LImit a resource and lets see how cutthroat all our countries get... and I am not talking about a resource necessary for the economic growth, but a resource necessary for a population's survival. All of a sudden killing the other guys becomes a survival necessity. I think the logic chain would be that some would venture out into space due to lack of resources. They will arm themselves with the same technology they needed to win the last great war on their home world. They will venture forth and take the resources they need to survive. This seems reasonable to me given scarce resources. The question is whether "technology" and population controls can buy a society out of the scarce resource problem.
Memtest86 finds really bad ram, not good ram. Without having knowledge of how each chip is internally arranged, access to the chip's test modes and the ability to control the temperature, there is no way to finish testing a modern DRAM in our lifetime.
Just take for example, the internal layout. If you had a 512M chip and you didn't know which cells were adjacent, you would have to write a single bit and read from every other word. We are talking x cells * y reads (*2 for writes). If you read 8 I/O's in parallel (remember I am talking about a chip, not a module) than we have 512M cells * (512/8)*2 = 7.2*10^16 OR 72 megagiga operations. Assuming you can keep about 200MHz worth of useful read/writes (remember most addresses aren't in the same page)than we are talking something like 11 years... for a single test that doesn't cover refresh, voltage/temperature margining.
Oh one more thing. Tou are really not sure if when you write a 1, the device stores it as a high charge or a low charge. Without knowing this, you will have to redo that same pattern a BUNCH of times.
Memtest86 is like a pilot walkaround on a plane. It can spot obvious things, but I sure hope I'm not the first one to fire up that jet engine.
FLOPs are a better measure, as a divide is a divide and a multiply is a multiply no matter what chip architecture you use.
A FLOP is a FLOP, except that the SPE's don't quite round in IEEE approved ways in order to decrease logic complexity... so it is a *little* different.
Last I checked (admittedly a few years ago), for the same process node, manufacturers were averaging a 20x difference in density between their DRAM and their performance SRAM lines. You could find denser SRAM's nearing 8x, but they were usually slower than DRAM (low power cell phone applications instead of high performance cache applications).
I am getting sick and tired of this. I am writing my Congressman. First a whole group of Doctors banned me. They go on the radio sounding all pious about the people they are helping, when they explicitly ban me from their group. And now the Cities are on the bandwagon. This sucks.
Please be aware that a BMW is no longer classified as an "automobile." It is now an "iPod accessory." Belkin is going to have a tough time competing with BMW's marketing budget.
Um, Micron owns Crucial so I wouldn't expect them to rock the boat too much. A better list of people to drop their price would be the other DRAM manufacturers, of which there are far fewer than 5 years ago. At this point, you have Samsung, Micron, Hynix (almost dead), Siemens, Elpida and assorted Taiwanese manufactures. Most of Japan's manufacturers collapsed. Elpida is the only one left. LG and Hyundai (Korea) merged into Hynix and have been bleeding ever since. The DRAM market has had a REALLY bad time of late...
That does work. It is not the antivirus software you are building up antibodies but the awareness of the people running those computers.
The scary part for me is that by bringing the person into the loop, you make it much more enticing for someone to offer a "computer service." All that virus stuff is a hassle, just sign up with IBM and we will make sure you can email/browse/word process without the risk of keeping your own machine online.
Kids these days. We only had 40 column uppercase. Every line looked like it was screaming at you. Sure the printer could do 80 column and lowercase, but we could only display uppercase. Word processors inverted the character to mean uppercase.
And the keyboard didn't support shift for uppercase (without that motherboard mod) and so you hit ESC before a letter to mean uppercase.
And don't get me started about the upgrade from 16K to 48K. The upgrade came with a sticker to put on your spacebar so you could brag.
And we could read so much faster than our 300 baud modem could download. And the manufacturer had a recall because the modem used phone company tones... as if anyone traded it in for a modem that couldn't be used to disconnect phones. Yes that Apple II+ rocked.
And people that I consider my peers would program on paper with holes. And let me tell you, they LOVED it.
First, DRAM companies have been dying. Japan is out of the game. Hynix (who used to be Hyundai and LG) is on government life support. Heck, IBM has been out of production for a few years, but they aren't even selling designs anymore. So the market, and more importantly the technical innovation, really comes down to Samsung, Micron, Infineon.
Hynix keeps pumping out devices and artificially keeps the prices low. Micron and Infineon continue to bleed. Samsung makes a bit of money off high Rambus prices. Smaller Taiwan shops try to cherry pick parts as the big boys move their capacity around. They break even and try moving all their Fab's to China for just a bit lower labor costs.
Micron and Infineon start laying off people... including the innovators. That leaves Samsung. How does a commodity technical market ruled by one company react? Protect current investment. Don't gamble on any technology.
So how does this get you your lower prices or faster memory chips?
Oh, and by the way, Micron has factories in Italy, Singapore and Japan. Don't think of them as Boise only.
Hynix has a factory in Oregon, which won't be effected by these tariffs. Don't think of them as Korea only.
I haven't looked at GDDR2 in any detail, but lets look at the differences between a Graphics memory and computer main memory.
Graphics guys put a much higher value on bandwidth (and will take a higher price)
There is a point to point connection between graphics processor and memory. In a computer, on I/O of a chipset drives multiple memory chips (on different DIMMs).
The electrical environment is much more controlled on a Graphics cards. No DIMMs. No sockets. More layers on board to route signals.
So it is reasonable to assume that a GDDR2 is like a DDR2 but with a higher I/O frequency based on the advantages that a controlled, point-to-point connection gives.
In the past, the memory vendors tried adding the other features to their "graphics" RAMs, like better ability to mask off bits from being written . I don't think these extra features help much with today's huge graphics processors.
QDR would be great for read/modify/write bandwidth... but I bet NVidia and ATI could use those 128 pins (plus clocks) to better use. It all depends on their data flow. If they have a bunch of simultaneous read/writes (like a SRAM cache) than saving the overhead to turn around the bus is a winner. If they move large blocks of data one direction at a time (for example if they have a bunch of cache already on the graphics controller) than using all those extra pins for more common bandwidth makes more sense.
The Word we know today has its roots in Word Perfect AND Microsoft Word for the Mac. If anything, it was a ripoff of MacWrite interface with WordPerfect text processing skills.
The Excel we know today has its roots in Lotus 1-2-3 (or VisiCalc) and Microsoft Excel for the Mac. I can't think of any earlier GUI based spreadsheet. After using Excel on my Mac, having to lean 1-2-3 in school was like taking carpet tacks to the eyes.
The Office products came from Microsoft engineers that tried to provide office tools with features comparable to WordPerfect and 1-2-3 using the Mac Toolbox for a GUI. In the process, I would say they invented something new. Eventually Microsoft brought those office products back to Windows.
Double click on installer. Please note that the AppleScript Studio front end to the Installer needs AppleScript Update 1.8.3. Running the Installer with a previous version of AppleScript may result in decreased stability of the Install process.
I agree on the home v. work. I keep seperate buckets for each.
At work, we have the mounts available as CIFS or NFS. On my Win2K laptop, I cygwin "mount" the Windows path into the typical UNIX path so that my UNIX scripts work the same on the Sun boxes as my laptop.
I then use "Make Available Offline..." to create a local store of my network files. At the cost of longer shutdown times to sync, I can work anywhere with the same network paths as if I was at work... no VPN required. A very good feature of Win2K in my book.
At home, my Mac OSX box keeps all my files. It runs Samba to export its files to my work laptop. I don't mirror my home files on my work laptop although I suppose I could. I rarely need a file from home at work, so if I do I just ssh them when I need them.
Re:The kicker's in the tail
on
SuSE 7.3 vs XP
·
· Score: 1
You might want to try that swishy windows icon button with the D key. This will show the desktop. Hit it again to get your windows back. I am not sure it works under XP, but it works great under 2000.
Slashdot Mirror
LImit a resource and lets see how cutthroat all our countries get... and I am not talking about a resource necessary for the economic growth, but a resource necessary for a population's survival. All of a sudden killing the other guys becomes a survival necessity. I think the logic chain would be that some would venture out into space due to lack of resources. They will arm themselves with the same technology they needed to win the last great war on their home world. They will venture forth and take the resources they need to survive. This seems reasonable to me given scarce resources. The question is whether "technology" and population controls can buy a society out of the scarce resource problem.
Launchy (http://www.launchy.net/) is my favorite Quicksilver (http://quicksilver.blacktree.com/) clone for Windows
42
OK, so it is kinda like the Apple Newton's object soup.
Memtest86 finds really bad ram, not good ram. Without having knowledge of how each chip is internally arranged, access to the chip's test modes and the ability to control the temperature, there is no way to finish testing a modern DRAM in our lifetime.
Just take for example, the internal layout. If you had a 512M chip and you didn't know which cells were adjacent, you would have to write a single bit and read from every other word. We are talking x cells * y reads (*2 for writes). If you read 8 I/O's in parallel (remember I am talking about a chip, not a module) than we have 512M cells * (512/8)*2 = 7.2*10^16 OR 72 megagiga operations. Assuming you can keep about 200MHz worth of useful read/writes (remember most addresses aren't in the same page)than we are talking something like 11 years... for a single test that doesn't cover refresh, voltage/temperature margining.
Oh one more thing. Tou are really not sure if when you write a 1, the device stores it as a high charge or a low charge. Without knowing this, you will have to redo that same pattern a BUNCH of times.
Memtest86 is like a pilot walkaround on a plane. It can spot obvious things, but I sure hope I'm not the first one to fire up that jet engine.
A FLOP is a FLOP, except that the SPE's don't quite round in IEEE approved ways in order to decrease logic complexity... so it is a *little* different.
Last I checked (admittedly a few years ago), for the same process node, manufacturers were averaging a 20x difference in density between their DRAM and their performance SRAM lines. You could find denser SRAM's nearing 8x, but they were usually slower than DRAM (low power cell phone applications instead of high performance cache applications).
Sniffs under my arm to check for BO.
---Grady Borders
Please see http://slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=56450&cid=5472 613 for a discussion on DRAM testing.
That's GigaBIT (Gb), not Gigabyte (GB) according to the EETimes article.
Please be aware that a BMW is no longer classified as an "automobile." It is now an "iPod accessory." Belkin is going to have a tough time competing with BMW's marketing budget.
See blosxom... Same thing. Edit a text file and it is "published."
Um, Micron owns Crucial so I wouldn't expect them to rock the boat too much. A better list of people to drop their price would be the other DRAM manufacturers, of which there are far fewer than 5 years ago. At this point, you have Samsung, Micron, Hynix (almost dead), Siemens, Elpida and assorted Taiwanese manufactures. Most of Japan's manufacturers collapsed. Elpida is the only one left. LG and Hyundai (Korea) merged into Hynix and have been bleeding ever since. The DRAM market has had a REALLY bad time of late...
The scary part for me is that by bringing the person into the loop, you make it much more enticing for someone to offer a "computer service." All that virus stuff is a hassle, just sign up with IBM and we will make sure you can email/browse/word process without the risk of keeping your own machine online.
And the keyboard didn't support shift for uppercase (without that motherboard mod) and so you hit ESC before a letter to mean uppercase.
And don't get me started about the upgrade from 16K to 48K. The upgrade came with a sticker to put on your spacebar so you could brag.
And we could read so much faster than our 300 baud modem could download. And the manufacturer had a recall because the modem used phone company tones... as if anyone traded it in for a modem that couldn't be used to disconnect phones. Yes that Apple II+ rocked.
And people that I consider my peers would program on paper with holes. And let me tell you, they LOVED it.
Age 33... crap, I am old.
Hynix keeps pumping out devices and artificially keeps the prices low. Micron and Infineon continue to bleed. Samsung makes a bit of money off high Rambus prices. Smaller Taiwan shops try to cherry pick parts as the big boys move their capacity around. They break even and try moving all their Fab's to China for just a bit lower labor costs.
Micron and Infineon start laying off people... including the innovators. That leaves Samsung. How does a commodity technical market ruled by one company react? Protect current investment. Don't gamble on any technology.
So how does this get you your lower prices or faster memory chips?
Oh, and by the way, Micron has factories in Italy, Singapore and Japan. Don't think of them as Boise only.
Hynix has a factory in Oregon, which won't be effected by these tariffs. Don't think of them as Korea only.
- Graphics guys put a much higher value on bandwidth (and will take a higher price)
- There is a point to point connection between graphics processor and memory. In a computer, on I/O of a chipset drives multiple memory chips (on different DIMMs).
- The electrical environment is much more controlled on a Graphics cards. No DIMMs. No sockets. More layers on board to route signals.
So it is reasonable to assume that a GDDR2 is like a DDR2 but with a higher I/O frequency based on the advantages that a controlled, point-to-point connection gives. In the past, the memory vendors tried adding the other features to their "graphics" RAMs, like better ability to mask off bits from being written . I don't think these extra features help much with today's huge graphics processors.QDR would be great for read/modify/write bandwidth... but I bet NVidia and ATI could use those 128 pins (plus clocks) to better use. It all depends on their data flow. If they have a bunch of simultaneous read/writes (like a SRAM cache) than saving the overhead to turn around the bus is a winner. If they move large blocks of data one direction at a time (for example if they have a bunch of cache already on the graphics controller) than using all those extra pins for more common bandwidth makes more sense.
we were not Microsoft, but we are now. Bu-ha-ha-ha-ha.
Whoa there cowboy...
The Word we know today has its roots in Word Perfect AND Microsoft Word for the Mac. If anything, it was a ripoff of MacWrite interface with WordPerfect text processing skills.
The Excel we know today has its roots in Lotus 1-2-3 (or VisiCalc) and Microsoft Excel for the Mac. I can't think of any earlier GUI based spreadsheet. After using Excel on my Mac, having to lean 1-2-3 in school was like taking carpet tacks to the eyes.
The Office products came from Microsoft engineers that tried to provide office tools with features comparable to WordPerfect and 1-2-3 using the Mac Toolbox for a GUI. In the process, I would say they invented something new. Eventually Microsoft brought those office products back to Windows.
Double click on installer. Please note that the AppleScript Studio front end to the Installer needs AppleScript Update 1.8.3. Running the Installer with a previous version of AppleScript may result in decreased stability of the Install process.
Thank you for using Apple products. Buh-Bye.
I agree on the home v. work. I keep seperate buckets for each.
At work, we have the mounts available as CIFS or NFS. On my Win2K laptop, I cygwin "mount" the Windows path into the typical UNIX path so that my UNIX scripts work the same on the Sun boxes as my laptop.
I then use "Make Available Offline..." to create a local store of my network files. At the cost of longer shutdown times to sync, I can work anywhere with the same network paths as if I was at work... no VPN required. A very good feature of Win2K in my book.
At home, my Mac OSX box keeps all my files. It runs Samba to export its files to my work laptop. I don't mirror my home files on my work laptop although I suppose I could. I rarely need a file from home at work, so if I do I just ssh them when I need them.
You might want to try that swishy windows icon button with the D key. This will show the desktop. Hit it again to get your windows back. I am not sure it works under XP, but it works great under 2000.