please by Maxo-Texas · · Score: 1

      Mojang didn't buy Bukkit.

      Mojang bought the name "Bukkit", hired four of the existing developers and bought the infrastructure to support the distribution. It has no ownership on the code.

      So you have
      GPL code in a respository owned by Minecraft under a name owned by minecraft.

      Four of the programmers working on it are paid by minecraft but minecraft won't own or use the code they create for the project.

      The rest of the programmers are people working on it for free.

      The code is still GPL and could have been forked, was open source, etc.

      Put in a positive light, Mojang was paying 4 programmers to help a popular open source project because it benefited a lot of their players and drove sales.

      But they didn't own or control the source code.

      And they are working on an official API project which will make Bukkit unneeded pretty seriously for the last two releases.

      --
      She was like chocolate when she drank... semi-sweet at first and then increasingly bitter.
    16. Re: ELI5 please by Maxo-Texas · · Score: 1

      One thing to keep in mind is that even if this kills bukkit, it probably resulted in at least $26 million dollars in sales-- likely more-- while it was available.

      And that "extra" popularity resulted in a lot more sales of plush toys, magnetic stickers, foam swords, minecraft Tshirts, etc.

      But I did submit this mainly because I wanted to see people's thoughts on the GPL implications.

      --
      She was like chocolate when she drank... semi-sweet at first and then increasingly bitter.
    17. Re:ELI5 please by Agent+ME · · Score: 1

      >If that is the case, boo hoo hoo perhaps you should check the licensing before contributing code next time.

      He did. The license was GPL. He is the one issuing the takedown because the project does not follow the GPL. The project was taken down in accordance to his takedown.

      If Mojang wants to resume the Bukkit project (which they have stated they want to), it either needs to rewrite all of the GPL portions, or release the Minecraft server under the GPL.

    18. Re:ELI5 please by Agent+ME · · Score: 1

      >They *stole* Mojang's MC code, in essence, by decompiling it and distributing it. Mojang was nice enough not to take them to court over it - but that doesn't mean the code is suddenly GPL.

      You missed one of the twists: according to Mojang, Bukkit is Mojang's project. The "They" in your sentence is Mojang too. Mojang has been releasing versions of Bukkit under the GPL containing the decompiled Minecraft server code.

      Wolfe, one of the Bukkit contributors who does not work for Mojang and contributed code to Bukkit under the GPL license, has issued a takedown notice against Bukkit because it distributes his code without following the GPL license he contributed it under, and the Bukkit project has been taken down as a result.

      Mojang has stated that they wish to continue the Bukkit project, which requires one of two things to happen: They rewrite all of the GPL code in Bukkit, or they release the Minecraft server under the GPL to make Bukkit valid.

    19. Re: ELI5 please by Agent+ME · · Score: 1

      Wolfe contributed code under the GPL license. He has every right to send takedown notices against distributions of his code that do not follow his license.

    20. Re:ELI5 please by Agent+ME · · Score: 1

      >And they are working on an official API project which will make Bukkit unneeded pretty seriously for the last two releases.

      Mojang has been promising an official API is coming soon for the last several years now. Mojang has been leaning on Bukkit as a crutch. Now that they've been called on it, maybe Mojang will finally hurry up with their API.

    21. Re:ELI5 please by Agent+ME · · Score: 1

      >So you're saying Wolfe's code has been in the project for at least 2 years then, and he never made any shitstorm about it until the EULA (which was ALWAYS in place) started to be enforced?

      A little more context: Mojang hired several of the main Bukkit developers (not including Wolfe). Following the EULA drama and the fact that some of the developers knew that the Bukkit licensing was fubar, some of the main Bukkit developers stepped down and declared that the Bukkit project was ending. In response, Mojang suddenly claimed that Bukkit was a Mojang project and said that it would be continued. Wolfe responded to Mojang's assertion of ownership by pointing out that they did not own his code and were distributing his code in violation of the GPL license he contributed it under.

      The Bukkit licensing was always a timebomb, but no one was eager to set it off until Mojang claimed the project was theirs. *If* Mojang wants to continue Bukkit, they must rewrite all of the GPL parts, negotiate with all of the past contributors to relicense their GPL code, or relicense the Minecraft server code (which is also present in Bukkit) to be under the GPL too.

    22. Re:ELI5 please by j-beda · · Score: 1

      >They *stole* Mojang's MC code, in essence, by decompiling it and distributing it. Mojang was nice enough not to take them to court over it - but that doesn't mean the code is suddenly GPL.

      You missed one of the twists: according to Mojang, Bukkit is Mojang's project. The "They" in your sentence is Mojang too. Mojang has been releasing versions of Bukkit under the GPL containing the decompiled Minecraft server code.

      If they (Mojang) have been releasing versions of Bukkit under the GPL containing the decompiled Minecraft server code, then doesn't that mean that the decompiled Minecraft server code has been released under the GPL?

      Mojang has stated that they wish to continue the Bukkit project, which requires one of two things to happen: They rewrite all of the GPL code in Bukkit, or they release the Minecraft server under the GPL to make Bukkit valid.

      Or the third option, they release the decompiled Minecraft server code used in Bukkit under the GPL. Since you just said that they have been releasing versions of Bukkit under the GPL, isn't that what they are doing?

      If Mojang has been releasing versions of Bukkit under the GPL, what part of Bukkit is not in compliance with the GPL? Do the latest releases have text that says "This is GPL code, except for lines xxx through yyy which were decompiled from Minecraft server code and are not GPLed" or is the tarball accompanied by the standard GPL license text? If the latter, then all the code in the tarball is GPLed - if we trust that Mojang has not added any non-GPLed software that they themselves do not own. The software that they do have copyright claims on, they have released to the GPL by the act of including it in the tarball with a GPL sticker on the outside.

      None of this requires them to release the original non-decompiled-recompiled Minecraft server code, as long as the source code being distributed is the stuff used to make any binaries they are distributing, the GPL terms are being met.

      If they want to continue to release Bukkitt under a non-GPL license, then yes, they would need to rewrite the GPL portions that they do not own or that they cannot acquire from the copyright holders.

    23. Re:ELI5 please by Agent+ME · · Score: 1

      It's unclear exactly what responsibility Mojang has for Bukkit. They hired some of the main developers, so maybe they meant in spirit? Or maybe they own the Bukkit name and its hosting. It's unclear how valid the license of the recent Bukkit releases over the parts of the Minecraft server code is.

      Another unclear thing is whether the obfuscated decompiled Minecraft server code can be valid under the GPL. The GPL states "The 'source code' for a work means the preferred form of the work for making modifications to it." The obfuscated decompiled Minecraft server code is in fact what the Bukkit source is compiled against to make the CraftBukkit binary releases, though it's certainly not the original Minecraft developers' preferred form of working with it. Whose "preferred form" does the GPL refer to? Maybe the decompiled code could be argued to be the CraftBukkit developers' preferred from of working with if that is the only form they've worked with it. Though I've heard rumors that Mojang has provided the Bukkit team with source maps so they can make sense of the obfuscated decompiled code, and those source maps have never been in the repos. If the preferred form of working with the obfuscated Minecraft code includes those source maps, then Mojang relicensing the Minecraft code to GPL as it is in the Bukkit repo may not be enough.

    24. Re: ELI5 please by dissy · · Score: 1

      Wolfe contributed code under the GPL license. He has every right to send takedown notices against distributions of his code that do not follow his license.

      Untrue. You must be within your own legal rights first to even be able to apply a license, including GPL.
      Wolfe is not legally able to GPL his code, since his code is itself a copyright violation. You and him can claim it is GPL all you want, but that doesn't make it so logically nor legally.

      If you still think you are right and I am wrong, then lets put your money where your mouth is.
      Under your definition of copyright, I now claim DPL (dissy protective license) copyright over your body, mind, and all resulting work (including your slashdot posts)

      You specifically claimed I do not need any rights to your body mind and resulting work to apply a license legally, so there you go, I own you and anything you do.

      Now get on a flight over here, because my grass needs mowed and my trash taken out :P

    25. Re:ELI5 please by Bing+Tsher+E · · Score: 1

      His code was GPL in name only. Since the body of code contained a part that was not GPL, the decompiled Mojang code, it is at most released under a tainted psuedo-GPL license.

    26. Re: ELI5 please by Agent+ME · · Score: 1

      >since his code is itself a copyright violation.

      Which is why it had a DMCA takedown notice sent against it and got the Bukkit project taken down.

  3. Bass Ackward by maz2331 · · Score: 5, Insightful

    A derivative can't affect the licensing of that from which it is derived or adds to. It does work in the opposite direction - an original can force derivatives to follow the same license as the original, but that is a one-way thing. He has no leg to stand on here.

    1. Re:Bass Ackward by cdrudge · · Score: 1

      He doesn't have a leg to stand on to force Mindcraft to become open, but Mojang doesn't have a right to use his code that he released under a GPL license either since they apparently acquired Bukkit.

    2. Re:Bass Ackward by Bing+Tsher+E · · Score: 2

      The worst thing I can see coming out of this is the stigma it would attach to companies purchasing companies with GPL'd code. One of the worst, most hyped up fears that anti-GPL forces toss out there is the idea that 'touching' GPL'd code can yank a companies whole codebase under a GPL license. Which is unfounded, but those sorts of people already rely on distorted interpretations to make their case. This whole instance is just a handout to anti-GPL. Sadly.

    3. Re:Bass Ackward by Half-pint+HAL · · Score: 2

      If they've rolled his GPL code into their closed-source products, then he not only has a leg to stand on, he also has another leg free to kick them in the balls with. If they didn't, he doesn't.

      --
      Got them moderator blues I blieve I walk out the do', With these mod-points I been gettin', I 'most never post no mo'
    4. Re:Bass Ackward by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Mojang did not distribute CraftBukkit and thus have no obligations under the GPL. That CraftBukkit is GPL incompatible due to the inclusion of proprietary code that Mojang owns doesn't mean they are responsible for other people distribution of CraftBukkit. It would be like trying to sue Microsoft due to your GPL program linking towards Microsoft binaries.

    5. Re:Bass Ackward by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      No, even then it wouldn't really be all that clear. Wolfe contributed his code to a project that was already in violation of the GPL at the time (linking against closed-source code), so lawyers could probably argue that his contribution isn't covered under the GPL since the license was never actually applicable.

      And even if he can successfully argue that his code is covered by the GPL, he can't force Mojang to release their source code, only to stop using his (and remove it from their codebase).

    6. Re:Bass Ackward by Lehk228 · · Score: 1

      they have not integrated bukkit/craftbukkit into their products. his DMCA takedown is based on the GPL violation that has existed all along because craftbukkit could never have been legally GPL because it is built off essentially pirated decompiled mojang minecraft server code.

      mojang has always looked the other way with server mod software working this way even before they bought rights to the bukkit name and hired some of the top devs (not including wolverness hence his butthurt)

      --
      Snowden and Manning are heroes.
    7. Re:Bass Ackward by jythie · · Score: 2

      I would not be too worried about that. Companies that have already done things like this or people who work on GPL stuff that interacts with commercial entities do not really see an issue here. The company I used to work for dealt with people like this guy now and then claiming we had to open up our entire project because of XYZ violation, they were a nuecance that is easy to deal with.

      This case is just a high profile example of a pretty common occurance, and is not as game changing as it initially sounds.

    8. Re:Bass Ackward by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Wolfe contributed his code to a project that was already in violation of the GPL at the time (linking against closed-source code), so lawyers could probably argue that his contribution isn't covered under the GPL since the license was never actually applicable.

      I don't think that's very convincing, but if it was then what would Mojang's claim to be allowed to distribute the code be based on? Code is all rights reserve by default. If he didn't validly license it to anyone then Mojang doesn't have any right to use it even under GPL terms. It certainly wouldn't mean they got a free gift.

    9. Re:Bass Ackward by Charliemopps · · Score: 1

      they have not integrated bukkit/craftbukkit into their products. his DMCA takedown is based on the GPL violation that has existed all along because craftbukkit could never have been legally GPL because it is built off essentially pirated decompiled mojang minecraft server code.

      mojang has always looked the other way with server mod software working this way even before they bought rights to the bukkit name and hired some of the top devs (not including wolverness hence his butthurt)

      I was into the game back when Bukkit was written. Mojang participated and helped them with it. It was a collaborative effort by the Devs and the modding community. I never understood why they didn't just write their own modding API. They certainly have the money and resources.

      I don't know what all that means legally, I'm not a lawyer, but Mojang made their beds. Vanilla Minecraft isn't that popular, it's all the mods that are making them the money. They left that in the hands of the community and made no attempt to control it... surprise surprise, it turned on them.

    10. Re:Bass Ackward by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      > made no attempt to control it... surprise surprise, it turned on them.

      So, now they and all the other companies will be even more controlling and close-minded about community contributions and open source. Not exactly a cause for celebration.

    11. Re:Bass Ackward by NotSanguine · · Score: 1

      He doesn't have a leg to stand on to force Mindcraft to become open, but Mojang doesn't have a right to use his code that he released under a GPL license unless they provide the source code for the GPL'd portions of the codebase.

      There. FTFY.

      --
      No, no, you're not thinking; you're just being logical. --Niels Bohr
    12. Re: Bass Ackward by DrJimbo · · Score: 1

      If you buy a company, you need to make sure all contributing developers have signed a CLA [Contributor License Agreement] where they give their rights to the company you buy.

      This may be the most nonsensical thing posted thus far. If company A is distributing my GPL or LGPL code then I don't have to sign a damned thing in order for company B to buy company A. Yes, company B should make sure there are no license violations going on in company A, but that is all. Once my code released under the GPL then I cannot revoke that license in order to try to screw company B.

      --
      We don't see the world as it is, we see it as we are.
      -- Anais Nin
    13. Re:Bass Ackward by Maxo-Texas · · Score: 1

      Multiplayer server vanilla minecraft on the PC is a small part of their market now.
      They have releases on android, ps3,ps4, and xbox. Most young kids I know play on xbox.
      Lots of people also prefer to play solo vanilla on their local machine.

      They've been working seriously on the API for the last year. And that work is pissing off the Modders because it's changing the data structures of a lot of stuff.

      I think if it becomes critical, they are at a point where they could get something minimal out in 6 months. It wouldn't be bukkit but it would be official. So multiplayer server people would be stuck with forge, or staying on 1.7.10 for six months instead of 1 month. We were not planning to upgrade our private server to 1.8 for at least a month anyway.

      I agree mojang was nice and helpful to the modding community. I think it was based on friendliness then as mojang was still pretty small and even thinking of opensourcing at the time. These days, this could affect a hundred thousand of their players. But the financial impact is small since you don't subscribe to minecraft- you pay once.

      The impact on future sales is more serious but it seems more like a 6 month stutter step to me than "killing the game" as some drama folks are saying.

      --
      She was like chocolate when she drank... semi-sweet at first and then increasingly bitter.
    14. Re:Bass Ackward by Maxo-Texas · · Score: 1

      His code allows a small industry of private servers to run large population servers which drives sales of minecraft for people who show the game to their friends. He has a right to say, "Don't use my code". It's 23,000 lines so rewriting it will take time. And now there is a known risk that others might say "don't use my code" after his code is rewritten.

      The number of players involved could be anywhere from 10,000 to 100,000 players.

      You can run minecraft okay with up to about 6 people on the free server. But if you want to go over 6 people, you pretty much have to use Bukkit or Forge.

      Mojang acquired the bukkit name and repository structure but not the bukkit source code. They also hired four bukkit founding developers and were paying them to work on bukkit. They may have acquired the code written by those four developers as part of the hiring agreement.

      The bukkit source code was still open source, gpl, not owned by Mojang and could have been forked. But it relied on decompiled minecraft source code so it was really illegal from day 1.

      In fact, if Mojang turned evil, they could kill bukkit at any time too with a built in poison pill. Not likely as that would be very player hostile.

      The pressure on Mojang is really only towards new sales on the PC. Existing servers can continue to run on 1.7.10 for a long while but new enhancements are probably mostly dead. All other platforms (Xbox, PS3, PS4, Android) are uneffected by this issue.

      Mojang has been working on their own server API seriously for about a year now. They might be able to focus on it and get it out in 6 months to a year. Especially if they retask those 4 bukkit founders purely to the minecraft API.

      What it really seems to mean is that before you work on any GPL project- you better check it and anything it depends on for truly clean code. For really large stuff, that might not be possible. Also, things clear after the fact (writing based on copyrighted closed source code) may not be obvious to you before the fact. So there is just a risk to working on GPL projects.

      A lot of other programmers who were writing mods are now dead in the water.

      It's okay- most closed source stuff you work on doesn't last more than a few years either.

      It's possible that the developers will move to Forge and Bukkit is dead even if this issue is resolved. Forge seems to be clean.

      --
      She was like chocolate when she drank... semi-sweet at first and then increasingly bitter.
    15. Re:Bass Ackward by Maxo-Texas · · Score: 1

      The worst thing I see is that you work on a GPL project for a couple years- write a lot of code for it- perhaps even get work helping write software for sites using the project, and then another programmer on the GPL project shuts the project down with a DMCA.

      Your work is now undistributable and is basically useless text.

      --
      She was like chocolate when she drank... semi-sweet at first and then increasingly bitter.
    16. Re:Bass Ackward by Anubis+IV · · Score: 1

      You're completely correct, but you're missing a key point: the derivative wasn't based on the original, but rather on an illegally reverse-engineered version of the original, and now the company that owns the original owns the derivative, as well as the legal responsibility to stop using the illegally-included code in the derivative.

      Basically:
      1) A community-built derivative (Bukkit) is dependent on an unlicensed, illegally reverse-engineered version (henceforth, UIREV) of the original (Minecraft Server).

      2) The derivative is being distributed with the UIREV, but the UIREV is stolen and thus isn't (L)GPL'd, which means it legally cannot be included in the project.

      3) For a number of years, everyone chose to ignore that inconvenient fact.

      4) Instead of C&Ding the derivative, the original company hires the derivatives devs and buys the rights to it, but doesn't tell anyone it bought the rights.

      5) Two years go by.

      6) Drama ensues between the community and the company over something unrelated, and a lead contributor to the derivative tries to pull the plug on it.

      7) The company keeps the derivative alive by revealing that it owns the rights.

      8) The contributor figures that now is a good time to point out that the derivative has been operating illegally this whole time.

      9) The contributor demands that the company fix the issue by replacing the illegal code with code that is properly licensed under the (L)GPL.

      10) The company says, "no".

      11) The contributor demands that the company remove his code from the derivative.

      12) The company points out that he gave up his rights to his edits at the time that he contributed them.

      More or less, the DMCA claim is likely unfounded, since he likely did give up any rights he had to the code he contributed. Moreover, IANAL, but it would appear to me that the only entity which would have any legal standing for asserting in court that the derivative is infringing on the (L)GPL would be the one whose proprietary code is being illegally included...and they're the ones who own the derivative now, so they have no reason to do so.

    17. Re:Bass Ackward by Agent+ME · · Score: 1

      >They've been working seriously on the API for the last year.

      They've been promising the API soon for years now. Mojang has been leaning on Bukkit as a crutch. Now that they've been called out on it, maybe they'll finally hurry up with their official API.

    18. Re:Bass Ackward by j-beda · · Score: 1

      If they have been distributing the "proprietary code being illegally included" and they are the owners of the "proprietary code being illegally included", then it would seem as though it is no longer "proprietary code being illegally included" but now is "(L)GPLed code being distributed by the copyright holder". Thus anyone who forks the project after the point the company acquired to derivative should have a complete, clean GPL version to work with as everyone with any claim to any part of the code has explicitly distributed it with a GPL license attached.

    19. Re:Bass Ackward by X0563511 · · Score: 1

      How does Forge fit into all this (if at all?) I've never been to clear on that. Back when I used Bukkit, I was under the impression that Bukkit linked against something called forge, but I don't think that's correct.

      My server's a distribution by feed-the-beast now, since it takes almost all of the pain out of the process. I know that's using Forge for sure, but there's an awful lot of moving parts in there and I'm cloudy on what's going on.

      --
      For large sets, this will be our guide even unto death, for the LORD will work for each type of data it is applied to...
    20. Re:Bass Ackward by Maxo-Texas · · Score: 1

      My limited understanding is that while both forge and bukkit support and make creating mods easier, bukkit was more aligned with performance of multi-player servers.

      Forge is apparently a "clean" implementation while Bukkit used decompled, deobfuscated code.

      There are several other projects, "Sponge", "Cauldron", and so on which also cover server support but most are incomplete or only complete to an earlier minecraft release (like 1.7.2).

      Bukkit also supported older releases (1.4.5, 1.5.2, etc.) and now those versions are gone too. So if you were running an older copy and had custom in house mods developed against it, you better keep a backup copy but otherwise you are okay. Except you may not have a local copy of the source code to develop against since you always expected it to be available for download.

      --
      She was like chocolate when she drank... semi-sweet at first and then increasingly bitter.
  4. Here's an explanation by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Insightful

    As I understand the story:

    • The CraftBukkit and Bukket (LGPL and GPL, respectively, I think) project includes code that was decompiled from Minecraft server binary jar file.
    • The projects at some point were transferred over to Mojang.
    • Mojang never officially contributed any code to the project. They neither maintain nor restrict the community from the projects.
    • At some point W. Wolfe contributes GPL code to said project.
    • At some point there was discussion about how Mojang would never authorize the projects for the _official_ source (thought implicitly their actions indicate that that the unofficial decompiled source is not an issue to them)
    • W. Wolfe wants the official source code for the Minecraft server to be released (possibly because he has confused the non-official decompiled source for the official source).
  5. Wolvereness violated copyrights wants it "undone"? by El_Muerte_TDS · · Score: 1

    So Wolvereness contributed to violation of Mojang's copyright and now wants his contribution to this violation removed from the internet?
    Or am I reading this incorrectly? The DMCA notice is for CraftBukkit, but he links to the license of Bukkit which are different projects (I think).

  6. My understanding of the issue by MrWHO · · Score: 3, Interesting

    My understanding of the issue makes things look better for Wolfe.

        He contributed code to the project - licensed as LGPL - before the Bukkit team was aquired by Mojang. At that time the server code - decompiled and deobfuscated - included in the releases was not falling under the LGPL license because it was not owned by the releasing team.

        Forward to when the Bukkit team is aquired by Mojang - who owns the copyrights to the server code - and a new release is made. At this point the server code included in the release, which is copyrighted by Mojang, falls under the LGPL.

        I am not saying that this is what's the legal reality of the case, but I think this is what Wolfe thinks and why he issued th DMCA takedown notice.

    --
    It is me, none else but me. And who would you be?
    1. Re:My understanding of the issue by jeepies · · Score: 1

      That's not how the LGPL works. It's perfectly fine to mix LGPL derived binaries with binaries derived from proprietary code. In fact that use case is in the entire reason the LGPL exists.

      You're thinking of the GPL if you're talking about "viral licensing." And even in that case, it's a fallacy. Linking GPL code with non-GPL code is a copyright violation. That violation doesn't necessarily have to be remedied by releasing the non-GPL code as GPL. Other remedies are possible including withdrawing the combined project and potentially paying a fine. Ultimately you can't force someone to license their own work under the GPL, as much as that gets passed around as fact.

    2. Re:My understanding of the issue by jthill · · Score: 1

      Decompiled and deobfuscated code isn't the original. To whatever extent anyone but Mojang has a copyright interest in that decompiled/deobfuscated code, that interest doesn't cover the original code. The takedowns are utter bullshit. Mojang's complying with the GPL in both letter and spirit.

      --
      As always, all IMO. Insert "I think" everywhere grammatically possible.
    3. Re:My understanding of the issue by Agent+ME · · Score: 1

      Mojang has been distributing CraftBukkit, which contains Wolfe's GPL code compiled with decompiled Minecraft server code which is not under the GPL. Unless Mojang claims that the decompiled Minecraft server code is also GPL, then they're simply not following the GPL. Wolfe sent a takedown notice to make them stop or hopefully fix the situation.

  7. This only affects Minecraft? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Funny

    I don't know what almost any of that is, but if this only negatively affects Minecraft, this situation is a good thing.

  8. We've been down this road before... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    The Linux kernel has!
    Linux GPL only modules: http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel/475654/focus=475796

    My gist of the situation is the following -
    (1) Bukkit took Minecraft's proprietary code, decompiled it, and tossed it into a GPL repository;
    (2) Later, when Bukkit was dying, Mojang bought it out and helped lift it back up - note that they only bought the right to the repository and infrastructure, NOT to the code base;
    (3) After a while, one disgruntled developer (who probably wasn't happy that he wasn't going to get paid by Mojang soon) files a DMCA to remove his code. (I mention pay because the original Bukkit developers were hired by Mojang, and the author in question was the "second wave" after the initial hire. Again, just an opinion, not fact.)

    I am not a lawyer, but my interpretation of this is really simple:
    (1) The DMCA claim is 100% valid as the code is owned by its author, and he has the right to remove it;
    (2) However, although it's legal, the "consensus" is that the author took a rather dramatic approach; and
    (3) The legality of the entire project is a big gray mess. To be specific, this project can be completely void due to the fact that GPL licensed code links against proprietary code, which is a big no-no. Proprietary code with the intent of using GPL code can force the proprietary code to become open source, but the reverse is not true. Honestly, if Mojang really wanted to, they can counter DMCA for the entire project (assuming they relinquish control over the entire project, and/or their indirect permission to use Mojang proprietary code). They probably won't because this is a legal mess on both sides.

    What does this have to do with the Linux kernel? Simply put, mixing GPL and proprietary code will NOT work. Much less so with GPL code linking to proprietary code.

    Solutions? Hopefully the two can work it out (but from the looks of it, the DMCA issuing party may not be that willing). Alternatively, if Mojang wanted to one-up the author, they can do a cleanroom implementation of this guy's code, re-integrate it, and call it a day.

    1. Re:We've been down this road before... by WorBlux · · Score: 1

      1.The only part of a DMCA that is made under penalty of perjury is that you are indeed the copyright holder of the claimed infriged work. Wesely certainly is the copyright holder in this case.

      2.Just because Wesely own copyright on that code does not mean he is entitled to the requested relief.

      3. Maybe it can be said that the license was a nullity from the start because if never could have affected to sorts of rights it claims to give, even more so in light of the liberty or death claused withing the GPL. Anyways, indeed, what a mess.

  9. Re:Oh that's cute... by jythie · · Score: 1

    Eh, a certain profit-driven group within the moding community has really been whipping up anti-mojang rhetoric lately. This whole series of events might end up giving other companies pause when they consider how openly to treat their moding base.

  10. Mod AC parent up by mark-t · · Score: 1

    It hits the point squarely on the head... Mojang is not at fault here.

    1. Re:Mod AC parent up by mark-t · · Score: 1

      That he is an author of a significant part of what people want is wholly irrellevant, he is doing *exactly* what makes people leery of using open source at all in the first place.... and happens to be in the wrong. His code is dependant on Minecraft, not the other way around.

    2. Re:Mod AC parent up by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

      WTF do you want him to do? Contribute his code and then roll over when his license is violated, just so that you can enjoy his work for free? Would you expect any author of proprietary code to do the same? His code is in a project which doesn't depend on the Minecraft server code. It is also, illegally, used in a mod which does depend on the server code. This violation has been going on for a while, but unlike trademark violations, copyright violations don't invalidate the claim if they're not fought.

    3. Re:Mod AC parent up by mark-t · · Score: 2

      One might suggest that the fact that Mojang has not objected to this use is sufficient to create an effective implicit licensing arrangement, but that still wouldn't allow anyone else, regardless of what they had done, to try and slap a GPL on it, since they are not the copyright holder.

    4. Re:Mod AC parent up by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      That point is now moot anyway, because Mojang acquired Bukkit and distributes it.

      Which I'm sure is the only reason he's claiming a violation... Mojang has money and he might win something for it in court, whereas before they acquired Bukkit, well 'can't get blood from a stone'.

    5. Re:Mod AC parent up by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      >Mojang is not at fault here.
      If the above summary is to be believed it sounds like they put themselves in an untenable position when they took ownership of the Bukkit/CraftBukkit name and adopted an open source project which was known to violate the GPL due to it's inclusion of a reverse-engineered version of their own software.

      Presumably neither they nor the OSS community decided to make an issue of the blatant copyright violations because everyone benefited - but Mojang should have been expecting trouble from the moment they tried to assume a preferential position. Why would anyone assume the contributors would allow a business entity to continue to redistribute GPL software (bukkit) in blatant violation of the license?

    6. Re: Mod AC parent up by DrJimbo · · Score: 1

      Reverse engineering might be illegal in the US (is it?), but it can logically speaking impossiblly be a copyright violation.

      Decomplied != reverse engineered

      Anyone can decompile. It takes work to reverse engineer. If decompiling removes all copyright obligations then copyright on source code is worthless. I just compile then decompile and distribute.

      --
      We don't see the world as it is, we see it as we are.
      -- Anais Nin
    7. Re:Mod AC parent up by seebs · · Score: 4, Insightful

      His code *always* violated this license in this way. That was his decision when he wrote and submitted the code. No one else is violating his license, he was violating theirs. So, yes, I expect him to roll over when people continue using his code exactly the one and only possible way it could ever have been used, which was unambiguously his intent in contributing it in the first place.

      --
      My blog: http://www.seebs.net/log/ --- My iPhone/iPad app: http://www.seebs.net/seebsfrac/
    8. Re:Mod AC parent up by Mikawo · · Score: 2

      Yes, putting his projects under GPL was not legal in the first place because it linked to non-GPL code, but he knows this. What he's trying to do is get the server code to be GPL'd to validate his license and until then he wants to stop the use of his code.

      What I want to know is what happens to code that uses an invalid license and then is distributed. Does it default to an implied copyright the same way works released without licenses do? Or is that nullified when a license is chosen? What the hell happens exactly and what does it mean for third-party software that rely on that code?

    9. Re:Mod AC parent up by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Informative

      Apparently there is a project which doesn't use the proprietary code but includes the GPL code, and there is a project which combines the decompiled proprietary server code with that other project. The issue is with the second, mixed project. He can't be faulted for contributing to the pure GPL program and he can't be faulted for others taking the GPL code and integrating it with proprietary code. In fact, he is trying to use his copyright to stop the distribution of the illegal combination of the two. Additionally, the owners of the proprietary code are now also the owners of the mixed project, and they can't violate their own copyright, but they can violate his. Others, who would like to keep using the mixed code in violation of his copyright, are calling him an "asshole" on Slashdot and get modded +5 insightful for it.

    10. Re:Mod AC parent up by mark-t · · Score: 1

      I don't equate them... but plenty of people do. Ignoring the fact that such people are incorrect will not alter their perception.

    11. Re:Mod AC parent up by OneAhead · · Score: 1

      Goddit... one Holy War, coming up.

    12. Re:Mod AC parent up by reve_etrange · · Score: 1

      His code is in a project which doesn't depend on the Minecraft server code. It is also, illegally, used in a mod which does depend on the server code.

      The AC is accurate; your comment isn't.

      --
      .: Semper Absurda :.
    13. Re:Mod AC parent up by reve_etrange · · Score: 1

      Yes, putting his projects under GPL was not legal in the first place because it linked to non-GPL code.

      False. As an accurate AC stated above:

      His code is in a project which doesn't depend on the Minecraft server code. It is also, illegally, used in a mod which does depend on the server code.

      --
      .: Semper Absurda :.
    14. Re:Mod AC parent up by Agent+ME · · Score: 1

      >No one else is violating his license

      Bukkit, which contains his code but doesn't follow his license, is violating his license. He has every right to issue a claim against Bukkit.

  11. Uh... decompiled and deobfuscated? by mark-t · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Okay, I totally get how you can decompile java code, but I do not see how, after obfuscating, one is *EVER* going to get back to something that resembles the original source code from the binary. It was my understanding that once you have obfuscated a java program, all of the identifiers from the original source code which might otherwise be visible in an ordinary java decompile are irreversibly mangled... it becomes intractable to even identify general pattern use, let alone any actual source code copying.

    I call shenanigans... I don't see how any alleged deobfuscation tool could be used to see what they are talking about.

    1. Re:Uh... decompiled and deobfuscated? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Interesting

      Okay, I totally get how you can decompile java code, but I do not see how, after obfuscating, one is *EVER* going to get back to something that resembles the original source code from the binary. It was my understanding that once you have obfuscated a java program, all of the identifiers from the original source code which might otherwise be visible in an ordinary java decompile are irreversibly mangled... it becomes intractable to even identify general pattern use, let alone any actual source code copying.

      I call shenanigans... I don't see how any alleged deobfuscation tool could be used to see what they are talking about.

      Obfuscation is reversible. It just takes a good eye and a lot of work. Some of it can be recognized more easily by usage of standard library calls.

    2. Re:Uh... decompiled and deobfuscated? by laughingskeptic · · Score: 1

      This is routinely done by Minecraft modders and many others.
      “Because a thing seems difficult for you, do not think it impossible for anyone to accomplish.” - Marcus Aurelius

    3. Re:Uh... decompiled and deobfuscated? by mark-t · · Score: 2

      Yes... but that's something you'll be doing entirely by hand. For largish programs,this can easily be infeasible.

    4. Re:Uh... decompiled and deobfuscated? by laughingskeptic · · Score: 2

      Large programs usually have large numbers of external dependencies. The external calls are plain as day in the reversed code. Sure the variables may all be named a,b,c... but it really isn't that hard to find the parts you are interested in and figure out what the interfaces are. For his mods he had to figure out which code handled player positions, actions, health and maybe a few other things. I've done it many times and it is WAY easier in Java and .NET with multimegabyte-sized programs than it is with C and multikilobyte-sized monolithic programs where you have no external markers in the assembly as guides.

    5. Re:Uh... decompiled and deobfuscated? by mark-t · · Score: 1

      Sure... but the fact that you've got to do this all by hand is going to make comparing any given piece of code with another for copyright violations impossible... and all the most similarity you will find afterwards is that similar ideas may have been employed to solving the problem that were used, but ideas are not copyrightable.

    6. Re:Uh... decompiled and deobfuscated? by geminidomino · · Score: 1

      As one who has scratched out a few purpose-built minecraft mods over the past few years, maybe I can clear it up a bit.

      It's a multi-step process. The initial de-compilation step is, indeed, just about as useless as you say: lots of net.minecraft.cx.func_11235_a()

      But there's a project called MCP Toolkit, which basically goes through every new release and reverse-engineers as much of it as they can (usually a pretty good percentage too), mapping the obfuscated classes, variables and methods to names which, while possibly (probably) not the names used internally, are at least meaningful.

      Minecraft Forge, the officially unofficial mod API, used to include MCPing the minecraft source as part of setting up its workspace. It was really handy when I was learning, being able to trace things back through the code to figure out how they worked, but had its downside. I'm not sure whether they got tired of people needlessly making coremods (mods that altered the "vanilla" classes, as opposed to interacting through Forge), or they were afraid of drawing an evil eye from Mojang, or what, but they've altered their whole setup starting late in 1.6.4 so they don't even download the vanilla jar anymore.

  12. GPL = viral by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    Should have used BSD license.

    1. Re:GPL = viral by Agent+ME · · Score: 1

      Wolfe chose to contribute his code under the GPL, and then sent the takedown when Mojang distributed his code in a way not meeting the GPL. If Wolfe chose the BSD license, he wouldn't have as much say to how Mojang distributed it.

  13. Get your terms straight. GPL does no such thing. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Informative

    Guys, get it straight.

    You can LINK proprietary software with GPL software and use said software, provided proprietary software does not have a licensing clause to disallow it. What you are no longer permitted to is distribute the combination thereof

    Is that clear? For example use mplayer. You can compile and link in non-free codecs. But then mplayer binary is no longer distributable. If you distribute said mplayer binary, that is a copyright violation.

    Is that clear now?

    So, it's bullshit that GPL doesn't allow you to link with GPL-conflicting software. But if you do link, you CANNOT distribute said software. That's the only problem. GPL does not prevent the user from using GPL software as they see fit. It simply prevents them from limiting the user's users from further limitations.

  14. May not be what it seems. by WorBlux · · Score: 2

    Mojang doesn't really gain by having the popular mod system removed. The decompiled server code is in legal limbo. Really if Mojang wanted to assert a claim against it they could probably prevail at this moment. It may be an attempt to get Majang to say "No, I don't really have any rights or interest in that decompiledsever code", but instead he just said "I'm not reposible for distributing that code", leaving on the table the issue that was attempting to be forced. (The copyright bomb in the decompiled sever code)

    1. Re:May not be what it seems. by WorBlux · · Score: 1

      The application of a mathematical process to a copyrighted work, thus a modified version of that same said work. Th And see the liberty or death clause in the GPL. If some legal reason prevents distribution it may not be distributed. If general copyright law prevents distribution under the GPL, then the claimants work as licences under the GPL may not be distruted in an illegal manner. There is at least a question in issue here.

  15. What DMCA has to do un this case... by blackorzar · · Score: 2

    The DMCA notice concept that is mentioned on the summary is very well explained by Ken Liu on this article: http://www.sfwa.org/2013/03/th... it can be helpful for the people trying to enforce their copyrights

  16. Missing <pedantic nitpick> tag by OneAhead · · Score: 2

    Be that as it may, this doesnt's change much to the discussion or conclusions in GP, because distribution is what was happening and distribution is what this DMCA takedown is stopping.

  17. Who did what / Who is claiming what by Taco+Cowboy · · Score: 1

    Okay, I read the articles, and I cannot keep the parties straight. Who did what and who is claiming what? Can this be expressed as a simple bulleted list. Too much lawyer. Many nomenclature

    While this case is a little bit odd (with all the mixed-up parties, mixed up copyrights, mixed-up codes, mixed-up claims) we shouldn't let ourselves be confused by it

    Instead, if we take a step back the picture looks clear --- it's the DMCA that is fueling all these takedown requests

    --
    Muchas Gracias, Señor Edward Snowden !
  18. GPL the decompiled code? by blackorzar · · Score: 1

    What if Minecraft releases the decompiled code with GPL license?

  19. Cool by nurb432 · · Score: 1

    Now we have GPL Trolls...

    Not saying the GPL doesn't have its place, but in a case where you accept direct submissions from others, i think the BSD licensing model would have been safer..

    --
    ---- Booth was a patriot ----
  20. If Mojang makes this argument by mysidia · · Score: 1

    Then there is one simple solution DMCA Counternotice

    Take the service provider off the hook. If the developer then wants to continue to pursue that line of argument, then he/she will have to sue Mojang. In order to claim any statutory damages in doing so, the developer will have to have registered the copyrights formally with the copyright office when the work was originally done.

  21. Re:Short version by Agent+ME · · Score: 1

    Wolfe was one of the contributors to the Bukkit project. He contributed his code under the GPL license. It turns out that the Bukkit project does not meet the GPL license because it contains decompiled Minecraft server code, therefore Wolfe has claimed that his code being distributed with Bukkit is a violation of his copyright and had the project taken down. I can't see how his claim would be false.

  22. Re:Not quite sure I get the argument. by Agent+ME · · Score: 1

    >If the "Bukkit" project contains decompiler/disassembled portions of the Minecraft server software (which is not ODD licensed)...wouldn't that mean the guy who include said disassembled code in his project is the one doing the infringing?

    Yes. The DMCA takedown was against the Bukkit project, and the Bukkit project was taken down. The summary is misleading.

    The interesting part is that Mojang (the Minecraft developers) has hired many of the Bukkit developers, and said that Bukkit is "their" project. If Mojang wants to continue Bukkit, then they need to rewrite all of the GPL code in it, or release the Minecraft server under the GPL too.

  23. Re:Wolvereness violated copyrights wants it "undon by Agent+ME · · Score: 1

    CraftBukkit is a software distribution that combines Bukkit code with decompiled Minecraft server code. Bukkit is licensed under the GPL and Wolfe has code in it.

    For some context to make Wolfe's actions make more sense: one of the main Bukkit developers stepped down (probably related to the fact he knew the Bukkit licensing was a timebomb) and said that the Bukkit project was being ended. Mojang then claimed that they owned the project (after hiring some of the developers years ago) and were going to continue it without him. People had tried to push Mojang to clarify/fix Bukkit's licensing for a long time, but Mojang never did. Wolfe sort of called them out for their hypocrisy of never fixing its licensing while they were increasingly relying on it.

  24. It appears he's also DMCAed the source code by russotto · · Score: 1

    Spigot mentions "Additionally access to the Spigot source code repository has been forcibly removed from GitHub following a similar DMCA takedown."

    There's no way to credibly claim a GPL violation resulting from distribution of the source code.

  25. Re:Follow the money by Agent+ME · · Score: 1

    Bukkit is a project containing solely GPL code. CraftBukkit is a project that interfaces that code against decompiled Minecraft server code. Binary releases of CraftBukkit contain Bukkit code and decompiled Minecraft server code.

    >MineCraft is decompiled, then de-obfuscated. Then cleaned up for use in Bukkit. Bukkit is GPL. The decompiled de-obfuscated code is GPL'd.

    That last sentence is not true. Only Mojang can relicense the decompiled server code as GPL.

    Distribution of CraftBukkit has always been violating both the GPL licenses of its contributors' code and the proprietary license of the Minecraft server code. Many have requested that Mojang relicense the Minecraft server code so that CraftBukkit could be made valid, but they never chose to. Recently, one of the main Bukkit developers stepped down and announced that the Bukkit project was ending. Then Mojang revealed that they "own" the Bukkit/CraftBukkit project (in name only; most of its code is still under the GPL) and were going to continue it. Wolfe decided to call them out on the fact that they never fixed the CraftBukkit licensing situation even after they bought it, and sent a takedown notice against CraftBukkit for the violation of the GPL license his code in Bukkit is under.

    I don't think Wolfe or any of the other Bukkit volunteers have asserted that they should be paid for their Bukkit work, but some are annoyed that Mojang has claimed ownership of the project while never bothering to fix the legal situation of their code.

  26. Re:Let's just kill everyone who makes a DMCA claim by Agent+ME · · Score: 1

    Are you saying that people who publish GPL code shouldn't be allowed to have the GPL enforced?

  27. Re:A very confused bunch of non-programmers there. by Agent+ME · · Score: 1

    >The Wesley Wolfe developer wrote some code, distributed it via GPL but maintained copyright, thus implying that it is not GPL3.

    GPL is a copyright license. That's how it works legally. If you release software under the GPL, you still own the copyright (unless you assign it to someone else, such as if you sign a contributor licensing agreement).

    Mojang has been continuing to release Bukkit while not meeting the GPL. Wolfe is able to send a takedown notice against them for not following his copyright license.

    >What this is should be a wake up call to making sure that you have an adequate exit play for players like Wesley Wolfe when they get their confused little non-legal minds in a snit.

    Yeah, fuck people who release code under the GPL. /s

  28. There is a lot to this but Wolvereness isn't wrong by NimbleSquirrel · · Score: 1

    People are acting as if Wesley Wolfe (Wolvereness) is trying to claim ownership of Minecraft server code. I don't know him, but that is not his intent from what I've seen. It is simply to have his code removed from a project with a clear conflict of interest over licensing. From what I have seen, it has been a case of: 'remove my code from the project OR opensource the Minecraft server code'.

    The fact that this brings to light that Bukkit is no longer eligible to use its codebase because it's in violation of its own license is just a bonus.

    Unfortunately Spigot is suffering from a side-effect of this claim. It was built off the Bukkit source code, so if Wolvereness were to leave his code in that project, without a DMCA claim, it would dilute his legal position against Mojang.

    Here are the facts as I see them:
    1. Bukkit is an open source project, licensed under the GPL.
    2. Many developers, including Wolfe, contribute code to the project under the GPL terms. The developers retain copyright over their contributions.
    3. The Minecraft server was reverse engineered (apparently in violation of Minecraft's EULA) and the resulting decompiled/de-obfuscated code initially included in the CraftBukkit project.
    4. Projects like Bukkit, Forge and Spigot add considerable value to Minecraft, but are not (initially) controlled by Mojang.
    5. Mojang surreptitiously acquires the Bukkit project by hiring a number of the project's key developers. While the hiring of the developers is made public, the acquisition of the project is not.
    6. The developers Mojang hire work on Bukkit-Minecraft "intergration". Bukkit features get added to Minecraft's server, and proprietary Minecraft server code gets incorporated into Bukkit/CraftBukkit.
    7. Community developers continue to contribute to Bukkit, under the GPL, thinking they are working for an independent project.
    8. Bukkit/CraftBukkit is distributed during this time, under the (L)GPL, including the proprietary code. This is a violation of the (L)GPL.
    9. Mojang changes EULA to prevent 'pay to win' servers, and asserts Bukkit is subject to that EULA too.
    10. The majority of developers vote to discontinue the project. Mojang steps in publicly to say that they can't do that and they have owned the project for two years.
    11. Mojang asserts control over the entire project, including contributions from community.
    12. Wolvereness DMCAs the project, for the removal of his code.
    13. Mojang claim they added no code to the project, yet the project had been distributed for two years including Minecraft server code while the project was supposedly in Mojang's ownership. Mojang have been aware of licensing issues since 2011, but have done nothing to remove their proprietary code from a GPLed project in the time since they acquired it. Licensing of the project has not changed.

    It seems that there are only four possibilities: Mojang kills Bukkit and walks away; Mojang rewrites Bukkit to remove/rewrite code from outside contributors and closes source; Mojang caves and opensources Minecraft server code; Mojang takes Wolfe to court to determine outcome (which could take years of appeals).

  29. Re:Short version by j-beda · · Score: 1

    Wolfe was one of the contributors to the Bukkit project. He contributed his code under the GPL license. It turns out that the Bukkit project does not meet the GPL license because it contains decompiled Minecraft server code, therefore Wolfe has claimed that his code being distributed with Bukkit is a violation of his copyright and had the project taken down. I can't see how his claim would be false.

    If Mojang has distributed a bunch of source code (the latest Bukkit project version) with a GPL license on it, I don't see what it matters if some of that source code might have originally been the result of a decompile of the Minecraft server code. Yes, that decompile might have been against the license of the code (copyrighted by Mojang) in the past, but if Mojang is now distributing the project themselves, they certainly have a right to release source code that is a derivative of their copyrighted work. And the GPL certainly does not require that one release earlier versions of the source code, so the original Minecraft server code need not be released under the GPL. In this case it does not seem as though Wolfe has much to complain about - with Mojang distributing all of the Bukkit project under the GPL, anyone should be able to take that code and fork it and do with it whatever one might do with GPL software. I will admit that this does seem unlikely - unless the decompiled portion of the Minecraft server code inside the Bukkit project was a minor fraction of the entire Minecraft server code, I doubt Mojang would distribute even a derivative version under the GPL.

    Alternatively, if Mojang has not distributed this Bukkit project under a GPL license, then it would seem that anyone else trying to distribute it would be in violation of the GPL, since it sounds like at least part of the Bukkit project (the decompiled/recompiled Minecraft server code) is not GPL. Thus Wolfe has every right to object to the distribution of his GPL code inside the Bukkit project.

  30. No not so much by Sycraft-fu · · Score: 1

    The issue is he may never have had the right to release the derivative he did. So the original decompile/redistribution of Micecraft's code is not legal. That people said it was GPL doesn't make it so. It was an illegal distribution of copyrighted code. Mojang didn't care and didn't stop it, but it was illegal all the same. Well what that means is that if you then made a derivative of that, it wasn't legal either. He didn't have a license to distribute a derivative work and thus he can't go and declare it to be GPL.

    So now the issue comes down to the part of the code he wrote. Well that is his... maybe. The problem is that his derivative was never legal in the first place. So a court could, and probably would, award control to Mojang. This has happened in music before. Someone makes a remix without permission and the work then gets granted to the original copyright owner.

    If this kid pushes it, it is likely to end up badly for him. He would likely lose rights to the code, have to pay court costs and then, if they were feeling evil, could go after him for the illegal derivative work.

    Basically if you make a derivative of someone's work and you don't have explicit permission to, either from them directly or via a license like the GPL, you need to be ok with them making use of that derivative if they want to, because you aren't going to win that fight. Maybe you don't think that is how it should be, but that's how it is. Copyright owners maintain control over their work, even if they choose to overlook a given violation. It isn't "protect it or lose it" like with trademark.

  31. Re:Get your terms straight. GPL does no such thing by countach · · Score: 1

    Well.... to be a genuine issue it would have to be statically linked, otherwise you would do the obvious and just distribute them separately. So is that what's happening here? I doubt it, since the original server is presumably unmodifiable.

  32. From a legal/liscensing perspective by Bratmon · · Score: 1

    Here's what happened, taking away people's motivations and leaving only the legal/software stuff.

    There are 3 distinct projects:
    1. The Minecraft server, in this case decompiled. It has a proprietary license, and Mojang have been tacitly allowing it to be distributed.
    2. Bukkit, a GPL library that could theoretically handle plugins for many Minecraft like games, although it's really only useful for Minecraft.
    3. Craftbukkit, which statically links both Bukkit and Minecraft.

    Now, here's the relevant section of the GPL FAQ, where it states that you cannot distribute a GPL and a proprietary program statically linked together.

    A contributer to Bukkit (not Craftbukkit) for certain reasons blew the GPL whistle, and had Craftbukkit taken down for GPL violations.

  33. I seem to recall a statement from Mojang by publiclurker · · Score: 1

    Stating that the API will not be bukkit, but something else. Bukkit is simply the only thing out there at the moment until they, eventually, release an official API.

  34. Re:There is a lot to this but Wolvereness isn't wr by Xest · · Score: 1

    That still makes him wrong. Contributing code to an open project and then retroactively trying to ransom it back is a dick move however you spin it.

    Anyone doing that is a twat, either don't do the work in the first place, or accept it's out there and let people do what they want. Don't put it out there and then bitch about people using it.

    If you have a problem with the project, stop working on it and move the fuck on. Don't try and ruin everyone else's fun over your hissy fit and start making petty demands and threats.

  35. Re:Not quite sure I get the argument. by thue · · Score: 1

    > And if that's the case, why would Mojang EVER feel obligated to release their serve source code because a guy who literally stole it anyway is demanding they do so?

    Because the bukkit project which released the decompiler/disassembled portions was owned by Mojang. And Mojang knew full well it was happening while they owned the project. So it was essentially Mojang who released it.

  36. An attempt at level-headedness by Des+Herriott · · Score: 1

    There's an awful lot of guesswork and name-calling going on here, and a sense that the argument is divided into "Mojang sux!" and "Mojang rulez!" camps. The truth is of course, way more complex. Here's an attempt to lay out some (hopefully) objective facts, mixed with my subjective opinion. Disclaimer: I've been involved with Bukkit for over 3 years as a plugin developer and contributor to the forums, and (very minor) contributor to the Bukkit project itself.

    * The Bukkit project was started late 2010/beginning 2011 as a replacement for hMod, an earlier server mod, by 4 people: Dinnerbone, EvilSeph, Tahg and Grum.
    * The Bukkit project consists of two main deliverables: the Bukkit API, licensed under the GPL, and the CraftBukkit server, licensed under the LGPL.
    * The Bukkit API contains no Mojang code. It's the Java JAR against which Bukkit plugins are compiled.
    * The CraftBukkit server contains a copy of the Bukkit API (via Maven shading), some original Java classes in the org.bukkit.craftbukkit Java package (most of which either implement Bukkit API interfaces or serve as glue code between Bukkit and Mojang's own code), and decompiled/semi-deobfuscated copies of Mojang classes from Mojang's official minecraft_server.jar.
    * Effectively craftbukkit.jar contains code with three separate licenses: GPL, LGPL, and Mojang's proprietary license. My opinion: "what the hell were the Bukkit team thinking when they chose this license model?"
    * Mojang were presumably aware of CraftBukkit from the start, it being the pre-eminent server modding platform, but chose not to take any legal action over the inclusion of (decompiled copies of) their code in a GPL'd project. In fact, Mojang even went so far as to supply deobfuscation mappings to the original Bukkit team, so it's very clear that they supported the Bukkit project. My opinion: "of course they would, it's helped their sales enormously"
    * Early 2012, Mojang announced that the original Bukkit team (Dinnerbone, EvilSeph, Tahg and Grum) were being hired to work on Mojang's own planned modding API. Note that this API had been announced some time before, and has yet to materialise.
    * Apparently at the same time, Mojang also acquired rights to the entire Bukkit project. This, however, was not publicised.
    * The Bukkit project continued under new direct leadership (mainly feildmaster, Wolvereness and Amaranth) after the original team were hired by Mojang. feildmaster recently stated that Mojang stopped providing deobfuscation mappings shortly after the original team were hired. However, Mojang allowed the project to continue, and did not take any legal action over the CraftBukkit server.
    * EvilSeph left Mojang shortly after, and is the only member of the original four to remain involved with the Bukkit project.
    * Cut to last month: EvilSeph posted an announcement that the Bukkit project was being ended, due to the increasing difficulty of updating it for new Minecraft releases (remember: no more deobfuscation mappings from Mojang), and concerns of its legal status being exacerbated by Mojang's recent EULA changes.
    * At this point, Mojang sprang into action, asserting ownership over the entire Bukkit project. Dinnerbone tweeted that he'd personally update Bukkit for the new Minecraft 1.8 release. Mojang's Jeb confirmed that Mojang owns Bukkit (I quote his tweet: "we checked the receipts"), having acquired it when the original four joined Mojang in 2012.
    * The revelation over Mojang's ownership of Bukkit caused very significant consternation for many contributors to the project (there are around 170 individuals, including myself, who have contributed code licensed under the GPL).
    * Wesley Wolfe aka Wolvereness, one of the new Bukkit dev team leaders, filed a DMCA takedown notice on Sep 5th, on the grounds that Mojang cannot legally distribute CraftBukkit when it contains both GPL'd code from him, and proprietary code from Mojang.
    * In the last couple of days, pretty much all of the existing Bukkit staff (forum administration, p

  37. Re:There is a lot to this but Wolvereness isn't wr by Des+Herriott · · Score: 1

    He's not trying to ransom it back. At no point has there been a suggestion that Wolvereness wants any kind of material gain for his code. He's unhappy that the GPL code he contributed to Bukkit is now being distributed by Mojang in breach of the GPL.

  38. The solution by BobbyWang · · Score: 1

    The whole world isn't as relaxed about legal issues as Mojang. So these legal issues has to be taken seriously. CraftBukkit is not the first open source project tightly tied to a non open source one in this way. The usual solution is to release the project under a modified version of the open source license which explicitly allows what needs to be allowed. If CraftBukkit was released under a license which allowed it to be distributed linked to the Minecraft server code then the problem could be avoided. Developers who would not accept their code to be relicensed in this way would probably not accept the premise of the project to begin with.

  39. Seems the Solution is Simple by PortHaven · · Score: 1

    Though will take a bit of time...

    Mojang, implements an API service into the Minecraft Server.
    Mojang, has developers modify the Bukkit code to no longer access the decompiled-reverse engineered server code, but rather the server's public API calls.

    Now, Bukkit has been decoupled from the server. And is no longer in violation of GPL, and all of the contributions are not GPL valid. Problem solved.

    Granted this takes, time, coders, and $$$.

  40. Re:There is a lot to this but Wolvereness isn't wr by Xest · · Score: 1

    He's telling them to open source the proprietary Minecraft server source code at the barrel of a DMCA notice that is extremely popular, broadly used and financed by Mojang. How is that not a ransom?

    Telling someone they can either suffer a crippling of a product they support or to hand over some entirely non-GPL source code is direct a ransom as it gets - demanding the Minecraft server source code - something that isn't his but that he's demanding - absolutely is a demand for material gain.

  41. Re:There is a lot to this but Wolvereness isn't wr by Des+Herriott · · Score: 1

    Stop being dense. He's not demanding the "Minecraft server source code" and no one who's actually paying attention has ever claimed that. He's saying that his GPL'd contributions can't legally be distributed in CraftBukkit along with Mojang's proprietary classes, and in that respect he's correct.

    Of course this has been the case all along - CraftBukkit has never been legally licensed - but until now both Mojang and the Bukkit development team have basically swept that problem under the carpet. What gotten Wolfe (and no doubt other) contributors annoyed is that Mojang concealed their ownership of Bukkit until the current Bukkit team basically threw in the towel due to the difficulty of keeping CraftBukkit up-to-date wrt. Minecraft. At the point, Mojang basically said, "no problem, we've actually owned Bukkit all along!".

    This is the fault of the original Bukkit team (who are now Mojang employees, or have been) for their poor licensing decisions, and also the fault of Mojang for failing to deal with the licensing problems either initially or when they clandestinely acquired the Bukkit project. Wolfe and other contributors may be accused of poor judgement for continuing to contribute to such a legally shaky project, but the original licensing problems are not theirs, and their contributions were made under the false belief that Bukkit remained a community-owned project.

  42. Re:There is a lot to this but Wolvereness isn't wr by Xest · · Score: 1

    There's nothing dense about understanding that if you demand proprietary source code be made available that you're demanding access to the source code. It's really not rocket science and I can see why you FOSS zealots have such a bad name.

    I don't really take issue with him being offended by some going on or another, but giving someone a choice of shutting down one project or open sourcing another because of some pet peeve is just a real dick thing to do. There's nothing wrong with the status quo unless Mojang decides to enforce the fact that their code was originally used illegally, something they've chosen not to do instead preferring to support their fan community.

    You may think there's some technicality here or there that makes him right but it doesn't really matter. Other companies, other developers look at this and it's the sort of petty pathetic childishness that turns people away from open source software and giving that community access or support for anything. If there's a danger you're going to get burnt working with the FOSS community then why the fuck would you want to go near it?

  43. Re:There is a lot to this but Wolvereness isn't wr by Des+Herriott · · Score: 1

    I can't quite tell if you're a bit dim, or just being deliberately obtuse here. Wolfe has never demanded that Mojang release their proprietary source code (and he doesn't have the legal right to do that anyway). He's saying, correctly, that CraftBukkit cannot legally be distributed under its current license. It can certainly be argued that this is a petty move - he is basically making the entire project unavailable to everyone - and I'm in two minds about that myself, but it's a bit more than just a "pet peeve". It's two years of his work (and Wolfe was one of the biggest contributors to the project) under basically false pretences.

    It's now up to Mojang to decide how to proceed. They have several choices, only one of which is re-licensing their server code under the GPL (and I very much doubt that will happen). They could alternatively shelve the Bukkit project (they are after all working on their own modding API), or they could meet Wolfe in court.

    The problem is not entirely Mojang's fault, but they have basically been storing up trouble for themselves since the release of CraftBukkit in January 2011 by not dealing with the license issue then. It seems pretty clear they wanted the Bukkit project to continue (let's face it, it's certainly helped their bottom line), up to and including acquiring the project, but it was foolish of them not to immediately clarify the licence.

    By the way, using the blanket insult "you FOSS zealots" says a lot more about you than it does me. You know nothing about me, or my overall stance on software licensing.

  44. Re:There is a lot to this but Wolvereness isn't wr by Xest · · Score: 1

    You keep using the word dim as an insult towards me yet seem to repeatedly be unable to grasp the concept that offering the open sourcing of the Minecraft server source code as a solution to the problem he has decided to create is identical to asking for the Minecraft source code, I'm not sure why you struggle with with such a simple concept, but apparently you do. Maybe you're, well, a bit dim?

    "It's two years of his work (and Wolfe was one of the biggest contributors to the project) under basically false pretences."

    Well no, it's not false pretences at all, he knew both the licensing situation and that he was working for free and should've known that no one owed him jack shit. The fact he apparently understood none of this is entirely his own stupid fault.

    "By the way, using the blanket insult "you FOSS zealots" says a lot more about you than it does me. You know nothing about me, or my overall stance on software licensing."

    What I know is that you're defending an indefensible action that only FOSS zealots would defend and that is precisely the reason companies and developers are put off working with the FOSS community. Whatever you may think you are, that's good enough for me to call a spade a spade and if you don't like it, then well, tough shit- that's what you get when you defend the indefensible.

    A far more mature and sensible solution to the problem would be to publicly air your distaste, walk away and get the fuck over it. It's not difficult, except for this guy who seems to have a childish grudge and determination to enact revenge for his own stupidity in working on something where the licensing wasn't clear it seems. Would you seriously start in a job where the contract was written in a manner where you may find you don't get paid for your work at the end of the day? No of course you wouldn't, but if you did and didn't get paid then what the hell would you expect? No one owes this guy anything, he volunteered his times and that was entirely upto him, it doesn't give him the right to fuck everyone else.

  45. Re:There is a lot to this but Wolvereness isn't wr by Des+Herriott · · Score: 1

    You keep using the word dim as an insult towards me yet seem to repeatedly be unable to grasp the concept that offering the open sourcing of the Minecraft server source code as a solution to the problem he has decided to create is identical to asking for the Minecraft source code, I'm not sure why you struggle with with such a simple concept, but apparently you do. Maybe you're, well, a bit dim?

    I've used the term dim once, so I'm not sure why you think I "keep" using it; however, I've come to the conclusion that it's pretty well merited here. I'll say it once more, in the probably vain hope that you'll actually read it: Wolfe has neither asked for nor offered the open sourcing of Mojang's server source code. Once again: you made that part up yourself.

  46. Re:There is a lot to this but Wolvereness isn't wr by Xest · · Score: 1

    From the summary:

    "The programmer says that Mojang must release the Minecraft server code to the public domain since decompiled, deobfuscated versions of the Java code are included in the Bukkit project before he will withdraw the DMCA."

    Again, it seems it's not be who is "a bit dim", unless of course you're saying I made up the summary, but I doubt you're accusing me of going to the extreme of hacking Slashdot so I can only concur that you just didn't read it yourself and are being wilfully ignorant so as to not admit that yes you were in fact completely wrong.

  47. Re:There is a lot to this but Wolvereness isn't wr by Des+Herriott · · Score: 1

    Ah, I see now. You blindly believed the Slashdot summary (which is in fact a load of bollocks) without doing any research yourself. Never a good idea.

  48. Re:Short version by Spazmania · · Score: 1

    Wolfe makes a claim that the decompiled/deobfuscated Minecraft source code is not the code's "most preferred form" and thus does not count as source code under the GPL. But that claim doesn't hold water. Licensing that particular source code under the GPL is authorized by the software's owner, and no more preferred form of the source code is ever used with Bukkit. As importantly, Wolfe did not find that version of the source code objectionable at the time he offered his code for inclusion in Bukkit.

    The GPL does not entitle you to all of my source code... just the source the code I choose to include in the version of the product that's under the GPL. Which has been provided.

    --
    Moderating "-1, Disagree" is simple censorship. Have the guts to post your opinion.