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NASA 'Moving On' From Low-Earth Orbit (arstechnica.com)

An anonymous reader writes: NASA has issued a warning to private space companies: the agency is moving on from its focus on low-Earth orbit. William Gerstenmaier, chief of human spaceflight, said, "We're going to get out of ISS as quickly as we can. Whether it gets filled in by the private sector or not, NASA's vision is we're trying to move out." This leaves a void for the private companies building rockets to supply the ISS. "NASA says it would like to see the private space industry "take over" low-Earth orbit, although it acknowledges that any successor space station or orbiting module will be far smaller than the $140 billion space station, a collaboration between 15 countries. The message from NASA to the US industry is simple: we're serious about the commercialization of low-Earth orbit, we have this marvelous facility available with unique capabilities, and we want you to use the heck out of it."

118 comments

  1. NASA's mission... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0, Troll

    ...to continue to collect money for doing nothing.

    1. Re:NASA's mission... by MightyYar · · Score: 2

      Yeah, those robotic missions to the outer planets probably would just happen on their own.

      --
      W..w..W - Willy Waterloo washes Warren Wiggins who is washing Waldo Woo.
    2. Re:NASA's mission... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      No, the free market will do it, for the obvious profit to be made from pictures of a frozen wasteland.

  2. Not a lot of commercial use cases. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    There really is not much reason for private industry to go to LEO unless it's to support NASA. If NASA vacates, then the only real reason to go there goes along with it. Some will espouse about knowledge, scientific research, exploration, blah blah blah. There's no money to be made there so private industry will not be interested, unless it on the whims of people like Musk or Bezos.

    1. Re:Not a lot of commercial use cases. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      There's also not much of a case for knowledge, science, research, or exploration. You can send balloons or unmanned sounding rockets (Black Brant), like we did 50 years ago.

    2. Re:Not a lot of commercial use cases. by thinkwaitfast · · Score: 1

      There's no money to be made

      and little scientific knowledge to be gained.

    3. Re:Not a lot of commercial use cases. by Iamthecheese · · Score: 1, Interesting

      There really is not much reason for private industry to go to LEO unless it's to support NASA.

      Also zero gravity ball bearings, art, biology research in 30 categories, preparing to exploit asteroids, crystal growth, cosmic rays, satellite deployment, communications research, nanotechnology, metallurgy, geology, and advertising.

      --
      If video games influenced behavior the Pac Man generation would be eating pills and running away from their problems.
    4. Re:Not a lot of commercial use cases. by Rei · · Score: 2

      There's tons of reasons for private industry to go to LEO: satellite launches. Now, as for ISS.... that's a bigger question. If it were low cost to free I imagine Bigelow might have interest in it as a space hotel module; it has a lot of hardware that could be useful even if it's not as roomy as his ultimate plans call for. But Bigelow is still waiting on crewed Dragon and Falcon Heavy. They are planning to use ISS shortly to test a prototype of one of their inflatable modules. So maybe there's someone who'd be willing to keep it stocked and reboosted...

      If nobody is interested and NASA really is keen on abandoning it, I'd hope that they'd launch a final mission to boost it into a high orbit before doing so so that it doesn't reenter any time soon. There's a lot of good hardware up there.

      --
      Nothing says 'welcome to the neighborhood' like a gunny sack full of dead squirrels.
    5. Re:Not a lot of commercial use cases. by fisted · · Score: 1

      I am Slashdot.

      Sorry to hear it.

    6. Re:Not a lot of commercial use cases. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Insightful

      "Also zero gravity ball bearings"

      This particular pile of dung has been repeated since the 1960s. It made no sense then, it makes no sense today. We are already able to make atomically perfect spheres right here on Earth. Oops, so sorry, technology got better and we don't need your antique space dreams.

      "art"

      You're shitting me?

      "biology research in 30 categories"

      See above. Technology gets better, we don't need your space fantasies anymore.

      " preparing to exploit asteroids"

      Beyond delusional.

      "crystal growth"

      May I point out we are perfectly able to not only make atomically perfect speres right here already, but IC fabs are doing just fine, thanks.

      The rest of your list sounds like a Tim & Eric sketch.

      "This is the list of the things I like, IN SPACE!!"

      Your sad devotion to ancient space religions is as tragic as it is hilarious.

    7. Re:Not a lot of commercial use cases. by MachineShedFred · · Score: 1

      I read it as NASA not getting out of the ISS altogether - they're getting out of doing the supply stuff themselves. They want to pass that business along to private, and spend their time doing actual research and exploration.

      --
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    8. Re:Not a lot of commercial use cases. by ClickOnThis · · Score: 1

      You can send balloons or unmanned sounding rockets (Black Brant), like we did 50 years ago.

      Neither of which go to LEO. Not that they aren't useful on their own.

      --
      If it weren't for deadlines, nothing would be late.
    9. Re:Not a lot of commercial use cases. by tsotha · · Score: 1

      If nobody is interested and NASA really is keen on abandoning it, I'd hope that they'd launch a final mission to boost it into a high orbit before doing so so that it doesn't reenter any time soon.

      I'd like to see them actually install the VASIMR module. That would keep it in LEO with minimal effort.

    10. Re:Not a lot of commercial use cases. by Aighearach · · Score: 1

      I read it as NASA not getting out of the ISS altogether - they're getting out of doing the supply stuff themselves.

      So, you didn't read it? That's fine, but lol

      My advice is to read it as what it says; they're getting out of the ISS itself when the time comes, and they're not going to replace it or do anything else like it in LEO. That science has already been done. There are lots of experiments that individual groups of academics would like to see done, but the important science that benefits from LEO is minimal and has been done already. An important experiment can also be sent up in a rocket and run like a satellite. Launch vehicles are commercially available now.

      Important science that is left to be done is mostly things that require going farther out than LEO.

    11. Re:Not a lot of commercial use cases. by CanadianMacFan · · Score: 1

      When did NASA get back into the supply stuff? Since the shuttle was put out to pasture they've been dependant on other countries (and now private companies) to supply the ISS and on Russia to ferry people. Having NASA saying that they are getting out of the supply stuff is like the telephone companies saying they are getting out of the rotary phone business.

    12. Re:Not a lot of commercial use cases. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You're shitting me?

      Yes, yes he is.

    13. Re:Not a lot of commercial use cases. by Coren22 · · Score: 2

      If nobody is interested and NASA really is keen on abandoning it, I'd hope that they'd launch a final mission to boost it into a high orbit before doing so so that it doesn't reenter any time soon. There's a lot of good hardware up there.

      Unfortunately the seals between modules are deteriorating, it won't stay pressurized for much longer, and once depressurized, I am not sure how much of the technology will be useful.

      --
      APK likes to ask for responses to the same things over and over. Maybe he just likes the responses?
    14. Re:Not a lot of commercial use cases. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
    15. Re:Not a lot of commercial use cases. by dryeo · · Score: 1

      Having NASA saying that they are getting out of the supply stuff is like the telephone companies saying they are getting out of the rotary phone business.

      Well considering that the telephone company stays in the rotary phone business so they can add a $3 a month touch dial surcharge, does that mean that NASA is going to keep in the supply stuff forever so they skim money off?

      --
      https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inverted_totalitarianism
    16. Re:Not a lot of commercial use cases. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      At least s/he isn't beta.

    17. Re:Not a lot of commercial use cases. by FirephoxRising · · Score: 1

      When I first read the FA, my first thought was that LEO and a few probes is all that LEO is all they seem to do now!

    18. Re:Not a lot of commercial use cases. by Megane · · Score: 2

      If ISS ever gets VASIMR installed, it shouldn't need boost missions.

      --
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    19. Re: Not a lot of commercial use cases. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Really, you are a real blow hard, so back up what you claim. Give links to prove it. At this time, you amightywind, are just being a regular asshole

    20. Re:Not a lot of commercial use cases. by Rei · · Score: 1

      Do you have a source on this that I could read?

      --
      Nothing says 'welcome to the neighborhood' like a gunny sack full of dead squirrels.
    21. Re:Not a lot of commercial use cases. by Coren22 · · Score: 1

      I know I heard this somewhere, but now I can't find anything about it. Supposedly, the limiting factor on the ISS for longevity is the seals between the modules. When those start deteriorating, the station is pretty much over as they can't be replaced in space without depressurizing that section of the station to replace the o-rings.

      Now I can't find where I read about this, I seem to remember it being around the conversation about extending the lifetime past the Russian's selected deadline.

      --
      APK likes to ask for responses to the same things over and over. Maybe he just likes the responses?
    22. Re:Not a lot of commercial use cases. by Rei · · Score: 1

      I searched and didn't find anything talking about them currently degrading.

      Clearly ISS's lifespan isn't unlimited. But they're also clearly not in "constant desperate patch" mode like Mir was in near the end of its days. There seems to still be plenty of life left in it. At the very least it could be cannibalized - I mean, to pick one example among thousands, 110kW of solar panels in LEO is no trivial thing.

      ISS really isn't a bad station. It's no luxury hotel but it's a pretty capable facility - all questions of whether it was worth the expense aside. Now that it's there it'd be a shame to just let it deorbit like Skylab. If Bigelow's concepts actually work out and such a "space hotel" comes to fruition I could easily envision ISS as sort of a service wing / rentable research space (the Cupola module would probably also be popular among tourists). NASA could probably justify giving away such a massively expensive facility by means of a contract that Bigelow bears responsibility for all ongoing costs and NASA retains the right to conduct experiments aboard ISS at no cost, or something of that nature - "see, everybody wins!"

      If Bigelow's plans don't work out there still might be others in the future, or other NASA missions that could benefit from cannibalizing the station. So again, I really hope it's reboosted (I wouldn't put all my eggs in the VASIMR basket, but that is another possibility... although it should be added that while VASIMR is very efficient, it's not fuelless, so they'll still need to give it a sizeable fuel stock and put ISS into a high parking orbit to minimize losses). Its day will some day come, but I see no reason to think that that day is just around the corner... unless people willingly make it so.

      --
      Nothing says 'welcome to the neighborhood' like a gunny sack full of dead squirrels.
    23. Re: Not a lot of commercial use cases. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      No, no. Its all ball bearings these days

    24. Re:Not a lot of commercial use cases. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      That would require common sense. and a working VASIMR engine. .

    25. Re:Not a lot of commercial use cases. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Not true. Low earth orbit is great for small upward- and downward- looking observatories. NASA's Explorer program has a tremendous demand backed by highly compelling science cases.

    26. Re:Not a lot of commercial use cases. by CanadianMacFan · · Score: 1

      In Ontario you haven't been able to get a rotary phone line for ages. They only let you keep it and if you move you have to give up the line and move to touch tone. In fact they used to charge you an extra $3 a month for the touch tone line. Don't know if that's true any more since I got rid of my land line a few years ago.

    27. Re:Not a lot of commercial use cases. by dryeo · · Score: 1

      To be honest, it's the same in BC, though that charge was there for way too long.

      --
      https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inverted_totalitarianism
  3. What for? by JaredOfEuropa · · Score: 4, Interesting

    It's a nice idea: commercial space exploration. But what are commercial, for-profit companies supposed to do in LEO? Space tourism, maybe some very specific R&D that requires freefall, but other than that?

    --
    If construction was anything like programming, an incorrectly fitted lock would bring down the entire building...
    1. Re:What for? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2

      Um, communications infrastructure?

      Radio astronomy?

      Surveillance?

      It's ALREADY a multi-billion dollar industry.

    2. Re:What for? by JaredOfEuropa · · Score: 2

      That's satellites. What are they going to do on the space station?

      --
      If construction was anything like programming, an incorrectly fitted lock would bring down the entire building...
    3. Re:What for? by slack_justyb · · Score: 2

      To quote someone at some point, "It's not about what we can think of now, but what someone down the line will think up of later." But that aside, I can think of a few, though I can't specifically speak about the marketability of these.

      LEO could be a staging point or a point of operation for energy production. Solar panels in space do collect more energy than those on Earth. The caveat being transmission from LEO or higher to ground.

      Communications and all that fun jazz come to mind as well. While LEO may just be the staging point in global communications, cheap and less government entangled LEO could be the impetus to drive this industry. It's kind of a hit or miss, I won't lie. But companies seem to be all gung-ho when there is less red-tape involved.

      Tourism as you pointed out. Let us not forget the almighty power of tourism.

      Trash collection, if you can make a market out of it... Let's face it trash in space is a literal mess. Imagine some young hipster type pitching the idea of LEO clean up. Few might bite, but it still could generate some cash for someone.

      Going out further. LEO could become a pretty busy place if it's a little more well kept and there are several services for getting your payload up there. That could include anyone wanting to build a company on go outside of LEO (those folks that want to mine the asteroid belt, come to mind).

      However, I'll say that it is a bit hard to think of what value opening up LEO for the public would provide. But I would argue that the value is most definitely a non-zero value. So I hope my spattering of ideas provides some level of creativity but I'd side with you on the big shoulder shrug on what *exactly* it could provide.

    4. Re:What for? by thinkwaitfast · · Score: 1

      Fiber optics are better for communication.

    5. Re:What for? by thinkwaitfast · · Score: 4, Informative

      collect more energy than those on Earth

      They collect (1366/1006)*(24/6) times more energy (5.46x). To be economically viable, hey can't be more than 5.46x more than ground based systems that are currently under $1/watt, so you have to put a system in place for about $4-5wp. Good luck.

    6. Re:What for? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      It's a nice idea: commercial space exploration. But what are commercial, for-profit companies supposed to do in LEO? Space tourism, maybe some very specific R&D that requires freefall, but other than that?

      I think the answer is in your tag line... zero G brothel!

    7. Re:What for? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Fiber optics are better for communication.

      Depends on the use case. If you are talking about mobile communications in poor or sparsely populated areas (ie 80% or 90% of the surface area of the planet), then nobody is going to be laying fiber. Also, satellites are better than fiber for broadcast.

    8. Re:What for? by Rei · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Sun-tracking systems can get higher capacity factors than 25%, you're being pessimistic with your earth figures and optimistic with your space figures ;)

      --
      Nothing says 'welcome to the neighborhood' like a gunny sack full of dead squirrels.
    9. Re:What for? by rraylion · · Score: 2

      Energy production should not take place in LEO -- reason being is that you move too fast in LEO to send energy anywhere consistently. if you were going to put say solar collectors in space you need to go all the way up to geo sync orbit so that you can hit a ground station receiver all the time.

    10. Re:What for? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Um, what does that have to do with sending people to 400 kilometers? This is the 1940s vision of satellites, a kind of orbiting ham radio shack with people regularly going up to swap out the burnt vacuum tubes.

      "Radio astronomy?"

      Um, done right here. Remember, technology gets better, we don't need your antique space visions when we can get all the gain and cheap information processing we need, right here?

      "Surveillance?"

      Nice goal.

      "It's ALREADY a multi-billion dollar industry."

      Sure, and do yuo see it getting any bigger?

    11. Re:What for? by Nidi62 · · Score: 4, Interesting

      What about using LEO as a jumping off/assembly point? Obviously a lot of companies are interested in exploiting possible resources in space. By using a structure in LEO, couldn't you maximize efficiency by pre-launching supplies and materials in a way that maximizes payloads and reduces the number of launches necessary? Take the ISS and modify it to store consumables such as food, water, and fuel, and then send up any vehicles in stages for assembly and stocking in orbit. A small crew stationed on the ISS can assemble everything, then either use them to man the mission or send up a final flight with crew and any last minute cargo (experiments, low stock items or perishables, any needed spare parts, etc). Obviously I am not well versed on the economy of space launches, but it stands to reason that there a point where the ratio between cost and mass is most efficient, and this would allow you to harness that efficiency.

      --
      The only thing necessary for evil to triumph is for it to be pitted against a slightly greater evil
    12. Re:What for? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Sorry but that's enough putting words in my mouth don't you think? Do you see the flaw in your arguments?

      I didn't say anything about the ISS. The topic is "low earth orbit".

      And no, I don't particularly seeing the industry getting bigger.

    13. Re:What for? by mrchaotica · · Score: 2

      Nah, LEO is better because then it can give the Earth lovely cross-hatched grill marks!

      --

      "[Regarding the 'cloud,'] ownership was what made America different than Russia." -- Woz

    14. Re:What for? by bitingduck · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Fiber isn't that useful on a boat in the middle of the ocean.

    15. Re:What for? by Aighearach · · Score: 1

      They're not talking about commercial exploration they're talking about commercial exploitation of the ISS, and the construction of anything similar to replace it.

      From the article:

      "We’re going to get out of ISS as quickly as we can,” said William Gerstenmaier, NASA’s chief of human spaceflight, last week. “Whether it gets filled in by the private sector or not, NASA’s vision is we’re trying to move out."

      So it isn't really that they have some sort of plan that there is some important activity for commercial companies. That is clearly up to them to figure out. NASA is being supportive and communicative, and that is all. I think the real point is that there a bunch of companies clamoring for increased commercial access, and NASA is happy to oblige and coordinate with them, but NASA doesn't actually see anything left to do in LEO and isn't going to invest in that anymore. They're actually skeptical that there is a commercial reason, which is why it is phrased as, "Whether it gets filled in by the private sector or not."

      And they want companies to think about buying the ISS because anybody at NASA would rather see it sold than scuttled, when the time comes. And it would take a lot of planning to put together the financing, so it isn't going to be a last minute purchase.

    16. Re:What for? by bluefoxlucid · · Score: 1

      That's inherently an economics question.

      We have to find a cheaper way to get into space--"cheaper" meaning "less human labor". In the beginning of time, hunter-gatherers spent 20 hours per person per week just acquiring food; now, 2% of the US population is agricultural workers, half our products are non-food, half our food gets exported, and we spend 27 labor-hours per person per YEAR producing food. The rest of the time? We build space ships and smart phones.

      People don't like labor theories of value because they associate them with socialism and Karl Marx, with old economics, with all kinds of broken theory; I've moved past theories of value into theories of wealth: why are we *capable* of doing what we do? I'm less interested in "how much should a pound of rice cost?" than "why are some people not able to afford a pound of rice?" or "why are we able to buy flying cars now, when before we had to struggle to buy just a pound of rice?"

      So extreme simplifications.

      It's bluntly obvious that you can only make what you can make. Tautology.

      That is to say: if you have 40 hours of work per person available to you, and you have 100 laborers, and it takes you 4,000 hours per week to supply food... you're going to have a society of naked savages eating crappy food. Figure a way to make food in 1/10 the time and you have 3,600 hours per week to do something else. It takes 3,600 hours to make clothes? You have clothed savages eating crappy food. Wash, rinse, repeat.

      That's technology: the development of new techniques to do things with less labor time.

      From an economic perspective, each time you reduce the amount of labor to produce a good, you reduce its cost. Cost is the labor cost in total, including all input costs (coal? You have to mine coal, which means humans have to operate a coal mine, which is labor time), excluding all profits. Price is the market price. Negotiating a big steel deal? The whole production line gets packed with negotiation for enormous bulk purchases, and so your suppliers compete to secure 10-year contracts for a hundred million tonnes of steel or coal each year, and they slash their profit margins down to 1% and they still make billions of dollars more in profit than they would if you went to a competitor. That's why we only account for labor cost as costs: anything that threatens your ability to sell a product for $LABOR + $PROFIT pressures you to reduce $PROFIT; if you could reduce $LABOR you would do so. Cost is the minimum price.

      That means you create a small amount of unemployment, drop product costs, lower prices, leave money in consumer hands (concentration of buying power: the unemployed's buying power moves to the still-employed), and then can create new products and thus employ new labor (creation of buying power: new products which can be sold to derive income from the unspent income in the consumer pocket), creating more buying power per person and thus more wealth.

      Carry that out.

      Space industry costs so much because there is a lot of human labor time involved. That human labor time carries a high labor price ($100/hr laborers instead of $4/hr), sure, but it's a *lot* of human labor time involved. You can't fix this just by paying all the space engineers minimum wage--assuming they work for that. You'd still have minimum wage engineers and construction workers and mechanics and managers investing enormous amounts of labor time into space industry, meaning the consumer of space industry products must pay all those wages, and so those products cost millions of dollars.

      We can commercialize space when the consumers of the product are both capable of purchasing it and interested in purchasing it. That means we have to develop the technology to a point that achieving useful goals (to the consumer--business or individual) costs little enough that someone buys the products.

      A bunch of obvious stuff, and not very organized here. I have a highly-organized, carefully-pruned view of

    17. Re:What for? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Then please provide words from your mouth about how "low earth orbit" will help radio astronomy? How? Who will pay for it? Why?

    18. Re:What for? by Coren22 · · Score: 1

      It wouldn't work too well, since apparently men can't get it up in space.

      --
      APK likes to ask for responses to the same things over and over. Maybe he just likes the responses?
    19. Re:What for? by thinkwaitfast · · Score: 2

      you're being pessimistic with your earth figures and optimistic with your space figures

      Yes I was being conservative and it still shows that space solar is not economically competitive with ground based.

      That aside, Sun-tracking systems are not economically competitive with fixed mounts. Theoretical maximum increase by 41% has to be less expensive than adding 41% more panels. Not even close.

    20. Re:What for? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Because it already does? And it is? Who's paying you to act like such a butt-troll?

      You picked a fight by claiming I was talking about human exploration of the ISS, when in fact I was only referring to the commercialization of LEO spaceflight in general.

      Take that straw man and kindly insert it up your anus, then don't bother coming back to this post because it's already done nothing but make everyone dumber.

    21. Re:What for? by BlackPignouf · · Score: 1

      The added bonus with 2-axis tracking systems is that you can use concentrated photovoltaics. You use a combination of cheap fresnel lenses with extremely efficient cells. Those cells are very expensive per m2, but you only need a few mm2 because of the 500x concentration factor. And it can become cost-effective in sunny places such as Arizona, Spain and Israel.
      http://www.soitec.com/en/techn...

    22. Re:What for? by BlackPignouf · · Score: 1

      With accurate tracking systems and concentrated photovoltaics, you're talking about a factor 500 reduction in cell size:
      http://www.soitec.com/en/techn...

    23. Re:What for? by modi123 · · Score: 1

      Prisons.. Supermax space prisons sound like a hoot.

      Hollywood reenactment tours of Airplane 2...

    24. Re:What for? by dotancohen · · Score: 1

      Fiber isn't that useful on a boat in the middle of the ocean.

      Propulsion.

      Oh, I thought that you were talking about that other fiber.

      --
      It is dangerous to be right when the government is wrong.
    25. Re:What for? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      This would be a excellent idea, but thanks to the CLINTON administration wanting to play nice with the Russians, we put ISS in the wrong orbit. The space station is in a steeply inclined orbit because that was the price of partnering with the Russians and their R7 boosters out of baikonur cosmodrome.

    26. Re:What for? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      We should have subsidized construction of a Russian launch base further south in a Russophile country. Or a seagoing platform. Cuba would have been a good spot. Syria, not so much.

    27. Re:What for? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      It was good politics at the time. And that is what has always driven manned spaceflight.

    28. Re:What for? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Ok. Lesbian zero-G brothel.

    29. Re:What for? by Pseudonym · · Score: 1

      Prisons.. Supermax space prisons sound like a hoot.

      Yeah, we could put our criminally insane evil genius supervillans there. What could possibly go wrong?

      --
      sub f{($f)=@_;print"$f(q{$f});";}f(q{sub f{($f)=@_;print"$f(q{$f});";}f});
    30. Re:What for? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      But Earth based systems cannot be easily repurposed for targeted thermal energy delivery, that kind of system can be rented out for substantial premiums.

    31. Re:What for? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      On the contrary, you'll need some streaming or games to keep you sane.

    32. Re:What for? by Rei · · Score: 1

      Sun tracking is dominant in commercial solar power. First off, photovoltaics aren't dominant in commercial solar power, solar thermal is, wherein tracking is essential. But even on commercial PV plants, tracking is used more often than not.

      For homeowners, no, sun tracking is rarely economical.

      --
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  4. The message is garbled. by xxxJonBoyxxx · · Score: 2

    >> NASA...acknowledges that any successor space station or orbiting module will be far smaller than the $140 billion space station...message from NASA to the US industry is simple: ...we have this marvelous facility available with unique capabilities, and we want you to use the heck out of it."

    So...are you selling off taxpayers' $140B investment for pennies on the dollar or are you going to deorbit the existing spacestation and prod private industry to replace it when it's gone?

    1. Re:The message is garbled. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      >> NASA...acknowledges that any successor space station or orbiting module will be far smaller than the $140 billion space station...message from NASA to the US industry is simple: ...we have this marvelous facility available with unique capabilities, and we want you to use the heck out of it."

      So...are you selling off taxpayers' $140B investment for pennies on the dollar or are you going to deorbit the existing spacestation and prod private industry to replace it when it's gone?

      Yes, it is unclear, my assumption was always that they would find some ongoing use for it and wouldn't just de-orbit the whole thing. But if they want proposals then NASA/International partners should be readying a clear RFP if they want private groups to put forward proposals to continue to utilize the space station, including existing modules.. Considering the complications of multiple nation states owning modules and having a stake I think more realistically they should set up a new international organization to run the space station and have that organization go out and market the station for continued use or even expansion. Otherwise it does seem a waste.

    2. Re:The message is garbled. by CanadianMacFan · · Score: 2

      By 2024 the first modules of the ISS will be closing in to their expected end of life. While they won't immediately fail it does mean that the chances of seals or equipment failing start to rise past acceptable tolerances.

      I would like to see replacement modules created and sent up. Any salvageable equipment from the old module should be saved and installed in the new module to help reduce costs (mostly those to lift it to orbit). However it seems unlikely to happen as budgets are small and interests from all space agencies are on other goals.

    3. Re:The message is garbled. by k6mfw · · Score: 2

      Shortly after orbiter Columbia crashed in 2003, (story I heard) Paul Shawcross and others at NASA HQ pushed proposal to not return Shuttle to flight, de-orbit the space station, cut NASA budget in half, and focus remaining NASA to develop new technology (i.e. put a end to HSF as program was not developing anything new). Obviously that didn't happen. But wait, NASA was in same situation in 1969/1970/1971 when looking for "the next big thing" after Apollo. Space budgets were being slashed, proposed Mars mission, lunar base, and space station was removed from any planning. Top men at NASA were trying to come up with a shuttle design that OMB will approve its budget (Dale Myers said in a lecture at MIT in 2005), it looked like manned space flight for US will end after Skylab as even Apollo/Soyuz was not approved. Finally Shuttle was approved as it was election year and Nixon needed electoral votes from Calif and Florida (aerospace industries took a heavy beating and lots of layoffs). President told OMB to approve Shuttle. I sometimes wonder what if things turned out otherwise.

      --
      mfwright@batnet.com
    4. Re:The message is garbled. by crunchygranola · · Score: 2

      The fix was in for the Space Shuttle. It was intended from the beginning to be a military program, but operating under the cover (and appropriating the budget) of the civilian space program. The payload specs (weight, bay size), the whole winged flight thing (turning it into a deadly dangerous system for the crew), the overall system specs to make it capable of a polar launch from Vandenburg (never used), all of these were military requirements, not driven by any civilian needs.

      All that stuff about cutting launch costs by having a system that could launch once a week? The original claimed development schedule and budget (both greatly exceeded)? How could the engineers have been so wrong?

      They weren't wrong. The shuttle capabilities, budget and schedule all met the real, secret, objectives. All the other stuff were made up cover stories to maintain Congressional support.

      There was no way the shuttle was not going to get approved. The military got what the military wanted. In the end, for all that 200 billion in program costs, they only used it 11 times.

      --
      Second class citizen of the New Gilded Age
    5. Re:The message is garbled. by k6mfw · · Score: 2

      ah yes, the big wings for 1500 mile cross track ability (or whatever term) for single orbit from Vandenberg, deploy satellite and land. Or better yet, grab a Soviet "bird." But when Challenger blew up and Titan down for the count, Space Command was in a bind with no way to put up a recon satellite. Whatever the case may be, those orbiters sure looked cool in space, and with those big windows! Actually engineers were not "wrong" it was overall management had to oversell the program which has always been the case. I believe exception was Apollo program when James Webb took the estimates of $12B and doubled it with a little padding.

      --
      mfwright@batnet.com
    6. Re:The message is garbled. by Rei · · Score: 2

      It's interesting to look at why they were planning on such a big launch rate. NASA's operating assumptions were on the continuation of Apollo-era budgets. They were envisioning first reboosting, refursbishing, and expanding Skylab, then two new huge projects coming online: a permanent moon base, with rotating crews, and a huge, 50-man orbital space base, with the Shuttle in its proposed "space bus" configuration wherein the cargo bay would be converted to a people carrier, like a space jetliner. There would have been constant needs to ferry crew, supplies and huge numbers of modules and boosters for each of these projects

      As soon as the budgets came crashing back to Earth (in part due to the Vietnam War, although it really was inevitable), the Shuttle concept was pretty much doomed. Even if everything technologically had worked out as hoped (unlike all of the difficulties that it actually faced), the combination of significantly reduced development budgets (meaning far less "flyback", having to take the USAF design compromises, and higher-maintenance design elements (for example, aluminum frame instead of titanium, meaning you have to be far better at getting rid of heat, meaning sensitive tiles)) and significantly reduced launch rates made it clear it was never going to be a cost-effective system. The original concept really wasn't bad. The Soviets felt it was an important enough of a system that they felt the need to copycat with Buran it so that the US wouldn't have a system that they didn't. But ultimately the assumptions that led to its construction were not to live up to reality.

      --
      Nothing says 'welcome to the neighborhood' like a gunny sack full of dead squirrels.
  5. Interesting implications for diplomacy by Bovius · · Score: 2

    The USA's continued cooperation with Russia on the ISS mission has been one of the many things that keeps me assured that we're not going to just completely devolve into war, because nobody wants to come to blows over that particular asset. And now we're trying to get out of ISS involvement "as quickly as we can."

    Wow.

    1. Re:Interesting implications for diplomacy by k6mfw · · Score: 2

      I second your feelings on this. ISS has been a huge Peace Dividend. I wonder when in 1990s when we had an air war in Kosovo which also relations with Russia significantly deteriorated but we never got into a shooting war with them (all this was in same area of their former Warsaw Pact allies), maybe it was ISS program that prevented Kosovo spreading beyond like in WWI.

      --
      mfwright@batnet.com
    2. Re:Interesting implications for diplomacy by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      No. It's that Russia has Nukes.

      Neither the US nor Russia will do anything that might provoke a nuclear response from the other.

    3. Re:Interesting implications for diplomacy by dotancohen · · Score: 1

      The USA's continued cooperation with Russia on the ISS mission has been one of the many things that keeps me assured that we're not going to just completely devolve into war, because nobody wants to come to blows over that particular asset. And now we're trying to get out of ISS involvement "as quickly as we can."

      Cooperation with Russia on the ISS is quickly being replaced by confrontation with Russia on ISIS.

      --
      It is dangerous to be right when the government is wrong.
  6. Re:How about moving from corporate welfare... by GLMDesigns · · Score: 2

    What is the difference between legitimate government expense and corporate welfare to you?

    And - don't corporations sell food? So isn't feeding children corporate welfare? Or is corporate welfare just a slogan you fling out when you disagree with the expenditure?

    --
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    Vote 3rd Party in 2016 and beyond
  7. ISS has been a waste of time by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    NASA has been a wreck ever since the destructive leftist, Obama assumed office. His first act was to kill Project Constellation, which would have gotten us back to the moon. Inevitably his successor (Lord hope it is The Donald) will reestablish the moon as a goal with the SLS rocket.

    1. Re:ISS has been a waste of time by Nidi62 · · Score: 1

      Inevitably his successor (Lord hope it is The Donald) will reestablish the moon as a goal with the SLS rocket.

      I can see it now: Come stay at the Trump Presidential Lunar Resort!

      Or better yet, can we do kind of like what they did in Forever War, and just send Trump and all his supporters to colonize the moon?

      --
      The only thing necessary for evil to triumph is for it to be pitted against a slightly greater evil
    2. Re:ISS has been a waste of time by Zak3056 · · Score: 1

      You want to give TRUMP the ability to easily drop large objects down our gravity well? Are you insane?

      --
      What part of "shall not be infringed" is so hard to understand?
    3. Re: ISS has been a waste of time by Redbehrend · · Score: 2

      As someone that has worked with NASA and JPL I can tell you they are not very effective and need the reconstruction. It takes forever for anything to get done lol BTW did you see the about 10 times before Obama where they needed money and almost went under. Yea... I love NASA I just feel they need to stop being stubborn and evolve. The fact the private sector is moving at least three times as fast shows that.

    4. Re:ISS has been a waste of time by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Please describe these large objects, where they come from, how'd they'd be moved around, and why you think these things will just "drop"? Too many cartoons, I guess.

      If you could do all these things, why bother?

    5. Re:ISS has been a waste of time by Zak3056 · · Score: 1

      Too many cartoons, I guess.

      Too much Heinlein.

      --
      What part of "shall not be infringed" is so hard to understand?
  8. Re:How about moving from corporate welfare... by Pascoea · · Score: 1

    What is the difference between legitimate government expense and corporate welfare to you?

    Isn't it obvious? Anything that doesn't fit into a narrow preconceived world view is clearly corporate welfare.

  9. Re:How about moving from corporate welfare... by thinkwaitfast · · Score: 2

    Like farm subsidies?

  10. Fantastic! by cyn1c77 · · Score: 5, Interesting

    This is actually great news for many who were pro-space exploration.

    After their wildly successful lunar missions, NASA got stuck in LEO decades ago and has never been able to escape. It's continuously drained all of their money and talent into stationkeeping for the US military and corporations and eliminated the possibility of human exploration in space.

    Ultimately, I think this is just gamesmanship. The government won't let NASA completely abandon LEO, it's really a strategic asset. However, they may have to cough up more funding or split the agency to support both LEO efforts and actual space exploration. That is likely what NASA wants.

    1. Re:Fantastic! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Can you explain what 'space exploration' means? We have telescopes right here. How does sending a person in a tin can to LEO help at all?

    2. Re:Fantastic! by tsotha · · Score: 1

      It's continuously drained all of their money and talent into stationkeeping for the US military and corporations and eliminated the possibility of human exploration in space.

      How were they stationkeeping for corporations and the military? NASA can't do anything without corporations, so whatever it did the corporations would have made money. And the military? The military wants nothing to do with NASA, for the most part. From their perspective it's just a big money pit.

    3. Re:Fantastic! by jimtheowl · · Score: 1

      Experiencing the world first hand does mean something. To say that telescopes are sufficient for exploration is just silly. Studying people in LEO can help, but whether NASA always picks the right experiments is another discussion.

    4. Re:Fantastic! by thinkwaitfast · · Score: 1

      What are the right experiments?

    5. Re:Fantastic! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      That's a pretty personal question, I don't think any can answer that but yourself

    6. Re:Fantastic! by jimtheowl · · Score: 1

      I'm not claiming to know better than NASA but I can speculate for the sake of discussion.

      I have doubts about the usefulness of comparing how low gravity affects one of two twins. I suspect that a complex organism is hardly a good baseline for another complex organism. The results are likely going to be more of the same,

      I can speculate how they could have used the station as a platform to get further away from the earth - indeed why not launch fuel instead of another astronaut + resupplies and attempt to put part of the station around the moon or in solar orbit (unmanned) instead of burning it in re-entry? That could give us long term data about how a living habitat stands up to a harsher environment than LEO.

      Indeed, I don't think the station was ever used for spaceship assembly except for the station itself. They should have done it for the experience alone.

  11. Nobody goes there anymore - It's too crowded by retroworks · · Score: 1

    http://www.windows2universe.org/kids_space/sat.html

    http://www.universetoday.com/42198/how-many-satellites-in-space/

    --
    Gently reply
  12. Re:Collecting Money Is For Cows by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

    Did you hear about the group of cows that NASA wanted to send into low earth orbit?

    It was the herd shot round the world.

  13. Re:How about moving from corporate welfare... by MachineShedFred · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Yeah, because absolutely no good has come from NASA, ever. Absolutely no materials science or technology that allows for more efficient food production to "feed the children". Definitely not things like weather satellites or GPS - those are complete boondoggles that have absolutely no effect on modern agriculture.

    People like you would still have us using oxen to plow fields, and then bitch that so many still go hungry.

    --
    Slashdot still doesnâ(TM)t support Unicode after it was added to the HTML standard in 1997.
  14. private enterprise? by k6mfw · · Score: 1

    Well let's see if NASA abandons ISS will Russians or Europeans take control of it? There is Japan as they have an awesome module on ISS and they are very capable. Then there is the new spacers, let's see if they can maintain this facility. Several "Ayd Rand in Space" people have been saying for years they can do it better and cheaper without govt funds...

    --
    mfwright@batnet.com
    1. Re:private enterprise? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      I don't believe for one minute there is enough private sector space activity to take more than a tiny corner of the ISS. You could take the entire combined and sustained space footprint of SpaceX, Orbital Sciences, ULA, Armadillo, Blue Origin, and throw in Virgin Galactic for good measure.

      Where is the demand for these companies to remain in space or have a permanent presence? Even if they were to scale up quickly, they don't really have business models based upon going to and staying at an orbital platform. At best they are set up like a bus company; visit briefly and then move on.

    2. Re: private enterprise? by WindBourne · · Score: 1

      Private space will almost certainly not do the iss. Too much politics, and BS. Instead, bigelow will likely launch in 2 more years. One area that I would love to see NASA do a cots program for, is bathrooms ( I.e. toilet AND showers ), and kitchen. It would be useful to see something similar to what Skylab had for a shower.

      --
      I prefer the "u" in honour as it seems to be missing these days.
    3. Re:private enterprise? by lucien86 · · Score: 1

      The Walt Disney space station. He wanted to do it but would have bankrupted Disney before he got even one piece in orbit. That was back in the 1950's and space is a lot cheaper now. A lot cheaper is still enough to bankrupt anything but the biggest corporations, and even them it still frightens them.. Let alone that the technologies that can really make large scale space tech cheap enough to be commercially viable - almost all basically require or start with nuclear rockets.

      --
      Below the speed of light Special Relativity is one of the most accurate theories in physics - above the speed of light..
  15. Re:Collecting Money Is For Cows by ITRambo · · Score: 1

    All right. This one's pretty good.

  16. Actually this is a good idea. by CaptnCrud · · Score: 3, Interesting

    The less red tape needed to just use the thing the more use it will get. Part of the reason the ISS is so ridiculously over budgets is because of all the BS redundancy and BS "safe" tech high-pork approach (as in, scared to use fancy new things like "kevlar" and "carbon fiber", or scary words like "inflatables"....but lets keep using laptops from 15 years ago because they are COTS approved.).

    As someone who used to work there, all I can say is NASA is often NASA's worst enemy....budget issues aside.

  17. More than Fantastic! by nucrash · · Score: 2

    Various experiments have taught us what the effects of micro gravity on humans as well as several other species. Just this year, we have started to grow and consume food in space. We are trying to get more species up there and for longer iterations. These studies allow us to extrapolate what potential long term effects of micro gravity will have as we try to explore other planets and asteroids. I look forward to continued experimentation and exploration.

    --
    Place something witty here
  18. good point by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Originally, I was thinking it was a bad idea to throw away this expensive space station, but now that you mention it, there is a silver lining. NASA will have done its highest priority research by then. China will have a small space station up by then. The ISS can be treated as something, that can be allowed to fail. Corners can the be cut on maintenance and operations. The ISS can be put in a lower orbit.

  19. IOW:You cut the corners that kill people, not us. by sethstorm · · Score: 1

    I wonder how much the current purveyors of unaccountable, opaquely financed, space junk (such as SpaceX) bribed them to say that.

    No thank you, but NASA would do well to return to high-quality space travel, no matter the distance. They'd also do well to return back to at least the 1980's with a more Shuttle-like (and not Apollo-like) design.

    --
    Twitter supports and protects racists - by smearing their critics with the "Hate Speech" label.
  20. Re:Collecting Money Is For Cows by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Did you hear about the group of cows that NASA wanted to send into low earth orbit?

    It was the herd shot round the world.

    LOL..... Time to MOOOOOve on...

  21. Re:Please stop this is stupid. by Pseudonym · · Score: 1

    It was funny when the Meow Meow Army did it. That was 20 years ago.

    --
    sub f{($f)=@_;print"$f(q{$f});";}f(q{sub f{($f)=@_;print"$f(q{$f});";}f});
  22. Not Moving on Until September 2024! by Irate+Engineer · · Score: 3, Informative

    The recent Commercial Space Bill mandates that NASA maintains the ISS as a "viable and productive facility capable of potential U.S. utilization through at least 30 September 2024".

    Moving on is hard to do sometimes.

    --

    Left MS Windows for Linux Mint and never looked back!

    Vote for Bernie in 2016!

  23. Billion Dollar Challenge! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Private industry needs to build a wheel space station with artificial gravity so that people can work in space in 0 g or stay up there for extended periods by being in the 1 g spinning part. So much money could be made and this overcomes 90% of the problems that makes the ISS so impractical and expensive that it takes 20 nations to build and maintain it.

    Build the wheel!

  24. successor space station ... will be far smaller... by tlambert · · Score: 1

    successor space station ... will be far smaller...

    Because NASA plans to piss in the punch bowl by deorbiting the thing, instead of letting someone else have it?

    Why wouldn't a "successor space station" be exactly the same size, because it's the same station, only new and improved, with all the NASA cleaned out of it?

    Seems a little asshole-y, given that they didn't pay for the whole thing, and didn't even orbit all of the modules.

    And if they end up with squatters? Guess what: develop an orbital capability of your own and fly up and post an eviction notice, but if you are going to abandon the property, don't expect it to stay vacant, just because you happen to be the bank that holds the mortgage, and want to keep other people from using the thing because they won't pay you enough rent.

  25. You guys are looking at it wrong by WindBourne · · Score: 1

    Space based power DOES have a use. The first should be about supplying power to the DOD along with power to disaster areas. In FOB in Afghanistan, it cost America $200-400 PER GALLON of DIESEL. Most of that went to providing electricity. If we can beam down energy to a relatively small receptor , then the DOD will gladly buy the energy. Likewise, if a drone can be put at say 10-60k feet, receive power and then dish it out to various area with small receptors ( I.e. dish TV size ) , then this will work for the DOD as well as disaster area. Beyond that, the economics is not there for earth. However, said system would then work for the moon and/or mars, well, now you have a winner.

    --
    I prefer the "u" in honour as it seems to be missing these days.
  26. Re: successor space station ... will be far smalle by WindBourne · · Score: 1

    Actually, Bigelow will be bigger than ISS with only 3 launches. So, do not fret.

    --
    I prefer the "u" in honour as it seems to be missing these days.
  27. holding on by Yanglish · · Score: 1

    Sometimes moving on can be hard and hurts, but holding on to something that can never be is even harder and hurtful.

    --
    Success is the sum of small efforts - repeated day in and day out.
  28. Re:How about moving from corporate welfare... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    You're giving credit to NASA to which they are not due. GPS was a DoD project.

    Who built GPS? The Naval Research Lab, the USAF, Aerospace Corp, and Rockwell International.

    Who didn't build GPS? NASA.