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15-Year-Old Boy Discovers Long-Lost Ancient Mayan City Using Constellations And Google (nzherald.co.nz)

Master Moose quotes a report from NZ Herald: Deep within a dense Central American forest sit the ruins of an ancient city the world forgot. And it has just been discovered by a precocious 15-year-old boy. Quebec teenager William Gadoury claims he has discovered a long-lost ancient Mayan city using a clever combination of old-world astronomy and ultra-modern technology. [The inquisitive youngster, who has a deep fascination with ancient Maya, analyzed 22 Mayan constellations and realized that the Mayans aligned their 117 cities with the positions of the stars. Using satellite images from the Canadian Space Agency and Google Earth maps, William zeroed in on the precise location -- and a pyramid and about thirty ancient buildings were spotted, partially hidden, in the dense forest.] UPDATE: As the story continues to spread, so does the skepticism. David Stuart, anthropologist from The Mesoamerica Center-University of Texas at Austin, said via his Facebook page: "This current news story of an ancient Maya city being discovered is false..." Thomas Garrison, an anthropologist at USC Dornsife, told Gizmodo that the objects are relic corn fields.

59 of 98 comments (clear)

  1. theory vs real by alexandreracine · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Well, it is a theory, so now he his looking to go there in person.

    --
    No sig for now.
    1. Re:theory vs real by msauve · · Score: 2

      "Well, it is a theory, so now he his looking to go there in person."

      Life can be wonderful, in Theory. The problem is no one knows where Theory is.

      --
      "National Security is the chief cause of national insecurity." - Celine's First Law
    2. Re:theory vs real by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      It is a bit late for that. When first proposed, it would be a hypothesis, but there has already been at least one, if not more, steps of comparing the idea to evidence (e.g. checking satellite pictures and finding something). Now figuring out if the theory is well supported or baseless, and/or if there were bias issues in the search for evidence, is a bit more of subtle issue than simply swapping terminology around.

    3. Re:theory vs real by FatdogHaiku · · Score: 1

      "Well, it is a theory, so now he his looking to go there in person."
      Life can be wonderful, in Theory. The problem is no one knows where Theory is.

      It's over the hill, just behind Half-Assed...
      Which used to be called "Wild-Assed", but it just couldn't live up to the hype.

      --
      You have the right to remain sentient. If you give up the right to remain sentient, you will be elected to public office
  2. Reality Check by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Interesting

    The news I heard was that he came up with a hypothesis, did a bit of work on his own and then asked for help to see if there were indications of a city at certain locations. There are some indications but they need to be researched further. He can't go exploring until summer break since he is 15 and has high school exams. With what is all too typical news reporting hyperbole, it is being blown way out of proportion. I don't even know if he can afford to go on that type of trip.

    1. Re:Reality Check by youngone · · Score: 2

      With what is all too typical news reporting hyperbole...

      No surprise the story is published in the NZ Herald, sourced from news.com.au, two of the least trustworthy "news" organisations on the planet.

    2. Re:Reality Check by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      The problem is that it took you 3 long sentences to write all that. Try to fit it in a 6-7 word half-sentence that's gonna make me want to press the "read more" button for the full story and a lot of ads!

    3. Re:Reality Check by Master+Moose · · Score: 1

      shabby little tabloid

      --
      . . .gone when the morning comes
    4. Re:Reality Check by courteaudotbiz · · Score: 1

      The true original story is from the Journal de Montréal (translation), which is somewhat credible, but like to go for the sensationalism over the facts. Not a tabloid, but a popular / populist paper.

  3. Wow by Verdatum · · Score: 1

    This story set off my bullshit detector within about 2 sentences.

    1. Re:Wow by Rei · · Score: 1, Redundant

      Indeed. It's clearly not a Mayan city. It's a giant carving of the full text of the Wikipedia article on Pareidolia.

      --
      Monkeywrench Ex Machina.
    2. Re: Wow by Thud457 · · Score: 1

      So, he found 117 correlations, and the 118th didn't match anything known? Strange.

      I'm not sayin' it was aliens, but obviously aliens kidnapped the missing city.

      --

      the preceding comment is my own and in no way reflects the opinion of the Joint Chiefs of Staff

  4. Re:Pay no attention to insider skeptics. by slew · · Score: 3, Informative

    Remember, it was a child who grasped plate tectonics when established science said no way never.

    Remember, it was Alfred Wegener (born in 1880) who presented his theory about plate tectonics (in 1912) when established science said no way never.

    where: 1912-1880 = child

  5. You wouldn't believe how a teenager discovered... by Atmchicago · · Score: 5, Funny

    You wouldn't believe how a teenager discovered a Mayan city using this one weird trick! Archaeologists hate him!

    --

    You can lead a horse to water, but you can't make it dissolve.

  6. Re:Pay no attention to insider skeptics. by Verdatum · · Score: 1

    And when he presented this theory and support, it had legitimate flaws that the science community rationally had concerns about. For some reason, that part of the narrative always seems to get dropped.

  7. A Scotsman came up with the theory by known_coward_69 · · Score: 1

    https://www.amazon.com/Long-Jo... I read his book by accident. Amazing book and a scientific theory that he worked years on

    1. Re:A Scotsman came up with the theory by OakDragon · · Score: 2

      And they said no true Scotsman would come up with a theory like that.

  8. The Children Are Our Future by pipingguy · · Score: 1

    Has anyone checked to see if it's just some radio guts in a box or something?

  9. Re: Wow, another Mexican lies by rmdingler · · Score: 2

    On his mother's side, which makes him a MexiCan.

    --
    Happiness in intelligent people is the rarest thing I know.

    Ernest Hemingway

  10. A Canadian Teenager Finds a Lost City? by ASimPerson · · Score: 1

    I feel live I've seen this somewhere before...

    --
    In 3010, the potatoes triumphed
  11. Re:Pay no attention to insider skeptics. by slew · · Score: 1

    FYI: here's one flaw: polflucht...

  12. theory is not science before testing by sittingnut · · Score: 5, Insightful

    in this case test is actually checking the site. and that evident fails to confirm the theory. there is no city, just a fallow cornfield abandoned 10-15 years ago.

    nor is there any other correlation between other mayan cities and visible stars, then or now, that is just modern pseudo science mystic nonsense.
    a modern high resolution image of sky with lots of stars may fit a map of known mayan cities (or any random map of cities or parking lots/malls/anything) with stars but since there are lots of stars that is to be expected, and most stars in that image wont have corresponding cities and never will.

    this is what so called modern "science' has become to sell tv shows and books.

    and mass society at large takes it for real science and are ever ready to believe stories that fit fairy story patterns( this story fits right in; young boy, ancient legends and mysteries, confounded authority etc etc).

    media is happy to oblige . (how many media outlets that ran this story today, will run a story that pointed out that "city" was a cornfield tomorrow? very few. and fewer people will choose to read it if it ran).

    "science" now has become a popular mass belief with believers thinking it is the undeniable unchallengeable TRUTH (a concept that is alien to philosophy of science), with computer models and artists images taken for real instead of experiments and real world data, and consensus and voting has become proof of theories while scientific method is ignored

    1. Re:theory is not science before testing by ColdWetDog · · Score: 2

      Yes, what the hell does 'correlated with constellations' mean? Just another example of taking random data sets and finding some sort of 'correlation' and then assuming causation.

      Further, the constellations that we westerners talk about were developed by Greek / Roman / Arabic folk lore. The Chinese had their own set.

      I rather doubt the Mayans studied classical Greek civilization.

      Poor kid, he looks totally dorked in a suit.

      --
      Faster! Faster! Faster would be better!
    2. Re:theory is not science before testing by Nethemas+the+Great · · Score: 1

      You're right, they probably used the Chinese set... Whether or not the kid's theory holds, it's disgusting to see how people are most interested not in cultivating, fueling and encouraging this kid's passion, but rather in eviscerating him and his best efforts. Your toddler draws a picture of which she's very proud. It represents her best efforts and she's looking to you for praise and encouragement. Instead, you tell her it's rubbish, lecture her on her terrible technique, her poor choice of color pallet, etc..

      --
      Two of my imaginary friends reproduced once ... with negative results.
    3. Re:theory is not science before testing by 110010001000 · · Score: 1

      Uh, the kid is hoaxing you. Are you dense? He didn't make an honest mistake, it is a hoax.

    4. Re:theory is not science before testing by complete+loony · · Score: 1

      And the locations of Woolworths stores were decided with the help of aliens...

      --
      09F91102 no, 455FE104 nope, F190A1E8 uh-uh, 7A5F8A09 that's not it, C87294CE no. Ah! 452F6E403CDF10714E41DFAA257D313F.
    5. Re:theory is not science before testing by umafuckit · · Score: 1

      You're right, they probably used the Chinese set... Whether or not the kid's theory holds, it's disgusting to see how people are most interested not in cultivating, fueling and encouraging this kid's passion, but rather in eviscerating him and his best efforts. Your toddler draws a picture of which she's very proud. It represents her best efforts and she's looking to you for praise and encouragement. Instead, you tell her it's rubbish, lecture her on her terrible technique, her poor choice of color pallet, etc..

      That's not the correct analogy or the right response. This kid has (bravely) taken his ideas out into the real adult world to have them scrutinised. He's not playing and he's not a toddler. If his ideas are found wanting, the correct thing is not to pretend they are right but to explain why they are wrong. He'll learn.

    6. Re:theory is not science before testing by Zeio · · Score: 1

      Check for yourself - the coordinates for this Cornfield:

      Kâ(TM)aak Chi (Fire Mouth) William Gadoury "Lost City" / Cornfield 17Â56'41.36"N 90Â10'1.25"W (17.944822,-90.167014)

      Not likely a lost city per David Stuart

      - Director at The Mesoamerica Center-University of Texas at Austin
      - Professor at University of Texas at Austin Department of Art and Art History
      - Director at Casa Herrera

      https://www.facebook.com/david...

      --
      Legalize the constitution. Think for yourself question authority.
    7. Re:theory is not science before testing by bluefoxlucid · · Score: 1

      It's disgusting to see how people are most interested in awarding the Gold Medal of Participation to everyone who fucks up.

    8. Re:theory is not science before testing by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Yes, what the hell does 'correlated with constellations' mean? Just another example of taking random data sets and finding some sort of 'correlation' and then assuming causation.

      Further, the constellations that we westerners talk about were developed by Greek / Roman / Arabic folk lore. The Chinese had their own set.

      I rather doubt the Mayans studied classical Greek civilization.

      Poor kid, he looks totally dorked in a suit.

      Thank you for your insights into Mayan civilization, especially with regards to constellations. The Mayans would obviously not have developed their own system of grouping stars into constellations nor would they have left any records documenting that. The Madrid Codex, which this poor misguided youth used as the basis of his research, is obviously a hoax from the preconquest period. The book he is holding in his hands while he is "dorked in a suit", "Les Troix Codex Mayas" Eric Taladoire, ISBN-13: 978-2353151684 is part of that hoax. The Canadian Space Agency must also have been fooled to repurpose one of their satellites to take pictures of the site based solely on the sloppy research that this youth conducted where he correlated 117 Mayan cities with 142 stars with the help of the now-debunked theory that the Mayans actually had constellations.

      Personally, I will reserve judgement. To quote Peter O'Toole from the film "Ratatouille":

      "In many ways, the work of a critic is easy. We risk very little yet enjoy a position over those who offer up their work and their selves to our judgment. We thrive on negative criticism, which is fun to write and to read. But the bitter truth we critics must face, is that in the grand scheme of things, the average piece of junk is probably more meaningful than our criticism designating it so."

    9. Re:theory is not science before testing by Nethemas+the+Great · · Score: 1

      You misunderstand me. I'm not talking about awarding the precious snowflake an "A" for effort even though his peers run circles around them. I'm talking about sh*tting on an aspiring novice for trying to grasp beyond their station rather than guiding/mentoring/encouraging them. What kid his age do you know spends more than a few weeks on an academic endeavor--especially one not assigned to them--let alone a few years? His peers are kids his age, not a highly credentialed archaeologists. He didn't go trying to get published in an academic journal. He presented at a frigging academic fair and was noticed.

      Subjected to such a toxic environment very few kids would ever aspire to and achieve great things. It is disgusting to see embers with so much potential snuffed out by a**holes like you.

      --
      Two of my imaginary friends reproduced once ... with negative results.
  13. Re: You wouldn't believe how a teenager discovered by WarJolt · · Score: 1

    In general, since we know of several environmental facts that influenced the location of Maya settlements, the idea correlating them with stars is utterly unlikely.

    I bet Ivan's original response was much more colorful.

  14. Re:Pay no attention to insider skeptics. by angel'o'sphere · · Score: 1

    Actually: they had no concerns.
    They laughed at him!

    It was Albert Einstein who stood up and said: "the theory is plausible, and unless disproven there is nothing to laugh about" ... my wording, don't have the original words at hand.

    Most scientists are idiots, or "Fachidioten" ... which means "idiots of their special topic" and have hard problems to look over the fence.

    --
    Cost free eBook I read (by iBook/Kobo/Amazon/ObookO/Gutenberg etc.): "The Green Odyssey" by Philip Jose Farmer.
  15. Re:Pay no attention to insider skeptics. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    Your perspective is way out of what to the point you seem to be presenting a comic book version of not based on reality. Wegener was in a long line of people proposing the idea of continental drift, but distinctively combined together several fossil and geological lines of evidence. He was the one that shifted the idea from, "Yeah, your crazy idea amounts to an interesting coincidence of continent shape" to a discussion of what unknown process could allow for it to work (a discussion that produced many not so great ideas at first). This was well timed considering it was a decade after radioactive decay raised a lot of problems for established theories that depending on things staying in place for a cooling earth over a couple million years. Large change from that point wasn't someone standing up with clout, but a massive amount of new lines of evidence in the 50s and 60s that established a mechanism. Nonetheless, within a couple years of Wegener's original publication, a flurry of work began on the idea of a solid crust over a liquid mantle.

    You don't have big debates within a couple years and meetings to discuss something you laugh at without concern. Ego certainly was involved for many people, but attacking someone for not being a geologist also is not laughing without concern.

  16. Coordinates? by Macdude · · Score: 1

    And the coordinates to this "city" are?

    --
    "Grab them by the pussy" -- President of the United States of America
  17. evidence by bigdavex · · Score: 1

    As evidence, he produced a calendar signed with a Mayan private key.

    --
    -Dave
  18. Peer-reivew? by cyn1c77 · · Score: 1

    This is cool, but could we wait for something verified like:

    1. An expert actually visiting the rumored site?
    2. Higher resolution pictures of the site from the ground or an airplane? Preferably in a wavelength that screens out the foliage?
    2. A published (or even submitted) paper to a peer-reviewed journal?

    I applaud the kid for his efforts, but you have to close the loop scientifically before declaring victory... even if you are 15.

    Also, right now, there is nothing stopping some asshole with more resources from beating this kid to publication (unless there is a missing link to a report).

  19. You THINK it is a cornfield by SuperKendall · · Score: 2

    evident fails to confirm the theory. there is no city, just a fallow cornfield abandoned 10-15 years ago.

    The "evident" is some professor who THINKS that is a fallow cornfield. Just as the kid THINKS there is a city there.

    The only satellite image for counter proof (see end of article) looks nothing like the satellite image of the area the kid found.

    If you look at the image of the area in question why does the vegetation look exactly the same age as the surrounding vegetation, simply sunken? Vegetation from a fallow cornfield just fifteen years ago would not appear the same from above as much older vegetation surrounding it, it would not look so even across the whole space.

    The actual proof would be obtained by going to the area and exploring the ground on foot. At the very least the shape and apparent age makes it worth taking a look.

    --
    "There is more worth loving than we have strength to love." - Brian Jay Stanley
    1. Re:You THINK it is a cornfield by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      You seem to think "science" has money to verify every single formation found from Google. You also seem to THINK the boy has found enough reasons justify such verification. But what if the boy is not alone? What if there is other unfinished (more important) research not done because not enough resources (money)? What makes you to THINK we have to investigate this boy's THINKING next?

    2. Re:You THINK it is a cornfield by amicusNYCL · · Score: 1

      The "evident" is some professor who THINKS that is a fallow cornfield. Just as the kid THINKS there is a city there.

      The person who thinks it is a cornfield is someone who actually has experience working in the Mayan lowlands, who has seen fields like that in both satellite pictures and on the ground. The person who thinks it is a city is a kid in Canada.

      Yes, someone needs to visit the area to confirm anything. But I'm not going to be paying those expedition costs. If the kid wants to foot the bill himself, fine, after all if he's claiming there's a city there then the burden of proof is on him.

      There's probably a farmer somewhere in Mexico who knows the answer, but he may not be reading those news stories.

      --
      "Our two-party system is like a bowl of shit looking at itself in a mirror." - Lewis Black
  20. Here by SuperKendall · · Score: 1

    From the story comments, looks like:

    17.9447247 , -90.1666302

    Enter into your favorite mapping system.

    --
    "There is more worth loving than we have strength to love." - Brian Jay Stanley
  21. The kid should read less Graham Hancock by DrXym · · Score: 1

    Cities grow based on trade routes, natural resources, areas of strategic importance, defensible land, population growth and so on. While there might be the odd city arbitrarily placed for an administrative or religious purpose, most aren't.

    1. Re:The kid should read less Graham Hancock by Rei · · Score: 2

      I can just imagine the Mayan authorities talking with a group of peasants:

      Authorities: Hey! You! Why are have you been building this town here?
      Peasants: Our population grew, we needed to. Many people were working too far away from the old town.
      Authorities: No no no, this is all wrong. There's no major stars in our constellation at this location.
      Peasants: But our fields are here. It's good soil, there's water...
      Authorities: Look, there's a bright star that maps to a position eight kilometers to the east. Go build there.
      Peasants: You mean, on that barren lava plane on a 45 degree slope?
      Authorities: Yes, that's the place!
      Peasants: ... why exactly are we doing this, again?

      --
      Monkeywrench Ex Machina.
    2. Re:The kid should read less Graham Hancock by hey! · · Score: 1

      Well, sure. But you can't blame him for trying.

      There's nothing wrong with wild-ass flights of speculation as long as you don't insist the facts fit. And while everyone should learn the time-tested, scholarly consensus, the fun in science comes in where things everyone has good reason to believe don't quite fit the facts. DNA is used to assemble RNA, which in turn is used to generate proteins; it's so simple and compelling, it's been called the "fundamental dogma of molecular biology"; but once you have that dogma, the really interesting stuff is where the dogma doesn't fit -- e.g., retroviruses.

      So while you want to train young scientists not to make wild-ass claims, you don't want to train them to ruthlessly reject ideas that are unorthodox. So it seems to me the right response isn't to say "You got it WRONG, you ignorant kid, go back and study the standard theory for how the Maya sited their cities," it's "Nice try, kid. Go and study the standard theory for how Maya sited their cities and maybe you'll have better luck next time."

      --
      Post may contain irony: discontinue use if experiencing mood swings, nausea or elevated blood pressure.
    3. Re:The kid should read less Graham Hancock by Areyoukiddingme · · Score: 1

      Peasants: You mean, on that barren lava plane on a 45 degree slope?
      Authorities: Yes, that's the place!
      Peasants: ... why exactly are we doing this, again?

      Religious Authorities: Because we'll cut your hearts out and burn them if you don't.
      Peasants: Oh.

    4. Re:The kid should read less Graham Hancock by DrXym · · Score: 1
      Announcing to the world you've found a city when you haven't certainly qualifies as "insisting the facts fit".

      What did the stars look like during Mayan times? What evidence do we have that they worshiped, venerated or otherwise cared about a certain constellation? How do known cities even align onto this constellation - accurately, or with wild ass fudging? How many cities did they have before they started on this plan or were they living in small settlements? Do the existing cities become the anchor points for this alignment or did they ignore them? And if they ignored them then how did they superimpose the stars onto the earth and in which scale and direction? And how did they avoid building cities on the sides of mountains or in the middle of swamps or miles away from resources (quarries, water, arable land etc.)? And how did they measure distances and direction? How did they survey the land? In what order were these cities founded or did this happen over centuries? Why is there is no record for any of this?

      So no, it's not about being unorthodox but starting with an evidence-free assumption and attempting to massage the facts to fit it. Garbage in garbage out. It's the sort of nonsense that some pseudo archeologist like Graham Hancock might come up with. It's not how science should work, orthodox or not.

  22. Re:The nasty skeptics again by wonkey_monkey · · Score: 1

    Oh, pipe down, dumb-dumb.

    --
    systemd is Roko's Basilisk.
  23. This makes me sad. by invid · · Score: 1

    How did this get into slashdot? This National Enquirer level crap "science".

    --
    The Moore-Murphy Law: The number of things that will go wrong will double every 2 years.
    1. Re:This makes me sad. by LeadSongDog · · Score: 1

      How did this get into slashdot? This National Enquirer level crap "science".

      Apparently from gizmodo. Again. Hey Slashdot: we *still* need "clickbait" and "troll" labels for proposed stories.

      --
      Oh, I'm sorry sir, I thought you were referring to me, Mr. Wensleydale.
  24. Re:Pay no attention to insider skeptics. by Gr8Apes · · Score: 1

    I found that interesting, and read through more of his work. He was only wrong in polflucht, as the mechanism wasn't strong enough. However, he was right on almost every other aspect, and the science community railed against their boat being rocked by the truth. This happened to Einstein and every other scientist that makes a truly groundbreaking discovery that upends a lot of lifework, as only a few can write off their life's work as a mistake and move on.

    --
    The cesspool just got a check and balance.
  25. Re: hypothesis vs theory by oh_my_080980980 · · Score: 1

    In the scientific vernacular, a "theory" is defined as a proven hypothesis.

  26. Re:Pay no attention to insider skeptics. by oh_my_080980980 · · Score: 1

    He didn't find a city he found a corn field. Hardly boat rocking.

  27. Nope! by Locke2005 · · Score: 1

    Today, many real scientists are saying that's not a lost city, it's a milapa, i.e. an abandoned corn field from 10-15 years ago. Of course, we can't know for sure until somebody actually goes there and investigates on the ground. I admire this kid, but his conjecture is probably incorrect.

    --
    I've abandoned my search for truth; now I'm just looking for some useful delusions.
  28. Re:Pay no attention to insider skeptics. by OakDragon · · Score: 3, Funny

    They laughed at me when I said I wanted to make funny comments on Slashdot.

    Well, nobody's laughing now!

  29. Re:Another hoax by OakDragon · · Score: 1

    *I lost my pyramids and have no backups*

    The dog ate Myan homework?

  30. Re: hypothesis vs theory by anegg · · Score: 1

    It is my understanding that a "theory" is an explanation of observed behavior. A good theory will predict certain behavior that can be tested - i.e., a "falsifiable" hypothesis. If an experiment is carried out to test the hypothesis, it may result in a positive result that supports the hypothesis, and thus the theory. (Note - A single positive outcomes doesn't mean the hypothesis is proven - the experiment needs to be repeatable and each repetition needs to yield the same positive results. Also note that a successful experimental outcome doesn't "prove" the theory, it just shows that the theory has some explanatory power, which is the main function of a theory. The theory may have other consequences [falsifiable hypotheses] that may be found to be not true, showing that although the theory has some explanatory power, it is not the complete explanation.) The experiment may result in a negative outcome that disproves the hypothesis, and hence the theory as it is currently described. Sometimes the theory can be salvaged by adding the results of the experiment to the observed data used to develop the theory, then "refactoring" the theory to incorporate the new observations. If the new version of the theory can successfully explain the new data in a fundamental way (i.e., not just as an exception to a rule), then the new theory is probably a better explanation than the original theory.

    Theories that have stood up to a lot of experimental testing are judged to be more likely and more complete explanations, while those that are relatively new and untested are considered suspect. Heuristics such as Occam's razor play a role in judging the quality of a theory as well; simple explanations are preferred over more complex explanations, all else being equal (ability to explain observed data, ability to generate falsifiable hypotheses).

    A good theory will probably have generated many falsifiable hypotheses, all of which will have been experimentally validated (with repeatable experiments carried out by a number of people, not just one experiment by one person). At least, that is how I understand the interrelationship between theories and hypotheses.

  31. Re:Pay no attention to insider skeptics. by Gr8Apes · · Score: 1

    He didn't find a city he found a corn field. Hardly boat rocking.

    Alfred Wegener found a corn field? I'm interested, that wasn't in the stuff I read!

    --
    The cesspool just got a check and balance.
  32. Re:Pay no attention to insider skeptics. by Verdatum · · Score: 1

    Yeah, Galileo is another one that people always get wrong. The pope was genuinely interested in Galileo's theories and entreated him to do a proper writeup that explains what his theory has over the earth-centric model, and what his proof was. Galileo then took this permission and used it to be an ass. That was what really got him in trouble. He had the character simplicio, the straw-man idiot speaking with the pope's words; effectively saying "lol pope didn't believe me the first time I presented my theory, not because my theories were incomplete, but because he's a friggin' dumbass."

  33. Re:Pay no attention to insider skeptics. by Coren22 · · Score: 1

    To be fair, I am often told I am young despite being a bit older than he was.

    --
    APK likes to ask for responses to the same things over and over. Maybe he just likes the responses?