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20-Year-Old Military Weather Satellite Explodes In Orbit

schwit1 writes A 20-year-old U.S. military weather satellite apparently exploded for no obvious reason. The incident has put several dozen pieces of space junk into orbit. From the article: "A 20-year-old military weather satellite apparently exploded in orbit Feb. 3 following what the U.S. Air Force described as a sudden temperature spike. The “catastrophic event” produced 43 pieces of space debris, according to Air Force Space Command, which disclosed the loss of the satellite Feb. 27 in response to questions from SpaceNews. The satellite, Defense Meteorological Satellite Program Flight 13, was the oldest continuously operational satellite in the DMSP weather constellation."

53 of 253 comments (clear)

  1. It was Terrorists! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Funny

    Invade Mars immediately.

  2. It should stand two degrees, for sure! by DrTJ · · Score: 2, Funny

    Even the military grade tech deteriorates. Surely it should withstand a two degree increase - especially over a century!

    1. Re:It should stand two degrees, for sure! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Interesting

      This was a test of laser weapons. Either the USA destroyed it or someone else did.

    2. Re:It should stand two degrees, for sure! by AK+Marc · · Score: 5, Interesting

      Many satellites are hybrid solar+batteries. They have sun enough to run and charge, so in the shade, they run off batteries. Batteries fail, sometimes spectacularly. It's possible that there was a chemical reaction in the batteries that *caused*, not was the result of, the temperature spike. Then the battery failed, exploding.

    3. Re:It should stand two degrees, for sure! by earthminion · · Score: 2

      "solar+batteries"

      Maybe they used old laptop batteries. ;)

    4. Re:It should stand two degrees, for sure! by sumdumass · · Score: 4, Interesting

      I doubt that, there are no sharks in space.

      Oh, you are serious. Well, that was my first thought too. Either a laser weapon or a small particle of something (meteorite) smashed through it causing a catastrophic failure..

    5. Re:It should stand two degrees, for sure! by ganjadude · · Score: 3, Insightful

      that is possible. Its also possible that this is false information to cover up a military test. or worse, someone other than the US military testing....

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    6. Re:It should stand two degrees, for sure! by knightghost · · Score: 3, Interesting

      Micro meteor is an option. So is a laser - the chinese have already been testing them. Where was the satellite over geographically when it exploded?

    7. Re:It should stand two degrees, for sure! by ubrgeek · · Score: 5, Funny

      > Where was the satellite over geographically when it exploded?

      The Earth.

      --
      Bark less. Wag more.
    8. Re:It should stand two degrees, for sure! by Demena · · Score: 3

      Micro meteor a very unlikely option. There was heating before the explosion. A laser or its ilk? Quite possible. Now who would want to demonstrate the capacity to destroy space and orbital assets easily and cheaply at this political juncture? Russia, China, North Diarrhoea, Iran? I wonder what part of the world it was over?

    9. Re:It should stand two degrees, for sure! by davester666 · · Score: 2

      2. You won't believe what we did to the first one.

      --
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    10. Re:It should stand two degrees, for sure! by mirix · · Score: 2

      http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R...

      Though the units in question do have batteries, which have historically been of the NiCd variety, and are in this case as well. I'm not sure if any newer satellites use newer battery tech? (NiMH or some sort of lithium ion..).

      --
      Sent from my PDP-11
    11. Re:It should stand two degrees, for sure! by TheCarp · · Score: 2

      Temperature spike could also be a runaway fault in the power supply. You have a power supply and a device likely full of hypergolic fuel for station keeping; I don't think system fault is really ruled out here either.

      --
      "I opened my eyes, and everything went dark again"
    12. Re: It should stand two degrees, for sure! by Demena · · Score: 2

      Atmospheric diffraction used to be far more serious on earthly telescopes than it is now due to correction mechanisms and software. The flickering of stars due to atmospheric vagaries can be almost entirely eliminated. You want to bet on the fact that a lot of money has not been put into making that go the other way?

      Atmospheric attenuation should not be a big issue. The point of having a ground based laser system is that you can pump a lot of power into either a flash strike or a persistent strike. Orbit to orbit? How much power can a satellite pack? I honestly do not know.

      However, as we do not know it was a laser it is moot at this point.

    13. Re:It should stand two degrees, for sure! by tom17 · · Score: 2

      It is a bypass! You've got to build bypasses!

    14. Re:It should stand two degrees, for sure! by hairyfeet · · Score: 2

      Uhhh...unless I'm mistaken the USA hasn't used RTGs as power sources except in deep space for precisely this very reason, too risky if something goes BOOM!

      OTOH the Soviets had a serious love affair with RTGs, they used 'em on LEO sats, used 'em in their arctic bases, even ran lighthouses with RTGs. They cranked out so many RTGs they honestly no longer know where they are all located, so many were used in the former USSR that there is no telling how many abandoned stations in Bumfuckistan have RTGs lying around waiting for some fool to kill himself trying to steal the metals in the casing.

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  3. Natural ways by hcs_$reboot · · Score: 2

    An asteroid for instance?

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  4. The truth by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

    The truth is the explosion came just after a software update.
    Sources that want to remain anonymous confirmed the update included systemd.

  5. Re:Canada by mrsquid0 · · Score: 3, Funny

    Aliens.

    --
    Just because you are paranoid does not mean that no-one is out to get you.
  6. Star Wars! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Explosion after a measurable temperature hike sounds more like a laser or maser attack than a collision. With a collision, there would not be much to measure.

    Ok, if the collision just severed some pipes or power or control lines, a temperature hike might also be part of the first consequence. But that would be boring.

    1. Re:Star Wars! by SeaFox · · Score: 3, Funny

      Explosion after a measurable temperature hike sounds more like a laser or maser attack than a collision

      Really, and how does it sound in space?

    2. Re: Star Wars! by Frosty+Piss · · Score: 2

      Perhaps NASA battery tech from 20 - 25 years ago was more advanced than the cheap laptop batteries of the day? Maybe? Quite often military / space applications are the source of consumer tech down the line...

      --
      If you want news from today, you have to come back tomorrow.
    3. Re:Star Wars! by Baloroth · · Score: 2

      The various sensors (IR and optical) on the thing would probably notice a massive amount of electromagnetic radiation hitting it. It's possible the frequency used was invisible to the onboard detectors, but that seems fairly unlikely. Much more probably it just had some kind of malfunction: the thing is probably loaded with mono-propellant and of course it has a battery, either of which could easily spontaneously explode if something went wrong.

      --
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    4. Re: Star Wars! by mirix · · Score: 4, Interesting

      These ran NiCd cells. Here's some TL;DR from NASA about a variant of NiCd they use(d), not sure if it applies here.

      http://www.nasa.gov/offices/oc...

      Short notes:
      Fancy NiCd, Higher density and sealed. They rely on precise chemistry to be hermetically sealed units (lean on one element, for limiting and only O2 production).
      High pressure at full charge (~60PSI at room temp), higher if things go south, Pressure drops with charge state.
      Excess discharge causes hydrogen production.

      So, tin can, pressure changing with charge cycles (metal fatigue over many cycles?), H2 production, O2 production... maybe there is some chance for catastrophic failure there.

      --
      Sent from my PDP-11
  7. Re:fixed it for ya by mrsquid0 · · Score: 3, Funny

    It takes a lot of energy to change the weather. Some of it must have leaked.

    --
    Just because you are paranoid does not mean that no-one is out to get you.
  8. Well, I guess now we know... by Type44Q · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Well, I guess now we know that this was no weather satellite...

    1. Re:Well, I guess now we know... by MattskEE · · Score: 3, Insightful

      While possible, it could also be something mundane like failure of station-keeping thrusters.

    2. Re: Well, I guess now we know... by Deadstick · · Score: 2

      All the conic-section fuels are unstable.

  9. Hit by space junk. by Simulant · · Score: 3, Interesting

    It was bound to happen eventually.

  10. chinese anti-satellite lasers by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Could be the latest test of the Chinese anti-satellite system. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASAT_program_of_China

    The Chinese aimed a high power laser at a U.S. satellite in 2006 (without damaging it), and blew up one of their own weather satellites in 2007. They have tested a number of anti-satellite systems since then.

    1. Re:chinese anti-satellite lasers by RightwingNutjob · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Uh huh. Do some math for me. A 1um laser fired out of a 1m aperture spreads to an 800m circle at an altitude of 800km. If you want to heat something 1m across with 1W, you need to have a total power output of 500kW continuous from the laser. The US Navy's laser program expects to top out at about 100kW (http://www.wired.com/2011/02/unexpectedly-navys-superlaser-blasts-away-a-record/). And you're telling me someone out there is firing a 500kW laser into space from a secret mountain lair. Possibly one that launches capsule-eating rocketships too? (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/You_Only_Live_Twice_%28film%29)

    2. Re:chinese anti-satellite lasers by hankwang · · Score: 4, Informative

      "A 1um laser fired out of a 1m aperture spreads to an 800m circle at an altitude of 800km"

      You're off by a factor 1000. The divergence is about 1e-6 rad, which makes 0.8 m diameter at 800 km.

      Now another issue is that satellites tend to be wrapped in gold-coated foil, which will reflect 99% of the light at 1 micrometer. It would be difficult to overheat the body of the satellite, although the solar panels might be damaged more easily.

  11. My Bad by SuperKendall · · Score: 5, Funny

    Turns out those green laser pointers you get in the mail are a lot more powerful than you would think.

    --
    "There is more worth loving than we have strength to love." - Brian Jay Stanley
    1. Re:My Bad by Dutch+Gun · · Score: 3, Informative
      --
      Irony: Agile development has too much intertia to be abandoned now.
  12. No obvious reason by RightwingNutjob · · Score: 4, Informative

    What no obvious reason? Either the batteries overheated and exploded (fuel and oxidizer packed close together and sitting for 20 years) or the fuel tank vapors exploded on their own (tends to happen with monopropellant--no need to additional oxidizers, just a random injection of energy). Russian rocket bodies used to explode in orbit from time to time from fuel vapors (undesired bipropellant mixing) until they were convinced to burn off all their spare fuel after they deployed their payload into its orbit.

  13. Re:Conspiracy theories by BitZtream · · Score: 4, Informative

    The Russian politician was far from obscure, well known and very vocal as a matter of fact. He was also against Putin and Putin's nut job attempts at bringing back the Cold War. He was someone we like, not someone we'd want to kill.

    Your conspiracy theory only makes sense if you know absolutely nothing at all about what's actually going on.

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  14. Confused by Whiteox · · Score: 2

    So which overlord should we bow down to this time?

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  15. Re:fixed it for ya by Black+Parrot · · Score: 2

    Space heaters are fire hazards.

    --
    Sheesh, evil *and* a jerk. -- Jade
  16. Exploded over Americas, Cooling Failure? by Irate+Engineer · · Score: 5, Interesting

    This satellite blew up at 1715 UTC, and since it was in a sun-synchronous polar orbit, local noon would have put that over the Americas (North, Central, or South). This satellite was sitting under the direct sun for 20 years. If the radiator cooling system failed, things could heat up and fail very quickly (there is no wind up there, remember).

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  17. Re:Canada by Black+Parrot · · Score: 4, Funny

    I miss the good old days, when you knew to blame everything on the Axis of Evil, and you could solve all our problems by bombing Iraq.

    --
    Sheesh, evil *and* a jerk. -- Jade
  18. Its a warning shot... by david.given · · Score: 4, Funny

    ...telling us to stay the hell away from their base on Ceres.

    We should retaliate by beaming Youtube comments at them.

  19. Re:Uninsightful by Immerman · · Score: 5, Interesting

    Perhaps you could be more informative as to the problem? Why wouldn't a coherent microwave beam be every bit as effective as a laser? Or perhaps you simply didn't realize that masers are a real thing, and even predate lasers sufficiently that lasers were originally called "optical masers".

    The only potential issue that I can think of is that, due to the longer wavelength, it would be difficult to focus a maser beam as tightly. Of course if you're happy to cook the whole satellite instead of burn a hole in it, then that's less of an issue.

    --
    --- Most topics have many sides worth arguing, allow me to take one opposite you.
  20. Re:Conspiracy theories by Immerman · · Score: 2

    Or are you being insufficiently cynical? We might want a new cold war as well - cold wars are wonderful excuses to tighten the screws on your populace, and ours is starting to slowly wake up to the fact that all the "anti-terrorist" policies we've implemented in the last decade+ are fairly ineffective against terrorists, but *extremely* useful for suppressing legitimate dissent and undermining democracy. Start a nice theatrical cold war though and they could probably get away with putting all those empty FEMA internment camps to "proper" use.

    Not that I believe we did it, Putin would be much higher on my list for starters, but I do love a good conspiracy theory.

    --
    --- Most topics have many sides worth arguing, allow me to take one opposite you.
  21. Self-destruct charges. by amanaplanacanalpanam · · Score: 2

    It's a good bet the Empire knows we're here.

  22. Re:Conspiracy theories by ColdWetDog · · Score: 4, Funny

    Your conspiracy theory only makes sense if you know absolutely nothing at all about what's actually going on.

    That's the very best kind of conspiracy theory.

    --
    Faster! Faster! Faster would be better!
  23. Re:Conspiracy theories by rahvin112 · · Score: 3, Informative

    That Russian politician was part of the Yeltsin administration that Putin had promised immunity to when he took control. This killing is very scary politically for what it means.

  24. Re:military weather? by gtall · · Score: 2

    Well, I know this sounds weird, but during a conflict the U.S. Military and Russia's and China's are not going to be relying on commercial weather satellites. Something about they possibly being pwned by the enemy. Militaries worry about these sorts of things, clearly you have never been in one.

  25. The Kessler Effect by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Informative

    We may have just lost Space:

    "The Kessler syndrome (also called the Kessler effect,[1][2] collisional cascading or ablation cascade), proposed by the NASA scientist Donald J. Kessler in 1978, is a scenario in which the density of objects in low Earth orbit (LEO) is high enough that collisions between objects could cause a cascade—each collision generating space debris which increases the likelihood of further collisions.[3] One implication is that the distribution of debris in orbit could render space exploration, and even the use of satellites, unfeasible for many generations.[3]"

    Source WikiPedia

    1. Re:The Kessler Effect by kamapuaa · · Score: 3, Informative

      Did you read the Wikipedia article? "It is estimated that there are 300,000 pieces of space junk ranging from 1cm to 25cm, and on average one satellite is destroyed each year." I'm not sure why 23 more pieces would cause us to lose space.

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  26. Okay, didn't want to go here but... by Demena · · Score: 2

    The principle of Occam's Razor is not "simplicity" vs. "complexity". It states not to multiply entities unnecessarily, but that does not equate to simplicity.

    We have never seen a battery failure like this before (and there are very many of that type out there) so we are creating a new entity with introducing this type of battery failure to our list of known entities. That does not mean (under the principle of Occam's Razor) that it did not happen that way (battery failure) only that we should consider other possibilities that do not include introducing that entity.

    Lasers, enemies, interest in dominance, all the other entities required for it to be an attack already exist as known entities. As such it is something to be examined not dismissed. Occam's Razor suggests that this latter hypothesis be examined prior to the former. And that is all it suggests.

    Occam's Razor does not determine between simplicity and complexity. The simplest explanation for lightning is that "God did it". Our modern explanation for lightning is incredibly complex. Which do you think is accurate? Which one better satisfies Occam's Razor?

    Given all the crap that is going down all over the place right now, someone making a point does not really require introducing anything new and doesn't seem unlikely. Nor does a simple battery failure seem unlikely. But Occam's Razor is not the tool to use here. If we try we wind up in the Procrustean Bed of refining our problem to suit one solution or the other.

    Best wishes, sorry I am a bit Aspie here.

  27. They ALREADY figured out why - it's in TFA by jddj · · Score: 2

    From TFA:

    "The 'catastrophic event' produced 43 pieces of space debris, according to Air Force Space Command, which disclosed the loss of the satellite Feb. 27 in response to questions from SpaceNews."

    Just what kind of questions was SpaceNews asking, that the satellite would explode in response? They should STFU pretty quick, before we lose everything in LEO!

  28. Re:Canada by amiga3D · · Score: 2

    Nah, it was Eisenhower in the 50's. I like Ike.

  29. Re:military weather? by swell · · Score: 2

    "clearly you have never been in one"

    Actually I was one of the first from the US in Vietnam. Not an enthusiast tho. Military enthusiasts seem oddly lacking in humor, particularly struggling with irony and sarcasm. Yes, that includes the uniformed groundpounders and the suits who think up 'weather' satellites. That lack of humor, which includes most military, government, religious and dictator types, is one of the great tragedies of civilization.

    --
    ...omphaloskepsis often...