It doesn't end, and shouldn't. Every circumstance is different, and new problems can and will present themselves. This is why we have a legislature and government, instead of relying on black-and-white totalitarian laws and regulation, set in stone and not allowing adjustments to reality.
One of the functions of a modern government is to protect the minorities from a tyranny of the majority, and make sure that justice is kept blind, even if it means we sometimes have to deliberately blindfold her.
But it isn't clear why bias is a problem here. If it correctly identifies a white thief 90% of the time, and a black thief 80% of the time, is it really better to "fix it" so that the white identification rate is lowered to 80%, so that it is "fair"?
Depending on the application, it could be, yes. The difference in false positive rate between 90% and 80% is double. If the recognition frequently leads to police action that can be harmful or disturbing for innocents, having a system that falsely identifies one group twice as much as another might cause tension. In that case, lowering the accuracy until it's equal across the board might be prudent, so black innocents aren't twice as likely[*] to be falsely targetted as white innocents are. Catching more thieves might not offset that injustice.
[*]: Or even more, if sequential targeting occurs, trying the second on the list if the first fails, then the third. The total error rate accumulates faster the higher the uncertainty.
For typical small headphones used with phones, no, they're not "a few magnitudes higher in currents". Line level is typically around +- 1.7V, and you can indeed drive some high impedance headphones from line out. (Not low impedance speakers, which if it doesn't short the output doesn't have nearly enough current to drive the elements.) Of course, that's not ideal, but it shows that it's in the same ballpark, not "a few magnitudes higher".
You were the one who brought up speaker cables and long runs. The 12 gauge or fatter speaker cables used there are a quite different animal to what you have dangling from earbuds, and not nearly as susceptible to interference. For the lightweight wire used for in-ear monitors, it's quite a different story. Heck, even adjusting the height of my desk causes hisses and scratches in my in-ear headphones, direct to my phone. But not when going through a headphone amp with a balanced output.
What? Really? Someone needs to go back and learn some basic E/M theory. Inducing a signal on both lines would result in a net zero for the load, because both sides of the load would be driven equally..
Um, that is what I said happens to a balanced connection. Unlike an unbalanced connection where one wire is shared.
Speaker wires are a completely different beast, with enormously more power.
Balanced output especially for portable headphones has a rather large effect on sound quality, perhaps most of all because the thin wires of portable headphones are susceptible to noise, and with a balanced output, any EM noise hitting both wires cancel exactly out. And it allows for higher voltage differential, which further raises the noise ceiling.
if the power circuit is internally reduced to -40 (ie has soaked ambient heat overnight) it's hard to expect much of the chemistry, if it's urgent I guess jam it in your pants or armpit.
One problem with many capacitive touch displays is that they stop working if your hands are cold and dry.
Hydrogen storage, as compared to battery storage, is about 60% more efficient by volume
I was comparing hydrogen to ICE, not to batteries. Hydrogen surely beats batteries in many ways, but I don't see it having many operational advantages over petrol/diesel.
- Being able to make calls, whether in tropical heat or it's -40. - Being able to charge it through standard micro-USB or USB-C. - A size that allows one-handed operation.
Agreed - however, the leaning of the passenger is also a big component of the stability of most two-wheel vehicles. Not having that, most autonomous two-wheel vehicles need to add a gyroscopic balancing system.
As kids, we had fun pushing our bicycles off a small hilltop and watched how they stayed upright - the one that got the farthest would "win". Most made it all the way, and my best friend had a bike that hardly ever fell over until it was at a standstill. Looking at it with hindsight, I suspect that his bike had a sharp enough front angle and heavy enough frame that it would auto-adjust better.
This is what most people think is the reason why bikes tend to stay stable. It's also mostly wrong. Sure, if running really fast with heavy wheeled motorbikes, the gyrostabilization effect is noticeable. But it's negligible for light bikes at lower speeds or smaller wheels. The main reason is how the front frame is angled. As long as a bike is going forward, a dip to the side combined with the rider's weight will angle the steering towards the middle, which helps right the bike.
This is something to look for when buying the first bike for a toddler. The more angled back the steering column is, the more stable it will be. A chopper is far more stable than a pennyfarthing.
I think they would be less of a menace. A riderless bike would presumably obey traffic laws and regulations, unlike a great many human bike riders who don't give a shit.
We put more people in jail because of the war on drugs.
Only around 1 of 5 of the US prison population has drug charges as the only or main reason. Both property crime and violent crime have far more incarcerations. https://static.prisonpolicy.or...
The ratio of incarcerations to the general population is sky high in the US compared to other countries even if every single one of the drug convicts were released.
There are many factors why the US has such a high number of inmates, including a for-profit prison system, elected judges (nobody will get elected on a promise to be more lenient than hard), but probably most of all inequality.
Nope [wikipedia.org]. You get about 9.7MJ/L for compressed hydrogen, and about 40% of that (4.3 MJ/L) for LiPo batteries.
And about 34-36 MJ/L for gasoline and diesel. That's more than four times as much energy per volume.
And if you need 700+ kg of tank to store your hydrogen - you're doing it wrong. Here's a massive 850L tank that would be equivalent energy storage to about 4800 kg of batteries - and it weighs 215 kg. Not even close.
See, here's the thing, with gasoline/diesel/kerosene, the total weight of the tank and fuel goes rapidly down as you use fuel. With hydrogen, almost all the weight is the container, so your efficiency is lower simply because you always have to move that extra mass around, even when near empty. Planes, for example, take care to not overfill so they won't have to haul more mass than needed. With hydrogen, there's little choice.
Hydrogen has about 142 MJ per kg, about 3X that of diesel and gasoline. Which themselves are about 25X that of LiPo batteries (the best, mass-producible rechargeable batteries out there). Making hydrogen about 75X the energy density of the best battery packs.
Except that the same mass of hydrogen takes up a HECK of a lot more volume. And once you factor in the mass of the containers and other hardware needed to secure hydrogen, the advantage per mass is no longer as clear either.
"I worry that reading volumes of hate mail is starting to get in my head and cause me to consider the potential angry male ramifications while I'm writing my reviews, thereby compromising my integrity."
What does the word "male" do in that sentence except adding sexism? Does it matter what gender the hate mailers have?
It's entirely possible that "aging" doesn't exist for species outside our solar system (if such aliens exist).
Immensely improbable, I would think. Without replacing the old with potentially better adaptations, there is no evolution, and it's hard to see how a "species" stage can be reached in the first place.
C is a fancy, unamerican way to measure temperature. Speed of light is c.
You must be American.
1: C is Coloumb, the SI unit for electric charge. (Degrees Celsius always needs the degree sign.) 2: It's not c, it's c. 3: It's not the speed of light, it's the speed of light in vacuum. The "in vacuum" part is very significant.
Once you're old enough to breed, evolution is done with you.
Evolution doesn't reward individuals, it rewards genes. Evolution continues rewarding the genes you passed on while you're still a net benefit to the survival and reproductive rate of your descendants.
Slashdot Mirror
It doesn't end, and shouldn't. Every circumstance is different, and new problems can and will present themselves. This is why we have a legislature and government, instead of relying on black-and-white totalitarian laws and regulation, set in stone and not allowing adjustments to reality.
One of the functions of a modern government is to protect the minorities from a tyranny of the majority, and make sure that justice is kept blind, even if it means we sometimes have to deliberately blindfold her.
But it isn't clear why bias is a problem here. If it correctly identifies a white thief 90% of the time, and a black thief 80% of the time, is it really better to "fix it" so that the white identification rate is lowered to 80%, so that it is "fair"?
Depending on the application, it could be, yes. The difference in false positive rate between 90% and 80% is double.
If the recognition frequently leads to police action that can be harmful or disturbing for innocents, having a system that falsely identifies one group twice as much as another might cause tension. In that case, lowering the accuracy until it's equal across the board might be prudent, so black innocents aren't twice as likely[*] to be falsely targetted as white innocents are.
Catching more thieves might not offset that injustice.
[*]: Or even more, if sequential targeting occurs, trying the second on the list if the first fails, then the third. The total error rate accumulates faster the higher the uncertainty.
For typical small headphones used with phones, no, they're not "a few magnitudes higher in currents".
Line level is typically around +- 1.7V, and you can indeed drive some high impedance headphones from line out. (Not low impedance speakers, which if it doesn't short the output doesn't have nearly enough current to drive the elements.) Of course, that's not ideal, but it shows that it's in the same ballpark, not "a few magnitudes higher".
You were the one who brought up speaker cables and long runs. The 12 gauge or fatter speaker cables used there are a quite different animal to what you have dangling from earbuds, and not nearly as susceptible to interference. For the lightweight wire used for in-ear monitors, it's quite a different story. Heck, even adjusting the height of my desk causes hisses and scratches in my in-ear headphones, direct to my phone. But not when going through a headphone amp with a balanced output.
What? Really? Someone needs to go back and learn some basic E/M theory. Inducing a signal on both lines would result in a net zero for the load, because both sides of the load would be driven equally..
Um, that is what I said happens to a balanced connection.
Unlike an unbalanced connection where one wire is shared.
Speaker wires are a completely different beast, with enormously more power.
Balanced output especially for portable headphones has a rather large effect on sound quality, perhaps most of all because the thin wires of portable headphones are susceptible to noise, and with a balanced output, any EM noise hitting both wires cancel exactly out. And it allows for higher voltage differential, which further raises the noise ceiling.
if the power circuit is internally reduced to -40 (ie has soaked ambient heat overnight) it's hard to expect much of the chemistry, if it's urgent I guess jam it in your pants or armpit.
One problem with many capacitive touch displays is that they stop working if your hands are cold and dry.
Why not just an XLR connector while you're at it?
Size. A 2.5mm balanced socket is smaller than a 3.5mm mini headphone one, while offering better sound quality.
Hydrogen storage, as compared to battery storage, is about 60% more efficient by volume
I was comparing hydrogen to ICE, not to batteries. Hydrogen surely beats batteries in many ways, but I don't see it having many operational advantages over petrol/diesel.
My list is slightly different from yours:
- Being able to make calls, whether in tropical heat or it's -40.
- Being able to charge it through standard micro-USB or USB-C.
- A size that allows one-handed operation.
I would prefer a 2.5 mm balanced port.
Agreed - however, the leaning of the passenger is also a big component of the stability of most two-wheel vehicles. Not having that, most autonomous two-wheel vehicles need to add a gyroscopic balancing system.
As kids, we had fun pushing our bicycles off a small hilltop and watched how they stayed upright - the one that got the farthest would "win". Most made it all the way, and my best friend had a bike that hardly ever fell over until it was at a standstill. Looking at it with hindsight, I suspect that his bike had a sharp enough front angle and heavy enough frame that it would auto-adjust better.
Your reading comprehension is terrible, because I never made a claim about all cyclists, just some of them. Learn about qualifiers.
Given that I don't have a cell phone, I'm not sure what laws I'm ignoring...
Gyroscope.
This is what most people think is the reason why bikes tend to stay stable. It's also mostly wrong.
Sure, if running really fast with heavy wheeled motorbikes, the gyrostabilization effect is noticeable. But it's negligible for light bikes at lower speeds or smaller wheels.
The main reason is how the front frame is angled. As long as a bike is going forward, a dip to the side combined with the rider's weight will angle the steering towards the middle, which helps right the bike.
This is something to look for when buying the first bike for a toddler. The more angled back the steering column is, the more stable it will be. A chopper is far more stable than a pennyfarthing.
I think they would be less of a menace. A riderless bike would presumably obey traffic laws and regulations, unlike a great many human bike riders who don't give a shit.
We put more people in jail because of the war on drugs.
Only around 1 of 5 of the US prison population has drug charges as the only or main reason. Both property crime and violent crime have far more incarcerations.
https://static.prisonpolicy.or...
The ratio of incarcerations to the general population is sky high in the US compared to other countries even if every single one of the drug convicts were released.
There are many factors why the US has such a high number of inmates, including a for-profit prison system, elected judges (nobody will get elected on a promise to be more lenient than hard), but probably most of all inequality.
There's a difference between convicted and elected.
Nope [wikipedia.org]. You get about 9.7MJ/L for compressed hydrogen, and about 40% of that (4.3 MJ/L) for LiPo batteries.
And about 34-36 MJ/L for gasoline and diesel. That's more than four times as much energy per volume.
And if you need 700+ kg of tank to store your hydrogen - you're doing it wrong. Here's a massive 850L tank that would be equivalent energy storage to about 4800 kg of batteries - and it weighs 215 kg. Not even close.
See, here's the thing, with gasoline/diesel/kerosene, the total weight of the tank and fuel goes rapidly down as you use fuel. With hydrogen, almost all the weight is the container, so your efficiency is lower simply because you always have to move that extra mass around, even when near empty. Planes, for example, take care to not overfill so they won't have to haul more mass than needed. With hydrogen, there's little choice.
Hydrogen has about 142 MJ per kg, about 3X that of diesel and gasoline. Which themselves are about 25X that of LiPo batteries (the best, mass-producible rechargeable batteries out there). Making hydrogen about 75X the energy density of the best battery packs.
Except that the same mass of hydrogen takes up a HECK of a lot more volume.
And once you factor in the mass of the containers and other hardware needed to secure hydrogen, the advantage per mass is no longer as clear either.
What does the word "male" do in that sentence except adding sexism? Does it matter what gender the hate mailers have?
This seems like it can be mitigated quite substantially by running three tests on each submitted sample. Of course, that would increase the costs.
It's entirely possible that "aging" doesn't exist for species outside our solar system (if such aliens exist).
Immensely improbable, I would think. Without replacing the old with potentially better adaptations, there is no evolution, and it's hard to see how a "species" stage can be reached in the first place.
C is a fancy, unamerican way to measure temperature. Speed of light is c.
You must be American.
1: C is Coloumb, the SI unit for electric charge. (Degrees Celsius always needs the degree sign.)
2: It's not c, it's c.
3: It's not the speed of light, it's the speed of light in vacuum. The "in vacuum" part is very significant.
Had anyone here heard the phrase âoeMona Lisa effectâ prior to a week or two ago?
Only with regards to her smile, as it's hard to get a consensus on whether she's smiling or not.
I think it's just hyperbole going into overdrive...
Once you're old enough to breed, evolution is done with you.
Evolution doesn't reward individuals, it rewards genes. Evolution continues rewarding the genes you passed on while you're still a net benefit to the survival and reproductive rate of your descendants.