Virginia Tech achieved an "efficiency" of about 58%. Not great, especially as compared to earlier test builds of 128 nodes, but not among the worst performers, either. If a cluster has a low latency, high bandwidth interconnect, it's RMax score will approach its Rpeak scores, although a certain fraction of the computing task cannot be parallelized. According to Dongarra a certain cluster using the Apple XServe platform, composed of 1080 dual 2.3 IBM PowerPC w.Mellanox Infiniband and Cisco Ethernet secondary fabric scored 12050 GFlops on the RMax test.
It's a wire story. Yes, Salon publishes a lot of original material on the election-- sometimes with so much partisan zeal that it pisses off subscribers who expect and pay for a "quality read"-- but it also reprints straight AP copy, which can be read at most any free news service.
You're comparing Walmart to Intel? That's absurd. Perhaps you need to investigate the earnings statements of grocery stores (or perhaps even those of "big box retailers")
PAL/SECAM are limited to 625 lines of resolution. It's not considered to be High Definition. See this eu paper for more details.
(From a regulatory standpoint, it's important to ensure widespread takeup of DTV, as the old analogue channels can be sold off for other uses, once large majorities have switched. The paper speculates on how the HDTV aspect of digital television might be a better "selling point" than SDTV multicasting, which often is of poor quality.)
Although command P produced a page with a big white hole where the text was supposed to be, I used the "Activity Viewer" to discover that one of the components of the page was substantially larger than the others. I was able double click that particular URl, which opened in a new window, shorn of any nasty DRM. I am afraid, however, that Apple will face pressure to restrict this rather useful feature. At one time, it could be used to evade Quicktime silliness, but it seems the feature has since been disabled.
(The transparent.gif overlay technique has previously been used by (ahem) vendors of photography, and (of all people) ebay sellers. It's not quite novel.)
I had to learn to like dark beer in college because Guiness and other similarly dark beers were the only thing my frat-rat room mate wouldn't touch. So if I wanted a beer to be left for Friday, I had to buy the dark stuff.
Star Trek's writers may have shied from the problem, but Lucas advanced the plot with sanitation.
HAN: (sarcastically) Oh! The garbage chute was a really wonderful idea. What an incredible smell you've discovered! Let's get out of here! Get away from there...
and, in a later film
HAN: Well, if they follow standard Imperial procedure, they'll dump their garbage before they go to light-speed, then we just float away.
The extra 45 lines in NTSC are known as the Vertical Blanking Interval or VBI for short. It is used to transmit things such as Closed Captioning and other information. The reason it is there is because TVs at the time couldn't re-aim the tube from the lower right to the top left and so they leave it blank. The 480 lines of active video are how resolution is measured. Lines are still used to measury quality.
There are two types of lines-- horizontal, and vertical. Horizontal lines (scanlines) are fixed by the ntsc standard-- 525, 480 of which get displayed. Laserdisc, VHS, DVD, broadcast--they all have 480 interlaced scanlines, period.
Vertical resolution is dependent on the resolution of the recieving device, and it must be measured. A technician counts the number of distinct vertical elements using a test pattern such as this one
As to the VGA standard, 640 is the number of columns. They all get displayed. Don't even know why you brought this up.
Video resolution is defined as number of (light+dark) lines resolved horizontally, divided by the image ratio. In this case, the ratio is 4:3. 640/1.33 is 480 lines of resolution, assuming that all 640 columns are resolved-- a fair assumption, given today's displays.
DVDs? 720x480 is not the equivalent of 540 lines. They use rectangular pixels and 2:1 is a compromise between 4:3 and 16:9. 720x480 is equal to 480 lines if progressive and 240 lines if interlaced (which it usually is as that is what most TVs are).
Again, scanlines should not be confused with lines of resolution. If all 720 columns of pixels can be resolved, then the dvd has 720*3/4=540 lines of resolution.
And FYI, HD cameras can resolve the full res of 1080i or 720p. They just aren't available for the consumer market yet. They are only for the broadcast market right now.
Some do, some don't. You would have to use a test pattern, and measure.
Lines of resolution is something that dates from the old analogue days. A NTSC signal consists of 525 discrete scanlines, 480 of which are used to display video, but the number of columns varies with the set (and the video source.) Additionally, it's measured in a square area.
The VGA standard is 640x480 (16 color version). Assuming that the monitor is not crap, 480 lines could be resolved within the squared off area. The extra 160 don't count.
VHS is limited to 240 lines (320x480) Broadcast TV is 330 lines (440*480) Laserdisc and SVHS is ~420 lines (560*480)
DVDs store their information digitally, and the standard specifies a 720x480 picture. This is equivalent to 540 lines of resolution. On a computer, the display requires, of course, a 720x480 (4:3ish) or 854*480 (16x9) window to display it all in.
Similarly, a 720p picture requires a 1280*720 display, and 1080i necessitates the use of a 1920*1080 display. Not that you'll get all 1920 pixels across-- many HD cameras are only capable of resolving details for 1400 pixels, or about 800 lines of resolution.
No, the allocation isn't static. The two pbs stations near my home broadcast three or four SDTV streams during the day and and HDTV/SDTV pair at night.
It seems the PBS channels usually use extra channels for a educational channel, a children's channel, and sometimes a public affairs channel.
I'm not sure what the commercial channels do. Some of them add a 24 hour newsfeed. FOX was making angry noises about skipping the hdtv thing and just doing multicasts, (but of what, I'm not sure.) Maybe they sell the extra bandwidth.
The D-VHS's biggest failing, though, was that it couldn't record in HD from most digital video recorders, thanks to JVC's spectacularly stupid decision to leave out the three most common high-def video inputs in favor of a digital FireWire connector with built-in copy-control circuitry; only a handful of other devices support this. (Comcast's recorder is one; see Jim Hawk's article on Page F1 for details.)
Slashdot Mirror
Does the NSA still disclose its computing capabilities?
Virginia Tech achieved an "efficiency" of about 58%. Not great, especially as compared to earlier test builds of 128 nodes, but not among the worst performers, either. If a cluster has a low latency, high bandwidth interconnect, it's RMax score will approach its Rpeak scores, although a certain fraction of the computing task cannot be parallelized.
According to Dongarra a certain cluster using the Apple XServe platform, composed of 1080 dual 2.3 IBM PowerPC w.Mellanox Infiniband and Cisco Ethernet secondary fabric scored 12050 GFlops on the RMax test.
BlueGene 36.0 TF
Earth Simulator 35.9 TF
Red Thunder? 20.0 TF
Project Columbia 19.6 TF
ASQI Q 13.9 TF
VT's Terascale 12.050
That's for the single node version, with one processor installed. The "record breaking" configuration is a 512-node/4096 processor cluster.
It's a wire story. Yes, Salon publishes a lot of original material on the election-- sometimes with so much partisan zeal that it pisses off subscribers who expect and pay for a "quality read"-- but it also reprints straight AP copy, which can be read at most any free news service.
You're comparing Walmart to Intel? That's absurd. Perhaps you need to investigate the earnings statements of grocery stores (or perhaps even those of "big box retailers")
The trouble with NTSC is that the colors aren't terribly stable. (Never the Same Color). PAL may be better in this regard.
PAL/SECAM are limited to 625 lines of resolution. It's not considered to be High Definition. See this eu paper for more details.
(From a regulatory standpoint, it's important to ensure widespread takeup of DTV, as the old analogue channels can be sold off for other uses, once large majorities have switched. The paper speculates on how the HDTV aspect of digital television might be a better "selling point" than SDTV multicasting, which often is of poor quality.)
Although command P produced a page with a big white hole where the text was supposed to be, I used the "Activity Viewer" to discover that one of the components of the page was substantially larger than the others. I was able double click that particular URl, which opened in a new window, shorn of any nasty DRM.
I am afraid, however, that Apple will face pressure to restrict this rather useful feature. At one time, it could be used to evade Quicktime silliness, but it seems the feature has since been disabled.
(The transparent.gif overlay technique has previously been used by (ahem) vendors of photography, and (of all people) ebay sellers. It's not quite novel.)
I had to learn to like dark beer in college because Guiness and other similarly dark beers were the only thing my frat-rat room mate wouldn't touch. So if I wanted a beer to be left for Friday, I had to buy the dark stuff.
You make it sound like such a burden.
If they were proper yuppies, wouldn't they at least try the wines? And no, I don't mean Thunderbird.
"Earl Gray" is an component of "Advanced Tea Substitute". Douglas Adams preferred Earl Grey. Quite possibly, he enjoyed Harrod's No 42 most of all.
Star Trek's writers may have shied from the problem, but Lucas advanced the plot with sanitation.
HAN: (sarcastically) Oh! The garbage chute was a really wonderful
idea. What an incredible smell you've discovered! Let's get out of
here! Get away from there...
and, in a later film
HAN: Well, if they follow standard Imperial procedure, they'll dump
their garbage before they go to light-speed, then we just float away.
AMD deserves the win here for pushing 32 bit backwards compatibility
Backwards compatibility? Why? I mean you can just recompile, right?
Oh God. Please tell me you didn't go in for one of those closed source software packages....
The extra 45 lines in NTSC are known as the Vertical Blanking Interval or VBI for short. It is used to transmit things such as Closed Captioning and other information. The reason it is there is because TVs at the time couldn't re-aim the tube from the lower right to the top left and so they leave it blank. The 480 lines of active video are how resolution is measured. Lines are still used to measury quality.
There are two types of lines-- horizontal, and vertical. Horizontal lines (scanlines) are fixed by the ntsc standard-- 525, 480 of which get displayed. Laserdisc, VHS, DVD, broadcast--they all have 480 interlaced scanlines, period.
Vertical resolution is dependent on the resolution of the recieving device, and it must be measured. A technician counts the number of distinct vertical elements using a test pattern such as this one
As to the VGA standard, 640 is the number of columns. They all get displayed. Don't even know why you brought this up.
Video resolution is defined as number of (light+dark) lines resolved horizontally, divided by the image ratio. In this case, the ratio is 4:3. 640/1.33 is 480 lines of resolution, assuming that all 640 columns are resolved-- a fair assumption, given today's displays.
DVDs? 720x480 is not the equivalent of 540 lines. They use rectangular pixels and 2:1 is a compromise between 4:3 and 16:9. 720x480 is equal to 480 lines if progressive and 240 lines if interlaced (which it usually is as that is what most TVs are).
Again, scanlines should not be confused with lines of resolution. If all 720 columns of pixels can be resolved, then the dvd has 720*3/4=540 lines of resolution.
And FYI, HD cameras can resolve the full res of 1080i or 720p. They just aren't available for the consumer market yet. They are only for the broadcast market right now.
Some do, some don't. You would have to use a test pattern, and measure.
You have an IBM 704? Wow. That's amazing. Are you doing anything special to celebrate the anniversary?
Lines of resolution is something that dates from the old analogue days. A NTSC signal consists of 525 discrete scanlines, 480 of which are used to display video, but the number of columns varies with the set (and the video source.) Additionally, it's measured in a square area.
The VGA standard is 640x480 (16 color version). Assuming that the monitor is not crap, 480 lines could be resolved within the squared off area. The extra 160 don't count.
VHS is limited to 240 lines (320x480)
Broadcast TV is 330 lines (440*480)
Laserdisc and SVHS is ~420 lines (560*480)
DVDs store their information digitally, and the standard specifies a 720x480 picture. This is equivalent to 540 lines of resolution. On a computer, the display requires, of course, a 720x480 (4:3ish) or 854*480 (16x9) window to display it all in.
Similarly, a 720p picture requires a 1280*720 display, and 1080i necessitates the use of a 1920*1080 display. Not that you'll get all 1920 pixels across-- many HD cameras are only capable of resolving details for 1400 pixels, or about 800 lines of resolution.
No, the allocation isn't static. The two pbs stations near my home broadcast three or four SDTV streams during the day and and HDTV/SDTV pair at night.
It seems the PBS channels usually use extra channels for a educational channel, a children's channel, and sometimes a public affairs channel.
I'm not sure what the commercial channels do. Some of them add a 24 hour newsfeed. FOX was making angry noises about skipping the hdtv thing and just doing multicasts, (but of what, I'm not sure.) Maybe they sell the extra bandwidth.
You could use miriagram, though I doubt it's accepted by SI.
I'm currently reading "The Confusion"--picked it up a few days ago. It strikes me as a book on baroque economics more than anything else.
It seems I was a tad hasty. Perhaps some kind soul will distill it all in to a nice perl script.
The benchmarks would be a lot more credible and useful if scripts and data could be downloaded and run by readers.
My PowerMac G4 has a built in tripath digital amplifier. I can't say I use it much, except for headphones.