Aside from not using a PL-series connector, I think there are rules to specifically prohibit removable antennas or antenna connectors on FRS radios to prevent people form doing exactly what you describe - adding an external high gain antenna.
GMRS (which requires a license) allows for repeaters, so that's what you'd want if you feel the need to boost your signal.
Of course you could join us Amateur Radio folk and have the best of all worlds - frequencies from DC to light (almost!), and much higher power limits. It really is fun.
If you're interesting in such things, look into the research Amateur Radio operators have done into HF radio protocols such as PSK31, TOR, Clover, MFSK16, etc. I have personally send data via PSK31 from my house in Va to Australia using 1 Watt of power. That's by no means a km/Watt record. See this database for contacts made.
This guy (who received my 1 Watt signal) is seriously into weak signal work.
That's funny, I already knew everything you said and understand the concept of thermal runaway. Ive posted in this forum on that very subject before.
The point I was trying to make was that there is no reason a priori that LEDs should be as temperature sensitive as the electrolytic capacitors used in CFLs. They should easily handle any environmental temperature swings. Any changes in Vfwd, etc can be compensated for with PTC resistor/thermistor (another very temperature-tolerant component) or a constant current supply (a FET can act as a constant current source).
LED lamps will almost certainly have the same thermal failure problems for precisely the same reason. Electronic circuits are simply not designed to operate at such high temperatures, and when you try to use them that way, they will fail much, much sooner than they ordinarily would.
Not to burst your bubble, but you know that LEDs are made from silicon and other semiconductors jut like MOSFETS and CPU's, right? They run at _very_ high temperatures - the max junction temperature of many MOSFETS can run as high as 175-200C!
This figure shows a Vfwd vs temp graph of an LED junction temp of 120C.
...visit the Falkirk Wheel in Sterling, Scotland. It's quite a feat of engineering, and thanks to Archimedes' principle, it takes very little power to turn it since the two boat slips always weight exactly the same regardless if one has a huge boat and the other is empty!
Of course Edinburgh and Inverness are beautiful in their own right, so a jaunt through Scotland wouldn't hurt.
The videos clearly show that it isn't useful for keeping structure intact.
I disagree. The videos show me that the main failure mode of masonry walls is by 'folding' when the joins between blocks separate. This sheeting is very strong in tension, apparently, and prevents the block joints from opening to the point of causing the wall to tumble. I assume the results from a bomb overpressure wave would be similar to those from the wrecking ball.
Didn't they feature a similar experiment of one of those "Mythbusters" knockoff shows? IIRC, they used pickup truck bed liner sprayed on the test walls, and had similar results.
There are many issues with CPUs - they are just so well-hidden and/or obscure that you never see them. With the advent of updatable microcode, you'll see fewer flaws that need permanent work-arounds.
Your examples point out DoS (denial of service) attacks where a malicious person denies the real user access to a resource. I fear 'takeover' or man-in-the-middle attacks where valid commands can be sent by the malicious person. By switching transmission lines in and out, or by cross-connecting circuits, a whole substation or generating plant could be taken out for months.
Building a system for failsafe operation is completely different than defending against a concerted effort to cause trouble. The first assumes benign operators and link failures; the second requires that you assume the worst (hacked access, hijacked credentials, etc).
Amateur radio repeater operators have had to deal with both, unfortunately.
Only recently has there been any concern whatsoever given to securing the thousands of SCADA links that monitor and control our electrical grid. The protocols are extremely basic, and anyone with a small amount of radio knowledge could easily override the point-to-point radio links commonly in use.
For instance, this substation used to have a tower with a microwave SCADA link to Dominion's control point. Combine that knowledge with a little public searching of the FCC site, and you've got the exact frequencies used. It looks like they've abandoned the 10GHz microwave links, but I hope they're using dedicated fiber and not internet-based VPNs or the 950 MHz transmitter that uses 2k00A2D modulation.
You can burn up the long-lived actinides resulting in waste that's 'hot' for 100's of years instead of 100's of thousands, not to mention reduce the volume of waste by a factor of almost 100. See this paper for some really good information.
I actually do understand your points. That's why I'm in favor of expanding the number of tools we software architects have available to bring to bear against projects that don't always fit the relational paradigm and/or that don't mesh well with SQL.
As for object persistence, I mention that as my current area of interest where I think more research will be needed as object stores grow in size and are scaled horizontally.
Slashdot Mirror
The idle line voltage is 48 V, but the ring voltage is more like 200 V at 20 Hz. That stings a bit.
<pedant>
Telephones include filtering circuitry to keep the signal's frequency within the proscribed range...
Wouldn't that be the prescribed range?
</pedant>
All residential electric meters read the real power consumed, not the apparent power, so power factor does not play a part in your electric bill.
Many commercial customers are charged fees based on their monthly worst power factor. When you have a 1200A 480V service, apparent power matters!
Aside from not using a PL-series connector, I think there are rules to specifically prohibit removable antennas or antenna connectors on FRS radios to prevent people form doing exactly what you describe - adding an external high gain antenna.
GMRS (which requires a license) allows for repeaters, so that's what you'd want if you feel the need to boost your signal.
Of course you could join us Amateur Radio folk and have the best of all worlds - frequencies from DC to light (almost!), and much higher power limits. It really is fun.
If you're interesting in such things, look into the research Amateur Radio operators have done into HF radio protocols such as PSK31, TOR, Clover, MFSK16, etc. I have personally send data via PSK31 from my house in Va to Australia using 1 Watt of power. That's by no means a km/Watt record. See this database for contacts made.
This guy (who received my 1 Watt signal) is seriously into weak signal work.
That's funny, I already knew everything you said and understand the concept of thermal runaway. Ive posted in this forum on that very subject before.
The point I was trying to make was that there is no reason a priori that LEDs should be as temperature sensitive as the electrolytic capacitors used in CFLs. They should easily handle any environmental temperature swings. Any changes in Vfwd, etc can be compensated for with PTC resistor/thermistor (another very temperature-tolerant component) or a constant current supply (a FET can act as a constant current source).
LED lamps will almost certainly have the same thermal failure problems for precisely the same reason. Electronic circuits are simply not designed to operate at such high temperatures, and when you try to use them that way, they will fail much, much sooner than they ordinarily would.
Not to burst your bubble, but you know that LEDs are made from silicon and other semiconductors jut like MOSFETS and CPU's, right? They run at _very_ high temperatures - the max junction temperature of many MOSFETS can run as high as 175-200C!
This figure shows a Vfwd vs temp graph of an LED junction temp of 120C.
If h=0 you lose kinetic energy completely.
Well let's get Congress to declare h=0 ASAP! Think of all the lives we'll save from kinetic energy-less car crashes.
...visit the Falkirk Wheel in Sterling, Scotland. It's quite a feat of engineering, and thanks to Archimedes' principle, it takes very little power to turn it since the two boat slips always weight exactly the same regardless if one has a huge boat and the other is empty!
Of course Edinburgh and Inverness are beautiful in their own right, so a jaunt through Scotland wouldn't hurt.
Found the Smash Lab link in another post: http://www.rhinoliningsindustrial.com/videos.php?video_id=244
Scotland. But then there are the Midges. So many, in fact, that they have a Midge Forecast!
The videos clearly show that it isn't useful for keeping structure intact.
I disagree. The videos show me that the main failure mode of masonry walls is by 'folding' when the joins between blocks separate. This sheeting is very strong in tension, apparently, and prevents the block joints from opening to the point of causing the wall to tumble. I assume the results from a bomb overpressure wave would be similar to those from the wrecking ball.
Didn't they feature a similar experiment of one of those "Mythbusters" knockoff shows? IIRC, they used pickup truck bed liner sprayed on the test walls, and had similar results.
A Dr. Strangelove quote.
See all the _hardware_ errata at Microchip.com.
Pentium Floating Point error, anyone?
There are many issues with CPUs - they are just so well-hidden and/or obscure that you never see them. With the advent of updatable microcode, you'll see fewer flaws that need permanent work-arounds.
Anyone -- citizen and non-citizen -- in Germany and France is entitled to freedom of speech.
Unless you're in Germany and you say anything that contradicts the official party line with regard to The Holocaust.
That reminds me of my favorite Java n00b null check (I've seen this in the wild):
if (myObject.equals(null)) ....
You keep my precious bodily fluids out of this! I warn you, my name is a Killing Word.
And commandment 666 says that Satan can read and write everything, but isn't allowed execute privileges.
Your examples point out DoS (denial of service) attacks where a malicious person denies the real user access to a resource. I fear 'takeover' or man-in-the-middle attacks where valid commands can be sent by the malicious person. By switching transmission lines in and out, or by cross-connecting circuits, a whole substation or generating plant could be taken out for months.
Building a system for failsafe operation is completely different than defending against a concerted effort to cause trouble. The first assumes benign operators and link failures; the second requires that you assume the worst (hacked access, hijacked credentials, etc).
Amateur radio repeater operators have had to deal with both, unfortunately.
Only recently has there been any concern whatsoever given to securing the thousands of SCADA links that monitor and control our electrical grid. The protocols are extremely basic, and anyone with a small amount of radio knowledge could easily override the point-to-point radio links commonly in use.
For instance, this substation used to have a tower with a microwave SCADA link to Dominion's control point. Combine that knowledge with a little public searching of the FCC site, and you've got the exact frequencies used. It looks like they've abandoned the 10GHz microwave links, but I hope they're using dedicated fiber and not internet-based VPNs or the 950 MHz transmitter that uses 2k00A2D modulation.
Skinny Minny. I apply 1225N to my couch.
You can burn up the long-lived actinides resulting in waste that's 'hot' for 100's of years instead of 100's of thousands, not to mention reduce the volume of waste by a factor of almost 100. See this paper for some really good information.
I actually do understand your points. That's why I'm in favor of expanding the number of tools we software architects have available to bring to bear against projects that don't always fit the relational paradigm and/or that don't mesh well with SQL.
As for object persistence, I mention that as my current area of interest where I think more research will be needed as object stores grow in size and are scaled horizontally.
Pot, meet Kettle.