One would be to build a simulator that is accurate at the level of silicon, so that you can cross-compile and run binaries for this CPU on a non-native architecture. Another would be to look at some specific module within the core and re-use the code within an OpenCores project. A third would be to reverse this - take OpenCores code (or write your own) and generate a module that would work within the T2 and would provide functionality the developers might want. A fourth would be to produce a specialized version of the chip (rad-hardened, for example) without paying license costs. And so on.
Unless everyone in Minnesota is under 12, which I know isn't true (and my cousins there can put their clubs down now), you need to divide the amount available by the whole population. People don't stop learning when they stop going to school. How much the parents understand WILL impact how much the child understands. The State ends up educating the entire population, whether it wants to or not, and the entire population will educate the members within it. You need to deal with this at the system level and the network topology level, not at the level of individuals.
The State may not be responsible for a person above a certain age, but really that is neither relevant nor even strictly true. An educated workforce can do more with less than a dumb workforce, so the less able the employees are, the less there is produced and therefore the less revenue is generated for the company and therefore the less tax that is generated for the State. Ignorance is expensive, but it is much much harder to factor in the true cost of ignorance in society. It will be high, though.
Now, do I waste my time by pointing out the difference between students and population, or on pointing out that real-term costs must factor in both the increase in population (NOT the increase in students) and the rate of inflation?
Should I waste my time in noting that it is utterly unimportant how the US compares to other countries? A world of cavemen isn't substantially advanced by having one pool of slightly brighter cavemen. If some percentage of the population is not reaching their potential at school and then spends the rest of their life back-sliding into ignorance and mental decay, then what possible significance does it hold if other nations are worse?
Is it worth my while pointing out the number of managers who got promoted through the ranks but are now so far behind the curve that they are mentally incapable of management or intellectually capable of setting meaningful goals and objectives? Why do you think so many people hold management in contempt? It's not just the MBAs that are rotting from the insides of their skull out, it's anyone and everyone who is so focussed on the here-and-now that next week passed them by last year.
Show me an American who likes their long hours, the high job instability and the ignorance, and I'll show you a fruitcake who is probably in politics or management.
That's the total budget for the Department. Most of that is pre-allocated for infrastructure and other fixed costs. Subtract away all of the non-optional stuff and see what you get. Or just go directly to the discretionary spending budget and subtract the somewhat fewer overheads there before dividing by the population.
Here is the Department of Education's evil PDF summary of their budget. Figuring out the spending per person involves taking the total budget, subtract all the overheads they'd have to pay no matter how many people were educated and then divide by the population of the United States (260 million).
The work levels - I do not have anything solid there, I have to admit. It's accepted as a truism by Europeans that the increased cost of healthcare in America (double that of the UK, per capita, covered in a previous Slashdot story), the high levels of job dissatisfaction, the very high number of workplace shootings, the very high number of overweight slobs, the absurdly high number of drug addicts, the inability of America to pay more than a few months (at best) unemployment benefit, the total inability of 95% of the population to get out of the poverty trap, the rapid decline in attention span (games and TV are not the cause) and the obsession in American business with maximal production per unit time rather than optimal production per unit cost, are all a product of unhealthy and excessive work habits amongst Americans.
Some of the underlying theory of optimal vs maximal work may be found here.
Essentially you can collapse the whole thing into a single tier and one voting district. Each district would become overwhelmingly dominated by a single party/voice and therefore all representation is distorted at the lower levels. The whole system collapses in on itself until you reach a layer that is crudely proportional.
Frankly, I think that the only way to prevent abuse is to go to direct democracy. But that requires superior education. At the moment, the US spends $50 per person per year on education. This doesn't seem to be a whole lot. You'd certainly never reach the level of enlightenment required for a stable democracy. The US would also need more leisure time. That's when people get a chance to think and to mature. Besides, it's pretty well established that people will do more productive work on a 35-hour week than a 40+-hour one.
Yes. You must be new here. You see, the submit story form is tied to a hoarde of berserker wildebeasts that go into a feeding frenzy at the scent of factual information. If people write too informatively, the wildebeasts charge and rip the submitter into tiny pieces. Thus, it is vital for personal safety to omit enough critical facts that the wildebeasts do not respond.
America had one of those, once. It was called the NSF. Before that, they had another, called DARPA. Now, there's no denying that they both did a much better job of maintaining the network, improving bandwidth, building in suitable redundancy, etc, but apparently some idiot thought that a bunch of bandwidth-sucking cash-vampires would run it better. Which is why even old grannies in Socialist Europe get hundred gigabit pipes and Americans are lucky to get their cable modems to work at 56K in some parts of the country.
There was a sci-fi spoof released some time back, entitled "Do You Have a Licence to Save This Planet?" - we are rapidly getting to the point where such piss-takes are becoming reality. And yes, I do think that the broadcasters are really Cybermen in disguise.
I will need to explain some of the background. This footage will give you such of the essential information you will need to understand where the broadcasters are coming from.
PCI has become a switched network of sorts. You are potentially infringing by running the data from the CD-ROM drive into memory, and then a second time when you run the processed data out to the sound card!
(But those aren't shared devices! Oh yes they are. Well, if you're running PCI-e 2.1, or virtual machines, or have sharing enabled through the OS, or a myriad of other options.)
Oh yeah, this means that Plan 9 users will presumably need to have factorial the number of nodes in their system licenses for each CD and DVD they buy in order to play any CDs or DVDs at all, as hardware location is largely unimportant under that OS. And I dread to think of what happens to people who actually run Beowulf clusters...
How will they get away with such an obviously unfair, unreasonable and obnoxious burden on unconventional desktops? Well, it'll be very easy. Most users are ignorant of the capabilities of modern machines, most users are ignorant of the fact that modern computers ARE a home network, and so most users will assume it's someone else's problem, not theirs. Once a few precedents are set in court, the broadcasters can bill who they like what they like, with no fear of retribution and an almost total guarantee of winning in court. Ignorance - even of technology - is not a valid defence in the legal system, which is reasonable enough when not taken too far. Here, it could be exploited by gold-diggers to create a perpetual stream of income.
Would the judges go for it? If the attacks start with "obvious" targets and then move to subtler and subtler definitions of home network, provided they keep winning, they'll create case law. Judges don't necessarily understand technology too well, but they do understand case law very well. A clever enough team of lawyers could easily manufacture a legal understanding of what a network was that could include a cluster that could only ever act as a single machine, any PC with a PCI-e 2.1 bus, a box running VMWare or Xen, or anything else in which multiple "top level" devices (physical or virtual) can access a single data source.
...If they put THESE under the GPL, along with the T1, they'd be getting more press than they could imagine. If they used these a bit more aggressively - such as using them as a graphics processor on a PC - they'd be getting some amazing press. If they keep them locked in a server closet, it's only then that nobody will care.
This depends on how secure you want each disk. For basic security, all you need is for each entry written to disk to be digitally signed. An attack would then require obtaining the correct public key used for the digital signature. If you want to extend this, have a unique public key for each application or driver.
For more security, have each app sign the stuff and THEN have each server encrypt the data according to their key.
In a case like this, you might even want to get cryptographic hashes of the complete disk, say using Whirlpool and SHA-256, and place those on the next disk. As this becomes part of the content of the next disk, it alters that disk's hashes and is reflected on the disk after, and so on. So to change one disk requires changing ALL subsequent disks - an operation that rapidly becomes more expensive than it is worth.
I don't see what the fuss is about. If you write audit trails to a write-once medium, you can't alter it. And who cares if a database is alterable if you ensure that all transaction logs are dumped to write-once storage? After that, it's about as effective as saying a wiki can be altered.Sure, but you can also bring up any prior version.
Same with disks in general. If you copy the journals to a safe place before they get synced in, you can recover any and every intermediate state very rapidly.
All you need is an autoloader on a DVD writer that can take from a fresh stack and dump written disks to another stack. Once every N weeks, you get a truck and put the DVDs in safe storage.
This isn't a pure hardware solution - the transfers are all software - and it should be easy to write open source transfer software that handles all of this. We're not talking rocket science here.
Sequent's SHRIMP architecture was quite nice for this kind of work. (And you won't hear me say a whole lot nice about Sequent, having worked under Tim Witham - yes, the former OSDL guy - for some time.) The DoD was also developing with DARPA the iWarp engine. Download a copy of the report before it gets deleted by paranoid Homeland Insecurity guys!:)
I also saw a lot of self-organizing work on the Transputers. These were fairly low-power processors (but respectable for the time) that could be trivially wired into a mesh as large as you like. Processes could be divided by the hardware pretty much as the hardware liked. Both code and data could also be declared MOBILE.
No, people can be told almost anything, as TV and radio demonstrate on a continual basis. Making them destroy their private property is another matter, but if some technology X is decreed illegal, then there are precedents for having penalties exist if they do not destroy that property.
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One would be to build a simulator that is accurate at the level of silicon, so that you can cross-compile and run binaries for this CPU on a non-native architecture. Another would be to look at some specific module within the core and re-use the code within an OpenCores project. A third would be to reverse this - take OpenCores code (or write your own) and generate a module that would work within the T2 and would provide functionality the developers might want. A fourth would be to produce a specialized version of the chip (rad-hardened, for example) without paying license costs. And so on.
The State may not be responsible for a person above a certain age, but really that is neither relevant nor even strictly true. An educated workforce can do more with less than a dumb workforce, so the less able the employees are, the less there is produced and therefore the less revenue is generated for the company and therefore the less tax that is generated for the State. Ignorance is expensive, but it is much much harder to factor in the true cost of ignorance in society. It will be high, though.
Should I waste my time in noting that it is utterly unimportant how the US compares to other countries? A world of cavemen isn't substantially advanced by having one pool of slightly brighter cavemen. If some percentage of the population is not reaching their potential at school and then spends the rest of their life back-sliding into ignorance and mental decay, then what possible significance does it hold if other nations are worse?
Is it worth my while pointing out the number of managers who got promoted through the ranks but are now so far behind the curve that they are mentally incapable of management or intellectually capable of setting meaningful goals and objectives? Why do you think so many people hold management in contempt? It's not just the MBAs that are rotting from the insides of their skull out, it's anyone and everyone who is so focussed on the here-and-now that next week passed them by last year.
Show me an American who likes their long hours, the high job instability and the ignorance, and I'll show you a fruitcake who is probably in politics or management.
That's the total budget for the Department. Most of that is pre-allocated for infrastructure and other fixed costs. Subtract away all of the non-optional stuff and see what you get. Or just go directly to the discretionary spending budget and subtract the somewhat fewer overheads there before dividing by the population.
The work levels - I do not have anything solid there, I have to admit. It's accepted as a truism by Europeans that the increased cost of healthcare in America (double that of the UK, per capita, covered in a previous Slashdot story), the high levels of job dissatisfaction, the very high number of workplace shootings, the very high number of overweight slobs, the absurdly high number of drug addicts, the inability of America to pay more than a few months (at best) unemployment benefit, the total inability of 95% of the population to get out of the poverty trap, the rapid decline in attention span (games and TV are not the cause) and the obsession in American business with maximal production per unit time rather than optimal production per unit cost, are all a product of unhealthy and excessive work habits amongst Americans.
Some of the underlying theory of optimal vs maximal work may be found here.
Frankly, I think that the only way to prevent abuse is to go to direct democracy. But that requires superior education. At the moment, the US spends $50 per person per year on education. This doesn't seem to be a whole lot. You'd certainly never reach the level of enlightenment required for a stable democracy. The US would also need more leisure time. That's when people get a chance to think and to mature. Besides, it's pretty well established that people will do more productive work on a 35-hour week than a 40+-hour one.
Aye! An avast A accumulation at all activity!
Yes. You must be new here. You see, the submit story form is tied to a hoarde of berserker wildebeasts that go into a feeding frenzy at the scent of factual information. If people write too informatively, the wildebeasts charge and rip the submitter into tiny pieces. Thus, it is vital for personal safety to omit enough critical facts that the wildebeasts do not respond.
Imagine a beowulf cluster of brain-imaging systems...
America had one of those, once. It was called the NSF. Before that, they had another, called DARPA. Now, there's no denying that they both did a much better job of maintaining the network, improving bandwidth, building in suitable redundancy, etc, but apparently some idiot thought that a bunch of bandwidth-sucking cash-vampires would run it better. Which is why even old grannies in Socialist Europe get hundred gigabit pipes and Americans are lucky to get their cable modems to work at 56K in some parts of the country.
Oh, they're about equal. The two genetic pools of "Ultranorse" are all weird, mead-drinking manics, though. :)
If law is not a fact, does that make it a fiction?
There was a sci-fi spoof released some time back, entitled "Do You Have a Licence to Save This Planet?" - we are rapidly getting to the point where such piss-takes are becoming reality. And yes, I do think that the broadcasters are really Cybermen in disguise.
I will need to explain some of the background. This footage will give you such of the essential information you will need to understand where the broadcasters are coming from.
(But those aren't shared devices! Oh yes they are. Well, if you're running PCI-e 2.1, or virtual machines, or have sharing enabled through the OS, or a myriad of other options.)
Oh yeah, this means that Plan 9 users will presumably need to have factorial the number of nodes in their system licenses for each CD and DVD they buy in order to play any CDs or DVDs at all, as hardware location is largely unimportant under that OS. And I dread to think of what happens to people who actually run Beowulf clusters...
How will they get away with such an obviously unfair, unreasonable and obnoxious burden on unconventional desktops? Well, it'll be very easy. Most users are ignorant of the capabilities of modern machines, most users are ignorant of the fact that modern computers ARE a home network, and so most users will assume it's someone else's problem, not theirs. Once a few precedents are set in court, the broadcasters can bill who they like what they like, with no fear of retribution and an almost total guarantee of winning in court. Ignorance - even of technology - is not a valid defence in the legal system, which is reasonable enough when not taken too far. Here, it could be exploited by gold-diggers to create a perpetual stream of income.
Would the judges go for it? If the attacks start with "obvious" targets and then move to subtler and subtler definitions of home network, provided they keep winning, they'll create case law. Judges don't necessarily understand technology too well, but they do understand case law very well. A clever enough team of lawyers could easily manufacture a legal understanding of what a network was that could include a cluster that could only ever act as a single machine, any PC with a PCI-e 2.1 bus, a box running VMWare or Xen, or anything else in which multiple "top level" devices (physical or virtual) can access a single data source.
...If they put THESE under the GPL, along with the T1, they'd be getting more press than they could imagine. If they used these a bit more aggressively - such as using them as a graphics processor on a PC - they'd be getting some amazing press. If they keep them locked in a server closet, it's only then that nobody will care.
Their implementation of the underlying mechanism is flawed, as it cannot leap tall buildings in a single bound.
You can have a pony in any color you like, so long as it's pink. And OMG!-certified.
For more security, have each app sign the stuff and THEN have each server encrypt the data according to their key.
You may also be able to use something from NIST's list of authenticated encryption modes to add extra security.
In a case like this, you might even want to get cryptographic hashes of the complete disk, say using Whirlpool and SHA-256, and place those on the next disk. As this becomes part of the content of the next disk, it alters that disk's hashes and is reflected on the disk after, and so on. So to change one disk requires changing ALL subsequent disks - an operation that rapidly becomes more expensive than it is worth.
Same with disks in general. If you copy the journals to a safe place before they get synced in, you can recover any and every intermediate state very rapidly.
All you need is an autoloader on a DVD writer that can take from a fresh stack and dump written disks to another stack. Once every N weeks, you get a truck and put the DVDs in safe storage.
This isn't a pure hardware solution - the transfers are all software - and it should be easy to write open source transfer software that handles all of this. We're not talking rocket science here.
You'll be fine. Just remember, fuel should use a reliable delivery protocol and not UDP, and on no account use roofnet for a rollcage.
Why would Bill Gates want all the money in the world, when he already has twice that? :)
I also saw a lot of self-organizing work on the Transputers. These were fairly low-power processors (but respectable for the time) that could be trivially wired into a mesh as large as you like. Processes could be divided by the hardware pretty much as the hardware liked. Both code and data could also be declared MOBILE.
Weird list of some historical events in parallel processing - there's a few other examples in there.
No, people can be told almost anything, as TV and radio demonstrate on a continual basis. Making them destroy their private property is another matter, but if some technology X is decreed illegal, then there are precedents for having penalties exist if they do not destroy that property.
Easy. They compare the mice with the behavior of MBA students.