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How Arthur C. Clarke Predicted We'd Communicate in the 21st Century (paleotronic.com)

beaverdownunder quotes Paleotronic: While researching for our magazine we sometimes find nuggets buried by time that have been forgotten by the Internet. This particular nugget was found in the May 1977 issue of Creative Computing. Science fiction author and futurist Arthur C. Clarke's predictions of the future are fascinating, both for what he got right, and what he got wrong.
Quoting Arthur C. Clarke: [W]hat about verbal inputs? Do we really need a keyboard? I'm sure the answer is "Yes." We want to be able to type out messages, look at them, and edit them before transmission. We need keyboard inputs for privacy, and quietness. A reliable voice recognition system, capable of coping with accents, hangovers, ill-fitting dentures and the "human error" that my late friend HAL, the computer from 2001, complained about, represents something many orders of magnitude more complex than a simple alpha-numeric keyboard. It would be a device with capabilities, in a limited area, at least as good as those of a human brain. Yet assuming that the curves of the last few decades can be extrapolated, this will certainly be available sometime in the next century....
Noting that he coined the phrase "Don't commute -- communicate!" Clark adds "We are already approaching the point when it will be feasible -- not necessarily desirable -- for those engaged in what is quaintly called "white-collar" jobs to do perhaps 95 per cent of their work without leaving home. Of course, few of today's families could survive this, but for the moment let's confine ourselves to electronic, not social, technology."

But he wasn't excited about the possibility of telepathy in the future. "I find that my mental processes are so incoherent...that I should be very sorry for anyone at the receiving end."

48 comments

  1. Re: Well it sure beats Twitter. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Ah well the conflations of the science-fiction writing class are clearly apparent. He had no need for an editor, but he had to typeset all his own works. And people wonder why he wrote stuff like this.

  2. "very sorry for anyone at the receiving end" by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    So, Facebook and Twitter?

    1. Re: "very sorry for anyone at the receiving end" by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Hmmm how to get the message out to the right place? Should I make a paper airplane and throw it out the door or the window or just yell my opinion out the window? Hmmmm.........

  3. Not hard to predict by gweihir · · Score: 2

    Written, time-delayed communication is as old as human civilization. The typewriter, end hence the keyboard is just a final improvement. Same for real-time voice communication, where the final improvement was to be able to do it over large distances. Seriously, it does take zero "vision" for such a prediction, just seeing what is is quite enough. And we will stay with these interface types, because they are what works.

    --
    Most ACs are not even worth the keystrokes to insult them. Be generically insulted by this and ignored otherwise.
    1. Re: Not hard to predict by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Ouch ok time for a nap

    2. Re:Not hard to predict by tlhIngan · · Score: 1

      The typewriter, end hence the keyboard is just a final improvement.

      Except he predicted quiet keyboards so one can enter their words in privacy. Today the trend is towards fancy mechanical keyboards with the top of the line ones turning "private typing" into a battlefield of machine guns.

      (yes, I jest).

  4. Ok already by AndyKron · · Score: 1

    People predict a lot of things. Where's that orbiting space wheel?

    1. Re:Ok already by ShanghaiBill · · Score: 5, Interesting

      People predict a lot of things.

      Arthur C. Clarke was far better at predicting than most people, especially about the future.

      Some things he predicted:
      1. Malware
      2. Tablets
      3. GEO comm sats
      4. Skype/Facetime
      5. Networked home computers
      6. Email
      7. Mobile phones
      8. Telecommuting

      Where's that orbiting space wheel?

      A space wheel is a good design. It is not Arthur's fault that we haven't built it yet.

    2. Re:Ok already by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      "A space wheel is a good design" For... what? Not really, it isn't. It makes everything much more complicated for the fiat of centripedal fake gravity. It also makes shielding and propulsion much, much more complex.

      And there's no evidence that the mild centripedal force would counteract the space bone mass attrition problem or anything like that even if all passengers were using it all the time, which isn't really possible anyway.

      It's interesting though, as fiction food for thought. It's not a design and it's NOT a simulation either, it's an illustration of what a design could be like. Maybe kinda sorta.

    3. Re:Ok already by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      OH, I'm SOOOO cool, I'm going to call Clarke by his first name.
       
      --ShanghaiRetard

    4. Re:Ok already by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      For a couple people like the ISS, it doesn't make sense, but for a long-term living environment, the economics likely change.

    5. Re:Ok already by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The economics are beyond anything we've ever done by a factor of 2^N, N being somewhere between plenty and loads.

      The logic is pretty straightforward. Shielding a torus ring from cosmic rays is a waste of shield area material for the volume protected. If people were going to live there full time it has to be the most protected area. Volumetric efficiency for bio-systems required for multi-year quasi-self-sustainment would want the largest internal volume possible for the given material required. If you're planning on rotating it on the central axis to achieve pseudo-"gravity" it doesn't require you be far from the axis, just your center of mass must be below/outside of it, to the same effect. So you don't need a torus, that just exposes more area and requires more, for no actual gain. All you need is something cylindrical (or spherical, aerodynamics do not apply in 'most' orbits..) at least several meters in diameter to make centripedal possible. Then you have to work out a much more complex propulsion/gyro system to keep it doing that without blowing jets constantly to achieve it, and drop it off at a Lagrange point. I was just saying the 2001 design obviously wasn't really a design, just a movie prop and visual entertainment in a movie that was possibly ahead of its time in terms of production value rather than truly novel ideas.

    6. Re:Ok already by 110010001000 · · Score: 1

      Shielding isn't a problem. You can setup a space factory and mine asteroids to create the shielding. This is a solved problem.

    7. Re:Ok already by phantomfive · · Score: 1

      It should be pointed out that by 1977, most of those had been invented.

      --
      "First they came for the slanderers and i said nothing."
    8. Re:Ok already by drinkypoo · · Score: 1

      People predict a lot of things. Where's that orbiting space wheel?

      NASA punted on building one out of space shuttle fuel tanks, so we don't have one.

      --
      "You're right," Fisheye says. "I should have set it on 'whip' or 'chop.'"
    9. Re:Ok already by AHuxley · · Score: 1

      Re
      4. Skype/Facetime
      5. Networked home computers
      8. Telecommuting

      Wonder how much a radar specialist would have seen and got access to during ww2 and just after ww2?
      1984 had telescreens.
      A lot was well understood at that time as far as national networks, TV and needed image quality.
      WW2 Germany had an early cable communication network.
      With an early "video" phone that connected a post office to a post office.
      A huge camera was used but the ability and network was in place.

      --
      Domestic spying is now "Benign Information Gathering"
    10. Re: Ok already by Arnold+Reinhold · · Score: 2

      Clarke predicted stuff long before 1977. He was the first to suggest using artificial satellites in geostationary orbit as communication relays, way back in 1945.

    11. Re:Ok already by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Arthur C. Clarke was far better at predicting than most people, especially about the future.

      Perhaps. But I have a perfect track record at predicting the past!

      Some things he predicted: ... 8. Telecommuting

      Out of how many? Throw enough crap at the wall and some is bound to stick. Ratio of correct predictions is way more impressive than raw numbers.

    12. Re:Ok already by Shotgun · · Score: 1

      Or....

      Setup a magnetic field around the ship. That's how the earth does it.

      --
      Aah, change is good. -- Rafiki
      Yeah, but it ain't easy. -- Simba
  5. post apocalyptic visionary by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    "Any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic."

    What we're missing is robots and technology made entirely from solid state electronics without any moving parts. According to the man, no machine may contain any moving parts.

    1. Re:post apocalyptic visionary by Mike+Frett · · Score: 2

      No moving parts? I had one of those as a kid. It was a great Teddy Bear. I miss it dearly...

    2. Re:post apocalyptic visionary by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I think you were probably the only one who considered that technology magic.

  6. Re: Well it sure beats Twitter. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    Oh he had an editor, and people never wondered at why he wrote what he did. In fact, the war crimes tribunal at the Hague after WWII had people thinking the same thing, long before he did. They (IBM to be specific) did real time translation from German to English and French using human machine translation backed up by humans (one of which was a great uncle of mine working for the British and American group).

    Stay safe and think encrypted thoughts....

  7. Facebook and Twitter by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    The 12st century version of trash television.

  8. What do you expect from a writer, though? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    We want to be able to type out messages, look at them, and edit them before transmission. We need keyboard inputs for privacy, and quietness.

    "And we'll do it all with just our thumbs. What, why are you looking at me like that?"

  9. A distinguished but elderly scientist by rossdee · · Score: 1

    He also predicted that we'd still be using PetaByte drives in 3001

    1. Re:A distinguished but elderly scientist by 110010001000 · · Score: 1

      He is pretty dumb. We will have petabyte drives real soon now.

    2. Re:A distinguished but elderly scientist by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      No, but we appreciate your enthusiasm for the future.

  10. water for shielding by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Shielding is all about mass - whether it's a tonne of water, a tonne of rock, a tonne of iron, or a tonne of lead - you need water to support life in space. You're going to spend fuel to get whatever you use as shielding to your space station, so why not bring something you can use.

    1. Re:water for shielding by 110010001000 · · Score: 1

      Exactly. Bring some water and use it for a shield.

    2. Re:water for shielding by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You're talking as if moving a huge amount of water through space in a hull as to make it a viable shield for the habitable portion has ever been done before. Nope, but we appreciate your enthusiasm for the future, sure.

  11. I love predictably thoughtless "problem solvers" by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    " This is a solved problem. " Nope. But I appreciate your enthusiasm for the future, sure.

  12. Re:I love predictably thoughtless "problem solvers by 110010001000 · · Score: 1

    We have factories on Earth and thus we can build factories in Space. It is easy. Just mine some asteroids and create the shielding you need.

  13. Re:I love predictably thoughtless "problem solvers by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Nope! But I appreciate your enthusiasm for the future, sure.

  14. Well, we DO still need a keyboard by Tony+Isaac · · Score: 2

    If you're trying to write code, or anything longer than a text message, you definitely still want to use a keyboard. Voice recognition has come a long way, but it's still a far cry less accurate than typing.

    1. Re:Well, we DO still need a keyboard by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Well sure it's a lot less accurate than typing, because when you are typing, you actually know what you're typing. Even the best voice recognition would have to read your mind in order to always know what you actually meant.

    2. Re:Well, we DO still need a keyboard by munch117 · · Score: 1

      It's not there yet, but it might not be far away. Combine voice recognition with something like Kite, and you could have a very productive way of entering code.

    3. Re:Well, we DO still need a keyboard by Tony+Isaac · · Score: 1

      Maybe. One problem will be that variable names are not words, they are made up, and often are a set of words strung together, often with random abbreviations. It's hard to imagine any voice recognition system being able to correctly spell such names correctly. I personally don't want to spell my variable names, letter by letter!

    4. Re:Well, we DO still need a keyboard by TeknoHog · · Score: 1

      To me, the keyboard is a thinking aid. It allows me to use/access different parts of the brain than to those I use while talking to people. I'm sure a lot of people are used to "thinking with their hands" while playing musical instruments or doing woodwork, for example.

      --
      Escher was the first MC and Giger invented the HR department.
    5. Re:Well, we DO still need a keyboard by Tony+Isaac · · Score: 1

      This is an excellent point! I hadn't considered this aspect before. One cannot effectively write code while listening to a person speaking, but it is possible to write code while listening to music. The same principle applies here.

  15. Siri doesn't suck all the time by tsa · · Score: 1

    I am often surprised about how well Siri understands me speaking Dutch to her. Even when I stutter or use the local accent or burp during talking she manages to understand me perfectly well most of the time. Oftentimes her answers to my questions are amazingly unusable though, which is a bummer of course.

    --

    -- Cheers!

  16. The future by BinBoy · · Score: 2

    In the 21st century, calls will be far more efficient because rotary phones will spin twice as fast. Computers will be so small they will fit in an ordinary two-car garage. You will be able to make calls from anywhere because there will be a phone booth on every street corner. High speed miniature printing presses in every home will make it possible to receive a book in a matter of days rather than 4 to 6 weeks. Low cost air conditioning will make it possible to have a cooling room in every neighborhood.

  17. white collar jobs by Osgeld · · Score: 1

    its cute the author is trying to shoehorn in telework or whatever nonsense its called this week at the end of a summary about communications, they obviously do not communicate much if they think a jarring subject change is acceptable, but I digress.

    Clarke was wrong on that point, the white collar jobs he speaks of, are not things people even do anymore, let alone from home ... those jobs have been replaced by software and automated systems decades ago. If you have a job where you can work from home, just keep in mind that its something that anyone could do, including software ... and the value you bring is almost nil cause no one knows you exist in the first place

  18. Who cares by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    What an old dead limey cracker shit "predicted".

  19. Ah, yes, telecommuting by Pseudonym · · Score: 1

    Clarke did not predict that since the 1970s, housing costs would rise faster than take-home pay.

    Back in the day, most middle class houses could afford a dedicated "den" room. Today, it is not economically feasible for most people to work from home most of the time. Certainly not in a manner that OH&S would allow.

    --
    sub f{($f)=@_;print"$f(q{$f});";}f(q{sub f{($f)=@_;print"$f(q{$f});";}f});
  20. Re:I love predictably thoughtless "problem solvers by IwantaWaffleIron · · Score: 1

    It is easy. Just mine some asteroids and....

    I have a feeling that the attitude "just mine some asteroids" might be a wee bit more complicated in practice. But I like the idea of working on an asterioid mining ship.