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Lawrence Krauss On the Pope's Encyclical: Not Even Close?

Lasrick writes: Lawrence Krauss muses on the hoopla surrounding Pope Francis' encyclical on climate change, and finds the document lacking: 'It is ironic that while the scientific community has long tried to raise warning signals and induce action to address human-induced climate change, an encyclical from the pope on this subject is being taken by many as an ultimate call to action on this urgent issue.'

47 of 305 comments (clear)

  1. ethos, pathos, logos by BatesMethod · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Three modes of persuasion/rhetoric identified by Aristotle are ethos, pathos, and logos.

    ethos is an appeal to authority or credibility
    pathos is an appeal to emotions
    logos is an appeal to reason

    Tthe pope's statement may have enough ethos with some audiences to make an impact.

  2. Krauss won't like the obvious answer by iluvcapra · · Score: 5, Interesting

    The Pope holds a great deal of moral authority. Scientists not so much.

    I've read Laudate Si'. It's not really about the science, or arguing that AGW is true, or that biodiversity is being lost, or that pollution is killing people. It takes these things for granted but it does not marshall evidence per se.

    It's main point is that AGW, true or not, is evil and must be stopped, and it ties this into social teaching by associating the consumer culture of rich countries with the exploitation and immiseration of small, poor ones; mankind's moral obligation to protect the Earth, and it asserts baldly things like "man has no right" to push a species, any species, even the smallest plankton, to extinction (Francis actually mentions plankton).

    I don't hear scientists talk like this, and that's fine, it's probably not their place. But evidence isn't enough to actually move people to action, you do actually have talk about right and wrong, and why this thing is wrong and must be stopped. And Francis specifically argues against the idea that technology will one day solve this problem for us, to him the problem with the planet is 100% between people's ears, it has to do with the way modern people see the world as a resource to be exploited. Don't ask me to defend this, I think he's a little too pessimistic here, but it just continues the idea that his argument isn't about science, or technology, or even the material world, to him it's fundamentally spiritual.

    And he has a point; why should we care about climate change if the Earth if it's just a ball of dirt and we can just fly a rocket to another one? Science can tell us what the planet is and where it's going, but it can't tell us if that's a good thing or not. So does Krauss think scientists should hold more moral authority than a Pope? Is that the paradox here? Should scientists teach us right and wrong?

    --
    Don't blame me, I voted for Baltar.
    1. Re:Krauss won't like the obvious answer by AthanasiusKircher · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Science can tell us what the planet is and where it's going, but it can't tell us if that's a good thing or not.

      This is a very insightful comment, and I hope you don't get modded down by anti-religious morons. I don't care much what the pope says in his capacity as a spiritual leader, but he is a public figure that holds significant moral authority. I'm sure there will be a hundred posts in this thread about how "nobody should care about what the pope says," but the simple fact is that many people do care.

      And people do in fact need to CARE about the earth and the future of humanity if this is to be solved. That's a moral question, and not a scientific one. Why should we care about stuff that might not begin to have a REALLY bad impact in our lifespan? Some people are driven by concern about their kids and their grandkids -- others might just a commitment to humanity in some general way.

      But most people don't spend a lot of time constructing their own moral systems with philosophical rigor. They get their ethical sense from a number of sources, and for many religious people, this pope is an inspiration.

      So regardless of whether the pope argues for specific technological or economic solutions, he's arguing that we need to care and to care deeply. That may be important in swaying some people.

      I'm not sure I get what Krauss is complaining so much about. This is a theological and moral document, not a scientific blueprint to save the climate. The only actual complaint Krauss seems to have against the pope is that he refuses to change the church's opinion on birth control -- and I agree that the church's stance is ridiculous here, and I'm not going to defend it. (On the other hand, population control is only one piece of the climate puzzle.)

      But I have to say that things really go off the rails when Krauss starts quoting Steve Pinker, as in:

      The pontiff continues in the millennia-long Catholic tradition of vilifying technology, commerce, and ordinary people enjoying the fruits of material progress.

      I'm sorry, but Steve Pinker deserves to be called an idiot for saying something like this. Yeah, I know there's a sort of urban myth that grew up by atheistic activists in the 1800s about how the church has been against science since the dawn of humanity, but the reality is that the Catholic Church has long been a strong supporter of new technology, as well as new commercial progress. We're not talking about the rare ascetic monks here, nor are we talking about the AMISH (some of whom actually do villify technology, commerce, etc.).

      If you doubt my view on this, please spend at least a few minutes scanning the Wikipedia article on the history of the Catholic Church and science. Aside from the Galileo affair (which I'll agree was a travesty), there's little evidence of the church being against scientific or technological progress -- for most of the past millennium, it has been a strong supporter of it.

      Steven Pinker proves himself to be ignorant, and Krauss misses the point. TFA's conclusion:

      Of course, these solutions leave the pope, and his church, with no special role. Thus, while I cannot fault the pope's intentions, which are presumably praiseworthy, his proposals are inevitably compromised if they adhere to doctrines that can thwart real progress, and that attempt to use prior theological arguments to address issues that need to be dealt with by focusing on not only real problems but also on real solutions.

      Uh -- the "special role" is the moral authority the parent already mentioned. The only "doctrine" mentioned by Krauss that "can thwart real progress" is birth control, which is admittedly a stupid policy, but it's generally not the first thing even most scientists start talking about in terms of climate change. And the "prior theological arguments" give an ethical

  3. Re:the Pope and his Mythical Sky-God by jellomizer · · Score: 2, Insightful

    As like most ancient religions, they need to keep up with the times. The Catholic Church has been pro-science for a while now. As well it supported environmentalism for a long time. What the pope did was make this issue more important then the others.

    --
    If something is so important that you feel the need to post it on the internet... It probably isn't that important.
  4. Re:the battle of the selfless by Billly+Gates · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Or the selfish Aynn Rand style would be to give out condoms in the 3rd world.

    If the population is in half we could all buy our gas guzzling SUV's, use water and electricity, and still have a cleaner earth and cheaper gas prices and rents/mortgages.

    People are inheriently selfish and evil in the Christian sense and will always pick their self interest as sad as it is true. How many who whine about global warming and oil companies are willing to take a bus to work or ride a bike 4 hours each way? No hands I see ...

  5. Re:the battle of the selfless by fuzzyfuzzyfungus · · Score: 4, Insightful

    I agree that moral posturing is a largely sterile exercise; but you are using the (possibly true) equivalent between two stances on 'what other people should do to solve this problem' to advance a false equivalence that those two proposals will work similarly well "no more unreasonable than any of the other proposed ways".

    It's nice that there's an encyclical agreeing that listening to the experts on the matter is important, and noting that most predicted effects of climate change will not be blessings upon the already poor is pretty logical pope stuff; but there is a very, very, strong case to be made that the Catholic church is...a poor source of advice... when it comes to either population or to inducing social change.

    Even when backed by violence, religious suasion has a lousy track record of keeping people from having sex, regardless of marital status, risk of disease transmission, willingness/unwillingness to deal with possible additional children, etc. It also doesn't have a terribly promising track record on motivating to abstain from various carbon-intensive goods and services if they are available.

    We've had much better luck with technological solutions that try to avoid stepping in the quagmire of moral suasion; and simply mitigate some or all of the effects of what people are doing anyway. Whether it's prophylactics or non fossil fuel energy sources, it's always going to be easier to prevent STD spread, or generate electricity without burning dinosaurs than it will be to sell people on celibacy and sitting in the dark.

  6. Re:the battle of the selfless by squiggleslash · · Score: 5, Interesting

    As I've argued before, much to the anger of some, at least one country, the US, can do a lot by reducing coercion in a critical area that happens to be responsible for around 25% of US CO2 emissions.

    The US is the only country I' m aware of where most urban areas are mandated to follow suburban planning policies, making redevelopment within cities prohibitively expensive as all developments are subject to absurd parking mandates that make little sense in high density areas where good doesn't-even-need-subsidies transit should be the norm.

    Change that, and give developers more freedom to build what people actually want, and a sizable number of people won't feel forced to live in suburbia any more (and many people who currently live there thinking urban living is somehow synonymous with run-down crime ridden neighborhoods will change their minds.)

    Staggeringly enough, I don't think most people want to live inefficiently. Most want to make the maximum use of their dollars to get the best living environment they can. Most state and counties currently force them to waste dollars on supporting huge amounts of infrastructure that offer little value to them.

    Unfortunately, I can pretty much guarantee some idiot will respond to this claiming I'm the one forcing people to do something, because I'm proposing offering a choice of living more efficiently, and that... I don't know... will make people who still choose to live in the middle of nowhere feel bad or something? Or maybe they're terrified that the market will choose the urban areas and all of a sudden suburbia will become run down and impossible to live in? I have no idea. I don't understand the mindset.

    --
    You are not alone. This is not normal. None of this is normal.
  7. Krauss' claim is not about moral authority by dlenmn · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Krauss brings up points that the pope doesn't _because_ of the pope's "moral authority". For example, Krauss makes the point that contraception is a must. A large world population is simply unsustainable without doing major environmental harm (and may simply be unsustainable, period). Needless to say, the pope couldn't really go there, although he has previously said that people should have fewer children -- never mind how.

    So, while I think the pope is doing much good, he is dangerously restricted by the very moral authority you mention. It's a double-edged sword.

    1. Re:Krauss' claim is not about moral authority by iluvcapra · · Score: 3, Informative

      Needless to say, the pope couldn't really go there, although he has previously said that people should have fewer children -- never mind how.

      That's not true, the Pope goes there and totally disagrees with Krauss, Francis strongly condemns birth control and abortion. I agree I don't think that's workable, though I know what Francis would say: people should be fucking a lot less and only for procreation. This doesn't actually work in our culture, but as far as he's concerned the culture is the problem.

      --
      Don't blame me, I voted for Baltar.
    2. Re:Krauss' claim is not about moral authority by PopeRatzo · · Score: 2

      That's not true, the Pope goes there and totally disagrees with Krauss, Francis strongly condemns birth control and abortion.

      I would withhold judgement on that. I have a feeling that Pope Francis is going to lend some of the Church's authority behind the upcoming United Nations goal for zero population growth.

      Say what you will, the pope is not an idiot. He realizes that if you're going to head off disaster, you have to somehow limit population growth. My guess is that he's aware that very large families are an artifact of economic inequality and suggest that the best way to keep families small is to make sure women (and men) get good educations. Not sex education, mind you, but just plain old education. That seems to be a more certain way of keeping families small than any other and it doesn't violate church teachings.

      We haven't seen the last surprise out of this pope. I get the feeling he's just getting started. I'm gratified that all the devout Catholics on the political Right are shitting themselves in fury over practically everything this pope has done. It's a sign that he's on the right track.

      --
      You are welcome on my lawn.
    3. Re:Krauss' claim is not about moral authority by msobkow · · Score: 2

      Personally I think Krauss is just jealous that over a billion people will listen to the Pope and ignore him.

      Such is always true of the famous: they hold far more sway over the small-minded masses than the educated and intelligent arguments of scientists ever have or will.

      --
      I do not fail; I succeed at finding out what does not work.
    4. Re:Krauss' claim is not about moral authority by oobayly · · Score: 2

      ...although he has previously said that people should have fewer children -- never mind how.

      He may not say it, but the implication is there - don't have any fun.

  8. Re:Truth of God by fuzzyfuzzyfungus · · Score: 2

    It's a direct link; but God is the sort of important dude who deals with a lot of Sensitive Compartmentalized Information.

    Unless God decides to read the Pope into a given program, it's purely need-to-know. In addition(as is likely in this case) God will sometimes 'preserve the integrity of privileged omniscience capabilities and/or techniques' by providing the data gathered by the non-public method through a 'parallel construction' that offers a plausible but fictitious origin for the information.

    Here, investigative theologians and divine conspiracy theorists suggest that God's climate data are probably actually derived from his clandestine monitoring of the position and location of all particles in existence. Since this blatantly violates the reasonable expectations of privacy established for all particles by the Heisenberg uncertainty principle, this program does not officially exist. So far, none of the heavenly host have been willing to make any public statement on the matter, so it remains speculative.

  9. Whoever says the pope is getting into a political by burtosis · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Whoever thinks the pope is trying to pick sides in a political debate is either genuinely insane or has trouble forming simple logical concepts. Because on the scientific overall concept it's not even a debate. The best methods for combating climate change though, are still only scientific. Politics dosent even enter in until you try to implement those methods.

    Go ahead and mod me down but I'm really sick and tired of people thinking what they believe makes a crap in a biscuits difference to reality. Even though the popes statement may be lacking its a great step to get hundreds of millions of stupid people to start acting responsibly and be aware of the issue. It's just so ironic that it is a belief in faith, with no foundation in factual reality, that brings awareness to the factual reality we as a species are facing.

  10. Re:the battle of the selfless by PopeRatzo · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Notice how everybody who proposes ways of addressing climate change agrees that people need to be coerced to live differently

    Marketing is the science of coercing people to live differently. Is it OK when it's done in the name of corporate profits, but somehow bad when it's in the name of trying to head off probable disaster?

    Notice how everybody who proposes ways of addressing climate change agrees that people need to be coerced to live differently, but that only their own approach is selfless and benign while everybody else acts out of greed and self-interest.

    Please tell us how people addressing climate change are acting out of "greed and self interest". And if you bring up Al Gore's private jet, you have to spend 10 minutes in the Fox News penalty box.

    --
    You are welcome on my lawn.
  11. Faith is not separated from the real world by sjbe · · Score: 4, Insightful

    It certainly can be — faith operates in a different plane, so to speak.

    No it does not. Unless you have such a vague notion of faith as to make it effectively meaningless it HAS to intrude on the material plane. Furthermore religions have very detailed books and laws and traditions built around their faith and how it should dictate behavior. If there was no impact on the material world (the domain of science) then there would be no need for organized religion. Everyone would have a vague notion of something "beyond" and it would end there. But it doesn't.

    It neither contradicts nor supports science, nor is it contradicted nor supported by science in return.

    There is HUGE amounts of evidence that it doesn't really work like that in the real world. Organized religions cannot help but get involved in claiming all sorts of things that science can and does dispute.

    The Lord's ways are neither known, nor even knowable

    And yet the church claims to understand them in great detail except when it is convenient for them to claim to not know. Cannot work both ways.

    Unlike Science, Religion does not need to offer predictions nor make falsifiable statements.

    And yet religion regularly does make claims about things that clearly are falsifiable.

    1. Re:Faith is not separated from the real world by david_thornley · · Score: 2

      Why does religion necessarily intrude on the material plane? It normally teaches that there is something beyond this material plane, and that that something beyond is more important than the material plane. That isn't supported by science, and isn't in conflict. People do have more or less vague notions of that something beyond, and if there is anything to these perceptions (as opposed to being an artifact of evolution), the non-material world needs to be understood by the best available means (which, for lack of objectivity, can't be normal science).

      Christians in general believe that there are some historical facts that cannot be verified or refuted, and often that there have been times when God directly intervened and caused specific events. This is not a denial of science, much as quickly rearranging pieces on a chessboard is a denial of the rules of chess. The idea of a miracle would make no sense if there was no scientific understanding of the world to tell us what is and what is not normally possible. Would walking on water be a miracle if we didn't know it can't be done under those circumstances?

      There are lots of Christian scientists. Atheism is much more common in scientists than in the general population, but it's hardly universal. They have apparently come to the conclusion that their faith and their science don't conflict.

      As far as your claims, let's see some backing. Which organized religions get involved in claiming all sorts of things that science can and does dispute? There's no argument that some religious groups do that, but if there are major groups that don't claim such things then religion isn't incompatible with science. You appear to be generalizing broadly from certain noisy but relatively small Christian denominations, primarily in the US, that I lump under "idiots". I consider somebody denying evolution because of a particular literal interpretation of certain parts of the Bible to be much the same as somebody denying AGW because it would be economically inconvenient, or denying the adverse health effects of smoking to avoid guilt.

      Let's make this specific. Consider the Catholic Church over the past fifty years. What has it claimed that conflicts with science, other declaring some scientific findings to be definitely true? There are many things I disagree with the Catholics on, but I haven't found them being anti-science. I picked the Catholic church because they're a large religious group with relatively coherent beliefs.

      --
      "When you have eliminated the unacceptable, whatever is left, however improbable, must be the truthiness" - Holmes
  12. Re:Reconciling faith with science by Sarten-X · · Score: 4, Insightful

    There is precisely nothing, apart from ignorance, that isolates a church from science. It is worth nothing that the ignorance to which I refer is both yours and the church's.

    The point of a faith is to reconcile the human desire for knowledge with the understanding of the unknowable. Humans are smart enough to grasp that there is a limit to our observations. Common limits are the experience after biological death, the spacial boundaries of the universe, and the historical events prior to the Big Bang. These are things that currently we do not know about, and cannot know about, beyond vague guesses. Those guesses are a mix of the very-limited theories we have (like assuming that the rules of our universe extended before our universe had formed) and pure faith. It is just as reasonable to say that a God created our universe as it is to say that another universe deformed and spawned our dimensions.

    Between the extremes of "known" and "cannot be known", however, there is a wide gap of "we don't know yet", and that is the domain of science. Science gives us the ability to know more, and push the unknowable limits out further. We may be able to invalidate a few religions with our discoveries, but there will always be certain limits to our knowledge, and beyond those limits, faith will still hold sway.

    There are a few churches that have not only accepted the role of science, but embraced it. Now the pope is saying that climate change is not a matter of faith, but of science. He's acknowledging that we know enough about our planet to know that we can affect it, despite previous assertions by more-ignorant church members that only God could affect a planet's climate. This does not invalidate the religion, but merely declares that science is still something for humans to deal with, not deities.

    --
    You do not have a moral or legal right to do absolutely anything you want.
  13. Re:the battle of the selfless by fuzzyfuzzyfungus · · Score: 3, Informative

    The tricky bit is that greenhouse gas emissions are a classic negative externality(arguably even more so than pollution generally, which more often stays comparatively close to the release site, rather than having minimial proximate effect but worldwide cumulative effect).

    Negative externalities are not things that people tend to just stand up and volunteer to fix because they are nice guys like that, never mind getting all of them to do so, rather than some doing so and the rest taking advantage of the newly cheaper coal.

    Pigovian taxation has the advantage of letting the private sector work out the details of the technology; but unless you internalize the externality you can expect to wait a long, long, time for anything to happen voluntarily.

  14. Re:Reconciling faith with science by AthanasiusKircher · · Score: 5, Insightful

    A church almost by definition cannot be truly pro-science. Their entire MO is based on faith in unproven/unprovable things and do not readily accept questioning of that faith even in the face of overwhelming evidence.

    You speak of one type of religion -- one that is anti-science. You are also invoking the so-called conflict thesis, which was basically made up by a distortion of history in the 1800s and which actual historians now recognize is largely bogus.

    There are plenty of religions in the world (including the Catholic Church) that have been pioneers in scientific research. Why? Because they believe there is a moral responsibility to understand God's creation, to appreciate it, to protect it.

    The pope's recent message is more of this.

    The fact that the catholic church hasn't stood in the way of science isn't the same thing as being pro-science.

    Can you seriously look at this list of Roman Catholic clergy who were scientists throughout history, including many of people who FOUNDED entire modern scientific disciplines, and tell us that there's a fundamental conflict there?

    Read about the relationship between the Catholic Church and science over the past millennium. Aside from the Galileo affair (where the actions of the church should be condemned), you'd be hard-pressed to find many other examples where the church has impeded scientific progress... and MANY periods where they have explicitly promoted and funded it.

    Yes, there are plenty examples of anti-science religious wackos out there. By all means, condemn their ignorance. But religion can also be an inspiration to cause people to look harder at the world around them. That's what the Catholic Church has promoted for the past thousand years or so. The belief in "unproven" things generally does not come into conflict in the Catholic Church -- they aren't biblical literalists (unlike some evangelical movements) and pretty much never have been. St. Augustine and other early writers were already talking about the allegorical nature of scripture 1500+ years ago, so they aren't the wacko "young-earth creationists" who insist that evolution can't occur or that the earth was created in 6 days a few thousand years ago.

    It's one thing to believe in something that is against empirical evidence -- some religions do that. But others mostly believe in supernatural phenomena when it CAN'T be proved nor disproved. (This is the true original meaning of agnosticism, developed by a SCIENTIST to classify a belief that some statements about religion cannot be proved nor disproved from empirical evidence and are thus beyond adjudication by science.)

    If such beliefs do not conflict with empirical evidence, then what is your SCIENTIFIC basis for discounting them or declaring them antithetical to science? At worst, they show wishful thinking. Any scientist who has ever bought a lottery ticket should be drummed out of the profession if wishful thinking should be banned. At best, they might inspire some moral or ethical thinking about "bigger questions" that science doesn't usually address.

    The Catholic Church not only was pro-science for much of the past 1000 years -- in many cases it was a PIONEER in science. To not admit that fact either shows ignorance or unsupported anti-religious bigotry.

    (P.S. I'm NOT a Catholic. I don't care what the pope says. But I do care about ignorance of history. The Catholic Church has been responsible for many bad things throughout history, but so has every other nation or organization which has existed for centuries. But I think you'd be hard-pressed to find another such organization, nation, or other corporate body that's at least a couple centuries old and has been so consistently pro-science.)

  15. Re:Reconciling faith with science by EmeraldBot · · Score: 5, Insightful

    The Catholic Church has been pro-science for a while now.

    A church almost by definition cannot be truly pro-science. Their entire MO is based on faith in unproven/unprovable things and do not readily accept questioning of that faith even in the face of overwhelming evidence. The fact that the catholic church hasn't stood in the way of science isn't the same thing as being pro-science. I think science and faith of the sort espoused by organized religion are irreconcilable to one another.

    You have evidently never heard of the Jesuits. It's entirely possible to believe in religion and still be a grounded person - and it's entirely possible to be completely devoted to science and still be crazy (see Nazi Germany as an example). Religion when taught as a form of philosophy (which is what it really should be) can make for a great moral compass. Religion when taught in the form of governmental law is what's harmful.

    --
    "Set a man a fire, he'll be warm for the rest of the night. Set a man afire, he'll be warm for the rest of his life."
  16. Re:the battle of the selfless by SuricouRaven · · Score: 4, Insightful

    The coerced solutions only get noticed when they go wrong. Look at some of the highly successful coerced solutions: Requiring seatbelts in cars, banning the use of CFCs as propellants and refrigerants, banning the use of lead compounds as fuel additives. All cases in which a destructive practice was ended not by voluntary changes, but by a government passing laws and declaring 'Stop doing that or we'll start throwing some executives in jail.'

  17. What is "good" by sjbe · · Score: 2

    Science can tell us what the planet is and where it's going, but it can't tell us if that's a good thing or not.

    This is a very insightful comment, and I hope you don't get modded down by anti-religious morons.

    Umm, religions can't tell us if it's a good thing or not either. Not in any objective sense of the word that we can all agree upon. Science can tell us the effects of our actions. Religion cannot. So science CAN tell us if what is happening is a good thing at least for any non-moral sense of the term good.

  18. Re:Reconciling faith with science by AthanasiusKircher · · Score: 2, Insightful

    The vilification of the "Galileo affair" is generally just more anti-Catholic propaganda from the Enlightenment era:

    Agreed, but I didn't want to get into that whole mess. I've already explained what's screwed up with our perception of the Galileo affair a number of times here, like in posts here and here.

  19. Re:Reconciling faith with science by MightyMartian · · Score: 2

    The "faith" is that the universe behaves in predictably. If that isn't so, every world view in the world is rendered moot.

    But really, calling science faith is like calling two column accounting faith.

    --
    The world's burning. Moped Jesus spotted on I50. Details at 11.
  20. Re: Reconciling faith with science by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Seeing as how science and religion deal with different things, there is no "irreconciliability" nor is it unreasonable for a church to be pro-science.

  21. Re:Reconciling faith with science by blue+trane · · Score: 2

    Yeah, accounting is faith in conservation of money, which is disproved by the empirical observation that the money supply increases.

    As for the universe behaving predictably, science laws are probabilistic at best. So in the specific case of a photon being measured, you cannot predict which state it will collapse to: you can only say there's a probability. There is an inherent self-contradiction in quantum mechanics between Shroedinger's equation and the final measured state.

    See Penrose:

    "quantum theory itself, quite apart from its need to be unified with general relativity theory, is basically self-inconsistent"

    He goes on, at length (please see the pdf to read the strange characters in the quotation below, I started correcting them then realized it would take more time than I want to spend on this):

    This inconsistency is a very fundamental one, and is in a clear sense completely obvious (the "elephant in the room"!) as we shall see. As remarked upon earlier, we take the evolution of a quantum system in isolation to be governed by the SchrÂodinger equationâ"or, in more general terms, unitary evolutionâ"and for which I use the symbol âoeUâ. But, as was remarked upon earlier, the reality of the world that we actually observe taking place about us tends not to be described directly by the solution Î of this equation that we get by this U-evolution, but when an observation or âoemeasurementâ is deemed to have taken place, Î is considered to âoejumpâ to just one member Î of a family of superposed alternative solutions

    Î = α1Î1 + α2Î2 + . . . + αnÎn (1)

    where the respective squared moduli of the complex-number weightings α1, α2, . . . , αn, supply the respective probabilities of each Îr being the result (the quantities Îr being assumed to be all normalized and mutually orthogonal). The âoeevolution processâ whereby Î is replaced by the particular Î that happens to come about is the reduction of the state (collapse of the wavefunction) and I denote this process by the letter âoeRâ.

    Of course, there will be many such decompositions, for a given Î, depending on the choice of basis that is supposed to be determined by the choice of âoemeasuring deviceâ. Indeed, we must allow that this measuring device is also part of the entire system under consideration, and so should have a quantum state that becomes entangled with the quantum system under examination. Nevertheless there is still taken to be a âoejumpâ in the system as a whole as soon as the measurement is considered to have been made, where the different âoepointer statesâ of the device are entangled with the different possible Îrs that can result. It is obvious that this âoejumpingâ from the state of the system (consisting of both the measuring device and system under examination, together with the entire relevant surrounding environment), from before measurement to after measurement, is normally not even continuous, let alone a solution of the SchrÂodinger equation: so R blatantly violates U (in almost all circumstances).

    The point is that the law we use to predict a particle's state is inconsistent with the observation of that state, when it occurs. The law is continuous, the observation is discrete.

  22. Re:Reconciling faith with science by blue+trane · · Score: 4, Insightful

    It took science a few decades to admit Mendel was right, too. Science has lots of authority problems. See Feynman in Cargo Cult Science, where he describes how researchers subsequent to Millikan found ways to fudge their more correct observations about the charge on an electron, because they wanted to agree with the great authority whose experiment they were replicating. Or Feynman's account of how an important finding about rats is ignored by science.

  23. Re:Who really listens to a silly man like Bergogli by HornWumpus · · Score: 2

    We have learned to live with them.

    The trick is to _not_ give their religious beliefs any legal power and humor them beyond that. Before we found that, the world was a truly fucked place.

    --
    John McAfee 'It was like that time I hired that Bangkok prostitute; to do my taxes, while I fucked my accountant'
  24. Re:Reconciling faith with science by Beck_Neard · · Score: 2

    Thank you for making my point - blind adherence to authority is detrimental to the progress of science, no matter if the authority is the pope or a scientist.

    The difference is that scientists acknowledge this fact and take steps to prevent it from occurring (we're all biased and irrational beings so it's impossible to completely eliminate), whereas religions celebrate this blind authoritarianism and take steps to preserve it as much as they can.

    --
    A fool and his hard drive are soon parted.
  25. Re: Damn lying AC by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Funny

    But both refer to the place the aliens came from. I like the bible cause it gives us a good record of alien visitation. I pretty much hate religion for locking up all the alien landing sites as religious sites that no one can dig in.

  26. Re:the battle of the selfless by dskoll · · Score: 2

    Don't mythologize native Americans. They were very few in number, yet did manage to hunt a few species to extinction. If everyone in North America were native American today, our ecological footprint probably wouldn't be much different.

  27. "procreation is a defining aspect of sex" by dskoll · · Score: 2, Interesting

    If you read past the flowery language, you'll see that the Catholic Church's position is based on misogyny and the denial of women's rights to control their bodies. Mind you, so are most religions so don't think I'm bashing Catholicism particularly.

    Specifically in the Catholic case, it's also highly hypocritical. We have this "divine gift" from God, yet priests are not allowed to enjoy it --- all so the Church will inherit their property, of course, rather than natural living heirs. How conveeeenient.

  28. Re:Reconciling faith with science by penguinoid · · Score: 2

    It is just as reasonable to say that a God created our universe as it is to say that another universe deformed and spawned our dimensions.

    Just out of curiosity, what sort of premises lead you to assign an equal estimated probability for a universe to be created by an otherwise hidden powerful sentient being, as a law of nature? And more importantly, how would you make verifiable predictions concerning how the world would look like if it were created by a powerful sentient being as compared to by a law of nature? Finally, if you can make verifiable predictions of the actions of a mysterious sentient being, why bother including the sentient being in the theory since you could just include the rules on how it would act instead?

    --
    Don't waste your vote! Vote for whoever you want, unless you live in a swing state it won't matter anyways
  29. Re:By your logic the Nazis were pro Communist by BlueStrat · · Score: 2

    You are aware, I trust, that you are describing a very small group of men that made up some of the Nazi leadership. The overwhelming majority of Nazis were Catholics and Lutherans.

    And *you* are aware, I trust, that churches throughout Germany had many of their priests/pastors/clergy killed and replaced by Party-approved men, and crosses and other sacraments & symbols were stripped out and replaced with Nazi symbols and flags.

    Right?

    Read up on Dietrich Bonhoeffer and the context of the events related to churches etc in Germany during the Nazi reign.

    Strat

    --
    Progressivism (aka US 'Liberalism'): Ideas so good they need a police/surveillance-state to enforce.
  30. Lawrence Krauss.. With all due respect... by mlwmohawk · · Score: 3, Interesting

    I really enjoy Lawrence Krauss, and Richard Dawkins, and, alas, Christopher Hitchens etc. I am an "anti-theist" and someone who has absolutely no belief in god. That being said, I have spoken at my wfe's church, cooked for their dinners, and was friends with the last pastor. He and I accepted that we had no common ground in the spiritual world, but we both agreed that community is good, and that creating friends and being good friends and neighbours is good. How could that not be? I stood up in front of the church and said I was an Atheist and that I enjoyed the community. I got applause. This is a true story.

    Lawrence, Richard, an others obviously need to continue the Atheism work that they do, but they also need to understand that this was a HUGE movement by the catholic church. HUGE. The pope is a chemist. A scientist. If you judge this pope by his words and his actions, he may be the sort of man that can lead a sizeable portion of the world population in a better direction.

    I think "Atheism" and "Climate Change" are separate. If this pope did not do enough, reach out. He isn't the nazi-youth that was there previously, this is a man trained in chemistry and seems earnest. I think this is the best chance science and a major religion have ever had to work together to address a real problem facing human kind. Rather than snipe at the pope for not going far enough, holy shit guys, 1 billion people claim to listen to this guy, convince him to do better.

  31. Re:Reconciling faith with science by Beck_Neard · · Score: 2

    I'm no member of an advanced spacefaring race but if I were I might find that insulting.

    The actual order of events in genesis is:

    1. 'Let there be light'
    2. Separation of sea and sky.
    3. Creation of dry land.
    4. Creation of day and night.
    5. Creation of water-based animals.
    6. Creation of land-based animals and humans.

    Days 1, 5, and 6 might be a 'fair' approximation of the actual way the world formed. But days 2-4 are totally bogus and seem to be out of order. The way the Earth actually formed, it congealed from a ball of dust and was initially molten; it gradually solidified (forming dry land), had a day & night cycle, and then over millions of years got cool enough for seas to form.

    Why would an 'advanced spacefaring race' mangle the order of events in this way? Do they just like $@#$ing with us? :) Actually that WOULD explain a lot of things.

    --
    A fool and his hard drive are soon parted.
  32. Re:Reconciling faith with science by blue+trane · · Score: 2

    I think the Buddha's Kalama Sutta, called his "charter of free inquiry" , is relevant here. The current Dalai Lama has said "If scientific analysis were conclusively to demonstrate certain claims in Buddhism to be false, then we must accept the findings of science and abandon those claims."

  33. Re:Reconciling faith with science by Bongo · · Score: 2

    There's often confusion between science (testable observations) and science (reasoning, thinking, rationality).

    They overlap in a very specific way: reason is the capacity to think about thinking. Ie. I have a thought, "the Gods like me" and then rather that just start behaving like the Gods like me, I actually then have another thought, "wait, how do I know the Gods like me, what am I basing that thought on?"

    Most people gain the ability to think about thinking in their early teens. Until then, we just parrot what we're told.

    Now, this enquiry, "how do I know if this is really true?" is the basis of science. Science is technically called a "3rd person perspective", ie. it is objective. It comes from like, 13th century or something, where who armies were about to charge each other on the battle field, both of them yelling "GOD IS ON OUR SIDE!!!" and a clever guy standing on a hill watching, said to himself, "well, they can't both be right". He was literally the 3rd person there, as the first two could not stand objectively and see the scene. He realised, they can't both be right, so at least one side is deluding themselves, is mistaken, yet they appear completely convinced. So how do I know if I ma right? I can't just rely on feeling certain of my view. It has to be..... TESTED!

    That's science and reason. The ability to know that we can fool ourselves, so we need a way to TEST.

    Ironically, climate change is one of those things where they say, oh we can't wait until it is really testable, we have to act, which you know, is a problem. It is such a problem that people resort to calling others immoral denialists, for pointing to it. And ironic that the Pope weighs in on it, too.

    But if you read many of those paragraphs in the Pope's thing, you'll see that he is only using it to promote Christian values, like self sacrifice, helping the poor, etc. And he's very against postmodern values, where people try to think about alternatives. It would be nice if he said, please build some nuclear power stations, or improve the efficiency of cars, but no, he's all like, stop being selfish you sinners! Stop being materialistic! Stop being greedy!

    And frankly, I'm of the opinion that climate change has been tuned in to a polarised, good guys v bad guys, "science" v "denialists", that it is no wonder that the Pope can come in and say, see I told you, you must respect the ABSOLUTE AUTHORITY OF GOD!

    It is just a symptom of ecology having been dumbed down to such an extent that it has become religious an polarised.

    The actual calculations and reasoning you have to make just to figure out the carbon footprint of an espresso are complex, full of assumptions, and difficult. Ecology is NOT a simple subject. The climate is NOT a simple subject. Should you build a coal station, to raise living standards faster, improve healthcare, and thus reduce child birth rates, or should you be "sustainable" and limit energy availability, so development takes longer, and people maybe continue with high birth rates for longer? That's just an example.

    But no, denialists! And now with the Pope's blessing, evil selfish god-denying denialists!

    But back to your point, someone would have to sit down with Hitler, and rationally explain to him Human Rights, and that he has no basis for thinking that his race was superior to other races, or if he does cite evidence, you critically examine it, and even then, ask, so what's the moral reasoning for him thinking that his place is to dominate others rather than help others? Most of this stuff can be reasoned out and doesn't require Gods.

    And we actually know form developmental psychology that humans go through several stages of ethical and reasoning ability, so we know that what appears to be completely self evident to Hitler, is not reasonable to other people who have a higher and more reasonable capacity. It goes back to that ability to think about thinking, which is the start of being able to take the perspective of other people, and that's the basi

  34. Re:the battle of the selfless by dave420 · · Score: 3, Insightful

    This is why you are called a denialist. All data is incomplete (as we can not measure everything in the universe, or every atom in the planet), some models are doing very well (see here, for example), and "hidden consequences" doesn't mean anything as if they are hidden you don't know about them, meaning you can't use them in your argument. If you'd said "consequences", you'd have to tell us what they are. You are clearly intelligent - how you can selectively ignore the scientific method is beyond me, especially when your entire life is predicated on it being effective.

  35. Re:the battle of the selfless by dave420 · · Score: 2

    You can feign indignance or you can read the IPCC report. Your choice.

  36. Re:Reconciling faith with science by Beck_Neard · · Score: 2

    You bring up the theory of continental drift. I'll raise you aether, magnetic field lines, general relativity, quantum theory, and many, many others. All of these were met with vicious opposition at the start. Again, the process of science is designed to slowly lumber towards the truth. You can't get at the truth immediately or quickly. It doesn't work that way. Nor does it matter what a single person thinks - the only think that matters is the gradually-accumulating body of evidence and theory.

    It is completely and 100% irrelevant whether a bunch of scientists behave rationally or not. Actually, scientists are expected to act irrationally! Scientists are human beings and asking them to be rational really is asking too much, and the process of science is designed to take this into account! Which is why continental drift was eventually accepted, yet most religions continue to insist that God created Adam and Eve out of mud.

    You're drawing a ridiculous and unjustifiable parallel between the process of science - which is a continually-improving process to get at the truth - and faith-based dogma, which is essentially the opposite of that. I'd appreciate if you instead just said what you mean - that you hate science and think scientists are wrong and full of themselves (which is, by the way, completely OK! Even most scientists often think other scientists are wrong and full of themselves!)

    --
    A fool and his hard drive are soon parted.
  37. Re:People who care dislike AGW by dave420 · · Score: 2

    Your understanding of this field is flawed, it seems. The "mild warming" you are talking about does not improve agriculture. The crops humans rely on are heavily suited to their environment. Our staple grains are usually less nutritional with increased CO2, so we'd need to grow more to sustain the current population. The land suitable for agriculture will move towards the poles, into areas with sub-par soil (in the case of areas previously scoured by glacial activity) and no infrastructure to farm it (as the farmers live where they currently farm, and moving them, their machinery, and the associated industry support continually towards the poles for generations to come). So not only are your grains less nutritional, you need to grow more of them with fewer resources in poorer soil.

    People do care and they have called out the charlatans. You seem to believe the charlatans, though, which would explain why you are claiming things the evidence simply does not suggest. I'd suggest reading the IPCC reports, but I don't think that'd help you.

  38. Re:the battle of the selfless by tbannist · · Score: 2

    According to Jared Diamond in Guns, Germs and Steel, that is most likely a consequence of Native Americans not having access to any arable staple crops. Once the option to grow corn for food became available, the Native Americans began settling down into cities. Unfortunately for the Native Americans the difficulty in acquiring a staple crop left them thousands of years behind the Europeans in their development and the subsequent exposure to European Germs wiped out the Native American cities. Somewhere around 95% of the city dwellers were wiped out during the initial contact with Europeans.

    So that means that Native Americans had already discovered "economic development" when Europeans arrived, but the vast majority of those practising it were killed by simultaneous epidemics of smallpox, typhus, measles, influenza, bubonic plague, cholera, malaria, tuberculosis, mumps, yellow fever, and pertussis all introduced (at about the same time) to North America by Europeans.

    --
    Fanatically anti-fanatical
  39. Re:the Pope and his Mythical Sky-God by Layzej · · Score: 4, Informative

    Here are the folks who advise the Pope on science: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/...

    Some names you may recognize: Edward Witten, Stephen Hawking, Francis Collins, Mario Molina, Maxine Singer, etc.

  40. Re:Reconciling faith with science by blue+trane · · Score: 2

    Scientific skepticism is an assumption, a conclusion without proof, which is faith.

  41. Re:By your logic the Nazis were pro Communist by Amtrak · · Score: 2

    You are aware, I trust, that you are describing a very small group of men that made up some of the Nazi leadership. The overwhelming majority of Nazis were Catholics and Lutherans.

    You are aware that the majority of Germans were Catholics and Lutherans in 1938 right?

    It only makes sense that a political party in a certain country would be made up of people who believe in the two most represented religions in that country. So maybe, just maybe this is correlation not causation. Just saying.