POV-Ray is not a program like Photoshop. POV-Ray could better be compared to a program like 3DS Max, or Lightwave, or any other 3D Modelling software. For a free equivalent to Photoshop, you should use GNU's "The GIMP" (GNU Image Manipulation Program).
To program a 1-minute full-motion 3D scene in POV-Ray? Well that depends on the complexity... how many primitives you are using, and such like. You will need to have a VERY clear idea in your head of what you want, before you even begin. POV-Ray is, as I said before, not terribly easy to use. It's EXTREMELY powerfull though. You just need to invest 15 lifetimes in learning how to use it.:-D
No you don't, that's just it. POV-Ray is incredibly light-weight on your machine. It works by processing plain text files, which have scene definitions written in a pseudo-code language. If you have a machine that is sucky, it will just take that much longer to process your final image. You have used POV-Ray before?
Seriously, POV-Ray is a great piece of software, but if it's not changed since I last used it, then you need to be some kind of math/spacial-relationships/geometry god to create anything cool. Muchos Respect going to those who can do that stuff.
Dude, up until about a week ago, I used to work in a store that sold games. Though we didn't have to, we had a nice big sign about games ratings. On top of that, her in the UK, games such as GTA, which feature realistic violence and such get a legally binding rating the same as films.
This doesn't stop the parents buying the game. I tell parents who are buying the game for their kids, "Do you know this game allows your child to screw hookers, and then beat their brains out with a bat?", and they're like, "Yeah, sure, give me the game already."
I'm not being flippant. Parents think it's fine for kids to play GTA: Vice City. I do my best, but there's no law against selling it to the parent.
Not by a long way are all of the tech support call centres this bad. I have a buddy who works in one, and I myself once undertook the training to work for the same one. Which one? Not telling, sorry... suffice it to say that they're pretty big. It only took them a week or so to decide that we were not compatible. My fault. I have a smart mouth when it comes to tech issues, y' know?
Anyway, they weren't all hardcore geeks, but they were all computer literate, the guys in my induction group. The instructor was a distinctly non-techie type of chap, but they called in the real techies for some sessions. The suit was only to educate us in the fine art of customer service, and company policy. Don't judge all call centres by this article, please. T
Ok, most folks posting here have either posted sex stuff which you would not ask for advice on, and would not want to receive advice on either, or they have not listened to what you asked. You asked for techie ideas, that were affordable. I got some o' those:
Any of these may be a good idea if he doesn't already have them.
* Good quality cordless optical mouse.
* Extra controllers for his games consoles.
* Extra memory cards.
* Extra RAM.
* Star Trek or Babylon 5 DVDs
* Replacement Keyboard (They wear out quicker
than you think)
* More comfy chair for workstation.
* Subscription to his favourite IT/Games
magazine.
OK, so I know they're all geek cliches but they very well may be true anyway. Especially I recomend the cordless optical mouse if he does not have one. They transform the way you use your PC. Also, recordable or re-writable CDs NEVER go amiss, most geeks I know get through millions of the damn things. It also goes without saying that a new game is a decent option. Although it comes frought with pitfalls, such as buying one that turns out to be sub-standard. Of course, I'm sure that you have a local store with a no-questions 10-day return policy, like GAME in the UK, so that would not be a disaster
In the case of plagiarised university work, as in the case of free software, the "ratio" is of no concern. It is an offense against the law and against decency to profit from the work of another without their express consent. I pray that you never have reason to covet the minor work of software that I have created, or shall someday create since you would no doubt have no compunctions about misapropriating them since you would find them released as free software. While my work in the field of free software is currently insignificant beyond belief, I wish to now give notice that should I discover that it has been stolen, or misused in any way which is not covered by the terms of the aforementioned GPL, I would choose to pursue the perpetrator unto the full extent of the law. Why? Because if I choose to write software, it will be FREE. It must always remain so. All derived works from the project of which it is a part must remain so, in order that you MAY NOT choose to take freely of the work of others, while intending to hoard your own derived works for your own gain. After all, it is not as if anyone has forced you to use free software. If you do not like the terms under which you receive it, then you are free to choose other software.
In closing, may I just say that as one who has attempted to write code in the past, and may yet attempt to write code in the future, I have not the words to express the fear and anger you make me feel with your blithe statements that you would take what I create and pervert the sentiments of freedom under which I created it. You would steal that which I might create by the sweat of my brow? Damn you! It would be mine, to give to all who want it, and you should not take it to have for your own!
So what you are saying, then is this: It's quite alright for me, as a University student, to appropriate the essay which has been written by one of my fellow students, and then turn it in as my own work? Provided, of course that I 'went the extra mile' by adding a snappy introductory paragraph or two.
If this truly is the view that you subscribe to, Sir, then truly you do give me cause for concern. Such behaviour as you describe on the part of a software company would be little better than common theft. I take it, that unless you recant your views, I would not find you calling the police department, in the event that your house were to be burglarised?
The suggestion you make is broadly similar to the ideas that I've been having about my future career lately, strangely enough. Mind you, I have 2 years left of my degree - I only just started this year - and I'm not going do anything until then.
That is why I never tried be-your-own-boss software engineering as a career. I'm a decent enough tinkerer, who has just about enough talent with programming and IT generally to garner a substantial reputation among my less-than-100% techie buddies. On the other hand, I see some of the stuff that other hobbyist programmers come up with and I know that I could never have done that. Having seen it done, I could maybe do it again, but that is not enough to get ahead in business, now is it?
As it is, I'm the biggest propellorhead in the English dept. at my university, and I still find time to code for fun sometimes.
I love Linux. I use MS software and their OS a fair bit too, but I love Linux. I really don't care what OS runs my devices though. My PC, I want it to run a GNU/Linux OS and other free software when possible. My phone? I just don't really care. Am I that unusual? I just want my phone to work well, and do all that the glossy advert promised that it would. As long as it does that, it can run CPM for all I care!
Too darned right! I've earned my stripes with cool/crazy projects, but my home is a place where I need to relax. Doing stuff the hard way when there is a perfectly good easy way availible to you is not geeky at all IMO. It's just crazy.
Caveat: There has to be no appreciable difference between the results obtained. If the hard way is better even if only by a little, then it is still worth doing. The proof of this particular pudding will be in the eating. So kindly report back on it, you rich early adopters!:-)
Wasn't this essentially the original vision behind the X-Box? I mean sure it got sort of dilluted and the Box became more consoley as things progressed, but still. I mean, posters in this thread are already referring to the idea of manufacturers making a slightly different version of their games to work with this shiney new gizmo. Personally I hope to God it fails, since the multiplication of formats means I have to spread my money that much more thinly.
On a related note, what happened to the Indrema? That was supposed to be (linux-based) PC/Console hybrid too... anyone have the hot scoop?
That's not what he meant. He means that they sell at a low price on the understanding that 90% of customers will only log on a few times a week. They pay for the heavier use customer. It all balances out across a complete user base. Except when it does not. Like when this guy got his letter. That was true for Narrowband. I just was not aware that it was still true for Broadband
I'm well aware that I'm in the minority, but I believe that convergence in the form which the megacorps are currently attempting to foist upon us is a dead horse which they are attempting to flog.
This on the other hand is my idea of the future. A single, well thought-out component of a larger, modular system. Having a PC with a nice screen instead of a telly is one thing. Having all the media files that are on your PC availible across a wireless network through this handy little gizmo is quite another. Where can I get one? When can I get one? This could cut down on just so of the many (frankly worrying) chunks of wire spaghetti that currently run between PC and TC/HiFi.
Here in the UK, I'm aware that some ISPs have a limitation on use of Narrowband products. One of my favourite websites used to go down quite regularly, due to excessive bandwidth consumption. However, as best I've ever been aware, Broadband should be without artificial limits. I was also under the impression that the one limit of the technology was the inherent limit on the width of the pipe that you pay for. In other words, I thought that if you were paying for a 512k connection your max uplink and downlink bandwidth was set in stone.
The original poster was not saying that the book needs "mind-altering substances" to be enjoyable. He was merely saying, in a humorous kind of way that if you have a conservative point of view, then you're less than likely to enjoy the book.
For the sake of what ever it is you hold holy, can you please try to READ someone's post before responding to it? This is absolutely the last time I'm going to waste my (metaphorical) breath and risk negative moderation to try and point out the blindingly obvious to you!
There is a huge difference between those people who prefer not to smoke pot, and those who could reasonably be called pot-haters. If you do not agree, then for sanity's sake tell me! As a corollary of that, please tell me, using block quotes if necesary, where in the review it was stated, "You must be high on Cannabis to enjoy this book," or words to similar effect. As to me being 'defensive', what's your point? Say it for all to hear. I'm game if you are. After all, Karma is just a number, right? If you're not prepared to respond to my points with some kind of counter-argument which has an element of logic to it, then kindly leave me to enjoy my/. in peace!
If you use this feature and expect it to be secure in my opinion you're just asking for trouble. Of course this is M$'s fault, but really! Is this a surprise to anyone. I mean, anything can be hacked in time, but a password-protected word document? I've forgotten passwords myself in the past and decrypted the file in about a half-hour, and I'm hardly what you'd call a l33t d00d! I mean FFS! It's a word processor. Two answers to this. A) Don't let anyone but you have access to the file. Protect your PC and it's harddrive. B) Use something like steganos, or something better to securely encrypt your files. Don't trust in the MS. Anyway, everyone should be using AbiWord.
Well, Google made a huge leap forward from the old-guard, of AltaVista & Yahoo, who were in their own way a huge leap beyond what had gone before. We had to expect this to happen sooner or later, but two things spring irresistably to mind.
1)Will it gain the enormous foothold in the collective consciousness that Google has acquired? To Google is now a verb... and it gets mentioned on Buffy, which is as good a cultural barometer as we are ever likely to have.:-)
2)Will the UI and secondary services (such as the ODP, and Google Groups) be as good as Google itself? Also, while I'm sure that it will happen one day, I'll believe it when I use it and not before... Oh, and the Paris Hilton thing? LOL! That sort of anti-result comes back from search engines *a lot*. I was just talking to my mom about searches of that type of ambiguous nature the other day.
Ok Aumaden. You and the other posters have convinced me. I think that what I really meant was that I'm sick of scientific advances seeming to happen in the field of engines of destruction more often than in fields which I percieve as more important.
Poor examples from the TV? My mistake, I was trying to offer a pair of examples that might be familliar to the poster. Yours too, by the looks of it. By the way. What the hell is this po-thead bull? Is this the latest meme circulating around the net this week, or do you actually think that it's funny in some strange way. Grow up! I cited examples that I thought everyone would recognise. I recognize pot-heads and new-agers because my social circle is full of both! I never said I was not a pot-head. I never said I was either. I might be... So what's the diff? It doesn't reflect on me either way. Lots of people enjoy intoxicant chemicals. Anyone can put "words" into "double quotes" and change the meaning of what someone said, but I was merely trying to point out that new-agers and pot-heads are NOT one and the same thing, and that what Zontroll said was not the intent of the original story at all!
That's a real step forward in a technological sort of a way, but why? Have we had a problem with poor standards in fighter pilot training in recent years? I have to admit that if either the US or anywhere else, including my beloved UK has had this problem I had not heard. Seems like a lot of effort for not too much reward to me but what do I know?
Dude, not everyone who smokes pot occasionally is a pot-head. Not everyone who chooses not to smoke pot is a pot-hater. I like a joint sometimes. Many of my friends do not. They don't hate joints, they just prefer not to indulge. Big difference. People who hate weed tend to be your conservative types. They won't like this sort of thing, as a rule. And no, while there's a substantial overlap between pot-heads and new-agers, they are not the same thing. A new-ager is like Dharma's mom, on Dharma & Greg. A pot-head is like Jay, from the Kevin Smith movies. You see any real resemblance there? Thought not. Try thinking before posting, it helps. Either that or drop the Zon part of your name. And as for that last point? You must have been joking, 'cause if you were not... dude that's weak!
While I don't think it's what you're referring to precisely, there has been a considerable move to outsourcing customer service call-centres in recent years. I think that in some cases this has led to a much higher level of customer service from the companies concerned. That's outsourcing taken care of. Offshoring, or moving the business outside of the UK (in these cases) has been considered lately as well. This seems to be having the opposite effect, as the new centres in foreign parts are staffed with inexperience workers without the requisite communication skills. It's going to continue as a trend though. Because it makes money. Cost rules all these days. No one cares about the service level, just about the profit margin. Right? If I seem a little hostile about this particular trend, it may be because the jobs of a few people I know are under threat as a result of it.
Slashdot Mirror
POV-Ray is not a program like Photoshop. POV-Ray could better be compared to a program like 3DS Max, or Lightwave, or any other 3D Modelling software. For a free equivalent to Photoshop, you should use GNU's "The GIMP" (GNU Image Manipulation Program).
:-D
To program a 1-minute full-motion 3D scene in POV-Ray? Well that depends on the complexity... how many primitives you are using, and such like. You will need to have a VERY clear idea in your head of what you want, before you even begin. POV-Ray is, as I said before, not terribly easy to use. It's EXTREMELY powerfull though. You just need to invest 15 lifetimes in learning how to use it.
No you don't, that's just it. POV-Ray is incredibly light-weight on your machine. It works by processing plain text files, which have scene definitions written in a pseudo-code language. If you have a machine that is sucky, it will just take that much longer to process your final image. You have used POV-Ray before?
Seriously, POV-Ray is a great piece of software, but if it's not changed since I last used it, then you need to be some kind of math/spacial-relationships/geometry god to create anything cool. Muchos Respect going to those who can do that stuff.
Dude, up until about a week ago, I used to work in a store that sold games. Though we didn't have to, we had a nice big sign about games ratings. On top of that, her in the UK, games such as GTA, which feature realistic violence and such get a legally binding rating the same as films.
This doesn't stop the parents buying the game. I tell parents who are buying the game for their kids, "Do you know this game allows your child to screw hookers, and then beat their brains out with a bat?", and they're like, "Yeah, sure, give me the game already."
I'm not being flippant. Parents think it's fine for kids to play GTA: Vice City. I do my best, but there's no law against selling it to the parent.
Not by a long way are all of the tech support call centres this bad. I have a buddy who works in one, and I myself once undertook the training to work for the same one. Which one? Not telling, sorry... suffice it to say that they're pretty big. It only took them a week or so to decide that we were not compatible. My fault. I have a smart mouth when it comes to tech issues, y' know?
Anyway, they weren't all hardcore geeks, but they were all computer literate, the guys in my induction group. The instructor was a distinctly non-techie type of chap, but they called in the real techies for some sessions. The suit was only to educate us in the fine art of customer service, and company policy. Don't judge all call centres by this article, please. T
Ok, most folks posting here have either posted sex stuff which you would not ask for advice on, and would not want to receive advice on either, or they have not listened to what you asked. You asked for techie ideas, that were affordable.
I got some o' those:
Any of these may be a good idea if he doesn't already have them.
* Good quality cordless optical mouse.
* Extra controllers for his games consoles.
* Extra memory cards.
* Extra RAM.
* Star Trek or Babylon 5 DVDs
* Replacement Keyboard (They wear out quicker
than you think)
* More comfy chair for workstation.
* Subscription to his favourite IT/Games
magazine.
OK, so I know they're all geek cliches but they very well may be true anyway. Especially I recomend the cordless optical mouse if he does not have one. They transform the way you use your PC.
Also, recordable or re-writable CDs NEVER go amiss, most geeks I know get through millions of the damn things. It also goes without saying that a new game is a decent option. Although it comes frought with pitfalls, such as buying one that turns out to be sub-standard. Of course, I'm sure that you have a local store with a no-questions
10-day return policy, like GAME in the UK, so that would not be a disaster
In the case of plagiarised university work, as in the case of free software, the "ratio" is of no concern. It is an offense against the law and against decency to profit from the work of another without their express consent.
I pray that you never have reason to covet the minor work of software that I have created, or shall someday create since you would no doubt have no compunctions about misapropriating them since you would find them released as free software. While my work in the field of free software is currently insignificant beyond belief, I wish to now give notice that should I discover that it has been stolen, or misused in any way which is not covered by the terms of the aforementioned GPL, I would choose to pursue the perpetrator unto the full extent of the law. Why? Because if I choose to write software, it will be FREE. It must always remain so. All derived works from the project of which it is a part must remain so, in order that you MAY NOT choose to take freely of the work of others, while intending to hoard your own derived works for your own gain.
After all, it is not as if anyone has forced you to use free software. If you do not like the terms under which you receive it, then you are free to choose other software.
In closing, may I just say that as one who has attempted to write code in the past, and may yet attempt to write code in the future, I have not the words to express the fear and anger you make me feel with your blithe statements that you would take what I create and pervert the sentiments of freedom under which I created it. You would steal that which I might create by the sweat of my brow? Damn you! It would be mine, to give to all who want it, and you should not take it to have for your own!
Oh, really?
So what you are saying, then is this: It's quite alright for me, as a University student, to appropriate the essay which has been written by one of my fellow students, and then turn it in as my own work? Provided, of course that I 'went the extra mile' by adding a snappy introductory paragraph or two.
If this truly is the view that you subscribe to, Sir, then truly you do give me cause for concern. Such behaviour as you describe on the part of a software company would be little better than common theft. I take it, that unless you recant your views, I would not find you calling the police department, in the event that your house were to be burglarised?
The suggestion you make is broadly similar to the ideas that I've been having about my future career lately, strangely enough. Mind you, I have 2 years left of my degree - I only just started this year - and I'm not going do anything until then.
That is why I never tried be-your-own-boss software engineering as a career. I'm a decent enough tinkerer, who has just about enough talent with programming and IT generally to garner a substantial reputation among my less-than-100% techie buddies. On the other hand, I see some of the stuff that other hobbyist programmers come up with and I know that I could never have done that. Having seen it done, I could maybe do it again, but that is not enough to get ahead in business, now is it?
As it is, I'm the biggest propellorhead in the English dept. at my university, and I still find time to code for fun sometimes.
I love Linux. I use MS software and their OS a fair bit too, but I love Linux. I really don't care what OS runs my devices though. My PC, I want it to run a GNU/Linux OS and other free software when possible. My phone? I just don't really care. Am I that unusual? I just want my phone to work well, and do all that the glossy advert promised that it would. As long as it does that, it can run CPM for all I care!
Too darned right! I've earned my stripes with cool/crazy projects, but my home is a place where I need to relax. Doing stuff the hard way when there is a perfectly good easy way availible to you is not geeky at all IMO. It's just crazy.
:-)
Caveat: There has to be no appreciable difference between the results obtained. If the hard way is better even if only by a little, then it is still worth doing. The proof of this particular pudding will be in the eating. So kindly report back on it, you rich early adopters!
Wasn't this essentially the original vision behind the X-Box? I mean sure it got sort of dilluted and the Box became more consoley as things progressed, but still. I mean, posters in this thread are already referring to the idea of manufacturers making a slightly different version of their games to work with this shiney new gizmo.
Personally I hope to God it fails, since the multiplication of formats means I have to spread my money that much more thinly.
On a related note, what happened to the Indrema? That was supposed to be (linux-based) PC/Console hybrid too... anyone have the hot scoop?
That's not what he meant. He means that they sell at a low price on the understanding that 90% of customers will only log on a few times a week. They pay for the heavier use customer. It all balances out across a complete user base. Except when it does not. Like when this guy got his letter. That was true for Narrowband. I just was not aware that it was still true for Broadband
I'm well aware that I'm in the minority, but I believe that convergence in the form which the megacorps are currently attempting to foist upon us is a dead horse which they are attempting to flog.
This on the other hand is my idea of the future. A single, well thought-out component of a larger, modular system. Having a PC with a nice screen instead of a telly is one thing. Having all the media files that are on your PC availible across a wireless network through this handy little gizmo is quite another. Where can I get one? When can I get one? This could cut down on just so of the many (frankly worrying) chunks of wire spaghetti that currently run between PC and TC/HiFi.
Here in the UK, I'm aware that some ISPs have a limitation on use of Narrowband products. One of my favourite websites used to go down quite regularly, due to excessive bandwidth consumption. However, as best I've ever been aware, Broadband should be without artificial limits. I was also under the impression that the one limit of the technology was the inherent limit on the width of the pipe that you pay for. In other words, I thought that if you were paying for a 512k connection your max uplink and downlink bandwidth was set in stone.
The original poster was not saying that the book needs "mind-altering substances" to be enjoyable. He was merely saying, in a humorous kind of way that if you have a conservative point of view, then you're less than likely to enjoy the book.
/. in peace!
For the sake of what ever it is you hold holy, can you please try to READ someone's post before responding to it? This is absolutely the last time I'm going to waste my (metaphorical) breath and risk negative moderation to try and point out the blindingly obvious to you!
There is a huge difference between those people who prefer not to smoke pot, and those who could reasonably be called pot-haters. If you do not agree, then for sanity's sake tell me! As a corollary of that, please tell me, using block quotes if necesary, where in the review it was stated, "You must be high on Cannabis to enjoy this book," or words to similar effect. As to me being 'defensive', what's your point? Say it for all to hear. I'm game if you are. After all, Karma is just a number, right?
If you're not prepared to respond to my points with some kind of counter-argument which has an element of logic to it, then kindly leave me to enjoy my
If you use this feature and expect it to be secure in my opinion you're just asking for trouble. Of course this is M$'s fault, but really! Is this a surprise to anyone. I mean, anything can be hacked in time, but a password-protected word document? I've forgotten passwords myself in the past and decrypted the file in about a half-hour, and I'm hardly what you'd call a l33t d00d! I mean FFS! It's a word processor. Two answers to this. A) Don't let anyone but you have access to the file. Protect your PC and it's harddrive. B) Use something like steganos, or something better to securely encrypt your files. Don't trust in the MS. Anyway, everyone should be using AbiWord.
Well, Google made a huge leap forward from the old-guard, of AltaVista & Yahoo, who were in their own way a huge leap beyond what had gone before. We had to expect this to happen sooner or later, but two things spring irresistably to mind.
:-)
1)Will it gain the enormous foothold in the collective consciousness that Google has acquired? To Google is now a verb... and it gets mentioned on Buffy, which is as good a cultural barometer as we are ever likely to have.
2)Will the UI and secondary services (such as the ODP, and Google Groups) be as good as Google itself?
Also, while I'm sure that it will happen one day, I'll believe it when I use it and not before... Oh, and the Paris Hilton thing? LOL! That sort of anti-result comes back from search engines *a lot*. I was just talking to my mom about searches of that type of ambiguous nature the other day.
Ok Aumaden. You and the other posters have convinced me. I think that what I really meant was that I'm sick of scientific advances seeming to happen in the field of engines of destruction more often than in fields which I percieve as more important.
Poor examples from the TV? My mistake, I was trying to offer a pair of examples that might be familliar to the poster. Yours too, by the looks of it. By the way. What the hell is this po-thead bull? Is this the latest meme circulating around the net this week, or do you actually think that it's funny in some strange way. Grow up! I cited examples that I thought everyone would recognise. I recognize pot-heads and new-agers because my social circle is full of both! I never said I was not a pot-head. I never said I was either. I might be... So what's the diff? It doesn't reflect on me either way. Lots of people enjoy intoxicant chemicals. Anyone can put "words" into "double quotes" and change the meaning of what someone said, but I was merely trying to point out that new-agers and pot-heads are NOT one and the same thing, and that what Zontroll said was not the intent of the original story at all!
That's a real step forward in a technological sort of a way, but why? Have we had a problem with poor standards in fighter pilot training in recent years? I have to admit that if either the US or anywhere else, including my beloved UK has had this problem I had not heard.
Seems like a lot of effort for not too much reward to me but what do I know?
Dude, not everyone who smokes pot occasionally is a pot-head. Not everyone who chooses not to smoke pot is a pot-hater. I like a joint sometimes. Many of my friends do not. They don't hate joints, they just prefer not to indulge. Big difference. People who hate weed tend to be your conservative types. They won't like this sort of thing, as a rule. And no, while there's a substantial overlap between pot-heads and new-agers, they are not the same thing. A new-ager is like Dharma's mom, on Dharma & Greg. A pot-head is like Jay, from the Kevin Smith movies. You see any real resemblance there? Thought not. Try thinking before posting, it helps. Either that or drop the Zon part of your name. And as for that last point? You must have been joking, 'cause if you were not... dude that's weak!
I always believed in aliens. Looking forward to this book!
While I don't think it's what you're referring to precisely, there has been a considerable move to outsourcing customer service call-centres in recent years. I think that in some cases this has led to a much higher level of customer service from the companies concerned. That's outsourcing taken care of. Offshoring, or moving the business outside of the UK (in these cases) has been considered lately as well. This seems to be having the opposite effect, as the new centres in foreign parts are staffed with inexperience workers without the requisite communication skills. It's going to continue as a trend though. Because it makes money. Cost rules all these days. No one cares about the service level, just about the profit margin. Right?
If I seem a little hostile about this particular trend, it may be because the jobs of a few people I know are under threat as a result of it.