The same published also has another interesting book: Instruments of Amplification that describes how to make your own electronic and electromechanical amplifiers from scratch. Great addition if you have to restart civilization on your own!
I was referring to the quote. You stated that these (nuclear) submarines are unmatched in stealth technology. This is not true. Cooleant pumps generate noise, the reactor creates a heat signature.
Of course, regarding the mode of operation these can not be compared. However fuel cell subs are trying to close the gap between DE and nuclear subs by offering a significantly wider silent operating range as compared to battery power.
And if we are at it: Tell me of one of todays threats that requires a nuclear powered doomsday machine which can travel around the globe without emitting noise. Last time I checked terrorists did not have access to world wide hydrophone networks.
Everything else just buzzes through the water for all to hear while the latest Seawolf class is truly stunning with amazing amounts of technology layered upon layer that slips through the water with uncanny silence
The most advanced submarines in regard to this are currently the fuel cuel boats by HDW. They neither emit noise nor leave a heat trace. Oh, and they are not american.
*yaaawn* - did you note it is a private endeavour? I think its better they spend their money on project like this than luxery cars, isles, hotels etc. Far more money is already spent on environmental and humanitarian help.
Ok, thats common knowledge. But how do you know it is actually being used in the prescott? The former P4 revisions used a doubleclocked alu with an interlocked pipeline. They only computed 16bits of the result in each stage and pipelined the carry.
The question of synchronising is quite interesting in my opinion. An efficient, but complicated way would be to use a FIFO that is clocked at one end and self triggered at the other. This would ensure maximum throughput.
The straightforward way would be clocked registers. This would lower the throughput but possibly also decrease latency.
Since this process depends on the temperature and is reversible, it's very simple to design a circuit (using a LED and phototransistor or some sort of photo-detector) that works as temperature-dependent switch
It would be far simpler to exploit the temperature dependence of the LED or the transistor, or maybe an even more simple device that is made for temperature sensing.
Re:low unemployment compared to europe
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Hmm let's see that happened... A DECADE AGO. He's talking about yesteryear.
The is a totally irrelevant argument. The DDR had full employment before it broken down and was reunited with the west. Unfortunately almost none of the eastern companies was competitive enough to survive the coming years, even despite more than a trillion of state support.
The technique used by AMD is called mirror-bit. NROM is almost the same but covered by different patents. It was developed by Saifun and is for example applied by Infineon.
It is vice versa DRAM is WAAAY more complex than flash. Have you ever thought about how to form a trench or stack capacitor? There are reasons why the ground rule for flash is already smaller than for DRAM. Modern flash does not use a real floating gate, but a quantum trap. This is formed by depositing a multilayer stack of oxide-nitride-oxide as the gate dielectric. This is actually a single process step and rather simple.
I cant help it, but most of the bills he signed seemed reasonable and the ones he vetoed were indeed silly. Biased press?
Having to provide an email adress to contact your when you provide a service on the net (that is offering binary files) is also reasonable. In fact it is already a law in several european countries.
The type of NAND Flash currently in use require just a single transistor to store two bits, either by the mirror-bit technology or by multilevel flash. A single NAND flash cell is 4F (F=smallest featuresize of the technology node). So it takes 2F to store one bit. Current DRAM cell sizes are 8F (or 6F with additional area sacrifice). Therefore the flash memory density is at least four times as high.
In addition to that flash is MUCH easier to produce than dram.
I was referring to the 74HCxxx series of logic chips, which cost cents each but are a little bit more modern than a power hungry 555.
I defy you to find a microcontroller at that price
The lowest cost 8-bit microcontrollers by Atmel, Microchip, Ti, Motorola are around 1$ or less. And you already get quite a bit for that amount of money. Motorola announced the first MCU priced 50cents in high volume years ago.
For example the Atmel 90s1200 should be around 1.30US$ in single quantities. 8 Pin microcontrollers (ATTiny 11, PIC12C509) are even cheaper.
The 555 is nearing its 30st year in production now. You can get a full blown microcontroller for the same price. There is almost no reason ever to use it. So you do not have to feel guilty - your teacher should for using such obselete parts as reference.
If you really need a discrete timer, use something from the 74HCxxx series.
And besides: The hack on the site must be the most clumsy electronic hack ever. Bad electronic design, extremely awkward realisation. (More tape anyone?)
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The same published also has another interesting book:
Instruments of Amplification that describes how to make your own electronic and electromechanical amplifiers from scratch. Great addition if you have to restart civilization on your own!
From the article: "As you can guess, holes don't conduct electricity very well."
Yes they do, halve of the transistors in the CPU rely on this fact. I know what you tried to say, but mind your words..
Except that everybody is using ASML scanners right now...
Besides, this must be the most simplified and ignorant description of the process I have ever seen. Let alone the writing style...
TSMC can put a chip out in two weeks.
I doubt that, unless it is a gate array.
I was referring to the quote. You stated that these (nuclear) submarines are unmatched in stealth technology. This is not true. Cooleant pumps generate noise, the reactor creates a heat signature.
Of course, regarding the mode of operation these can not be compared. However fuel cell subs are trying to close the gap between DE and nuclear subs by offering a significantly wider silent operating range as compared to battery power.
And if we are at it: Tell me of one of todays threats that requires a nuclear powered doomsday machine which can travel around the globe without emitting noise. Last time I checked terrorists did not have access to world wide hydrophone networks.
None of what you said contradicted my initial statement.
More info
Everything else just buzzes through the water for all to hear while the latest Seawolf class is truly stunning with amazing amounts of technology layered upon layer that slips through the water with uncanny silence
The most advanced submarines in regard to this are currently the fuel cuel boats by HDW. They neither emit noise nor leave a heat trace. Oh, and they are not american.
*yaaawn* - did you note it is a private endeavour? I think its better they spend their money on project like this than luxery cars, isles, hotels etc. Far more money is already spent on environmental and humanitarian help.
Ok, thats common knowledge. But how do you know it is actually being used in the prescott? The former P4 revisions used a doubleclocked alu with an interlocked pipeline. They only computed 16bits of the result in each stage and pipelined the carry.
The question of synchronising is quite interesting in my opinion. An efficient, but complicated way would be to use a FIFO that is clocked at one end and self triggered at the other. This would ensure maximum throughput.
The straightforward way would be clocked registers. This would lower the throughput but possibly also decrease latency.
Interesting, how is it synchronized with the rest of the pipeline? Is there any publication about this?
Since this process depends on the temperature and is reversible, it's very simple to design a circuit (using a LED and phototransistor or some sort of photo-detector) that works as temperature-dependent switch
It would be far simpler to exploit the temperature dependence of the LED or the transistor, or maybe an even more simple device that is made for temperature sensing.
Hmm let's see that happened... A DECADE AGO. He's talking about yesteryear.
The is a totally irrelevant argument. The DDR had full employment before it broken down and was reunited with the west. Unfortunately almost none of the eastern companies was competitive enough to survive the coming years, even despite more than a trillion of state support.
.. so much for open speech.
The technique used by AMD is called mirror-bit. NROM is almost the same but covered by different patents. It was developed by Saifun and is for example applied by Infineon.
It is vice versa DRAM is WAAAY more complex than flash. Have you ever thought about how to form a trench or stack capacitor? There are reasons why the ground rule for flash is already smaller than for DRAM. Modern flash does not use a real floating gate, but a quantum trap. This is formed by depositing a multilayer stack of oxide-nitride-oxide as the gate dielectric. This is actually a single process step and rather simple.
I cant help it, but most of the bills he signed seemed reasonable and the ones he vetoed were indeed silly. Biased press?
Having to provide an email adress to contact your when you provide a service on the net (that is offering binary files) is also reasonable. In fact it is already a law in several european countries.
No, memory technology does not obey the logic roadmap.
Last I checked, most memory technologies required at least 1-T per bit. I don't know if that's true for flash technology, but still.
Its currently at two bits per transistor. Search for "multi level flash", "mirror bit flash", "NROM"..
DRAM usually had redundant memory that is allocated during device test.
The type of NAND Flash currently in use require just a single transistor to store two bits, either by the mirror-bit technology or by multilevel flash. A single NAND flash cell is 4F (F=smallest featuresize of the technology node). So it takes 2F to store one bit. Current DRAM cell sizes are 8F (or 6F with additional area sacrifice). Therefore the flash memory density is at least four times as high.
In addition to that flash is MUCH easier to produce than dram.
But like you said, just because something is old, that doesn't mean it's obsolete or that you shouldn't use it.
There is no reason to use it, apart from not knowing better. There are less power hungry replacement parts which fulfill the same function.
The HC series of microcontrollers ..
I was referring to the 74HCxxx series of logic chips, which cost cents each but are a little bit more modern than a power hungry 555.
I defy you to find a microcontroller at that price
The lowest cost 8-bit microcontrollers by Atmel, Microchip, Ti, Motorola are around 1$ or less. And you already get quite a bit for that amount of money. Motorola announced the first MCU priced 50cents in high volume years ago.
For example the Atmel 90s1200 should be around 1.30US$ in single quantities. 8 Pin microcontrollers (ATTiny 11, PIC12C509) are even cheaper.
diffused skyward to destroy the autofocus of most cameras and in many cases it will destroy the camera's light element itself.
:)
Autofocus in aerial photography? What are you smoking, man...
The 555 is nearing its 30st year in production now. You can get a full blown microcontroller for the same price. There is almost no reason ever to use it. So you do not have to feel guilty - your teacher should for using such obselete parts as reference.
If you really need a discrete timer, use something from the 74HCxxx series.
And besides: The hack on the site must be the most clumsy electronic hack ever. Bad electronic design, extremely awkward realisation. (More tape anyone?)