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Want To Fight Climate Change? Stop Cows From Burping

sciencehabit writes: A simple supplement to a cow's feed could substantially decrease a major source of methane, a planet-warming greenhouse gas, a new study suggests. Each year worldwide, the methane produced by cud-chewing livestock warms Earth's climate by the same amount as 2.1 billion tons of carbon dioxide, a little more than 4% of the greenhouse gas emissions related to human activity. That makes cows tempting targets for methane reduction efforts. In a new study, researchers added the chemical 3-nitrooxypropanol, also known as 3NOP, to the corn-and-alfalfa-based feed of 84 milk-producing Holsteins and monitored their methane production for 12 weeks—the largest and longest such trial of its type in lactating cows, the scientists say. For cows whose feed included 3NOP, methane emissions dropped, on average, by 30%.

23 of 299 comments (clear)

  1. Burping *is* for cows! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Funny

    You are all cows! Cows burp. BUUUUUUUURP! BUUUUUUURP! Buurp cows BUUUUURP! Burp say the cows. YOU BURPING COWS!!

    1. Re:Burping *is* for cows! by ArcadeMan · · Score: 2

      For once it's actually on-topic and funny.

  2. So 30% of 4% is 1.2%. What is attractive here? by gweihir · · Score: 2

    And if you take into account the problems of implementing this, then this becomes one of the most stupid ideas to reduce greenhouse emissions...

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    Most ACs are not even worth the keystrokes to insult them. Be generically insulted by this and ignored otherwise.
    1. Re:So 30% of 4% is 1.2%. What is attractive here? by Gadget_Guy · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Because all the 1.2% savings that can be made add up to make a large difference. If we find eight ways to make 1.2% savings across different areas then that is nearly a 10% reduction in the human generation of greenhouse gases. The human race isn't limited to finding just one method to solve the climate change problem. If we make small savings across the board with cost-effective, manageable solutions then we don't have to solve the problem with a single grand gesture that ends up costing a lot of money.

      And what are the problems that you envisage implementing this? The article says:

      Larger tests will be needed to see if detrimental effects crop up over the long term

      I find it interesting that you have already found out what the problems are before scientists have managed to do any studies.

    2. Re:So 30% of 4% is 1.2%. What is attractive here? by Gadget_Guy · · Score: 2

      And yet making unsubstantial allegations and spreading FUD is exactly what we need around here. If you can't make a statement without explaining yourself then you have even less business commenting here than I have.

      Believe it or not, farmers are concerned with climate change because it directly affects them. Here in Australia, our farmers often cooperate with the CSIRO (and other institutions) to study various aspects of climate change and methods to combat it. Also, any government that wants to make a cheap demonstration that they are doing something to meet their greenhouse gas emission targets could easily subsidise the addition of a single chemical into the feed of cows and other animals.

    3. Re:So 30% of 4% is 1.2%. What is attractive here? by Gadget_Guy · · Score: 2

      Then what is this about:

      I am saying getting farmers to implement this will be problematic.

    4. Re:So 30% of 4% is 1.2%. What is attractive here? by Gadget_Guy · · Score: 4, Interesting

      This chemical makes the feed more effective, and more of the nutrients gets digested by the cows. Why would farmers not want a more effective feed? How is that naive?

      All the complaints here are predicated on the idea that this will cost a lot of money and that farmers will not be willing to pay for it so the it will have to be mandated by a government decree. Nobody has provided any evidence of these claims.

      The scientists say that more studies need to be done on this subject, and that they still don't have all the answers. I don't claim to have all the answers. But the people who are against the idea seem to have all the answers; enough to judge this idea as unworkable and call anyone who wants them to justify their claims as naive, irrational, thoughtless and have no business commenting.

    5. Re:So 30% of 4% is 1.2%. What is attractive here? by Gavagai80 · · Score: 2

      Farmers are easily convinced to do anything with tax incentives. They already get paid to take their land out of production when necessary.

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    6. Re:So 30% of 4% is 1.2%. What is attractive here? by ancientt · · Score: 2

      Lets say, just hypothetically, that this is implemented at a federal government level. Further, lets take as a given that this supplement makes cows healthier, happier and cheaper to feed. Additionally, lets assume that we want this enough to subsidize this for farmers to the point that they're actually paid slightly to implement it. I'd call this set of givens the ideal situation.

      Even if we had such an ideal situation, there will be a lot of ranchers and farmers who don't trust the government's plan (my father will probably be one of them) and people in that group won't implement the change. Then there will undoubtedly be the "organic" beef people who demand 3NOP free labeling and some farmers and ranchers will target that market and not implement. Other countries won't necessarily follow suit. Some will, but some certainly won't.

      However, knowing that some people will resist change isn't a valid reason to avoid considering whether change needs to happen. Civil rights, the abolition of slavery, freeing jews in internment camps... all are changes that every normal person now would agree needed to happen. There was resistance at the time and there are still people who don't like the changes even now, but that doesn't mean we shouldn't have put the effort in.

      Change is bad. Not changing is bad. No matter how elegant and beneficial a solution is, no matter how bad the problem is, there will always be some struggle implementing the solution. Even knowing leaded gasoline is bad, and having some idea how bad, there are still quite a few engines (small planes jump to mind) which still use it. Changing to unleaded gasoline was beneficial and a struggle, and it was worth it. (Do some reading if you are unfamiliar with how significant that change was.)

      My point is that we can acknowledge there will always be issues with implementing big changes without weakening the argument that change is good and needed.

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  3. Cue the smug vegetarians by TheRaven64 · · Score: 2

    If we all went vegetarian and killed off the domesticated cattle, then we'd make a huge difference! Kill a cow today!

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    I am TheRaven on Soylent News
    1. Re:Cue the smug vegetarians by Carewolf · · Score: 2

      If we all went vegetarian and killed off the domesticated cattle, then we'd make a huge difference! Kill a cow today!

      I will do my pat by eating a large steak tonight.

  4. Re:How do you... by Opportunist · · Score: 2, Funny

    If our war on any other imaginary enemy is any indicator, by eliminating freedom.

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    We used to have a Bill of Rights. Now, with the rights gone, all we have left is the bill.
  5. But ... but ... by cascadingstylesheet · · Score: 2, Insightful

    ... this measure doesn't involve:

    • -hating Republicans, or
    • -making people who aren't me give up stuff

    So how is that any fun, I ask you?!?

  6. What is the result? by Rob+Lister · · Score: 2

    For cows whose feed included 3NOP, methane emissions dropped, on average, by 30%.

    And what will that reduction mean in terms of temperature reduction? Is the answer zero?

  7. Being that there seems to be no serious messages by jellomizer · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Global warming is a complex issue, with many factors and no easy answer. Because of this complexity it makes it easy for someone to just not believe it is true, because the complexity it too much for any one person to handle. It is more complex than switching to solar panels, and electric cars, and stopping cows from having gas.
    Fixing these issues requires changing culture, which is hard, and will create a lot of people resistant to changes, they will hire a lot of people to make their point across, to convince others.

    We have a lot of science, and we need more... However I think one thing is needed isn't finding a silver bullet, is to counter the destructive marketing with more counter marketing. Many of the colleges and universities who are doing a lot of science on the topic, also have business schools and programs. Get a handful of those MBA and Public relation majors onto your grant, to help spread the information to help change the culture.

    I have seen major cultural changes happen due to effective marketing. From 2004 - 2015 where there was talk to make a constitutional amendment to ban Gay marriages, to it being legal in all states. The rise of smart phones and mobile connectivity...

    Marking isn't always bad and trying to sell you products, it is also used to explain ideas. They are actually a lot of MBA students who are not about being money grubbing capitalists, but are about trying to make the world better. (MBA with considerations in not-for-profit is a popular track). These grant for science, should also be allocated to students who are trained to sell the ideas to the general population.

    Showing a graph doesn't have impact on those who don't know how to read graphs.

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    If something is so important that you feel the need to post it on the internet... It probably isn't that important.
  8. Re:What did friday come late or early ? by Crashmarik · · Score: 3, Interesting

    If you look at the raw temp data for the U.S. we have been in a cooling trend for the past 115 years

    ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/da...

    If you compare the adjustments to the trend the adjustments are actually bigger than the error bars and larger than the raw data's trend.

    What is it we are supposed to be mitigating ?

  9. Re:Correct me if I'm wrong here by GreyLurk · · Score: 3, Informative

    Generally, yes, but Methane has a far stronger Greenhouse Effect (IR Radiation absorption rate) than Carbon Dioxide. If we can convert the methane into CO2, that's actually probably going to reduce overall global warming.

  10. Re:Bullshit by Karmashock · · Score: 2

    Eat what you like. If you want to be tired and suffer from malnutrition that is your own business.

    I am a homo sapien. I am an opportunistic omnivore. I need a varied diet to remain healthy. A cow can sit there and eat grass all day and he's happy. Some bird can eat nuts all day and he's happy... wolves or sharks etc can eat nothing but meat and be happy.

    I can't do that. I have to eat a little of everything.

    And I will. You are welcome to do what you want. But don't come between the thinking ape and his meat... especially if you're tired and malnourished.

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  11. Obligatory XKCD by Gavagai80 · · Score: 2

    Why cows matter: https://xkcd.com/1338/

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  12. One small step... [Re:How do you...] by Geoffrey.landis · · Score: 2, Insightful

    The whole idea that cow burps could produce enough carbon to destroy the planet is why so many people deny even the possibility that emitting industrial quantities of carbon can change the climate. It just makes the whole issue sound ridiculous. Methane may be 20 times as powerful a greenhouse gas as CO2, but because of its reactivity it does not persist in the atmosphere in the same way.

    There's some insight in that comment-- compared to the 40 trillion kilograms of carbon dioxide emitted into the atmosphere by combustion of coal, the amount of warming by cows is small. However, although it is smaller effect, it is not negligible contributes. According to the original article:

    Each year worldwide, the methane produced by cud-chewing livestock warms Earth’s climate by the same amount as 2.1 billion tons of carbon dioxide, a little more than 4% of the greenhouse gas emissions related to human activity.

    So, here's a way to affect 4% of the problem (not solve, but affect), with no effect on standard of living whatsoever-- it's a small step, but with essentially no cost: cow methane production is of no economically value.

    What bothers me, however, is that the article is talking about burps, while the problem is cow emissions. Not all cow methane emissions are burps.

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    http://www.geoffreylandis.com
    1. Re:One small step... [Re:How do you...] by riverat1 · · Score: 4, Interesting

      What bothers me, however, is that the article is talking about burps, while the problem is cow emissions. Not all cow methane emissions are burps.

      The majority of the methane a cow produces is burped up rather than coming out the other end. That is from the microbial fermentation that takes place in the cows rumen.

      The uppermost area of the rumen, the headspace, is filled with gases (such as methane, carbon dioxide, and, to a much lower degree, hydrogen) released from fermentation and anaerobic respiration of food. These gases are regularly expelled from the reticulorumen through the mouth, in a process called eructation.

      I'm not particularly concerned about the methane released by cows and other ruminants because that is carbon from plants they eat that originally drew it from the air in the first place. So it doesn't add to the total carbon in the active carbon cycle like burning fossil fuels does which is the real problem. If all we were getting was some increased methane from raising more livestock it would be a minor problem that would hardly be worth worrying about if CO2 levels were still around 280 ppm. Far more concerning to me is the methane being released from organic matter in the permafrost and methane ices under the sea that's been sequestered from the active carbon cycle for a long time.

    2. Re: One small step... [Re:How do you...] by riverat1 · · Score: 2

      The way we raise cows is an issue but fixing the problem of methane released by ruminants will not fix the problem of AGW. It will just make a slight reduction in the warming.

  13. Wrong, and wrong [Re: How do you...] by Geoffrey.landis · · Score: 4, Informative

    Don't climate "scientists" have a personal bias invested in a certain outcome?

    No. That's the argument made over and over again, but it isn't actually the way science works. In the long run, scientists gain kudos by getting the right answer. Despite the arguments of deniers, scientists aren't idiots.

    And in the scientific community, the standard is: the more sensational the claim, the more evidence is required. And climate "science" has made some pretty sensational claims

    Again, wrong. In some ways, the problem with actual climate science (not what's in the press, real science) is that the effect isn't sensational. The climate scientists are claiming that anthropogenic carbon dioxide has warmed the planet by on the order of one degree-- far too little for anybody to actually personally notice, although well measurable on a statistical basis. That's only a few percent of the natural greenhouse warming (which is well understood, and not at all controversial, even though it's exactly the same physics).

    The reason that denial is so easy is that the effect is so small. Over the long term, of course, it does built up-- but that's brings in the argument "why should we do anything for posterity? What has posterity ever done for us?"

    that have a history if not coming true.

    Again, wrong. I've been tracking the predictions to data for several years now, and climate modelling still seems to be pretty good; tracking to well within statistical error. The only people who say it isn't are saying so by cherry-picking data that isn't statistically significant.

    But we knew that: if the greenhouse effect didn't exist, the Earth would be a frozen snowball.

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