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Peter Thiel: We Need a New Atomic Age

HughPickens.com writes: Peter Thiel writes in the NYT that what's especially strange about the failed push for renewables is that we already had a practical plan back in the 1960s to become fully carbon-free without any need of wind or solar: nuclear power. "But after years of cost overruns, technical challenges and the bizarre coincidence of an accident at Three Mile Island and the 1979 release of the Hollywood horror movie "The China Syndrome," about a hundred proposed reactors were canceled," says Thiel. "If we had kept building, our power grid could have been carbon-free years ago. Instead, we went in reverse."

According to Thiel, a new generation of American nuclear scientists has produced designs for better reactors. Crucially, these new designs may finally overcome the most fundamental obstacle to the success of nuclear power: high cost. Designs using molten salt, alternative fuels and small modular reactors have all attracted interest not just from academics but also from entrepreneurs and venture capitalists like me ready to put money behind nuclear power. However, none of these new designs can benefit the real world without a path to regulatory approval, and today's regulations are tailored for traditional reactors, making it almost impossible to commercialize new ones. "Both the right's fear of government and the left's fear of technology have jointly stunted our nuclear energy policy," concludes Thiel. "supporting nuclear power with more than words is the litmus test for seriousness about climate change. Like Nixon's going to China, this is something only Mr. Obama can do. If this president clears the path for a new atomic age, American scientists are ready to build it."

27 of 366 comments (clear)

  1. "Failed" push for renewables? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Insightful

    [citation needed]

    1. Re:"Failed" push for renewables? by duckintheface · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Yes, this is the most important point that can be made about the article. It is based on a false premise: "what's especially strange about the failed push for renewables".

      Wind and solar are growing faster than ever, in the US, in China, in Europe and in the developing world. Nuclear is an over-centralized, expensive, and dangerous technology based on a limited fuel source. Renewables would be growing even faster if it were not actively opposed by the incumbent fossil fuel industry which puts up legal roadblocks and receives far more in government subsidies than renewables ever have.

      --
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    2. Re:"Failed" push for renewables? by ka9dgx · · Score: 5, Informative

      Uranium fueled reactors are the result of a premature optimization... they aren't reactive enough to work with oxides as fuel.. so you end up having to do all sorts of engineering to try to keep it from oxidizing, whilst only a small barrier away from water. It was never a good idea. The hydrogen bubble that almost made 3 mile island even worse is a result of this chemistry at work. Not only that, when Uranium splits, it only yields 90% of the energy immediately, the remaining 10% takes millions of years, which means a reactor producing 1GW of heat at load will still generate 100 Megawatts when you stop the chain reaction... and if you can't cool it, the thing will melt down.

      Thorium yields 99% of the energy immediately, which reduces the need for cooling after the fact by a factor of 10... plus in a Thorium reactor, the fuel is a liquid fluoride, which means you just have to divide the critical mass in the event of an emergency, and you're done with it. A few flat wide steel tanks encased in concrete would do the trick, even if dry.

      I'd happily live down the street from a Thorium reactor.

    3. Re:"Failed" push for renewables? by kheldan · · Score: 5, Interesting

      I'd happily live down the street from a Thorium reactor.

      I second the motion.
      Speaking as someone who, back in the late 80's, out of my own fear due to ignorance and a lack of foresight, voted to shut down Rancho Seco, I've come full circle on the subject, and now feel that nuclear power is, for at least the time being, an excellent option to break us out of the use of fossil fuels, at least while other technologies are being (further) developed, and from what I've read on the subject, thorium reactors are a better, safer choice than uranium reactors, and more sustainable for the time being due to the relative abundance of thorium -- assuming we've learned from our mistakes and can design and operate such plants in an appropriately safe manner. Meanwhile I'll hold out hope that we manage to solve the puzzle of workable fusion reactor design, and the proliferation of technologies like photovoltaics can do nothing but good and I encourage their further development wholeheartedly. As a sidebar we need to persuade the electric power industry to stop whinging about rooftop solar and embrace it rather than treating it like it's The Enemy Trying To Destroy Them; just another case of an outdated business model that refuses to die, and profit standing in the way of much-needed progress, much like the way the auto industry treats upstart plug-in electric vehicle manufacturers like Tesla. Big Business can't be allowed to determine the course human progress is going to take, because on average they'll choose profit over what's good for people over the long run every single time (in my opinion).

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    4. Re:"Failed" push for renewables? by careysub · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Uranium fueled reactors are the result of a premature optimization... they aren't reactive enough to work with oxides as fuel.. so you end up having to do all sorts of engineering to try to keep it from oxidizing, whilst only a small barrier away from water. It was never a good idea...

      Which is why every commercial power reactor on the planet uses uranium oxide fuel?

      You need to get the facts in your thorium-is-the-answer pitch straight. (I leave aside the matter of "What was the question?")

      --
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    5. Re:"Failed" push for renewables? by gweihir · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Germany had a Thorium reactor in the 300MW range. They never managed to work out the kinks. Apparently this technology is extremely hard to get to work right.

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    6. Re:"Failed" push for renewables? by angel'o'sphere · · Score: 4, Informative

      That was however a complete different beast than today is talked about.
      E.g. it used thorium/uranium filled graphite balls. The way that particular thing worked had many drawbacks, reprocessing e.g. was impossible, the outer layers of the graphite would start to "melt" and got slimy in a way that they stuck together and made control difficult (control rods could not move freely)

      In our days, if people talk about thorium they mean molten slat reactors ... which have different drawbacks.

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    7. Re: "Failed" push for renewables? by MrL0G1C · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Indeed, renewables hasn't failed what-so-ever, installations are growing exponentially whilst the costs of renewables are at the same time plummeting.

      Over 50% of new electrical power generation installations are now renewables, pretty fkking bizarre to call that a failure!!!.

      For example: Renewables = 84% of New Electricity Generation Capacity in 1st Quarter of 2015

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  2. The most fundamental problem is not the cost.. by santax · · Score: 4, Insightful

    It's the waste! They store it underground and tell themselfes that those bunkers will survive at least 200.000 years, wich is utter, utter, utter bullshit. So first we need an actual workable sollution for the waste.

    1. Re: The most fundamental problem is not the cost.. by sycodon · · Score: 4, Insightful

      It's the restrictions.

      Breeder reactors could burn up all that waste.

      --
      When Fascism comes to America, it will call itself Anti-Fascism, and tell you to give up your guns.
    2. Re:The most fundamental problem is not the cost.. by PvtVoid · · Score: 5, Informative
    3. Re: The most fundamental problem is not the cost.. by pepty · · Score: 4, Insightful

      "Both the right's fear of government and the left's fear of technology have jointly stunted our nuclear energy policy,"

      If we ease the regulations for making new reactors, can we also lift the liability cap and force the owners to pool responsibility?

    4. Re: The most fundamental problem is not the cost.. by dcollins117 · · Score: 5, Funny

      This solar panel meme is repeated over and over again by the rabbit anti-technologists but no evidence agrees with their position.

      I think I see what the problem is. You should be getting your technology advice from people, not rabbits.

    5. Re: The most fundamental problem is not the cost.. by Maury+Markowitz · · Score: 4, Informative

      > Breeder reactors could burn up all that waste.

      Breeder reactors could burn up *some* of that waste, which is, I'll admit, an advantage. However, in order to do so they need a core fueled by weapons grade material, and the economics are complete pants. The cost of the fuel for the core is higher than the value of the electricity, so the breeder operates at a loss. That's fine, depending on the value of the waste you transmute, but to date the people who have a say have said "no".

      Here's a paper on a related concept that covers the economic issues:

      http://www.ralphmoir.com/media/tenneyMerged.pdf

      It's mostly on the fission-fusion hybrid, but the equations work for any breeder design, including thorium.

  3. Idiot by AmiMoJo · · Score: 5, Insightful

    This guy is an idiot. Renewables haven't failed, they are rapidly improving and winning against everything else on economic grounds. Nuclear isn't failing because of fear, it's because it isn't economically viable.

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    1. Re:Idiot by ColdWetDog · · Score: 4, Informative

      Renewables are winning against everything on economic grounds... as long as they're *massively* subsidized, yes. And as long as they're backed up with non-renewables that can pick up the slack when renewables can't supply the energy needed from them, which is constantly. But otherwise they're great, yeah.

      Right. And nuclear isn't subsidized?

      --
      Faster! Faster! Faster would be better!
    2. Re:Idiot by dak664 · · Score: 5, Informative

      Melting aluminium is an *ideal* use for unreliable power: the primary cells can run at variable rates or even in reverse to stabilize the grid, or some of the molten product can be staged for running optimized Al air batteries. Germany is already doing this,
      http://www.bloomberg.com/news/...

      From that link, other energy-intensive processes may be suitable, "including those used to manufacture cement, paper, and chemicals. Making chlorine, used to produce paper, plastic, fabric, paint, drugs, and antiseptics, also requires electrolysis."

  4. Waste processing is solvable. by trout007 · · Score: 5, Insightful

    The problem isn't the stuff that lasts 200,000 years. That is pretty low level. Its also not the highly radioactive stuff since it decays quickly. It's the stuff that lasts hundreds of years that is trouble. Luckily we are getting better at nuclear chemistry and our ability to separate the bad from the not bad, or even useful stuff is improving. If we hadn't had such a short sighted policy we would have moved even further.

    --
    I love Jesus, except for his foreign policy.
  5. Tell me where to put the waste by Opportunist · · Score: 4, Insightful

    And who should pay for its safe depositing.

    Nuclear energy is cheap and clean. As long as those reactors are running. I just doubt that the companies that reap the fruits of cheap energy are also willing to deal with the costly time after when there is zero revenue and horrible costs. I.e. what is now being brushed off to the government.

    It's the usual "privatize revenue, socialize cost" spiel. Sorry, but no game. Here's the offer: You have to show that you know where to put the waste and you have to lock down enough money to take care of it for at least a century, then you can build that reactor.

    Deal?

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    We used to have a Bill of Rights. Now, with the rights gone, all we have left is the bill.
  6. I'm more worried about safety by rsilvergun · · Score: 4, Insightful

    in the face of falling profits. The trouble with nuclear is that sooner or later somebody is going to start cutting corners on safety to maximize profit. Look at Fukushima. Completely avoidable, everybody knew about it, still a disaster. And the CEOs responsible have so far got off scott free (can't spill the blood of kings, ya know). Yeah, I know there are more oil & coal deaths per watt, but the damage from nukes lingers in a way that oil/coal doesn't.

    Until it's cheaper to run the plants safely than not, and I mean cheaper in the short run not just the long run, I won't trust nuclear. Until then we're one MBA away from 100 years of elevated cancer risk.

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  7. Re:Can't trust the Idiots who run the energy compa by rudy_wayne · · Score: 4, Insightful

    You can guarantee they will do it wrong thinking it will save them 50 cents this quarter even if it causes a meltdown next quarter. That's next quarters problem.

    Exactly. The problem is not those wacky environmentalists or all those crybabies who don't want nuclear waste buried in their neighborhood. The problem is 50 years of massive cost over-runs, complete lack of proper maintenance, and general greed, corruption and incompetence. Nuclear power is a great idea, but not if it is run by the existing power companies.

  8. I agree in general by globaljustin · · Score: 5, Insightful

    I don't usually flatly agree w/ something Thiel says (he never has grown out of his Ayn Rand phase), but this time I do.

    Wind, solar, all the others...they are awesome and let's keep dumping cash into R&D for those...all of it.

    But also do nuclear.

    We have a long, long way to go before we can power our cities with renewables 100%. Nuclear has been retarded by 4 decades of fear-mongering...nuclear is safe when done correctly. The 3 Mile Island disaster killed no one and displaced only a small ammount of people...it wasn't anything like Chyrnoble.

    It's 40 years later and we can make reactors that are safer by orders of magnitude than the 100s we've been using for decades that have been working perfectly.

    --
    Thank you Dave Raggett
  9. Re: The most fundamental problem is not the cost. by Kvathe · · Score: 4, Informative

    With reprocessing, breeder reactors can theoretically generate no waste at all. In practice they do tend to produce small amounts, but the half-life is on the order of 30-40 years, instead of the 25,000 years stuff we produce now.

  10. Good luck with that by Maury+Markowitz · · Score: 4, Insightful

    "But after years of cost overruns"

    Stop there. This is the #1 reason for the failure of nuclear. The *average* cost overrun was over 2x. Once you factored that in, the cost benefits promised simply disappeared.

    When this happened with the first generation reactors, they said those designs sucked, we know how to fix them, and that will be generation 2. When the exact same thing happened with with the gen 2 reactors, they said those designs sucked, and designed generation 3 reactors. And then we started to build those designs...

    "According to Thiel, a new generation of American nuclear scientists has produced designs for better reactors. Crucially, these new designs may finally overcome the most fundamental obstacle to the success of nuclear power: high cost."

    Yeah, except we're building a couple of these, and they immediately went over budget and continue to do so:

    http://www.utilitydive.com/news/nuclear-industry-darkened-by-delays-cost-overruns-at-vogtle-summer-facil/404418/
    http://uk.reuters.com/article/2015/09/03/edf-nuclear-flamanville-idUKL5N1182LY20150903
    http://www.world-nuclear-news.org/nn-olkiluoto-3-start-up-pushed-back-to-2018-0109147.html

    When faced with problems like these, the "new generation" said those designs sucked, we know how to fix them, and that will be "new nuclear". And those designs exist only on paper, and offer no reasonable explanation while they will break the 50 year cycle of suck.

    The basic problem isn't nuclear, it's big. Big projects go over just as often as little projects, but when they do the magnitude is larger and people notice. A million $1000 cost overruns isn't news, but one $1 billion overrun is, as the articles above note. And, sadly, nuclear needs to be big. Don't believe the hype from the small modular people, the concept is inherently flawed and thats why all the big companies dumped their design efforts and the only people still supporting them are two people and a dog shops.

  11. Re:Make no mistake by westlake · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Nuclear energy's effective demise was not of its own making.

    When you look back at the nuclear plants which proved most costly and trouble prone and what you see are companies that were building beyond their financial resources and technical competence. Nuclear energy's demise was caused by a loss of confidence in the management of nuclear power --- and for that there is no easy technical fix.

  12. Re:Yes by fnj · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Just require that every atomic plant owner makes an insurance, for which you require that they have proper securities.

    Fine; you've loaded the cost onto the ratepayers, which is just about everyone, so that's not unreasonable, but you have also made some low-life parasitic scum in an insurance company rich as lords, which there is no need or excuse to do.

    Let the society as a whole "insure" the plant owners against catastrophes, as they largely do now. Then it's still the same "everyone" paying the cost, but you've eliminated the parasites.

    But I would complete the rationalization. I would make society as a whole the builders and operators of the plants. Then you've eliminated more parasites, and profit motives would never intrude into the operation and create lackadaisical, corner-cutting practices.

    Tell me this hasn't worked wonders for France.

  13. Re:Why not both by angel'o'sphere · · Score: 4, Informative

    Berlin already gets 40% of its energy from renewables, like the rest of germany.
    Or do you mean a Berlin in the states?

    --
    Cost free eBook I read (by iBook/Kobo/Amazon/ObookO/Gutenberg etc.): "The Green Odyssey" by Philip Jose Farmer.