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Poor Sleep Alters Metabolism and Boosts Body's Ability To Store Fat, Study Finds (theguardian.com)
An anonymous reader quotes a report from The Guardian: The latest study provides new evidence that sleep deprivation has a direct influence on basic metabolism and the body's balance between fat and muscle mass. In the study, published in the journal Science Advances, 15 healthy volunteers each attended a testing session on two occasions, once after a normal night's sleep and once after staying up all night. During the visit, they gave samples of fat and muscle tissue and blood. After sleep deprivation, people's fat tissue showed changes in gene activity that are linked to cells increasing their tendency to absorb lipids and also to proliferate.
By contrast, in muscle the scientists saw reduced levels of structural proteins, which are the building blocks the body requires to maintain and build muscle mass. Previous epidemiological studies have also found shift workers and those who sleep less have lower muscle mass. This may be in part down to lifestyle factors, but the latest work shows that there are also fundamental biological mechanisms at play. The study also found an increase in inflammation in the body after sleep deprivation, which is a known risk factor for type 2 diabetes.
By contrast, in muscle the scientists saw reduced levels of structural proteins, which are the building blocks the body requires to maintain and build muscle mass. Previous epidemiological studies have also found shift workers and those who sleep less have lower muscle mass. This may be in part down to lifestyle factors, but the latest work shows that there are also fundamental biological mechanisms at play. The study also found an increase in inflammation in the body after sleep deprivation, which is a known risk factor for type 2 diabetes.
Sleep deprivation is a source of chronic stress at a basic level. It's not all that surprising that it causes neurological effects, but ALSO systemic stress-related effects.
How is the Riemann zeta function like Trump rallies? Both have an endless number of trivial zeros.
more and more we're finding that people's failings aren't their own. That a variety of physical ailments have broad, cascading effects on every aspect of human life. We figured out that underfed women give birth to babies with reduced mental capacity. That poverty and stress impact rational behavior and decision making. That people sleep less as they age due to hormonal changes and now that lack of sleep leads to weight gain (gut bacteria play a big role too).
/. is a science focused forum. And the science is pretty clear here. So are we going to start seeing a change of mind? And are we going to see folks acting on that?
As long as I've been alive one of the central narratives in my life has been that people who fail at life did so because they lack good moral character. It's been pretty well pounded into my skull. Sometimes overtly ( "Welfare Queens" and folks convinced panhandlers are making a kililng ) and sometimes less so ("You can be do anything if you put your mind to it!" and "Pull yourself up by your bootstraps!").
Science is challenging that. There really are "born losers". Folks for whom nothing ever seems to go right because it doesn't. Moreover life really does kick you when you're down.
What I'm wondering is if we're going to change anything in response. I don't expect the public at large to. But, well,
I'm not so sure. Yeah, this is a science oriented forum, but it's also a forum with an aging population. And as people get older they get more conservative. Less emphatic. Funny that; I read somewhere science has found that the part of your brain associated with empathy atrophies in old age...
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"Fat: people do not get fat by eating it, they get fat by not being able to burn it. And, that is 100% controlled by hormones, leptin & insulin." @DrRosedale http://bit.ly/2h0Xmg1
"...the mobilization of fat from adipose tissue is inhibited by numerous stimuli. The most significant inhibition is that exerted upon adenylate cyclase by insulin." @medicalbiochem http://bit.ly/2LiPkNE
"The underlying theme of the glucose-fatty acid cycle is that the utilization of one nutrient (e.g. glucose) directly inhibits the use of the other (in this case fatty acids) without hormonal mediation." @medicalbiochem http://bit.ly/2v2lq54
"Tempers are wearing thin. Let's just hope some robot doesn't kill everybody." --Bender
Does an adult have the right to post/share nudes of themselves as an underage person?
Asking for a friend
Another article, another piece to a solved puzzle. If you want to gain weight, what does google say? You have to eat more calories than you expend. The excess will be stored as fat.
And if you want to lose weight, you do the opposite. This will never stop working. People cling to these articles out of nothing but confirmation bias for their continued gluttony. Its not hormones, insulin, genetics, PCOS, or medications. Just gluttony.
Body builders and trainers have been saying this for quite a while.
Seriously.. All these studies are just ridiculous.
One week, a study comes out saying that too much sleep will give you a stroke. Then, not enough sleep will give you cancer. Then too much sleep will give you cancer.
It's like red wine. Every other study completely contradicts the previous one.
What is the point? There is so much conflicting information that it is literally impossible for any "normal" person to make any kind of informed decision about to or to not do.
I say, just live you life normally without giving one single heck about this crap. It seems clear that if you eat a diet with little processed foods and exercise a bit, you should be fine.
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One time, at Bandcamp, I farted into a zip-loc bag and promptly threw it into the freezer. Not surprisingly there was a turd in the morning. Might be a good thing to throw at @CaesarsPalace/@CaesarsEnt. Shatter Turd!
It's not surprising that humans when under stress have their bodies adapt to that stress. We are the most malleable organism on the planet, it's what got us where we are. On a primitive level, if your body is coursing with corticosteroids and "cortico-similars", then of course it's going to try to preserve nutrition for another day, draw calcium from bones, etc. That "soup" of steroids is definitively going to alter how you think, You are in survival mode after all. Stress from a job can kill you, this is why. I'm simplifying, systems are interconnected, etc. But the basic principle applies. Your health is more than keeping "bad" germs away. In fact, germ theory is positively archaic. A useful guideline in the jungle, but since then, we've figured out that we can pit microscopic organisms against one another. They work faster, have specialized proteins that can efficiently do what a factory cannot, and n i g g e r s are outdated, obsolete, farm equipment. Thank you for your time, and fuck the lameness filter.
I am unfortunately not an expert in this area, but a sample of 15 people seems pretty small. Just wonder if anyone would be able to tell whether this research is based on a sufficient sample size. Thank you very much if anyone could supply some insights to this!
Why is it every time the nature vs nurture argument comes up, the strongest proponents always seem to argue the two extremes. That everything is up to nature (your genes, hormones, etc), or everything is up to nurture (your character, work ethic, morals, etc)?
Can't people for a moment entertain the possibility that all of these factors contribute to individual behavior? Yes, life deals some people a better set of cards than others. But that doesn't mean you have no control. You still get to decide how well or poorly you play those cards. I was hard-wired to be extremely acrophobic. When I was a child, I couldn't even stand on a second floor balcony. But I didn't just accept that as my fate. I worked against it, exposing myself to heights and gradually acclimating myself to situations which triggered the fear. I still get anxious with heights, and avoid exposing myself to it unnecessarily. But I no longer turn into a puddle of goo just from being a couple stories up.
Obesity is a great example. No we shouldn't tease people for being overweight. But neither should we pretend that it's acceptable. It's one of if not the biggest health risk most people face today. And the campaign against fat shaming seems to have overshot its mark, and is now killing people by making it socially acceptable to be fat.
This has already been studied and is common knowledge to a great many people. You wouldn't be mocked so mercilessly by others if you could put your youthful and ignorant hubrus aside and actually do some research so that your 'findings' don't make you sound so stupid.
Yes, but now watch people seize on this as if it overturns conservation of mass. Portion control is a fundamental part of any diet.
If I weigh 99 kg and I eat 1 kg, then step on the scale, I will weigh 100 kg. No genetics, ability to store fat, or whatever will change that. It doesn't matter if I eat rice or pizza or whatever, that won't change. The only part it does change is how much of that we eliminate.
New Mass == Current Mass + Intake - Outtake
Intake:
This is simply the mass of all the food and water we take in. Yes, maybe you can get dust particles stuck in your lungs too or minor sources of mass like that, but not enough to notice on the scale.
Outtake:
The obvious ways we lose mass are to pooping and peeing, and this part is influenced by genetics and whatnot (e.g. some people store more of the food & water). But we also lose mass due to respiration (we take in O2 and exhale CO2, that carbon has mass) and sweat.
It should be obvious to anyone looking at the equation that you cannot gain more weight than you intake. So eating 1 kg of food will never increase my mass by more than 1kg. Maybe my body will retain 550g of that vs. someone else who retains 500g, but nobody will ever gain 2 kg from eating 1 kg of food.
Having watched more than a few "fat phobia" videos, I can assure you that this is by no means obvious and you have people who eat "healthy" meals of 5 kg of vegetables or something and wonder why they still gain weight. I'm currently visiting a country where the places most people eat lunch weigh your plate to decide what to charge you. There are almost no fat people here. I don't think it's coincidental and it's too diverse to believe that everyone won the genetic lottery.
It's hard to change portion sizes, but I have found that fasting on weekdays and having the weekend for cheat days worked well, though it was quite painful. YMMV.
Calories eaten and absorbed minus calories burnt from exercise and resting metabolism will be stored as fat, sure.
Calories eaten is under everyones voluntary control. I'm not sure what your point is here.
His point is that the sentence is running for a bit longer than that.
Yes, "calories eaten", i.e.: things that you put into your mouth and chew on is more or less under voluntary control (though might be influenced by impulsive behaviours, etc.)
But then you don't necessarily control how much of what's in there will get absorbed by the body. (though you can slightly influence the body's ability to uptake stuff, by changing the mix of what you eat. e.g.: Food's content of fiber has an influence of how fast it goes through your gut).
You can voluntarily decide to burn some calories by doing exercice, but you don't have a direct control of how much the body will decide to burn for the rest.
Some might have indirect influence (doing lots of exercice on a regular basis, body will use more energy to make and maintain muscle mass, even while you rest), (your body burn calories to maintain temperature and you can influence that), but there are tons of other processes, where the body could decide to burn energy instead of storing it long term, on which you don't have lots of direct control.
That what the " {food eaten} - {calories burned} = {remaining fat} " crowd doesn't get.s
When you look into the details, there are gazillion of various energy consuming processes going inside a body, most of which will have some impact on body mass distribution type, but which you can't directly control necessarily.
Your basic mistake boils down to thinking of the body as a "bathtub" model : water (=food) goes in through the faucet (=eating), water (=burned calories) goes out through the drain (=exercice), the balance determine how much water there's in the tub (=fat storage).
It's a bit too oversimplified.
Something more realistic would be to imagine it as a conveyor belt. The belt rolls from your mouth (and the food on your plate) to the ass hole (and your toilet).
Along the way there are dozens of worker on station, sometime picking things up (absorbing), sometime putting things down (excreting) and most of the time passing stuff among each other.
Fat is just one guy making a pile of reservers, when instructed so (= include influence of tons of hormonal messages), and who can occasionally handle out packs or reserve whenever/if asked so by other guys working on the same chain.
Physical effort is just one of the client that might request reserves from the fat guy.
"Sufficiently advanced satire is indistinguishable from reality." - [Tips: 1DrYakQDKCQ6y52z6QbnkxHXAocMZJE61o ]
Eat right, Excercise and DIE ANYWAY!
Poor sleep - all the calls and texts from your bosses are disturbing your sleep habits, interfering with your life *outside* work, leaving you stressed out while you do sleep.
Tell your bosses that you can't answer after hours, because it's making you fat. (And how fat are your bosses, anyway?)
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The changes I want to see require both personal dedication and broader social dedication. Most people have neither. When I was younger I thought I might be able to elicit broad societal changes from within the system. But by the 00s it became apparent that unless society as a whole wants it to, broad change isn't going to happen. And unlike in the past, the common people are unnecessary for their labor, making it easier and easier for higher echelons to replace them with automation.
Given a society focused on benefitting the whole, a comprehensive collection of both blue collar and white collar skills, it should be more than possible today to create a society with the majority of energy production, food production, and manufacturing free up, leaving the citizenry to creative endeavors or a specific subset of difficult to automate subjects, like resource discovery, analysis and extraction, and technical research for future subjects. Both of these subjects will result in one off manufacture better left to humans before a finalized and automated design is available for production, leaving people who want to be useful jobs to be useful in, and leaving the broader society the opportunity to enjoy working in niches that normal society often didn't pay for. Like a lot of internet content produced by people outside of upwardly mobile job niches.
a computer, much less know how to use them. If they have a smart phone it's because they needed a cell and that's what the guy at the shop gave them. Some folks are just at their limits. It doesn't help that they're continuously fed a stream of misinformation in order to exploit them for votes.
And, well, furriners did take a lot of jobs. Outsourcing is a thing and it's eroded the manufacturing base. If you're a blue collar guy you lost a lot of construction work to Mexicans here illegally. Same as white collar programmers lost jobs to Indians overseas and here on H1-Bs. If anything the blue collar guys have more reason to be frustrated. At least we're losing our jobs to legal immigrants...
Moreover there's almost no attempt to discuss the real job killer: automation. In 40 years America has doubled it's manufacturing output while decreasing the number of jobs by 2/3rds (go look up the John Oliver piece on trade wars). And nobody will talk about this because the only possible solution is socialism.
The ruling class doesn't want that. And to be honest the working class doesn't really either... except for themselves. I can't tell you how many ex-military guys I know who are deeply opposed to redistributing wealth but are also counting on a fat gov't pension and VA supplied single payer health care. And these aren't war heroes missing limbs. They're they guys who put shit on planes and took shit off planes. I'm not saying they don't deserve those things. I'm saying _everyone_ deserves those things. But I'll be damned if I know how to get people to believe that and act on that belief...
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$other_person has an easier time staying skinny than you. Lucky them.
Yup, I personally happen to have a broken thyroid gland (which can have very real impact on weight uptake).
But I don't complain, I just compensate it properly so I can stay fit despite it.
and you can absolutely prevent yourself from gaining weight
Yes, you can indeed DO stuff to help staying away from morbid obesity...
by not eating more than you burn.
Even if you feel a conservation of energy explanation, is too simple, it doesn't make it wrong.
And there lies the problem.
By oversimplifying, you're reducing all overweight people to cry babies who simply lack the self discipline to not eat 2 gallon-sized buckets of mayonnaise per day, and the only step they walk in a day are to reach their car (and/or to their segway).
And that to even consider anything but "eat less" is just a lame excuse that the "fatties" are making up to avoid putting any effort into it.
That's not the proper way to do it.
If you have weight problems, the proper way is to talk to your doctor, let him eventually - according to needs - address you to a nutritionist. Or an endocrinologist if he thinks it's necessary. etc.
You need to take everything into account and get the best approach adapted to the person (instead of just blaming them).
But that requires actually having a functional public health system. Oh, yeah, I forgot what you had in the US.
"Sufficiently advanced satire is indistinguishable from reality." - [Tips: 1DrYakQDKCQ6y52z6QbnkxHXAocMZJE61o ]
If your excuse is that fat fucks magically get double energy from the regular calories regular people eat,
No, I'm arguing that the amount of fat you store is only a small amount compared to all the calories in the food.
There's a lot of these calories which will end up elsewhere (which includes, spending more energy (re)building/repairing the body, or even simply wasted).
Some people have slightly broken metabolism which might lead to slightly more fat storage that others.
Blaming these people be calling them "fat fucks" won't help.
The proper way would be to get adapted professional advice, from real specialists (instead of listening to internet trolls).
and I don't try to put 22 gallons in my Ducati. Not all at once anyway.
But your motorbike will mostly spend the gaz on propulsion, whereas you car can have a significantly drop in mileage if the alternator is solicited more by, e.g., a running A/C.
Changing the input (gaz poured in) and the output (pushing the gaz pedal) won't affect both vehicle the same.
Body biochemistry is complicated. Again, seek advice of a real professional.
"Sufficiently advanced satire is indistinguishable from reality." - [Tips: 1DrYakQDKCQ6y52z6QbnkxHXAocMZJE61o ]