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Climate Change Will Cause Beer Shortages and Price Hikes, Study Says (vice.com)

A new study from Nature Plants has identified the one climate-related issue that can unite people from myriad political backgrounds -- beer. From a report: Led by Wei Xie, an agricultural scientist at Peking University, the paper finds that regions that grow barley, the primary crop used to brew beer, are projected to experience severe droughts and heat waves due to anthropogenic climate change. According to five climate models that used different projected temperature increases for the coming century, extreme weather events could reduce barley yields by 3 to 17 percent. Barley harvests are mostly sold as livestock fodder, so beer availability could be further hindered by the likely prioritization of grain yields to feed cattle and other farm animals, rather than for brewing beer.

The net result will be a decline in affordable access to beer, which is the most commonly imbibed alcoholic beverage in the world. Within a few decades, this luxury may be out of reach for hundreds of millions of people, including those in affluent nations where breweries are a major industry. Price spikes are estimated to range from $4 to over $20 for a standard six-pack in nations like the US, Ireland, Denmark, and Poland.

42 of 317 comments (clear)

  1. Main concern by theurge14 · · Score: 5, Funny

    Yes, that's the thing I was worried about with climate change.

    1. Re: Main concern by habig · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Yeah, no shit... not to mention, alcohol has driven a lot more people apart than it has brought together.

      Actually, there's an archaeological case to be made that the switch from humans as hunter-gatherers to humans as farmers was because of beer. At least, this is one interpretation of the fact that evidence of brewing is a common feature of many of the earliest farming communities. And thus, bringing everyone together in this "civilization" thing.

      Of course, even if the motivation was Sumerian bros looking for keggers, the useful side effects (steady source of food, source of water that won't kill you because up till recently the only way to get antiseptic water was brew up the alchohol content or boil something (tea, coffeee)) certainly made the farming thing stick.

    2. Re: Main concern by jeff4747 · · Score: 2

      You don't need the alcohol to work as an antiseptic. You need it to work as a preservative. And it works as a preservative at a far lower concentration than as an antiseptic.

      After all, that's why things like beer and wine top out at a relatively low alcohol concentration - the alcohol starts killing the yeast.

    3. Re:Main concern by hey! · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Well, this is the reason so many people focus on extremely unlikely consequences, like human extinction or the complete collapse of civilization. You just can't get most people to focus on the likely consequences, even some pretty serious ones, because twenty or thirty years in the future they seem trivial. Some people can't get their asses in gear unless they're facing catastrophe.

      If complete catastrophe were likely, then even the people bankrolling the denialist movement would be concerned. But it's not. There will still be beer, coffee, beef and holiday resorts in a world that's 2C warmer, and if those things cost a lot more, they're counting on making enough money now by externalizing their costs that it wont' matter to them.

      It's basically a scheme to transfer wealth, one that exploits most peoples' present bias.

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    4. Re: Main concern by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Funny

      Once the Democrats finally take over, we will only be drinking victory gin in between 15 minute hates. So who cares about beer? Things will be double plus good then.

    5. Re: Main concern by Hognoxious · · Score: 4, Interesting

      The first part of the beermaking process is boiling the grain to extract the sugars. As a convenient side-effect it kills most nasty germs.

      Skunking is caused by exposure to light altering the alpha-acids, it's nothing to do with whether it's safe or not. If it's really off it will smell of vinegar, cheese and puke in various charming combinations.

      --
      Confucius say, "Find worm in apple - bad. Find half a worm - worse."
    6. Re: Main concern by lgw · · Score: 2, Interesting

      There's plenty of dangerous bacteria that can survive the alcohol concentration of beer. The key is that you'll know, because they'll run wild consuming the beer. Even if you water down the beer to below 1% ("small beer"), as was typical for most drinking, as long as you give it a while you'll know the new mix is safe.

      --
      Socialism: a lie told by totalitarians and believed by fools.
    7. Re:Main concern by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Insightful

      "In 2017, US had largest decline in CO2 emissions in the world for 9th time this century"

      "U.S. carbon dioxide emissions in 2017 fell by 42 million tons compared with the previous yearâ"a bigger drop than any other country"

      In contrast Europeâ(TM)s carbon dioxide emissions rose 92 million tons, or 2.5 percent. That includes increases in France (2 percent), Germany (0.1 percent), and Spain (7 percent). Carbon emissions rose in a majority of European countries last year, (This is based on data collected by the EU)

      "Asia's growing economies contributed about two-thirds of the global increase in carbon emissions, the IEA found"

      "China, the worldâ(TM)s biggest polluter, saw an increase of 119 million tons, or 1.6 percent. while Canadaâ(TM)s also rose 3.4 percent.

      If you dispute these statistics do a little research and you will see the same statistics being supported by the commercial sector, government sector, and various climate scientists from across the political spectrum.

      Seems like someone is taking climate change seriously in the US. And the US didn't need an international treaty to do so. I see people from all around the world waiting for the US to solve the problem for them. The various US administrations didn't want to sign up for the Paris Climate treaty because hidden underneath the high and mighty rhetoric and goal setting was the obliged the US to provide the aid money to help countries meet their pledged reductions. And all the negotiators, activists, and politicians making these grandiose emission reductions will most likely not be around in 25 years to see if any country had fulfilled the promises made in the treaty. There was no mention on how to enforce the dictates contained within the treaty. With no enforcement mechanism any agreement or treaty is worthless. And like the UN the US was going to be expected to absorb the largest percentage of any under lying costs related to the treaty.

    8. Re: Main concern by Dread_ed · · Score: 2

      Yeah, about that...

      People went from gathering abundant and easily sourced food for a couple of hours a day to working in fields for 12 hours a day.

      A bad trade if you research it.

      --
      When the only tool you have is a claw hammer every problem starts to look like the back of someone's skull.
    9. Re: Main concern by geekmux · · Score: 4, Funny

      Yeah, no shit... not to mention, alcohol has driven a lot more people apart than it has brought together.

      While I do not dismiss your fact, you obviously haven't thought this through.

      If you think a world full of drunks is hard to deal with, imagine a world full of sober people.

    10. Re: Main concern by Ranbot · · Score: 3, Insightful

      The first part of the beermaking process is boiling the grain to extract the sugars. As a convenient side-effect it kills most nasty germs.

      Skunking is caused by exposure to light altering the alpha-acids, it's nothing to do with whether it's safe or not.

      ^^ He's got it. The boiling part of making beer is what made beer safer to drink than water in medieval times. People then didn't understand why at the time, but they did notice people who drank more beer got sick less than people who drank more water.

      ...If it's really off it will smell of vinegar, cheese and puke in various charming combinations.

      Even then drinking it usually won't sicken or kill someone like fecal coliform or dysentery commonly found in medieval water supplies. In fact, most medieval beer probably was sour to some degree by natural bacteria/yeasts in floating through the air or from the wood of the barrels beer was stored in and would have been considered normal.

    11. Re: Main concern by jeff4747 · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Sure it does. You're not disinfecting. You're restricting growth. Doesn't take much alcohol (and competition from yeast) to do that.

    12. Re:Main concern by hey! · · Score: 2

      A 2C rise in global temperature would INCREASE agricultural land and reduce the % of people who die from cold.

      (a)Nope and (b) Yep, but more people die from heat and drought.

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  2. Math Seems Very Odd by Gaggme · · Score: 5, Insightful

    A 3-17% yield decrease leads to a 80-350% increase in price? Call me skeptical, but this seems a bit out of band.

    --
    My ignorance is a perfect shield against your logic.
    1. Re:Math Seems Very Odd by religionofpeas · · Score: 4, Insightful

      It's even worse, because the price of beer is only in a very small part determined by price of barley. Relative increase in price for beer should be much less than 3-17%.

      Also, it's pretty much guaranteed that crop yield will improve more than 17% through clever engineering between now and 2100.

    2. Re:Math Seems Very Odd by ShanghaiBill · · Score: 4, Informative

      Barley is currently selling for about $4 per bushel.

      A bushel of barley weighs about 60 lbs.

      A pint of beer uses about 1.5 ounces of grain.

      $4/bushel / 60 lbs/bushel / 16 ounces/lb * 1.5 ounces = $0.00625.

      So the barley in a pint of beer costs a bit less than a cent.

    3. Re:Math Seems Very Odd by Trailer+Trash · · Score: 2

      A 3-17% yield decrease leads to a 80-350% increase in price? Call me skeptical, but this seems a bit out of band.

      Not only that, as the climate warms other areas are able to grow barley and will do so. Nothing will change except a certain farm will no longer be able to grow barley and another one will be able to do so that couldn't before.

  3. A few things... by Strider- · · Score: 4, Interesting

    The types of Barley you use for beer making is completely different than animal feed. Animal feed is 6-row barley (ie on the grain head, there are six rows of seeds) while the barley used for beer is 2 row. (ie two rows of seed). This is mostly because 6 row has far more flavour involved chemicals in it, whereas 2 row is a much cleaner slate, suitable for things other than dark ales.

    --
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    1. Re:A few things... by HornWumpus · · Score: 2

      No, not beer.

      Also not beer if made with wheat, corn or rice sugar (looking at American can piss).

      Beer is made with malted barley, water, hops, yeast and NOTHING ELSE.

      --
      John McAfee 'It was like that time I hired that Bangkok prostitute; to do my taxes, while I fucked my accountant'
    2. Re:A few things... by c · · Score: 5, Informative

      The types of Barley you use for beer making is completely different than animal feed.

      Both 6-row and 2-row could be used for making beer, depending on the type of beer, manufacturing process, and how stringent your definition of "beer" is. But the distinction isn't important... in the big picture, both types of barley need similar growing conditions and hence are competing for the same chunks of land. Farms will plant whatever gets them the best money, so a decrease in optimal barley growing space means either beer or meat will get more expensive.

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    3. Re:A few things... by HornWumpus · · Score: 2

      Drink whatever you want. But don't call it beer. It's a 'cereal malt beverage', like Zima, Spoors and Buttweiser.

      --
      John McAfee 'It was like that time I hired that Bangkok prostitute; to do my taxes, while I fucked my accountant'
    4. Re:A few things... by Hognoxious · · Score: 3, Funny

      The original purpose of the Reinheitsgebot was as much to do with reserving wheat to be used for bread (so the peasants didn't starve) as it was about beer quality.

      Currently, it serves the function of a pretentious twat detector, which it does rather well.

      Ironically, if you follow it to the letter what you're going to get is a blandish lager, much closer to closer to American piss beer than to Paulaner, Guinness, Hoegaarden or Chimay.

      --
      Confucius say, "Find worm in apple - bad. Find half a worm - worse."
  4. Go vegan! by TeknoHog · · Score: 3, Funny

    Barley harvests are mostly sold as livestock fodder, so beer availability could be further hindered by the likely prioritization of grain yields to feed cattle and other farm animals, rather than for brewing beer.

    Another good reason to stop eating meat.

    --
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    1. Re:Go vegan! by religionofpeas · · Score: 3, Interesting

      It's not a choice. Have less kids or no kids AND become vegan

      Have less kids, become a vegan, don't have pets, don't drive, don't heat your house, and commit genocide. There's a lot more you can do.

    2. Re:Go vegan! by CanHasDIY · · Score: 2

      It's not a choice. Have less kids or no kids AND become vegan

      Have less kids, become a vegan, don't have pets, don't drive, don't heat your house, and commit genocide. There's a lot more you can do.

      Like commit suicide - once you're dead, you stop polluting.

      What? Are you dedicated to the cause of environmentalist or not?

      --
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  5. Re:So What? by HornWumpus · · Score: 4, Interesting

    I like Tsingtao, so I tried another brand of Chinese beer. 'Sing Ha' (not the Thai malt liquor, the Chinese beer. Both apparently anglicise to almost the same name.)

    Tried one, didn't finish it. Just awful.

    Mentioned how bad it was to a couple of Chinese coworkers...their reaction...That's made with Shanghai city water, it will give you cancer, don't drink it. They're selling that in the USA? How is that possible?

    This was a long time ago, 'poisonous chinese beer' ship has sailed.

    --
    John McAfee 'It was like that time I hired that Bangkok prostitute; to do my taxes, while I fucked my accountant'
  6. Re:100% backwards by DDumitru · · Score: 2

    While your "logic" seems OK, I have no reason to doubt the author's research on the specific regions that produce barley. Actual, local, modeling is far more likely to produce accurate results that global ideas. I am not saying that your overall approach is wrong. If the author's research only looks at current locations for barley and what would happen to them, then that research is correct, but the conclusion is flawed. If the research also looks at new areas that can start to grown barley, then it would be reasonable methodology.

    My real problem with the author is the lack of an economic model for the pricing spikes. Price spikes like this don't tend to happen unless the shortage is extreme. Pulling 10% from a source will not be prioritized to some other "more noble" product like animal feed. The market will use the product by whoever can pay the most for it. If beer production is impacted and price doubles, then beer production can pay a lot more, and the price will level out long before it doubles. Perhaps this is a bias based on "centrally controlled" economies. I don't think German barley farmers could be "told" to not sell to beer producers by the German or EU government, even if the government wanted to.

  7. Maybe the SCOTUS will come around now? by damn_registrars · · Score: 2, Funny
    --
    Damn_registrars has no butt-hole. Damn_registrars has no use for a butt-hole.
  8. Re:If Dying in extream weather isn't a motivation. by jellomizer · · Score: 2

    I guess it would depend on the beer.
    America makes some good beers. I don't remember the last time I went to a party and someone actually served Budwiser or Coors beer. It was normally some sort of craft beer that actually has a a taste.

    --
    If something is so important that you feel the need to post it on the internet... It probably isn't that important.
  9. Re:love your Mother! by nitehawk214 · · Score: 3, Informative
    --
    I'm a good cook. I'm a fantastic eater. - Steven Brust
  10. Changing definition incorrect by SuperKendall · · Score: 4, Informative

    I guess you mean "rainforest".

    Incorrect. A rainforest is a SPECIFIC TYPE OF JUNGLE.

    Definiton, Jungle:

    "an area of land overgrown with dense forest and tangled vegetation, typically in the tropics."

    Definition, Rainforest:

    "a tropical forest, usually of tall, densely growing, broad-leaved evergreen trees in an area of high annual rainfall"

    I love how you claimed I really meant a totally different word than the one I used, then proceeded to base a whole argument around the word you changed to...

    You see, unlike you I have actually travelled to a lot of places around the Earth, so I have actually been in many different kinds of biomes (I included the link since you seem to have a problem, understanding the meanings of words)

    There are many jungles that exist on the edge of the ocean, that do not exist because it is "evaporating water out of its own area (unless you consider the ocean to be it's area??? Urgh.)". I am really, really curious in fact where you got the idea that even rainforests were some kind of totally self-contained ecosystem since that is not the case either (do you really think all of the water comes from the area the rainforest is in? Oh honey).

    Deserts work the exact same way. They are dry because they evapour the non existing water

    No. Mr "evapour" . You may want to study what makes a region desert (and I'll just assume you are thanking me now for learning there are different kinds of desert). Also wondering what makes you think even what you said in any way disputes my point that deserts are mostly geologically created features.

    Yeah ... Europe had 2 million inhabitants at that time ... perhaps less.

    That completely orthogonal point doesn't change the fact that regions of agricultural use expanded. Why would it? You seem to be utterly confused here to where what you are saying is complete nonsense.

    I'll let you have the last response, it was great to be able to use your very limited understanding of the world as an educational platform but you obviously have nothing intelligent to add to the conversation - I think we've extracted all of the learning points possible from you at this point so I don't see any point in reading what you have to say further.

    --
    "There is more worth loving than we have strength to love." - Brian Jay Stanley
    1. Re:Changing definition incorrect by jeff4747 · · Score: 2

      That completely orthogonal point doesn't change the fact that regions of agricultural use expanded. Why would it?

      Expanding population and advances in agriculture technology.

      It's not like overall yield was limited by temperature before.

      Also, your terrible analysis forgets one teensy-tiny little detail: The medieval warming period ended in 1250. Yet Europe kept continuing to expand agriculture. Kinda hard to do if the warming period was required to expand agriculture.

  11. Re:love your Mother! by dcooper_db9 · · Score: 3, Funny

    It's an interplanetary treaty thing. It can look, taste and smell exactly the same but you can't call it beer unless it came from Earth.

    --
    I do not block ads. I do block third party scripts.
  12. Where did you get the research was specific by SuperKendall · · Score: 2

    I have no reason to doubt the author's research on the specific regions that produce barley.

    They aren't using research on specific regions, the paper says they are using CMIP5 for future predictions, which is very non-specific (by the way that link is the closest I could find for what they were trying to link to, since the link in the paper itself is actually broken).

    They may know a lot about the regions producing barley but as far as I could tell didn't have a very strong explanation for predictions they were giving as to changes in that region.

    Am I the only one who tried to read the paper? It doesn't seem like a greta paper and the links they use for further evidence are not at all specific.

    --
    "There is more worth loving than we have strength to love." - Brian Jay Stanley
  13. Re:100% backwards by dywolf · · Score: 2

    2 years later, you're still posting the same wrong things.

    --
    The guy who said the election was rigged won the presidency with the second-most votes.
  14. Re:As if prior alarmism didn't backfire... by ShanghaiBill · · Score: 4, Insightful

    The sad thing is, those of us that really would like to take issues like this seriously wind up getting lumped in with the hysterical Chicken Littles.

    Indeed. TFA is Chicken Littleism at its worst. It is based on ridiculous assumptions. It assumes that barley will still be grown in the same fields. Obviously, as the climate changes the "barley belt" will shift northwards. It assumes that using barley as livestock feed will take priority over brewing, which is unlikely. Lastly, it assumes that the cost of barley is a significant factor in the price of beer. The barley in a pint of beer costs less than a cent.

  15. What a crazy mixed up world by petes_PoV · · Score: 2

    so beer availability could be further hindered by the likely prioritization of grain yields to feed cattle and other farm animals, rather than for brewing beer.

    Dumbest set of priorities ever!

    --
    politicians are like babies' nappies: they should both be changed regularly and for the same reasons
  16. Re:As if prior alarmism didn't backfire... by ShanghaiBill · · Score: 2

    the soil up there may not be nearly as fertile

    Or it may be more fertile. I can't find anything about barley specifically, but wheat has higher yields per acre in the northern part of its range (average of 46 bushels/acre in the USA, but 49 in Canada).

    the temperature swings will be wild

    Barley is frost tolerant.

    with short turbulent growing seasons...

    The whole point of shifting north is that the growing seasons are getting longer. Also the hours of summer daylight needed for photosynthesis increases as you go north.

  17. Re:As if prior alarmism didn't backfire... by ShanghaiBill · · Score: 2

    I like beer :-)

    Really? Do you know Brett?

  18. Re:As if prior alarmism didn't backfire... by TomGreenhaw · · Score: 2

    Not that I can recall :-)

    --
    Greed is the root of all evil.
  19. Past performance in biology is not indicator by aepervius · · Score: 3, Interesting
    That should be a mantra for you "Past performance in biology is not indicator of future performance". To convince yourself take yield before the haber revolution to a few year after and project to what yield we have by now. To make a more clear example, the potatoe yield since 1990 has stayed the same in UK : 40 tons per hectare, after an incredible increase it stayed stable (15 ton per hectare in 1885 , then nearly 80 years later it stayed at 20 tons per hectare, then jumping doubling until 1990). The fact is that such agricultural increase happens by steps, and there is no guarantee of a future steps up. If you want another example, our life expectancy exploded due to easy steps to do, but barely moved up in the last 20 years (in the western world). So to answer this :

    Also, it's pretty much guaranteed that crop yield will improve more than 17% through clever engineering between now and 2100

    no, it isn't guaranteed, and in some case there could be a reversion as some crop/vegetable need a certain medium low stable temperature which could actually with a more chaotic continental climate, not be a given, and thus in some case we could have for certain country a lower yield.

    --
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  20. Re:As if prior alarmism didn't backfire... by HornWumpus · · Score: 2

    If it has corn in it, it's not beer by definition.

    You are thinking of Buttwieser.

    --
    John McAfee 'It was like that time I hired that Bangkok prostitute; to do my taxes, while I fucked my accountant'