transcription is the process of producing things from DNA, in sequencing like they did you're reading the (static) strains of DNA - not its products. Proteins regulate the expression of DNA, i.e. its products like RNA and proteins - you're confusing the two. To make a comparison: transcription is like running a program to see which data is produced. The data in itself regulates in most software the control-flow of the program and this is your feedback loop. The DNA however is stored on disk, it degrades but isn't affected by transcription since it's not being read and executed.
The big achievement here is the defragmentation of all that DNA. DNA sequencing typically produces small fragments instead of huge sequences as is often suggested in popular literature. They piece this together with rules of thumb and overlap detection. FYI: the faster the technique for sequencing, the smaller the fragments. Newest techniques these days often produce fragments in the order of a few dozen to a hundred bases.
Second that, nothing is news in this report. Common knowledge on genetics is portrayed as fresh from the press. Probably every medium-size gene-annotation research facility, small or medium, has their private version of a gene database.
I'm talking about leverage. Apart from a bug-report, posting on an ill-designed forum or wading through incomplete documentation you don't have much options with linux.
The equipment you're working with probably comes from companies like Barco, Agfa, Siemens,... am I right ? The ones I saw in that field all ran proprietary software directly on the hardware or on a very thin proprietary OS. Which is why this equipment is so $-intensive (that, and medical research generally pays whatever bill you present them with).
1. Using algae for biofeuls isn't just throwing a bucket of them in a swimming pool in the sun and letting them multiply. This is what it looks like, but think square miles instead of square meters for something that produces a meaningful amount of biofeul.
2. With algae you're limited in energy: If you have 100 Watt of sunlight per sq meter you have output = efficiency*surface*Power_per_sq_meter of biofeul energy - on a sunny day. Biofeuls from algae are like solar energy, they waste as much space and are costly to setup and postprocess. You're very limited where you can start such a business, and most are near the equator - but we see that this leads to rediculous situations (cfr. chopping rainforests to plant biofeul mais)
With fungi the output depends on the size of your operation, which is determined by the size of your (underground) tanks. Visit your local brewery and look at the conveyor which pumps out gallon after gallon. It doesn't matter where the cellulose comes from: old newspapers, mountains of leaves in autumn, milkcartons, hippies,... Output = efficiency*input Important is that they're compact and can be constructed almost anywhere.
The world of proprietary OS makes a strict division between desktop and embedded. For MS there's the CE packages. There is "embedded hardware" with XP and 98, but they're really miniaturised desktop motherboards.
I've seen CE in robotics and lab equipment (oscilloscopes, vector analysers, EMC measurement,...). I've yet to encounter Linux in this world. I once asked the person responsible at my previous job about this and the answer was pretty simple: You pay a license, you get a service. With Linux you can't sue anyone if they fuck up. The Foss community sees this as a plus, but for these kind of applications the industry needs a lever in case things go bleep.
The beauty is that the time to production for fungi is very short. Same for research. Unlike the other past promises it'll be pretty quick to find out if it's a dud or not. Any Joe can actually isolate fungi, determine optimum medium recipe and start large-scale production in his basement for a few hundred dollars.
It's on the level of what (upper-middle class) university students in genetics get as assignment these days:
"Organism X produces a foul smell, isolate genes and replace with banana smell. Extra credits for pear smell."
Not kidding.
I agree that the vast majority is blahblah, allow me to explain why this one is different.
Virtually all biofuel techniques involve external power-sources:
- Algae require sunlight to photosynth, they rebuild more expensive & energetic molecules by taking useless molecules (CO2 & water) and energy (sunlight). This energy is released when we convert these molecules back to CO2 & water. Very fluffy & green and all that, but the light is the bottleneck.
- French fry grease is more of a cracking/refinery approach. You're just transforming molecules which look alike at a minimal cost, but it's BS
-Raw sewage: uses bacteria to convert biomass from shit to the more noble useful gasses like methane, which we can burn. Gas needs to be compressed, which is a big drain on the (already low) efficiency
So, what's up with this fungus? Well, fungi are a living kingdom apart. They can transform just about any organic matter into alcohol and CO2. They excel however at consuming cellulose - the structural building block in plants. This fungus skips a few steps which we would require to use fungi as a source of oil-like molecules. Secondly, fungi are often confused for plants but they're like bricks & plastic when you compare them. They don't require sunlight. They can be grown in liquid or solid media. And if you provide them with the right environment (a cellar wall, shower-curtain, wooden beam in your living room, wet concrete,...), they grow like mad. - beer, wine, wodka,... just put a right fungus is a bottle with some sugar and water and it starts making alcohol - but we can't use that alcohol because it's in water. Getting the alcohol out of the water takes too much energy - bread: the yeast they use is a fungus. Doesn't need light or exotic ingredients
Just take out the genes that make the diesel and put it in a standard yeast. The beer-industry does is every day.
that's used on a site that gets over a million visitors each day
WP isn't a video server, a very small amount of their pages contain moving images. They can have as many visitors a day as you want, they all go there for text & images. Youtube is the #3, is 100% video and not a bit of theora there.
and how does that change anything ? Browsers which don't support the html5 or theora (and don't run the script) need to be provided with an alternative.
I think that in theory, the "free" part could be extremely enticing
Did you have to pay for viewing flash or whatever other format ? Nobody I know had to. If "free" is the key-element in success of this format it'll be a failure, simple as that.
Slashdot Mirror
I have had it with these motherfucking spiders on this motherfucking space station!
a spider's thread of silk
a butterfly's wingbeat
better than fiction
transcription is the process of producing things from DNA, in sequencing like they did you're reading the (static) strains of DNA - not its products. Proteins regulate the expression of DNA, i.e. its products like RNA and proteins - you're confusing the two. To make a comparison: transcription is like running a program to see which data is produced. The data in itself regulates in most software the control-flow of the program and this is your feedback loop. The DNA however is stored on disk, it degrades but isn't affected by transcription since it's not being read and executed.
The big achievement here is the defragmentation of all that DNA. DNA sequencing typically produces small fragments instead of huge sequences as is often suggested in popular literature. They piece this together with rules of thumb and overlap detection. FYI: the faster the technique for sequencing, the smaller the fragments. Newest techniques these days often produce fragments in the order of a few dozen to a hundred bases.
GOLD !
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zn6Z9djh8eA
couldn't resist
Second that, nothing is news in this report. Common knowledge on genetics is portrayed as fresh from the press. Probably every medium-size gene-annotation research facility, small or medium, has their private version of a gene database.
Mod Parent Up
These were being sold in the first half of August for 10500$ - containing 2 of those cards. Only 3 months late.
... or a beam of photons that overdosed a region of tissue.
I'm talking about leverage. Apart from a bug-report, posting on an ill-designed forum or wading through incomplete documentation you don't have much options with linux.
The equipment you're working with probably comes from companies like Barco, Agfa, Siemens, ... am I right ? The ones I saw in that field all ran proprietary software directly on the hardware or on a very thin proprietary OS. Which is why this equipment is so $-intensive (that, and medical research generally pays whatever bill you present them with).
1. Using algae for biofeuls isn't just throwing a bucket of them in a swimming pool in the sun and letting them multiply. This is what it looks like, but think square miles instead of square meters for something that produces a meaningful amount of biofeul.
... Output = efficiency*input
2. With algae you're limited in energy: If you have 100 Watt of sunlight per sq meter you have output = efficiency*surface*Power_per_sq_meter of biofeul energy - on a sunny day. Biofeuls from algae are like solar energy, they waste as much space and are costly to setup and postprocess. You're very limited where you can start such a business, and most are near the equator - but we see that this leads to rediculous situations (cfr. chopping rainforests to plant biofeul mais)
With fungi the output depends on the size of your operation, which is determined by the size of your (underground) tanks. Visit your local brewery and look at the conveyor which pumps out gallon after gallon. It doesn't matter where the cellulose comes from: old newspapers, mountains of leaves in autumn, milkcartons, hippies,
Important is that they're compact and can be constructed almost anywhere.
The world of proprietary OS makes a strict division between desktop and embedded. For MS there's the CE packages. There is "embedded hardware" with XP and 98, but they're really miniaturised desktop motherboards.
...). I've yet to encounter Linux in this world. I once asked the person responsible at my previous job about this and the answer was pretty simple: You pay a license, you get a service. With Linux you can't sue anyone if they fuck up. The Foss community sees this as a plus, but for these kind of applications the industry needs a lever in case things go bleep.
I've seen CE in robotics and lab equipment (oscilloscopes, vector analysers, EMC measurement,
The beauty is that the time to production for fungi is very short. Same for research. Unlike the other past promises it'll be pretty quick to find out if it's a dud or not.
Any Joe can actually isolate fungi, determine optimum medium recipe and start large-scale production in his basement for a few hundred dollars.
It's on the level of what (upper-middle class) university students in genetics get as assignment these days: "Organism X produces a foul smell, isolate genes and replace with banana smell. Extra credits for pear smell." Not kidding.
By text & images I meant: text & images.
Digital media integration in WP is nearly all images, haven't seen video in pages that I visit apart from the main page.
and just because YouTube doesn't use Theora doesn't make it a bad codec. YouTube doesn't use XviD or H.264 either.
You're refuting a point I wasn't making. The point was that WP isn't a valid reference for this stuff.
BTW, do they still sell california sunshine in the U.S.?
I agree that the vast majority is blahblah, allow
...), they grow like mad. ... just put a right fungus
me to explain why this one is different.
Virtually all biofuel techniques involve external
power-sources:
- Algae require sunlight to photosynth, they
rebuild more expensive & energetic molecules by
taking useless molecules (CO2 & water) and energy
(sunlight). This energy is released when we
convert these molecules back to CO2 & water. Very
fluffy & green and all that, but the light is the
bottleneck.
- French fry grease is more of a
cracking/refinery approach. You're just
transforming molecules which look alike at a
minimal cost, but it's BS
-Raw sewage: uses bacteria to convert biomass
from shit to the more noble useful gasses like
methane, which we can burn. Gas needs to be
compressed, which is a big drain on the (already
low) efficiency
So, what's up with this fungus? Well, fungi are a
living kingdom apart. They can transform just
about any organic matter into alcohol and CO2.
They excel however at consuming cellulose - the
structural building block in plants. This fungus
skips a few steps which we would require to use
fungi as a source of oil-like molecules.
Secondly, fungi are often confused for plants but
they're like bricks & plastic when you compare
them. They don't require sunlight. They can be
grown in liquid or solid media. And if you
provide them with the right environment (a cellar
wall, shower-curtain, wooden beam in your living
room, wet concrete,
- beer, wine, wodka,
is a bottle with some sugar and water and it
starts making alcohol - but we can't use that
alcohol because it's in water. Getting the
alcohol out of the water takes too much energy
- bread: the yeast they use is a fungus. Doesn't
need light or exotic ingredients
Just take out the genes that make the diesel and
put it in a standard yeast. The beer-industry
does is every day.
that's used on a site that gets over a million visitors each day
WP isn't a video server, a very small amount of their pages contain moving images. They can have as many visitors a day as you want, they all go there for text & images. Youtube is the #3, is 100% video and not a bit of theora there.
So IE, for example, supports html5 from the box ?
"Mv_Embed is a javascript library ..." that's where I stopped reading.
43% of my visitors have javascript off.
Sorry, fail.
They're electing the guy who's best at being
elected today. Don't worry,it'll mostly affect
people that don't live in your country.
if anyone goes through with this, choose a video which contains:
- noise
- fire
- rain or snow
- smoke
These are the frames which have the highest amount of entropy and are easiest to visually illustrate the quality of a coder.
and how does that change anything ? Browsers which don't support the html5 or theora (and don't run the script) need to be provided with an alternative.
So, before Theora we had
...
<object width="x" height="y">
<param name="movie" value="somefilename.swf">
<embed src="somefilename.swf" width="550" height="400">
</embed>
</object>
and now we have
<!--[if IE]>
<object width="x" height="y">
<param name="movie" value="somefilename.swf">
<embed src="somefilename.swf" width="550" height="400">
</embed>
</object>
<![endif]-->
<!--[if !IE]>
<video src="somefilename.ogv"></video>
<![endif]-->
unless off course you're going for javascript, which means supporting non-javascript visitors.
The other way would be
<video src="somefilename.ogv">
<object width="x" height="y">
<param name="movie" value="somefilename.swf">
<embed src="somefilename.swf" width="550" height="400">
</embed>
</object>
</video>
Yes, I see, much better and less redundant.
Bill Perry (Adobeâ(TM)s Mobile and Devices group) is working on a release, just a matter of weeks to see flash on iPhone.
I think that in theory, the "free" part could be extremely enticing
Did you have to pay for viewing flash or whatever other format ? Nobody I know had to. If "free" is the key-element in success of this format it'll be a failure, simple as that.