A couple bottles I've acquired in the past couple years that I've really liked are Tomintoul (runs about USD 40-45) and McLellan's Islay (runs 20 bucks, good to suggest to someone who didn't need much work done and you want to make sure you get a good bottle of 20 dollar scotch). Oban is nice as well. I have some Edradour right now, which I like but am not in love with. I like to give people suggestions if they are not themselves Scotch drinkers, and try to give them two or three price levels so they can pick what they're comfortable with. For real cheap work, I just ask for a couple bottles of Unibroue beer; McLellan's is the next stop, then Oban/Tomintoul, and if someone is needing to pay me more than 50 bucks, well, the options are endless!
And yes, the fact that the bottle lasts past one good dinner (in fact, I find a bottle will last up to two catastrophic events - my last bottle of Oban went for a death in the family and the election this year) is a definite benefit.
I wouldn't really say that Detroit "ripped off" Kraftwerk; influence, sure, but there's a difference between ripping someone off and taking inspiration from them. Detroit took inspiration from Kraftwerk, amongst others. Shitty Euro producers rip off good Detroit acts (*cough*SonyJaguarfiasco*cough*).
Is there good stuff from Europe? Sure. I-F is brilliant. Techno Animal, though they may be defunct now, I don't know. Some Aphex and Autechre, yeah. Solex is fun sometimes. 3 Cylob. But I don't see it as being anywhere near as consistently good as Detroit; the output I see from Detroit labels is consistently high-quality, while even the good European labels fail regularly. Is it because we don't have shit going on live, and have nothing better to do than to perfect tracks at home, as opposed to the European scene? Maybe. But I just don't see anyone being able to argue all the good music is from Europe; while I can't argue all the good music is from SE Michigan, I can argue that the best of it is.
I don't have CC on twice, either. Innerzone isn't just Carl.
Anyone who thinks cheap gear can't be used to make good music is inherently full of shit.
Further, I didn't say Detroit *started* electronic music; I said it marked the beginning of good electronic music, although Chicago gets a little bit of love there too (as does, of course, Kraftwerk).
Well, considering it is applied (by English speakers) to objects being renamed, the use of the word "born" is a bit suspect.
Products aren't born, nor are companies. And yet, we see usages like Freescale, née Motorola, or "the Acura SLX (nee Isuzu Trooper)." That last was from the New York Times. As such, while the *French* word means "born", the English usage is far better represented by "formerly known as".
We've co-opted parts of your language, Frenchie. Get over it.
'Nee' may be Dutch for 'no', but that has nothing to do with the usage I was correcting. In that usage, it's based on French, where it is the feminine form of the past participle of the verb "to be born". Thus, it is literally translated as "born as". However, the meaning it has acquired in English usage is better served by the definition "formerly known as".
And this is why we have adaptive optics, to correct for atmospheric distortion. Unlike UV, IR does make it through, just in a distorted fashion. We can correct for that distortion to an amazing extent, but the trick gets harder to do at shorter wavelengths, making it difficult to impossible at this time for optical.
JWST is not a full replacement for Hubble - it is primarily an IR scope, with some visible capability - it lacks certain wavelengths Hubble covers, like UV, which is one of the primary benefits of launching a space scope in the first place. The band in question, covered by Hubble but not JWST, is the 110nm-600nm band. JWST has significantly more infrared extension than Hubble, but infrared is one of the more usable windows from Earth, especially as adaptive optics techniques improve.
Basically, JWST is not a full Hubble replacement. A good thing to launch? Yes. But we'll definitely lose some capabilities in the bargain.
Could you when this patent was filed? I don't recall anything of the sort back in the day... no way to, from D2, see if my friends were instead hooking it up with some War2:b.net action.
The mean time to generate HHHH is more than 1 minute. This is because of the phenomenon you explained, essentially because this is a discrete distribution, not continuous.
Do you understand what a CDF is? It's the cumulative density function; when the value of the CDF hits.5 (cdf(x) = 0.5), that means that exactly one half of the time, you will require X trials *or less* to generate the desired result. In other words, the median value. Which is often used as an average value, especially when you have a situation where your value is bounded on one side and not the other, but the high end is unlikely, since it allows less influence from high outliers. So, basically, we have the word "average" being interpreted two different ways - one more common, but both correct.
Didn't read it, so I don't have the context, but I think we can both agree that there was no assumption of p=1.0 anywhere at this point.
First off, on average it will take slightly less than 11 sets of flips to get one HHHH, not the 16 you stated. Not sure where I originally got 8 from, but we were both wrong on that.
Do you want to calculate the expected average value, or shall I?
P(mins) = 1 is ~.64
P(mins) = 2 is ~.2304
P(mins) = 3 is ~.0829
So on, so forth. P(n mins) =.36^(n-1)*.64 (n-1 unsuccessful trials, one successful trial).
Now, expected value, which is what you are talking about. E(min) = P(min)*val = 1.553 minutes, in this case. So, you could look at it as you being right.
Or you could recognize that the other way to go about this, the realization that when the cdf crosses 0.5, you've hit the point at which 50% of the time you will have succeeded, yields a 1 minute average trial.
It's nice that you wanted to use small words, but its okay, I do understand statistics. Possibly better than you, since you don't even bother to check your own math.
And that doesn't mean that the thought experiments are any less meaningful. Further, if you have frictionless surfaces, you can achieve a perpetual motion machine.
But if you want to be picky, fine. You want a "real" probabilistic trial 1.0?
P(entropy increases in the closed universe as time passes) = 1.0.
P(mass A and mass B, both possessing positive finite mass, experience a gravitationally attractive force) = 1.0.
P(a given mass moves at a speed slower than the velocity of light) = 1.0.
There is nothing inherently wrong with p=1.0. Now fix your own math before you complain about someone else's, and don't ever bitch about probability 1.0 again.
Can you buddylist somebody in, say, Diablo, and have that buddylist apply across all the battle.net games? If not, then battle.net is not prior art. Can you, from Diablo, look at your buddylist and see if your buddy is playing Starcraft? If no, again, not prior art.
Gotta read the claims before you talk about prior art.
BTW, look up the mortality rates on Sickle Cell Anaemia before trotting that old saw out again, and bear in mind that no new information is being added here, the recipient of this "blessing" is in fact being permanently, heritably damaged, and the damage happens to lessen the impact of one contagion in one area.
A contagion that, without modern medical treatment, is often deadly. A contagion that happens to occur quite regularly in the area where sickle cell anemia originated (as you said, it is a mutation generally confined to the population in Africa, one of the malarial hotbeds of the world). This to me points to evidence that evolution works fine - the mutation is *only* net-beneficial in areas where malaria is common, and only appears in those areas; in fact, its distribution nearly matches the distribution of malaria in Africa.
Look at it this way - mortality without treatment for childhood (first infection) malaria is high. Mortality for sickle cell is high. However, without the sickle cell mutation, all children are at risk of malaria. With sickle cell mutation, 25% are malaria risks, 25% are sickle cell risks, and 50% are likely to survive without complication from either. Net benefit, which shows that natural selection works exactly as expected - traits that develop and provide a net benefit to the breeding phase of the organism in question are generally passed on and will eventually become dominant traits, while traits that develop and provide a net disadvantage tend to disappear. The key here is *net* - while sickle cell can provide a disadvantage, the net result to breeding organisms is advantageous, in that 50% of the population is protected against a major disease endemic to the area within which sickle cell is common. Allow me to quote:
The initial hints of a relationship between the two came with the realization that the geographical distribution of the gene for hemoglobin S and the distribution of malaria in Africa virtually overlap. A further hint came with the observation that peoples indigenous to the highland regions of the continent did not display the high expression of the sickle hemoglobin gene like their lowland neighbors in the malaria belts. Malaria does not occur in the cooler, drier climates of the highlands in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Neither does the gene for sickle hemoglobin.
In other words, malaria is a natural force providing a selection mechanism to encourage the spread of the hemoglobin S gene throughout at-risk populations. This mechanism lacking, the negatives of hem-S outweigh, and the gene does not spread. Natural selection in action, a lovely example.
The combination of natural selection and random mutation has produced a net benefit to that section of the human species living in Africa. If malarial parasites were endemic worldwide, the likelihood is that the sickle-cell gene (or similar genes, like the ones for thalessemia, hemoglobin C/E, etc.) Anyone who tries to deny it is living in a dream world, or doesn't understand what natural selection implies.
(Note: I am personally undecided on the mechanism of speciation - however, natural selection as a method for gradual change over time is far too well supported for me to argue with.)
And yet, I'll take my Nikon 50/1.8 prime (which ran 99, new) against pretty much every other Nikon lens out there at 50 mm. Cost is not everything when it comes to glass.
That said, there is no reason to upgrade the Hubble if we can reasonably cheaply launch a new one. Hell, if we could launch a new one for *exactly the same cost* as repairing the Hubble, we should do that. We'd get more overall science out of it, because we'd have Hubble functioning until it fails, plus the new one.
That's different, the HP thing. You can get more HP, but you will almost certainly lose fuel economy and exhaust cleanliness in the process. Automakers tune their engines to within an inch of their lives; if they can get 5 extra HP out without sacrificing economy and efficiency, they will.
I work for an auto supplier. Most auto software is written by groups using CMM3 processes, at minimum, and most of our powertrain-related stuff is done by a SEI CMM Level 5 group. No, process isn't everything, but there's a definite effort made, and there's a lot of testing done.
The phrase 6 sigma should mean something to you as well - that's most manufacturers target defect level, not just for semiconductors but for all parts. 6 sigma equates to 2 failures per billion parts - that's the goal for hardware teams, and software teams too, although for them it can be harder to define exactly what a failure is.
Government is exactly what I said it was - the result of an implied contract. At first this contract is formed between the total set of the People; after it has been formed once, it is then modified by agreement between the Government (which has now become more than just a subset of the People) and the People. Like I said - read the original philosophers who proposed this model - Locke, Hobbes, Rousseau. Your argument is somewhat juvenile.
And, sure, my point works fine to support vigilantism... *if* the contract is with the vigilantes. Like I said, there is no inherent problem with vigilante justice, it is not inherently wrong. Further, if you made that social contract, with the vigilantes? You've just formed a part of your Government.
Even further, a vigilante is, by definition, "a member of a volunteer committee organized to suppress and punish crime summarily". The minute they are doing it as a result of a contract, rather than voluntarily, the vigilantes are no longer vigilantes. They've become police. Police whose methods resemble those of third-world countries, but police nonetheless.
Additionally, it is breaking the established social contract. Unfortunately for you, you don't get a choice about making the contract with vigilantes, because the country as a whole is already under contract to the government. My explanation is designed to explain why vigilante justice is wrong in a country that already has a government. The idea of forming a social contract with vigilantes works fine if you currently have no contract, but you have a contract. If you don't like your contract, you're free to try to get out of it, but the odds of the rest of the People allowing you to both do so and remain on the land the State occupies are very, very low.
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Wait, there are genre's he *doesn't* rag on?
Which?
A couple bottles I've acquired in the past couple years that I've really liked are Tomintoul (runs about USD 40-45) and McLellan's Islay (runs 20 bucks, good to suggest to someone who didn't need much work done and you want to make sure you get a good bottle of 20 dollar scotch). Oban is nice as well. I have some Edradour right now, which I like but am not in love with. I like to give people suggestions if they are not themselves Scotch drinkers, and try to give them two or three price levels so they can pick what they're comfortable with. For real cheap work, I just ask for a couple bottles of Unibroue beer; McLellan's is the next stop, then Oban/Tomintoul, and if someone is needing to pay me more than 50 bucks, well, the options are endless!
And yes, the fact that the bottle lasts past one good dinner (in fact, I find a bottle will last up to two catastrophic events - my last bottle of Oban went for a death in the family and the election this year) is a definite benefit.
Drink up!
I wouldn't really say that Detroit "ripped off" Kraftwerk; influence, sure, but there's a difference between ripping someone off and taking inspiration from them. Detroit took inspiration from Kraftwerk, amongst others. Shitty Euro producers rip off good Detroit acts (*cough*SonyJaguarfiasco*cough*).
Is there good stuff from Europe? Sure. I-F is brilliant. Techno Animal, though they may be defunct now, I don't know. Some Aphex and Autechre, yeah. Solex is fun sometimes. 3 Cylob. But I don't see it as being anywhere near as consistently good as Detroit; the output I see from Detroit labels is consistently high-quality, while even the good European labels fail regularly. Is it because we don't have shit going on live, and have nothing better to do than to perfect tracks at home, as opposed to the European scene? Maybe. But I just don't see anyone being able to argue all the good music is from Europe; while I can't argue all the good music is from SE Michigan, I can argue that the best of it is.
I don't have CC on twice, either. Innerzone isn't just Carl.
Anyone who thinks cheap gear can't be used to make good music is inherently full of shit.
Further, I didn't say Detroit *started* electronic music; I said it marked the beginning of good electronic music, although Chicago gets a little bit of love there too (as does, of course, Kraftwerk).
I ask for a bottle of scotch. A cheap bottle of scotch is more in line with what my work is worth, and a good bottle of scotch is definitely useful.
(That, and I don't like wine.)
The best electronic music comes from SE Michigan, of course.
m orph
Artists
Juan Atkins
Derrick May
Carl Craig
Kevin Saunderson
Underground Resistance
Drexciya
Dopplereffekt
Adult.
Ecto
Midwest Product
Tadd Mullinix
Dabrye
SCAN7
Recloose
Innerzone Orchestra
labels
Planet E
Ersatz Audio
Metroplex
Underground Resistance
430 West
Ghostly
Stuff like that. The Europeans are just ripping off black kids (well, these days it's white kids too) from Detroit.
Well, considering it is applied (by English speakers) to objects being renamed, the use of the word "born" is a bit suspect.
Products aren't born, nor are companies. And yet, we see usages like Freescale, née Motorola, or "the Acura SLX (nee Isuzu Trooper)." That last was from the New York Times. As such, while the *French* word means "born", the English usage is far better represented by "formerly known as".
We've co-opted parts of your language, Frenchie. Get over it.
'Nee' may be Dutch for 'no', but that has nothing to do with the usage I was correcting. In that usage, it's based on French, where it is the feminine form of the past participle of the verb "to be born". Thus, it is literally translated as "born as". However, the meaning it has acquired in English usage is better served by the definition "formerly known as".
And this is why we have adaptive optics, to correct for atmospheric distortion. Unlike UV, IR does make it through, just in a distorted fashion. We can correct for that distortion to an amazing extent, but the trick gets harder to do at shorter wavelengths, making it difficult to impossible at this time for optical.
JWST is not a full replacement for Hubble - it is primarily an IR scope, with some visible capability - it lacks certain wavelengths Hubble covers, like UV, which is one of the primary benefits of launching a space scope in the first place. The band in question, covered by Hubble but not JWST, is the 110nm-600nm band. JWST has significantly more infrared extension than Hubble, but infrared is one of the more usable windows from Earth, especially as adaptive optics techniques improve.
Basically, JWST is not a full Hubble replacement. A good thing to launch? Yes. But we'll definitely lose some capabilities in the bargain.
Could you when this patent was filed? I don't recall anything of the sort back in the day... no way to, from D2, see if my friends were instead hooking it up with some War2:b.net action.
You have an extra T in there.
The mean time to generate HHHH is more than 1 minute. This is because of the phenomenon you explained, essentially because this is a discrete distribution, not continuous.
.5 (cdf(x) = 0.5), that means that exactly one half of the time, you will require X trials *or less* to generate the desired result. In other words, the median value. Which is often used as an average value, especially when you have a situation where your value is bounded on one side and not the other, but the high end is unlikely, since it allows less influence from high outliers. So, basically, we have the word "average" being interpreted two different ways - one more common, but both correct.
Do you understand what a CDF is? It's the cumulative density function; when the value of the CDF hits
Didn't read it, so I don't have the context, but I think we can both agree that there was no assumption of p=1.0 anywhere at this point.
First off, on average it will take slightly less than 11 sets of flips to get one HHHH, not the 16 you stated. Not sure where I originally got 8 from, but we were both wrong on that.
.36^(n-1)*.64 (n-1 unsuccessful trials, one successful trial).
Do you want to calculate the expected average value, or shall I?
P(mins) = 1 is ~.64
P(mins) = 2 is ~.2304
P(mins) = 3 is ~.0829
So on, so forth. P(n mins) =
Now, expected value, which is what you are talking about. E(min) = P(min)*val = 1.553 minutes, in this case. So, you could look at it as you being right.
Or you could recognize that the other way to go about this, the realization that when the cdf crosses 0.5, you've hit the point at which 50% of the time you will have succeeded, yields a 1 minute average trial.
It's nice that you wanted to use small words, but its okay, I do understand statistics. Possibly better than you, since you don't even bother to check your own math.
And that doesn't mean that the thought experiments are any less meaningful. Further, if you have frictionless surfaces, you can achieve a perpetual motion machine.
But if you want to be picky, fine. You want a "real" probabilistic trial 1.0?
P(entropy increases in the closed universe as time passes) = 1.0.
P(mass A and mass B, both possessing positive finite mass, experience a gravitationally attractive force) = 1.0.
P(a given mass moves at a speed slower than the velocity of light) = 1.0.
There is nothing inherently wrong with p=1.0. Now fix your own math before you complain about someone else's, and don't ever bitch about probability 1.0 again.
Freescale, nee Motorola. (Nee roughly translates to "formerly known as").
I haven't seen numbers, but I'd put money on desktop Linux having a bigger share than OpenOffice.
Windows is a marginal OS?
Can you buddylist somebody in, say, Diablo, and have that buddylist apply across all the battle.net games? If not, then battle.net is not prior art. Can you, from Diablo, look at your buddylist and see if your buddy is playing Starcraft? If no, again, not prior art.
Gotta read the claims before you talk about prior art.
A contagion that, without modern medical treatment, is often deadly. A contagion that happens to occur quite regularly in the area where sickle cell anemia originated (as you said, it is a mutation generally confined to the population in Africa, one of the malarial hotbeds of the world). This to me points to evidence that evolution works fine - the mutation is *only* net-beneficial in areas where malaria is common, and only appears in those areas; in fact, its distribution nearly matches the distribution of malaria in Africa.
Look at it this way - mortality without treatment for childhood (first infection) malaria is high. Mortality for sickle cell is high. However, without the sickle cell mutation, all children are at risk of malaria. With sickle cell mutation, 25% are malaria risks, 25% are sickle cell risks, and 50% are likely to survive without complication from either. Net benefit, which shows that natural selection works exactly as expected - traits that develop and provide a net benefit to the breeding phase of the organism in question are generally passed on and will eventually become dominant traits, while traits that develop and provide a net disadvantage tend to disappear. The key here is *net* - while sickle cell can provide a disadvantage, the net result to breeding organisms is advantageous, in that 50% of the population is protected against a major disease endemic to the area within which sickle cell is common. Allow me to quote:
In other words, malaria is a natural force providing a selection mechanism to encourage the spread of the hemoglobin S gene throughout at-risk populations. This mechanism lacking, the negatives of hem-S outweigh, and the gene does not spread. Natural selection in action, a lovely example.
The combination of natural selection and random mutation has produced a net benefit to that section of the human species living in Africa. If malarial parasites were endemic worldwide, the likelihood is that the sickle-cell gene (or similar genes, like the ones for thalessemia, hemoglobin C/E, etc.) Anyone who tries to deny it is living in a dream world, or doesn't understand what natural selection implies.
(Note: I am personally undecided on the mechanism of speciation - however, natural selection as a method for gradual change over time is far too well supported for me to argue with.)
And yet, I'll take my Nikon 50/1.8 prime (which ran 99, new) against pretty much every other Nikon lens out there at 50 mm. Cost is not everything when it comes to glass.
That said, there is no reason to upgrade the Hubble if we can reasonably cheaply launch a new one. Hell, if we could launch a new one for *exactly the same cost* as repairing the Hubble, we should do that. We'd get more overall science out of it, because we'd have Hubble functioning until it fails, plus the new one.
That's different, the HP thing. You can get more HP, but you will almost certainly lose fuel economy and exhaust cleanliness in the process. Automakers tune their engines to within an inch of their lives; if they can get 5 extra HP out without sacrificing economy and efficiency, they will.
I work for an auto supplier. Most auto software is written by groups using CMM3 processes, at minimum, and most of our powertrain-related stuff is done by a SEI CMM Level 5 group. No, process isn't everything, but there's a definite effort made, and there's a lot of testing done.
The phrase 6 sigma should mean something to you as well - that's most manufacturers target defect level, not just for semiconductors but for all parts. 6 sigma equates to 2 failures per billion parts - that's the goal for hardware teams, and software teams too, although for them it can be harder to define exactly what a failure is.
One thing to note: the patent specifically states *multiple* games must be involved.
Government is exactly what I said it was - the result of an implied contract. At first this contract is formed between the total set of the People; after it has been formed once, it is then modified by agreement between the Government (which has now become more than just a subset of the People) and the People. Like I said - read the original philosophers who proposed this model - Locke, Hobbes, Rousseau. Your argument is somewhat juvenile.
And, sure, my point works fine to support vigilantism... *if* the contract is with the vigilantes. Like I said, there is no inherent problem with vigilante justice, it is not inherently wrong. Further, if you made that social contract, with the vigilantes? You've just formed a part of your Government.
Even further, a vigilante is, by definition, "a member of a volunteer committee organized to suppress and punish crime summarily". The minute they are doing it as a result of a contract, rather than voluntarily, the vigilantes are no longer vigilantes. They've become police. Police whose methods resemble those of third-world countries, but police nonetheless.
Additionally, it is breaking the established social contract. Unfortunately for you, you don't get a choice about making the contract with vigilantes, because the country as a whole is already under contract to the government. My explanation is designed to explain why vigilante justice is wrong in a country that already has a government. The idea of forming a social contract with vigilantes works fine if you currently have no contract, but you have a contract. If you don't like your contract, you're free to try to get out of it, but the odds of the rest of the People allowing you to both do so and remain on the land the State occupies are very, very low.