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US Cities Lose Tree Cover Just When They Need It Most (scientificamerican.com)

An anonymous reader shares a report: Scientific evidence that trees and green spaces are crucial to the well-being of people in urban areas has multiplied in recent decades. Conveniently, these findings have emerged just as Americans, already among the most urbanized people in the world, are increasingly choosing to live in cities. The problem -- partly as a result of that choice -- is that urban tree cover is now steadily declining across the U.S.

A study in the May issue of Urban Forestry & Urban Greening reports metropolitan areas are experiencing a net loss of about 36 million trees nationwide every year. That amounts to about 175,000 acres of tree cover, most of it in central city and suburban areas but also on the exurban fringes. This reduction, says lead author David Nowak of the U.S. Forest Service (USFS), translates into an annual loss of about $96 million in benefits -- based, he says, on "only a few of the benefits that we know about." The economic calculation involves several such benefits that are relatively easy to express in dollar terms -- the capacity of trees to remove air pollution, sequester carbon, conserve energy by shading buildings and reduce power plant emissions.

20 of 135 comments (clear)

  1. Compensating by zmaragdus · · Score: 4, Interesting

    With the emerging (but still very small) movement to add a lot of plants to the roofs / sides of buildings, I would like to see a study making a quantitative evaluation as to how much said plants can compensate for the loss of trees.

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    1. Re:Compensating by drinkypoo · · Score: 4, Insightful

      With the emerging (but still very small) movement to add a lot of plants to the roofs / sides of buildings, I would like to see a study making a quantitative evaluation as to how much said plants can compensate for the loss of trees.

      I don't know, but I can take a semi-educated guess. Old forests with mature trees typically (that is, for almost all species) sequester more carbon than young ones which are still growing. It seems counterintuitive, but the key is that old forests have substantially more biomass — the trees have to respirate in order to maintain it, and it's their respiration which is the basis of most of the benefits of trees. Therefore, the benefits will essentially scale with the biomass, which is to say that trees are more beneficial.

      Some of the benefits of trees are irrespective of their biomass, for example their effect on albedo. This can as easily be produced by leafy salad greens as a redwood tree. But carbon sequestration, air filtration, and regulation of humidity (just off the top) are all linked to biomass.

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      "You're right," Fisheye says. "I should have set it on 'whip' or 'chop.'"
    2. Re:Compensating by drinkypoo · · Score: 2

      Old forests with mature trees typically (that is, for almost all species) sequester more carbon than young ones which are still growing.

      Is that supposed to be a joke?
      Obviously it is the opposite around, growing trees convert CO2 into wood ... grown out trees only "breath" to stay alive.

      The time before last (approximately) that this came up, I did the research, looked it up, and provided a citation that proved my point. I'm not going to do your homework for you here, because I've already done it and posted the results here on Slashdot (with links). It is a fact that for the vast majority of tree species, mature forests sequester more carbon than new growth. Go forth and prove me wrong if you think you can. I'll check back. But this is why using trees for carbon sequestration, while still a great option, a) doesn't happen quickly and b) requires ongoing maintenance. Nations that have funding for planting trees require ongoing inspection to ensure that the trees are actually successful, for example.

      P.S. That's why we call it "counter-intuitive"

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      "You're right," Fisheye says. "I should have set it on 'whip' or 'chop.'"
    3. Re:Compensating by Tool+Man · · Score: 4, Informative

      You know those colored bands, known as "rings", in wood? The ones that are created anew year after year? What do you think they're made of?

      Now, consider that they'll often be roughly the same thickness on average each year. Each circle is larger than the one before, so it's layering on more circumference all the time. As long as the tree is still alive, it's adding more to the trunk alone.

      I'll allow that some trees die fairly soon in human terms, but many do not. Still though, even alders or poplars are bigger each year for their relatively short, fast-growing lifespan.

    4. Re:Compensating by drinkypoo · · Score: 3, Informative

      Sorry,

      No need to apologize, just provide a citation that supports your argument. Otherwise, you really are sorry. A sad, sorry sack. Now look what you did, you baited me into proving that you know jack about shit, and jack just left town.

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      "You're right," Fisheye says. "I should have set it on 'whip' or 'chop.'"
    5. Re:Compensating by anegg · · Score: 2

      Conservatives don't believe in science, so until they pull their heads out of their oven-like assholes collectively, humanity is screwing itself like direct family members in red states.

      I'm more conservative than not, and I definitely believe in science. I raised my kids with a periodic table of the elements shower curtain, taught them atomic theory/structure in elementary school, and didn't subject them to a meeting of organized religion adherents until they asked to go as part of one of their high school classes in religion. I'm a big fan of Skeptic magazine and the Skeptical Inquirer. I run programs for FIRST robotics so that kids can get introduced to STEM principles and concepts at an early age to see if they have a liking and an aptitude for pursuing STEM education. I believe in small(er) government and equal opportunity. I recognize that equal opportunity will not create equal outcomes, but don't think that leveling the outcomes is the right answer, either.

      I personally like living an areas that trend towards rural and not urban, as I like having space and green things around me, and I value the tradeoff of those benefits more than the glamour of coffee shops, restaurants, and the other collective (claimed) benefits of cities. I am baffled by the trend towards preferring to live in cities, but since I believe in live and let live, I understand that there are those for whom having a crowd of humanity surrounding them at all times is comfortable even though it is not for me.

      What I have trouble understanding is why those who want to live in urban environments seem to think that because they like it, everyone else should like it too. I don't understand why liberals who claim to support science feel free to ignore it when it doesn't advance their agenda. I am baffled by people who don't understand the simple concept that not everyone wants to live surrounded by teeming hordes of humanity, and that the psychological well being of people who don't want to live that way is perhaps a very good reason for why a "less efficient" more diffuse population environment is a perfectly reasonable choice for others to make. I deeply resent being constantly bombarded by memes that seek to shame me into supporting a degradation of my non-urban environment in the interests of various feel-good policies that aren't likely to achieve their stated objective of solving social ills. Last time I checked, urban areas were all more expensive to live in than non-urban areas and more harmful to life due to concentrated pollutants. The fact that urban dwellers must accept more controls on their life and their behavior as a consequence of living in such close proximity to each other is to me another reason to just say no to city life.

      Why are liberals shoving their heads up their butts, concentrating humanity in cities often devoid of any vegetation other than carefully tended artificial plantings, ignoring the the fact that the "natural" state of humanity is to be part of a natural environment, not embedded in an entirely artificial matrix of glass concrete and asphalt?

  2. All the positive by sdinfoserv · · Score: 2

    On a positive note, that's an addition of 175,000 acres per year that are NOT susceptible to forest fires!

  3. I like trees, but by 93+Escort+Wagon · · Score: 2

    What is the "just when they need it most" part? Is there a sudden, unforeseen shortage of firewood or lumber in the cities?

    I'm guessing the submitter must've been recently watching one of those movies where the hero's gun jams just as the bad guy comes around the corner with his own gun drawn.

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    1. Re: I like trees, but by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Google "urban heat islands." As summers get longer and hotter, the problem is exacerbated in cities due to low albedo surfaces, heat retention by high thermal mass cement and asphalt, and runoff of surface water that in other areas would be absorbed by the soil. As a result, cities end up being several degrees hotter than their surrounding regions. Vegetative cover helps to offset these effects.

  4. Re:Dying off. by 93+Escort+Wagon · · Score: 2

    Dutch Elm Disease.

    Chestnut blight.
    Pine bark borers.
    Lady Eboshi.

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  5. Canada by fluffernutter · · Score: 2

    This is one reason why I never left Canada. You have to move certain places to find it, but you can still find an affordable house on a well-treed lot, 20-30 minutes away from work here.

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    Laws are rules for the court, but merely a bottom bar to hit for life. Think beyond laws in your actions always.
    1. Re:Canada by HornWumpus · · Score: 2

      Yeah, but the work is building igloos.

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      John McAfee 'It was like that time I hired that Bangkok prostitute; to do my taxes, while I fucked my accountant'
    2. Re:Canada by DontBeAMoran · · Score: 2

      Vancouver, Toronto and Montreal are not part of Canada, at least if you look at house prices.

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  6. Re:Dying off. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Funny

    Paul Bunyan.

  7. Not a Choice by Tablizer · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Americans, already among the most urbanized people in the world, are increasingly choosing to live in cities. [Emphasis added]

    I don't believe it's a choice in the direct sense, but rather an economic reality. To be competitive globally and against automation requires high collaboration among experts and specialists. You mostly find this in populated areas.

    Farming automation has reduced the need for rural workers, and mining automation is also ramping up.

    If your job allows you to do remote work, then it more likely can be outsourced to Timbuktu for 1/3 your wages.

  8. Happened after Irma here by ZorinLynx · · Score: 2

    Here in Miami after Hurricane Irma I saw a LOT of trees being cut down that only had minor damage (maybe a branch or two down) from the hurricane. People would rather get rid of the whole tree rather than trim it back so it can recover after the storm.

    It was extremely depressing as my part of the city is already lacking in tree cover and this hacking and slashing just made it worse. So many people just don't care. One house in particular used to be almost completely shaded in the afternoons but is now in the sun the entire day. I bet their cooling bills will be far higher this summer!

    1. Re:Happened after Irma here by drinkypoo · · Score: 2

      Here in Miami after Hurricane Irma I saw a LOT of trees being cut down that only had minor damage (maybe a branch or two down) from the hurricane. People would rather get rid of the whole tree rather than trim it back so it can recover after the storm.

      Here in Lake County, California after our last massive round of fires, tree companies were literally stealing trees. They were coming around and cutting down trees on people's private property which were not damaged by the fire. They knew beyond any reasonable doubt that they were not supposed to take those trees, but they profit from taking them down both when paid by government and when they sell the resulting wood products.

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      "You're right," Fisheye says. "I should have set it on 'whip' or 'chop.'"
  9. Re:Dying off. by Ogive17 · · Score: 2

    Emerald Ash Borer has wiped out just about every Ash tree in the region... they get most treated ones as well. My town took the preemptive action to cut them down and replace them with other native species.

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    "Action without philosophy is a lethal weapon; philosophy without action is worthless."
  10. Re:Liberal cities... by PopeRatzo · · Score: 2

    Liberals, you are hypocrites again. Cutting your own down.

    Pardon me, you rubber glove filled with mayonnaise, but this is a line from the article: Last time I checked, Georgia, Alabama and Nebraska had rock-ribbed, family-values, bible-believing Trump-loving Republicans running those states.

    "The biggest losses on a percentage basis were in Rhode Island, Georgia, Alabama and Nebraska, "

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    You are welcome on my lawn.
  11. Power and telco cables underground, property lines by MoarSauce123 · · Score: 3, Interesting

    From my experience the biggest threat to urban trees are utility companies. I understand that they want to protect their infrastructure, but they destroy the trees and call it "maintenance". Put all power and telco lines underground in conduits that cannot be damaged by tree roots. That will cost a fortune, but I bet the ROI is rather high. I can't imagine that it is less expensive to have crews and equipment on hand to constantly fix toppled poles and cut back trees.

    Another option is to go back to marking property lines with trees. I live in a neighborhood that was developed in the 1920s and on each corner of the properties is/was a tree. Not the most exact marker for property lines, but one that many appreciate. Trees keep water away from structures and give shade in the summer lowering AC cost. And they look nice.