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Why In-Flight Wi-Fi Is Still Slow and Expensive

An anonymous reader writes: Let's grant that having access to the internet while on an airplane is pretty amazing. When airlines first began offering it several years ago, it was agonizingly slow and somewhat pricey as well. Unfortunately, it's only gotten more expensive over the years, and the speeds are still frustrating. This is in part because the main provider of in-flight internet, Gogo, knows most of its regular customers will pay for it, regardless of cost. Business travelers with expense accounts don't care if it's $1 or $10 or $50 — they need to stay connected. Data speeds haven't improved because Gogo says the scale isn't big enough to do much infrastructure investment, and most of the hardware is custom-made. A third of Gogo-equipped planes can manage 10 Mbps, while the rest top out at 3 Mbps. There's hope on the horizon — the company says a new satellite service should enable 70 Mbps per plane by the end of the year — but who knows how much they'll charge for an actual useful connection.

35 of 194 comments (clear)

  1. Problem with the solution? by shortscruffydave · · Score: 4, Insightful

    70 Mbps per plane sounds good on the face of it, but if that's being delivered via satellite then I would expect that latency becomes much more of an issue. Is this just replacing one problem with another?

    1. Re:Problem with the solution? by edtice1559 · · Score: 4, Interesting

      I don't think that would be a problem at all for business users. In fact there is actually plenty of bandwidth on the plane for us. All we want is to be able to send and receive *text* email reliably. The issue with WiFi on planes is that people want to do things like stream Youtube and this eats up all of the bandwidth. Really what is needed is a traffic prioritization solution. I think, however, that the summary is wrong in terms of caring about cost. I don't think that too many employers actually pay for the WiFi on planes. I don't think I've ever purchased it. I mostly use it on Southwest where it is free. (For A-List Preferred flyers)

    2. Re:Problem with the solution? by Austerity+Empowers · · Score: 4, Informative

      Well no, even when travelling on business all my docs are on a web-server, often with images. Also, VNC is an essential part of my job, in that I cannot run the sims on a puny IT issued laptop, and need my desktop or datacenter to see waves and do any form of debug. But wifi as it exists makes this painful.

      Certainly youtube/netflix/etc. would be nice, but at this point the I'd consider mail, web and vnc as "essential".

    3. Re:Problem with the solution? by lexman098 · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Jesus, what company do you work for that makes you debug sims on a plane? I can barely manage it at home.

    4. Re:Problem with the solution? by jeremyp · · Score: 3, Funny

      Maybe he means "play the Sims" and debug something else.

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    5. Re:Problem with the solution? by edtice1559 · · Score: 3, Insightful

      I see your point. But I don't think your scenario is really what one thinks of when it comes to a "business traveler." When I think of business travelers needing to stay connected, I envision a major client calling in upset about something and they better get a reassuring email quickly or all hell will break loose. WiFi today could meet your needs, though, with a little planning. There are a lot of good mobility solutions out there that let you synchronize documents locally (and support things like remote wipe should a device be lost or stolen). Also VNC is terribly inefficient with the netowork. The Windows RDP client is really wonderful in that it uses almost no bandwidth (2400 baud model is more than enough.) If accessing Linux machines, I think that NoMachine is the best choice. VNC sends giant raster images continuously and will never be satisfied regardless of how much bandwidth you have.

    6. Re:Problem with the solution? by hawguy · · Score: 2

      Why do you automatically assume that "satellite" means latency? Only GEO has the latency problem. They could be using a LEO satellite constellation, in exchange for allowing the use of fixed antennas. Even Iridium is going that way, as they replace their whole constellation over the next few years with stuff that can do high-speed digital. (Iridium-classic is basically analog-voice-only.)

      Because on my last trip on United, latency varied between 800ms at the lowest, up to 2100ms. Though bandwidth was pretty consistent at around 3mbit - 6mbit. Upstream bandwidth was a consistent .01mbit.

      Makes interactive SSH sessions nearly impossible.

    7. Re:Problem with the solution? by hawguy · · Score: 3, Informative

      One would think that latency is much less of an issue when you are 9 km closer to the satellite, with nothing obstructing the Fresnel zone.

      When the satellite is somewhere between 750km (for LEO) to 40,000km (for Geosynchronous), 9km doesn't make much difference.

    8. Re:Problem with the solution? by TheRaven64 · · Score: 3, Interesting

      United has started to roll out something like this (they keep telling me about it, while apologising for the fact that it isn't yet in the planes that I happen to be in at the time), where you can stream the video content to your laptop / tablet / phone, rather than watch on the crappy screen on the back of the seat. It's not terrible well thought through, because they don't provide a little slot on the back of the seat to hold the tablet for you, so you have to balance it on the tray table, which they then put food on. I don't know how much they pay for the in-flight entertainment now, but I bet Netflix could undercut them (especially if they provided a limited catalogue to everyone and a less limited catalogue to their customers. One interesting option would be for Netflix customers to indicate their flight number and select things to be cached before boarding, while the plane is at the gate).

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    9. Re:Problem with the solution? by Known+Nutter · · Score: 2

      Well no, even when travelling on business all my docs are on a web-server, often with images. Also, VNC is an essential part of my job, in that I cannot run the sims on a puny IT issued laptop, and need my desktop or datacenter to see waves and do any form of debug. But wifi as it exists makes this painful.

      Jesus. Sometimes "on the plane" means you're on a fucking plane, and can't do some things.

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    10. Re:Problem with the solution? by U2xhc2hkb3QgU3Vja3M · · Score: 3, Funny

      You should upgrade to the T-1000, it automatically configures itself for the required tasks.

    11. Re: Problem with the solution? by rworne · · Score: 2

      I've been on those planes.

      Yes, the service is pretty good - a lot of their cross-country flights are being upgraded to those thinner plastic seats to cram more passengers in and there's no seat-back screen anymore. Only problem is you have your phone, pad, or computer and no in-seat power in cattle class.

      On a recent flight from FRA to LAX, the aging 747 had this installed and you had the screens in business class and the wifi on your device with 2-3x the selection. Better than 2 years ago when they had CRT's hanging over the aisle.

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    12. Re:Problem with the solution? by PhotoJim · · Score: 2

      I think the problem here is that yes, you don't want to waste the time, but you (and few others) are willing to pay what it would really cost to offer fast airborne bandwidth.

      A few Mbps are really quite adequate for 99% of the users that *need* in-air connectivity (or simply want it to prevent being bored, like me with IRC and web browsing). If people want to do heavy VNC work or video streaming on board aircraft, they're going to have to pay more than $20 for it. It's that simple.

  2. JetBlue FTW by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Informative

    All true with the exception of JetBlue who provides some of the fastest in-flight WiFi for FREE. I've streamed Netflix on JetBlue flights without any problem.

    1. Re:JetBlue FTW by 91degrees · · Score: 2

      Norwegian do as well. But they and JetBlue are both budget airlines. It's a similar situation with hotels. Expensive business hotels will charge a substantial daily rate for internet access.

      In Norwegian's case, it looks like they make up some of the cost on PPV movies. I'm guessing JetBlue does something similar.

    2. Re:JetBlue FTW by tepples · · Score: 2

      The featured article addresses that. Gogo tied up certain airlines with decade-long exclusive contracts. JetBlue instead signed with ViaSat, which entered the market later with a more affordable service that the airline can just bundle into the ticket price.

  3. Gogo very good choice for a company name ... by nicodem · · Score: 5, Funny

    In french un gogo means an easily fooled person ...

  4. Am I the only person... by Viol8 · · Score: 5, Insightful

    ... who still thinks being able to get a wireless internet link in an aircraft doing 600mph at 35K feet is pretty fucking amazing. I can't believe people complain about the bandwidth - they should be grateful this tech exists at all.

  5. Virgin Atlantic's 787s by DougM · · Score: 5, Interesting

    I regularly fly with Virgin Atlantic, and their new 787s have a fantastic wifi service courtesy of T-Mobile. I worked a problem during a recent flight from London to DC spending the entire flight remotely logged-in to remote applications over Citrix XenApp. Latency was poor (you cannae change the laws of physics) but consistent and throughput was perfectly fine.

    The cost? £15 for unlimited data for whole the flight. Even better, on my second trip I discovered the service is included in my monthly iPass Mobile Connect subscription, so my incremental cost was zero!

    I understand they're using ka-band satellites with approximately 70Mbps per channel. I guess they can always run multiple links if usage takes-off.

    1. Re:Virgin Atlantic's 787s by PrimaryConsult · · Score: 2

      If you bill or are paid hourly that flight of otherwise dead time could earn you 9 hours of pay...

  6. Declare SSID's expensive by amorsen · · Score: 4, Interesting

    When setting up an access point, it should be possible to designate it as "expensive", and by default devices should adhere to this and try to limit unnecessary data usage. I get annoyed when I use my phone as a hot spot and discover that my computer has fetched upgrades, my other phone has downloaded a bunch of podcasts, and so on. It would also allow me to keep a backup wireless SSID running permanently, knowing that the devices will go for the cheap SSID first.

    I bet that quite a bit of bandwidth usage on planes is due to phones thinking they are switching from expensive (but actually dirt cheap) 3G/4G to cheap (but actually really expensive) wifi.

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    1. Re:Declare SSID's expensive by edtice1559 · · Score: 2

      That's probably a good long-term solution. In the short-term, the networks aren't managed well at all. There is a request that you avoid things like streaming full-length movies but no enforcement. Same for VoIP calls and the like (which work surprisingly well even on the limited bandwidth). Give low priority to things like app downloads, be more aggressive about not allowing voice calls.

    2. Re:Declare SSID's expensive by wbo · · Score: 2

      Actually some operating systems do allow you to mark a connection as being metered. Windows 8 and later allow you to mark a Wifi connection as metered and background transfers (BITS, Windows Update, SCCM downloads, etc) will be suspended until the device is connected to a non-metered connection.

      I believe some Android devices have a similar option but I don't think it is in the core OS but rather something that a few OEMs have added.

    3. Re:Declare SSID's expensive by hankwang · · Score: 3, Informative

      "When setting up an access point, it should be possible to designate it as "expensive", and by default devices should adhere to this and try to limit unnecessary data usage"

      Android has a feature (settings / data usage / menu / mobile hotspots) to do exactly that. Android also seems to detect if it is tethered to another Android phone but I'm not sure how that works. iPhones certainly don't recognize Android hotspots, as a I learned when my friend's iPhone downloaded 50 MB roaming data in 3 minutes when she just wanted to check her email.

    4. Re:Declare SSID's expensive by AmiMoJo · · Score: 2

      Both Android and Windows already support this.

      On Android go to Settings->Data Usage->menu->Mobile Hotspots and select the networks you want to mark as being "mobile", which will make Android limit data use over them the same way it would over your mobile connection.

      On Windows 10, 8 and I think 7 you simply need to mark the selected wifi network as "metered". You can do it by right clicking on the network in the network list when you connect to it. Windows will then limit its use.

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  7. All we want is email by edtice1559 · · Score: 2

    Southwest offers a discount "messaging only" access plan on flights. I'm not sure exactly what is included or how they determine what traffic to let through. If they dedicated a portion of bandwidth for the things that business users care about (email), it would be a higher value offering. Right now that traffic gets mixed in with people wanting to do things like Youtube and Skype on the plane. I pointed this out in another post, but I don't know of any employers who reimburse WiFi on the plane. However, it's also not expensive. If you fly once every few months, maybe you think $8-$10 is expensive for this amazing technology. There are monthly plans available, though, that seem pretty reasonable.

  8. Latency not a deal breaker by Comboman · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Latency is only really an issue with certain applications like on-line gaming or VOIP. For web browsing, file downloading, even video/audio streaming, latency isn't a big deal.

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    1. Re:Latency not a deal breaker by Luthair · · Score: 2

      And lets be honest, the last thing anyone on a plane wants is some asshole nearby using Skype.

    2. Re:Latency not a deal breaker by beelsebob · · Score: 2

      Actually, for web browsing, latency is the big issue. You receive one file, which instructs you to download 10 other files. 3 of those instruct you to download another 23 files, and 4 of those instruct you to grab another 8. That's 4 layers of two way latency just to get the page to render. If your latency is 500ms, that's 2 second page load times alone. The time to actually send the text meanwhile was very low.

      And that's for a relatively simple web page.

      Long story short - web makes way too many seperate round trips that are dependent on each other for bandwidth to be the concern - latency is everything.

  9. Because Everything To Do With Air Travel... by LaurenCates · · Score: 4, Insightful

    ...is slow and expensive?

    I'm sure I'm not the first person in the world to have come up with the idea of putting a Dollar Store in an airport. Since I've never owned or operated a retail outlet of any kind, though, I can imagine there's some sort of prohibition to the idea that I haven't thought of yet. But by and large, the reason we don't see this is it would probably piss in someone's corn flakes that someone, in some airport somewhere, would get something for cheap.

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  10. Re:Slow is why it's expensive. by bill_mcgonigle · · Score: 2

    They'd make the same money per flight if 10 people paid $1 or if 1 person paid $10. They just want to keep it greedy.

    Just the opposite, in fact - they want to keep it "fair" and that's the whole problem. Reality is you get what you pay for. This is true for loads of gravel to bandwidth.

    But Americans are programmed to demand "fairness" and "equality" in all things and revolt when given pricing tiers that reflect reality. The most workable option, at present, would probably be to have SSID's for "First Class", "Business Class", and "Steerage", because those discrimination levels currently exist, and price accordingly, though there's no rational reason for somebody to not be able to prefer steerage seating and first-class routing, or vice-versa.

    "Fairness" is a dangerous fantasy.

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  11. VNC by tepples · · Score: 2

    Latency is only really an issue with certain applications like on-line gaming or VOIP.

    Or remote desktop solutions such as VNC, RDP, or X11.

  12. Re:Slow is why it's expensive. by tepples · · Score: 2

    Hey if you think that you can provide a better, cheaper service, you're free to do so.

    Unless Gogo has all your potential clients tied up for a decade with exclusive contracts.

  13. Re:Skype in text mode by R3d+M3rcury · · Score: 2

    I don't think latency is a real issue for text mode.

  14. Re:Skype in text mode by alhead · · Score: 2

    I think generally when people say "using Skype," they mean using it for video or voice, as those are the specific functions that set it apart from the countless ways people can send text messages to and from each other. If someone asks you to use your phone, I expect that you'd be put out if they used it to scrape off their boots, even though that could be described as "using the phone."