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Theoretical Evidence For a Ninth Planet Beyond Pluto May Be Premature (forbes.com)

An anonymous reader writes: Earlier today, the team of Pluto-killer Mike Brown and Konstantin Batygin announced that they had found evidence of a ninth planet in our Solar System beyond the orbit of Pluto, larger and more massive than even Earth. However, a closer inspection of the work shows that they predict a few things that haven't been observed, including a population of Kuiper belt objects with large inclinations and retrograde orbits, long-period Kuiper belt objects with opposite ecliptic latitudes and longitudes, and infrared data showing the emission from such an outer world. There are many good reasons to be skeptical, and not conclude that there's a ninth planet without more (and better) evidence.

25 of 176 comments (clear)

  1. Skeptical by Skeptical1 · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Of course there are good reasons to be skeptical. It's just the way to be. Nothing to do with this article.

    1. Re:Skeptical by danbert8 · · Score: 2

      There's also a different between people who say CO2 doesn't cause warming or isn't significant and those that think the projected warming won't be catastrophic. I'm not a climate change skeptic, I'm a climate change catastrophe skeptic. Sadly the religion of AGW doesn't allow for categories of "deniers." They all get lumped together as equivalent to evolution deniers.

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    2. Re: Skeptical by Sique · · Score: 3, Insightful
      And Linus Pauling, winner of the Nobel prize for Chemistry, believed high doses of Vitamine C would cure cancer. Excellence in one field of science does not translate in sound knowledge in another field of science, even if it is related.

      Burt Rutan can build successful space ships. That doesn't make him an authority in the field of weather prediction and climate modelling.

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      .sig: Sique *sigh*
    3. Re:Skeptical by KGIII · · Score: 2

      I am sorry that I am so tired but, well, I have seen the climate change. The seasons are different, the weather more mild, and even the birds migrate with new patterns. Mountains which kept their snow pack are bald in the summer. I think we had one day of temperature over 90 last summer. I used to get three or four feet of snow - all the time. Now, maybe twice a year do I get more than 18" in a storm. I have pictures of snowbanks so high that they were HIGHER than the telephone poles.

      Yet, until I get all the information and have time to review it, I'm in the skeptic category. Oh, I don't doubt that it's happening. I'm just not sure they're doing a very good job at making predictions. Making 2000 predictions using 350000 models and then saying, "I told you so!" Is not science.

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    4. Re: Skeptical by JohnStock · · Score: 2

      Unless you're Elon Musk, who's opinions about everything are valid. Even his turds hold secrets about modern technology and science.

  2. Forbes doesn't like AdBlock by Kazymyr · · Score: 5, Informative

    Oh well. Article will go unread.

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    1. Re:Forbes doesn't like AdBlock by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

      This is Slashdot so not reading TFA is expected.

      Using a Forbes link is just ensures things are as they should around here.

    2. Re:Forbes doesn't like AdBlock by Rei · · Score: 5, Informative

      I don't use AdBlock and yet Forbes thinks I'm using it. So I can't read it.

      But I can say, at least the infrared claim doesn't hold up. Wise ruled out Saturn-sized bodies out to 10k AU (based not on reflection but, due to the distances, more the internal heat they'd give off), but here we're talking about a body that's far smaller than Saturn and would have much less internal heat. The theoretical planet is 1/10th the mass of Saturn, and its IR from internal heat would be much less than that. And while one could argue that due to being closer its additional solar reflection would overcome that, I wouldn't be so sure. Neptune is 1,7x heavier than the theoretical planet yet still has a cross sectional area less than 18% that of Saturn. And you can't just scale down by that 1,7x to around 10% the cross sectional area of Saturn - it's probably much less because its colder (the reason why Neptune has a smaller radius than Uranus despite being heavier). And even more than what you'd get simply from cooling gases - at aphelion it could well be cold enough to chill liquid hydrogen out of its atmosphere into hydrogen seas. And that would make it dramatically smaller.

      In short, if it's even remotely near aphelion, WISE could well have missed it. And elliptical-orbiting bodies spend much more of their time near aphelion than perihelion.

      As for the required observations about KBOs, I don't know enough about the types of bodies and their orbits being referred to in the summary to know if we should already have seen them or not. But either way, we need *something* to explain the similar arguments of perihelion of the sednoids. It's hard enough just to explain how something with such a distant perihelion ended up in an elliptical orbit to begin with, let alone multiple such objects sharing similar arguments of perihelion.

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    3. Re:Forbes doesn't like AdBlock by avandesande · · Score: 4, Informative

      It says right in the article that Wise had a hard time detecting Neptune which is relatively close.

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    4. Re:Forbes doesn't like AdBlock by jdavidb · · Score: 2

      My take is that these types of nag screens are supposed to be blocked by one of my adblock filters, so I reported the problem to adblock. I'm sure they will eventually find a way to block it so I can read articles there again, especially if lots of us report it! :)

    5. Re:Forbes doesn't like AdBlock by Crashmarik · · Score: 3, Funny

      Well Forbes is that great source of Astronomy news. I keep it right next to Sky and Telescope.

  3. I'm Skeptical by drinkypoo · · Score: 5, Insightful

    I'm Skeptical that it's ever going to be worth following a Forbes link.

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    1. Re:I'm Skeptical by Rob+Lister · · Score: 5, Insightful

      I do not get why so many articles here are sourced at Forbes when almost everyone here can't see them.

    2. Re:I'm Skeptical by squiggleslash · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Maybe it's to force people to turn off their ad-blockers, so that when they come back to Slashdot they'll see ads... if so, well played DICE, well played...

      That said, even when I turn off my ad blocker, I can't read Forbes, so I never bother trying any more anyway.

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    3. Re:I'm Skeptical by thegarbz · · Score: 5, Interesting

      I do not get why so many articles here are sourced at Forbes when almost everyone here can't see them.

      They are all submitted and posted by one person. Look at starts with a bang's profile. One single post on slashdot, but some 300 story submission attempts of which all are to his personal blog on Forbes, and of which a sadly high number is being accepted.

    4. Re:I'm Skeptical by coastwalker · · Score: 2

      To be fair Starts With a Bang was one of the best astronomy blogs on the internet when Nathan effectively ran it for free. It is unfortunate that having moved into a more commercial setting he happens to be publishing it on Forbes. That is one good reason why his articles are featured on this site.

      However a significant number of readers, myself included, do not like sharing data with Forbes advertising partners and can no longer read his good quality journalism. YMMV.

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    5. Re:I'm Skeptical by thegarbz · · Score: 2

      To be fair Starts With a Bang was one of the best astronomy blogs on the internet when Nathan effectively ran it for free.

      There's nothing to be fair, the vast majority of his articles are clickbait and borderline pseudo-science existential crap debunked by several theories which are conveniently ignored when he tries to prove sometimes no point at all.

      Occasionally he posts something interesting and relevant.

      In the past he also occasionally posted on slashdot. But the flavour wore off when he posted EVERY SINGLE ONE OF HIS BLOGS on here. That's no longer doing astronomy blogs a good service, that's using Slashdot as a personal advertising platform. Guess what, if we're interested in EVERYTHING he has to write then we'd be following his damn blog.

      That is all. People occasionally write crap, that's tolerable. People using a technology site as a personal clickbait advertising platform is definitely not. He is a clickwhore, and that's as fair as a comment can get.

  4. I blame the media by NotDrWho · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Every time some scientist comes out with even the most untested hypothesis, the media starts touting it as some great new discovery. The headlines were "New Planet Found!" when there should have been no headlines at all (not until it can be verified by many other astronomers).

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  5. Re:ninth planet by Rei · · Score: 2

    Pluto is not the 9th planet by any measure. There's over a dozen bodies in hydrostatic equilibrium before it. If you don't count "planetary moons" you still have to count Ceres, there's no question that it's in hydrostatic equilibrium.

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    What the hells goin on in the engine room? Were there monkeys? Some terrifying space monkeys maybe got loose?
  6. No no no by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

    This post, and the post yesterday covering the Caltech announcement, are great examples of what's wrong with science reporting these days. The story yesterday should have been titled "Caltech Researchers Find Evidence That Might Indicate A Ninth Planet"; it isn't proven, and while the researchers like their model, even they don't claim it's a done deal. However it makes better headlines to make it seem more certain, so yesterday's slashdot headline actually said "Caltech Astronomers Say a Ninth Planet Lurks Beyond Pluto".

    Of course that idiocy leads to today's ridiculous headline. It's a fucking theory. It hasn't been proven. Of course it is fucking premature to talk about it like it's established fact, which dumb-ass journos did, not actual scientists. The evidence isn't fucking premature; the evidence is what it is - a model, a theory, observations. The paper is published, anyone is free to look at the theory, examine the predictions made, and show where it stands up or falls down; that's the scientific process, you fucking morons.

  7. ridiculous by Ken+D · · Score: 4, Insightful

    The 'blogger' complains that the authors predict things that have not yet been observed, but that is exactly the point. A proposal that only explained things that are known is awfully convenient and cannot be confirmed or disproven by new observations.

  8. PLUTO is the 9th planet... bring it back... by yodleboy · · Score: 2

    As i understood it, the primary reason for classifying Pluto as a "dwarf planet" was size. If there were 2000 similar sized bodies in the Kuiper Belt, then they felt obligated to say "there are 2009 planets in the solar system". Of course this was decision was made BEFORE New Horizons, so if Pluto was just another smallish hunk of ice and rock then I guess it makes some sense (still think it was silly). Now, we know that Pluto is a hell of a lot more than that, and is a more active planet than expected. It's time to bring it back as #9 and maybe when we get to the Kuiper Belt to actually get a look, we can rethink the terminology...

  9. Planet Definition by Tenebrousedge · · Score: 2

    As i understood it, the primary reason for classifying Pluto as a "dwarf planet" was size.

    Actually no, the size criterion was whether it's big enough to be round. Pluto and Ceres, and a number of TNOs all qualify. However, Pluto is gravitationally dominated by Neptune, in a 3:2 orbital resonance. The rule is, if some other planet's gravity makes you its bitch, you don't get to be a planet.

    For a more precise definition of what it means to be a planet, including several criteria for what "clearing the neighborhood" means, you can consult this arXiv paper[pdf]. Interestingly, it suggests that the size criterion may be superfluous; anything large enough to clear its orbit should be big enough to be round.

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  10. Re:ninth planet by Rei · · Score: 2

    You missed the point. It's not the 9th. It's either the 8th, 10th, or some number greater than 10. There's no logical definition that makes it the 9th apart from "historical".

    I too support a high planet count.

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    What the hells goin on in the engine room? Were there monkeys? Some terrifying space monkeys maybe got loose?
  11. AGW Alternatives by Tenebrousedge · · Score: 2

    The models are one thing. Even the temperature record is not necessarily critical to the theory. For AGW to be conclusively disproven, there would have to be at least one of the following discoveries: [a] a new way for large amounts of heat to be transferred to space, or [b] a feedback loop that cancels out the (strongly positive) H2O-CO2 forcing.

    Both of these ideas have issues. The first one is almost too fanciful to even mention, but suffice to say we would expect to see this effect in extraterrestrial atmospheres as well. The second hypothetical has seen some investigation and was a favorite of anti-AGW researchers for a while, but so far all proposed mechanisms fall seriously short of negating the known positive feedbacks. It's not enough to say "the data sucks" or "the models suck", you need to have some sort of replacement hypothesis which explains why, all else being equal, an increase in atmospheric carbon does not lead to increased temperatures. We've eliminated a lot of false candidates over the last 100 years, and if there is some sort of force that would prevent a carbon catastrophe, we could sure use one now. It's pretty slim pickings at this point though.

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