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Sony Creating Sulfur-Based Batteries With 40% More Capacity Than Li-Ion (hothardware.com)

MojoKid writes: Since the original iPhone was released in 2007, we have seen some incredible advances in smartphone processing power along with a wealth of feature improvements like faster Wi-Fi and cellular speeds and larger, higher resolution displays. However, battery technology, for the most part, hasn't kept up. There are a few major battery suppliers but Sony is currently an underdog, commanding just 8 percent of the market for compact lithium-ion batteries. Its three largest competitors — Samsung (SDI), Panasonic and LG Chem — each command around 20 percent of the market. In an effort to change that, Sony is developing a new type of battery chemistry that can boost runtimes by 40 percent compared to lithium-ion batteries of the same volume. Sony's batteries use a sulfur compound instead of lithium compounds for the positive electrodes, reportedly allowing for much great energy density. Sulfur batteries can also supposedly be made 30 percent smaller than traditional lithium-ion cells while maintaining the same run times. The company is now working to ensure that the new battery chemistry is safe enough for commercial use.

33 of 151 comments (clear)

  1. "Supposedly"?! by Radical+Moderate · · Score: 2

    "Sulfur batteries can also supposedly be made 30 percent smaller than traditional lithium-ion cells while maintaining the same run times

    If the headline is true, ie 40% more capacity, isn't "smaller batteries can maintain the same run time" pretty much a given?

    --
    Never let a lack of data get in the way of a good rant.
    1. Re:"Supposedly"?! by sims+2 · · Score: 5, Insightful

      I think phones are small enough. How about we work on making them last at least 1 day on a full charge?

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      Minimum threshold fixed. Thanks!
    2. Re:"Supposedly"?! by Idarubicin · · Score: 4, Informative

      No it's not. Weight energy and volumic energy are two different things. The article does not say which is which.

      It's a good thing that the summary (didn't even have to click through to the article) indicates that it's using volumetric energy density for both:

      "Sony is developing a new type of battery chemistry that can boost runtimes by 40 percent compared to lithium-ion batteries of the same volume. Sony's batteries use a sulfur compound instead of lithium compounds for the positive electrodes, reportedly allowing for much great energy density. Sulfur batteries can also supposedly be made 30 percent smaller than traditional lithium-ion cells while maintaining the same run times."

      Weight - and therefore energy density per unit mass - isn't mentioned or implied.

      The grandparent's observation is spot on--the summary is indeed saying exactly the same thing in two different ways. If you can have the same runtime in 30% less volume, you can always get 40% more runtime with the original-sized package. To within a trivial rounding error, 140% and 70% are reciprocals; they're just saying "40% improvement in volumetric energy density".

      --
      ~Idarubicin
    3. Re:"Supposedly"?! by ShanghaiBill · · Score: 2, Insightful

      How about we work on making them last at least 1 day on a full charge?

      I have a Galaxy 5. After a full day, it is typically still about 90% charged. I turn off Bluetooth and Wifi when I am not using them. I don't play games on my phone, and I don't use it to watch Youtube.

    4. Re:"Supposedly"?! by Blaskowicz · · Score: 3

      How about making them smaller in the x and y directions? Or why not have a keypad at least.

    5. Re:"Supposedly"?! by mlts · · Score: 4, Interesting

      The reason why consumers "prefer" bigger phones is not because people want a change of clothing with bigger pockets... but the faster CPUs and such require more area to deal with heat.

      Of course, I've been told by someone in the industry that nobody would give up CPU and RAM for a smaller phone, but it would be nice to have a phone about the size of an iPhone 4.

      In general, it seems phone form factor choices have went from candybars, flip-phones, sliders, keyboards, clamshells... to the typical all-glass touch screen smartphone that fundamentally looks the same. across all models. Is this better? Not really.

      Then, there are capabilities built in. Phones are powerful enough that one can build in an entire desktop OS. The Motorola Atrix and Atrix2 are examples of this. It would be nice, with the USB 3.1/USB 3 standard to be able to plug a keyboard, mouse, and monitor into a cellphone, and use it as a desktop. If one creates a dedicated network GPU server that allows devices to send graphics commands, and gets back streaming video (think OnLive for the LAN), then the device wouldn't need to have much in the way of video, and a phone could drive a standard monitor. This essentially allows one device to perform multiple roles, similar to how Microsoft's Surface Pro can work as a tablet, as well as function as a full desktop computer.

      Right now, smartphones seem to be stagnating. We have faster CPUs and payment methods, maybe even touchscreens that register pressure on them... but those are evolution, "0.1" or "0.0.1" style improvements. Having the ability to use the phone as a desktop via USB-C, or even as a document repository, similar to Intel's personal server concept, would be a real "1.0" advance. Especially if BlueTooth could be used with a hard drive to get respectable transfer rates, at least USB 2.0, if not greater for short distances. Barring that, there are companies saying they could get 1GB/sec from infrared, so maybe update the IrDA protocol and have that as an alternative to wireless.

      Lots of ways phones can be improved on, but there are no players interested in doing anything to affect the status quo right now.

    6. Re:"Supposedly"?! by Gavagai80 · · Score: 5, Funny

      And my laptop charge lasts weeks, thanks to my never turning it on.

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    7. Re:"Supposedly"?! by Goetterdaemmerung · · Score: 5, Informative

      The reason why consumers "prefer" bigger phones is not because people want a change of clothing with bigger pockets... but the faster CPUs and such require more area to deal with heat.

      Of course, I've been told by someone in the industry that nobody would give up CPU and RAM for a smaller phone, but it would be nice to have a phone about the size of an iPhone 4.

      I work in the industry. I can tell you that the size is due to the display. It's not primarily due to heat dissipation. The manufacturers are convinced (based on trends and sales) that people want big phones with 5" or larger screens.

    8. Re:"Supposedly"?! by jafiwam · · Score: 2

      I work in the industry. I can tell you that the size is due to the display. It's not primarily due to heat dissipation. The manufacturers are convinced (based on trends and sales) that people want big phones with 5" or larger screens.

      Yup. Big screens are easier for older folks to see, and easier for bigger folks to poke at with fingers.

      Young, pajama boy pussy millennials might want or appreciate a small phone for their skinny jeans... but other people that actually have money to spend on a phone don't.

    9. Re:"Supposedly"?! by PIBM · · Score: 4, Funny

      Actually it`s hard to type on a small phone with my large penis.. I mean fingers!

    10. Re:"Supposedly"?! by Rob+Y. · · Score: 2

      If you happen to carry a purse, a large cellphone is not a problem. At that point, the big screen has no downside. That said, for those of us of the pants pocket persuasion, a 5.2 inch screen with minimal bezels makes a perfect compromise - if only someone would build a decent device with those dimensions at a decent price and decent battery life. Seems like this sweet spot was hit a few years back by the LG-G2, but now even LG has blown past it and can't seem to get back to the form factor that makes the most sense.

      --
      Posted from my Android phone. Oh, I can change this? There, that's better...
    11. Re: "Supposedly"?! by Blaskowicz · · Score: 2

      Similarly but sort of the other way around, what about a dumb phone (classic form factor) that can also act as a "slave" hand set for a smartphone?

      With more integration still, use the dumb phone with SIM card in it ; contacts are sync'ed to the smartphone, and even call history, SMS. Select someone to call on the smartphone (or compose a SMS), then the dumb phone calls the number and handles the conversation. Optionally the smartphone is a "hand set" or bluetooth speaker/mic for the dumb phone. (smartphone is a "slave" of the dumb phone)

      Basically I'd want to keep the dumb phone at all times or most times, since it is has many qualities, lasts for many years and can be used without regard for the battery life (more so since micro USB power on dumb phones).
      Tablet-like smartphone would be useful sometimes, but it would have to be a "secondary" phone, else not used as a phone.

  2. Energy density is not all that matters by JoshuaZ · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Energy density is not all that matters, and even energy density is *complicated.* One can have high energy density if one looks at maximum energy per mass, or per volume, and depending on the application and how different they are one or the other can matter, which is why tables generally include both https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_density#Energy_densities_of_common_energy_storage_materials . But even aside from energy density one has other issues, like recharge time and lifespan. It doesn't matter if you can make a battery with very high energy density but with a very short lifespan. In general, I'm skeptical of claims of massive improvement in batteries. As with new solar systems, if every single in-lab claimed battery improvement all were genuine and implementable we'd have solves all the world's energy problems years ago.

    1. Re:Energy density is not all that matters by Ungrounded+Lightning · · Score: 4, Interesting

      It doesn't matter if you can make a battery with very high energy density but with a very short lifespan.

      And sulfur-lithium cells have had a history of short lifetimes. It will be interesting to see if Sony has beaten that - or at least gotten them to last longer than equivalently priced lithium cells of more conventional design.

      In general, I'm skeptical of claims of massive improvement in batteries. As with new solar systems, if every single in-lab claimed battery improvement all were genuine and implementable we'd have solves all the world's energy problems years ago.

      On the other hand, commercially available, UL-approved (so they don't void your fire insurance), solar panels are now cheap enough (WITHOUT subsidies) to beat grid power on price/performance on sunny sites in the temperate zone. The control and conversion electronics has participated in the general Moore's Law style semiconductor technology improvement curve (and will also benefit from economy-of-scale as deployments continue to ramp up). The third piece of the off-gridding puzzle is storage...

      --
      Bantam Dominique roosters crow a four-note song. Once you've heard it as "Happy BIRTHday" you can't NOT hear it that way
    2. Re:Energy density is not all that matters by FlyHelicopters · · Score: 2

      On the other hand, commercially available, UL-approved (so they don't void your fire insurance), solar panels are now cheap enough (WITHOUT subsidies) to beat grid power on price/performance on sunny sites in the temperate zone.

      I wish people would stop saying that, it just isn't true...

      Even with subsidies, they are STILL too expensive...

      I priced solar just 2 months ago, talked to two local companies that sell solar, the end price is just nuts, about $3.40 a watt installed for a 10.5 KW system in Texas.

    3. Re:Energy density is not all that matters by Ungrounded+Lightning · · Score: 2

      I priced solar just 2 months ago, talked to two local companies that sell solar, the end price is just nuts, about $3.40 a watt installed for a 10.5 KW system in Texas.
      Then you're probably paying about $2.45/W for supports and installation. Raw panels - in pallet lots or slightly more if repackaged for fewer than 25 panels - are regularly well under $1/W, and you can get B grade (blemished but still fully functional and guaranteed) for about half that.

      One of the cheaper places to get them is Sun Electronics, headquartered in Florida but with sites elsewhere. But there are plenty more.

      A lot of the government subsidies require installation by licensed contractors (who mark things up substantially more than the subsidy, so it's really government welfare for contractors). But you can still do-it-yourself and be permitted, inspected, and approved in essentially all jurisdictions.

      Remember to be nice to the inspectors. Talk it over with them - or the chief of their department - in advance, but do your homework even before that and come to them with a plan or quick questions - not wasting their time (ESPECIALLY on inspections, when they have a tight schedule) is VERY important. When you're ready to go get the permit. Do it THEIR way - their word is effectively the law. Try to get it right the first time (so they don't have to come back after you correct something). Don't cut corners - do it better than a contract electrician. (You can afford to spend a little extra time to make everything neat and better done.)

      --
      Bantam Dominique roosters crow a four-note song. Once you've heard it as "Happy BIRTHday" you can't NOT hear it that way
  3. Another day, another future battery tech story by bheading · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Battery research is far more important than building smaller phones and tablets. Increased energy storage density has important implications for household and grid storage, and electric-powered transport.

    The problem is that there have been at least a dozen or so stories about new battery tech in the past 12 months. Some of them remind you of the old joke about nuclear fusion; it's always 20 years away. Enough crying wolf; wake me when I can buy one.

    1. Re:Another day, another future battery tech story by Pharmboy · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Great idea, and as soon as you suspend all patents, every company trying to make money off of this will say "fuck it" and go do something else.

      Greed is a bitch, but it can drive innovation. The whole idea of patents is that you have to give your invention away after 17 years, so society has benefited greatly by the patent system. It isn't perfect (like stupid software patents, which aren't "things"), but you fix a system, you don't erase it and all the gains.

      --
      Tequila: It's not just for breakfast anymore!
    2. Re:Another day, another future battery tech story by swb · · Score: 5, Insightful

      We need a "where are they now" battery roundup story where they look at why all the promising breakthroughs never delivered.

    3. Re:Another day, another future battery tech story by Dereck1701 · · Score: 2

      "household and grid storage"

      For those applications cost per kWh is a far more important factor than density/weight. Who cares if a residential battery is the size of a small car, in most situations you can just bury it in the back yard. Density and weight do of course become major factors in mobile device & EV applications but even here cost is quite important. It doesn't matter if an EV battery is developed that has the same energy density and weight as petroleum fuels, if it costs $30k per battery it is next to useless for the general public. For those two applications I'd rather have a battery cell the size of a 5 gallon bucket that can store 1 kWh for a hundred bucks instead of a cell the size of a 16oz bottle that can store the same amount of energy but cost $500.

  4. Think of the fire by RichMan · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Li-Ion batteries already go up in nice flames. Consider what you would get with 40% more energy and sulphur getting burned off into the air.

    1. Re:Think of the fire by Spaham · · Score: 4, Funny

      V O L C A N O E S !!!

      wow !

    2. Re:Think of the fire by adolf · · Score: 4, Interesting

      At least a battery made with sulfur can be extinguished with something other than a Class D fire extinguisher, unlike lithium.

      Lithium fires are the sort of bad news where best practice might be "throw the burning laptop through the window, and then work on putting out the secondary fires."

  5. They're not trying hard enough by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Funny

    I'm creating a battery that uses air and common garden dirt to produce 200% more power in a cell that is 46.7% smaller than a conventional Li-ion equivalent.

    I'm an idea man.

    1. Re:They're not trying hard enough by Blaskowicz · · Score: 2

      How can you be saying it is 0.467 times smaller? That doesn't mean anything according to the language police and worse, that must mean it's 2.14 times bigger!

  6. We don't need no sinkin' sulfur batteries! by __aaclcg7560 · · Score: 4, Funny

    I worked at a company where a hallway smelled like an open sewer for several weeks. What made it mysterious was that no sewer line went through that part of the building, leaving the building architect and plumber puzzled. The smell came from leaking batteries inside a UPS in a network closet. Since no one bothered to plugin in the monitoring cable, the one guy who did I.T. for the company didn't know that the UPS stopped working a long time ago. Now that was one hell of a stinker.

  7. Why do they fail though? by Roger+W+Moore · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Some of them remind you of the old joke about nuclear fusion; it's always 20 years away.

    Actually it's 40 years - and it's been 40 years away for the past 60 years or so. However batteries are a bit different in that there are regular claims of working prototypes with capacities 2-10 times the current limit and/or recharge rates similarly improved yet none ever seem to make it into a commercial product and yet the capabilities of Li-ion are slowly improving. What I would love to know is where all these ideas fail (as so many clearly have). Is that they cost too much to make, aren't safe in everyday environments or that the improvements claimed are woefully optimistic? or is if that by the time they would come to market Li-ion has improved itself to the point where there is not much difference in capability?

    1. Re:Why do they fail though? by Alwin+Henseler · · Score: 4, Informative

      The devil is in the details. And in particular, the cost of those details and how they chip away at the results you start with.

      Disclaimer: I'm by no means a battery expert in any way, shape or form. But if you read enough about battery tech, one thing that becomes clear is that it's basically a fuzzy science due to the many factors involved. Some examples:

      In the lab, you may use ultra-pure compounds to construct your battery. Such compounds can be expensive though. So for mass production you'd need to use some commercial-grade material that's less pure. The contaminants in there may not matter much. Or they may. It may depend on where that commercial-grade material is sourced. One way or the other, chances are performance / longevity / capacity is reduced vs. your lab sample.

      In the lab, there's lots of things you could try with the materials used. Nano-size structures, layers a few atoms thick deposited on some base material, etc, etc. But for production, none of that matters as you have to be able to actually mass-produce it. And at low enough cost. Which means most of of those nifty tricks will be out. Possibly exactly those tricks that made the improvement.

      In the lab, you'll have carefully controlled conditions. Once it's turned into a product, not so. Cells may be overcharged, over-discharged, dropped, dented, overheated, etc. Providing sufficient safety margins / features for that, can easily nullify those gains seen in the lab. A cell that sees most of its cycles around 40 degrees C may have a vastly different cycle life than one operating at 20 degrees C. Etc, etc.

      Last but not least: it's a long road from lab to product. As explained above: many factors involved.

  8. Re:where is the factory? by ShanghaiBill · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Let me know when there are factories building these batteries, until then, *yawn*

    This is a site with "news for nerds". If you are not interested in reading about interesting scientific research then go elsewhere. I am just happy that it is Friday, and so far there are no SJW articles.

    Btw, the summary is muddle-headed. It compares "lithium compounds" to "sulfer compounds" when the Sony battery is actually Lithium-Sulfur, with both lithium and sulfer. Lithium-Sulfur batteries are not new, but they are not widely used because they tend to degrade and have short lifetimes. Maybe Sony figured out a solution to that.

  9. Re:where is the factory? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Funny

    So you never use an actual working vagina, that actually stays warm 24/7 and self lubricates?

  10. Advances to be eaten by new hardware by mi · · Score: 4, Insightful

    can boost runtimes by 40 percent

    I predict, that most — if not all — of the added capacity will be eaten by new hardware and features, as happened with the rest of the computer-industry.

    By Moore's law, today's computers ought to be over 256 more powerful, than in the previous millennium (16 years ago) — and the hardware is. But the operating systems and applications ate most of it. And not only because of the new features which the users want (as well as those we do not), but also because the programmers choose wasteful technologies like programming languages, that are more convenient for them, and otherwise sacrificing speed to software portability and maintainability.

    It is quite common for people to complain, that their computer has "become slow" — they don't realize, that the machine is just as fast as when they bought it, but the software (including open-source) has become more demanding.

    For similar reasons, the phones using these new batteries will not run for 40% longer...

    --
    In Soviet Washington the swamp drains you.
    1. Re:Advances to be eaten by new hardware by Voyager529 · · Score: 4, Funny

      It is quite common for people to complain, that their computer has "become slow" — they don't realize, that the machine is just as fast as when they bought it, but the software (including open-source) has become more demanding.

      tl;dr:
      Moore's law: Hardware speed doubles every 18 months.
      Gates's law: Software speed halves every 18 months.

  11. I own NiCad, NiMH, lIon, liPoly by raymorris · · Score: 2

    Try using a NiCad again and you'll see what's happened with these great new battery technologies. I still have some NiCad laying around because not long ago that was the option for an affordable battery. Then nickel metal hydride came out, which was much better. Lithium ion was even better. Then lithium polymer, which was much and continues to improve.

    See also lead acid, nickel acid, and half a dozen other chemistries that have been used commercially in the last 20 years. Batteries have come a long way since the Gameboy.