Rosemary is actually a dude who sits on the bench in drag. She legally changed her name back before Clinton nominated her. Some say she was nominated because of a connection to Vince Foster.
This seems unlikely, given that she graduated from a Catholic University:
The islands are made of silt deposited by the river, and rise and fall depending or whether or not the river floods are depositing mud and building up islands faster than wave erosion and subsidence of the underlying plate are taking them down. The process is weather dependent, but weather is not the only significant force at work. The islands have come and gone before and will do so again.
That would be the FDR Administration, which, in several Supreme Court cases argued (apparently successfully) that the Interstate Commerce Clause in the Constitution gives the Federal Govt. the right to do almost anything, and that the 10th Amendment is irrelevant. Note that the 16th Amendment was passed in the early 20th century just to give the Federal Govt. the right to collect income tax. Today the US Treasury is buying up the US banking system, and no one questions whether the Federal Govt. has the right to do this.
An additional factor is the antennas on the cell phone towers. These are array antennas whose major pattern lobes are directed just below horizontal. After all, the density of potential customers in the mostly empty skies above is fairly low. This means that if you are flying above a few thousand feet, you are probably well into a high attenuation part of the antenna patterns of cell towers close to you, and at too great a range for reception from cell towers farther away, which would be at a lower antenna pattern elevation angle.
The Slim Devices Squeezebox (http://www.slimdevices.com)can use either wired or wireless network interfaces to your computer. It has its own open source server software, SlimServer, that runs on PC, Mac, or Linux, and can use either iTunes or other music libraries. However, it doesn't yet play the Apple Music Store formatted files, so you'll have to rerip them to a non-DRM crippled format.
Muliple Squeezeboxes can be set up to play either synchronously or independently. A remote control is provided that allows remote selection of the music from the location of the Squeezebox via the network.
This is exactly the issue with BPL. In order to get the bandwidth required by high speed networking while using the power lines as open wire transmission lines, the signals are spread over frequencies ranging from about 2 MHz thru 80 MHz and higher. As the power lines weren't designed to carry frequencies in this range efficiently, a lot of this energy will be radiated. Widespread usage of this technology could severly disrupt all high frequency communications, including amateur, military, emergency, and broadcast.
The US Federal Emergency Management Adminstration (FEMA) has issued a statement saying that its emergency communications networks are incompatible with BPL in its current configurations.
The 802.11 nodes are an attempt at a cheap solution to the problem that the high frequency BPL signals will not pass through the voltage step down transformers that convert the several kV line voltage on the power lines to the typical 230 V (center tapped) voltage that is provided to buildings. The poor security of these access points makes this configuration of BPL a double loser, susceptible to hacking and detrimental to existing communications networks.
The ultimate solution to this problem is to run fiber networks to the home. BPL is an attempt at a low cost quick solution to this problem, but it will potentially creat more problems than it solves.
That's just it. It is the shape and timing of the digital signals that determine their frequency spectra. The faster the current transitions (changes in direction) the broader the bandwidth contained. BPL signals used in tests in the US have broad power spectra that cover the range from around 2 MHz to 80 Mhz and above.
For DSL over telephone wire pairs, there are equal and opposite currents traveling over very closely spaced and twisted wire pairs, so the radiated RF fields from the pair tend to cancel to a high degree. This is not true with BPL, as overhead power line wires are broadly spaced to reduce conorna losses, and so the lines become very effective radiators at RF frequencies. There is no cost effective way to overcome this.
The examples you cite are not comparable. There aren't any efficient radiating current traces in PC chips or on PC motherboards, and the metal PC cases are designed to contain those RF fields that are generated.
The X10 protocol used in house wiring DOES generated radiated RF pulses when control signals are generated, but these have a very low duty cycle. People aren't continuously turning their lights on and off at 80 MHz rates. House wiring is generally via wire pairs that are less than 1/2 inch apart, so there is some field cancelation of the opposing broadband currents. Also, the broadband signals don't pass through the transformers that couple the house circuits to the power lines on the street, so the outdoor overhead wiring is not contributing to radiation os X10 signals. BPL has to install coupling amplifiers to route the broadband signals around any 60 Hz power transformers in the signal path.
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Rosemary is actually a dude who sits on the bench in drag. She legally changed her name back before Clinton nominated her. Some say she was nominated because of a connection to Vince Foster.
This seems unlikely, given that she graduated from a Catholic University:
http://www.trinitydc.edu/admissions/profiles/mayerscollyer68.html
There's lots of information available on the subsidence, via plate tectonics, of the Bay of Bengal, for exameple:
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6V6X-4B4PWYT-1&_user=10&_coverDate=02%2F02%2F2004&_rdoc=1&_fmt=high&_orig=search&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_searchStrId=1269324457&_rerunOrigin=google&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=098986c85bd272474f1579b29771b39c
The islands are made of silt deposited by the river, and rise and fall depending or whether or not the river floods are depositing mud and building up islands faster than wave erosion and subsidence of the underlying plate are taking them down. The process is weather dependent, but weather is not the only significant force at work. The islands have come and gone before and will do so again.
That would be the FDR Administration, which, in several Supreme Court cases argued (apparently successfully) that the Interstate Commerce Clause in the Constitution gives the Federal Govt. the right to do almost anything, and that the 10th Amendment is irrelevant. Note that the 16th Amendment was passed in the early 20th century just to give the Federal Govt. the right to collect income tax. Today the US Treasury is buying up the US banking system, and no one questions whether the Federal Govt. has the right to do this.
Sounds like Boeing's getting swift planed...
An additional factor is the antennas on the cell phone towers. These are array antennas whose major pattern lobes are directed just below horizontal. After all, the density of potential customers in the mostly empty skies above is fairly low. This means that if you are flying above a few thousand feet, you are probably well into a high attenuation part of the antenna patterns of cell towers close to you, and at too great a range for reception from cell towers farther away, which would be at a lower antenna pattern elevation angle.
So they can force more commercial advertising data through the link before you have a chance to hang up....
Finally, a computer keyboard with a morse key accessory!
The Slim Devices Squeezebox (http://www.slimdevices.com)can use either wired or wireless network interfaces to your computer. It has its own open source server software, SlimServer, that runs on PC, Mac, or Linux, and can use either iTunes or other music libraries. However, it doesn't yet play the Apple Music Store formatted files, so you'll have to rerip them to a non-DRM crippled format.
Muliple Squeezeboxes can be set up to play either synchronously or independently. A remote control is provided that allows remote selection of the music from the location of the Squeezebox via the network.
This is exactly the issue with BPL. In order to get the bandwidth required by high speed networking while using the power lines as open wire transmission lines, the signals are spread over frequencies ranging from about 2 MHz thru 80 MHz and higher. As the power lines weren't designed to carry frequencies in this range efficiently, a lot of this energy will be radiated. Widespread usage of this technology could severly disrupt all high frequency communications, including amateur, military, emergency, and broadcast.
The US Federal Emergency Management Adminstration (FEMA) has issued a statement saying that its emergency communications networks are incompatible with BPL in its current configurations.
The 802.11 nodes are an attempt at a cheap solution to the problem that the high frequency BPL signals will not pass through the voltage step down transformers that convert the several kV line voltage on the power lines to the typical 230 V (center tapped) voltage that is provided to buildings. The poor security of these access points makes this configuration of BPL a double loser, susceptible to hacking and detrimental to existing communications networks.
The ultimate solution to this problem is to run fiber networks to the home. BPL is an attempt at a low cost quick solution to this problem, but it will potentially creat more problems than it solves.
That's just it. It is the shape and timing of the digital signals that determine their frequency spectra. The faster the current transitions (changes in direction) the broader the bandwidth contained. BPL signals used in tests in the US have broad power spectra that cover the range from around 2 MHz to 80 Mhz and above.
For DSL over telephone wire pairs, there are equal and opposite currents traveling over very closely spaced and twisted wire pairs, so the radiated RF fields from the pair tend to cancel to a high degree. This is not true with BPL, as overhead power line wires are broadly spaced to reduce conorna losses, and so the lines become very effective radiators at RF frequencies. There is no cost effective way to overcome this.
The examples you cite are not comparable. There aren't any efficient radiating current traces in PC chips or on PC motherboards, and the metal PC cases are designed to contain those RF fields that are generated.
The X10 protocol used in house wiring DOES generated radiated RF pulses when control signals are generated, but these have a very low duty cycle. People aren't continuously turning their lights on and off at 80 MHz rates. House wiring is generally via wire pairs that are less than 1/2 inch apart, so there is some field cancelation of the opposing broadband currents. Also, the broadband signals don't pass through the transformers that couple the house circuits to the power lines on the street, so the outdoor overhead wiring is not contributing to radiation os X10 signals. BPL has to install coupling amplifiers to route the broadband signals around any 60 Hz power transformers in the signal path.