Also, starting with soyuz flight TM-2, every flight (which is 60-70 flights since) except two have been crewed with three, Prior to the pressure loss of Suyoz-11, the lack of pressure suits allowed for a few three crew flights as well on the older models.
I count 55 two man soyuz flights, two one man flights and 53 three man flights for 271 cosmonauts.
Check again. TM-2 launched with two guys, picked up a third in orbit from MIR. TM-8 and TM-9 had only two apiece. Unfortunately, the swapping of crews via MIR makes it difficult to determine quickly just how many guys went up in the thing.
Note also that there were THREE cosmonauts in Soyuz 11, not two. Accepting your 272 number (it's off by at least a few mentioned above), four dead out of 272 is 1.5%. Essentially the same as Shuttle.
So, no, there isn't all that much evidence that Soyuz is intrinsically safer than Shuttle....
IDK, if you had a vasmir pushing at.1G for a year, you would be going about ~.1c, in that case you could be there in 20 years. I think this would be semi-reasonable.
Hmm, let's do a quick check of the numbers.
According to Wikipedia, we can reasonably expect 5000 seconds Isp from a VASIMR, but let's assume ten times that, just for grins.
So, one year (365.24 days) at 0.98 m/s^2 acceleration implies deltaV of 30925 km/s.
30925 km/s @ 50000 seconds Isp translates to a mass ratio of 2566254356903250866674835623:1.
So, a 10 kg probe (including drive and fuel tankage) would require 25662543569032508666748356229 kg of reaction mass. Which is about the mass of the Sun...
So, no, this would NOT be even semi-reasonable....
Also as far as I know, they haven't had a single fatality related to their current manned space vehicle (the Soyuz) and unless they are hiding some early issues, they have never lost any crew on manned flights.
The Russians (Soviets at the time) had two loss-of-crew accidents with the Soyuz. Just like the Shuttle, except that the Shuttle flew more times than the Soyuz (yes, the Soyuz is considerably older than Shuttle, and has flown fewer missions).
In addition, the Soyuz has failed its mission considerably more often than Shuttle has.
Our modern deficit was built by Reagan and the Bushes.
Umm, no. Our modern deficit has been going on much longer than that.
It should also be noted that every single budget in the history of this nation was passed by Congress (as required in the Constitution).
And the Congress during the majority of Reagan and the Bushes 20 years in office was controlled by the Democrat Party.
Note also, for the record, that the Congress that brought the deficit down to near zero in the Clinton years was...Republican (the first Republican controlled Congress since 1947)....
You are and idiot, that much is clear. Early to-mid-90s, raised revenues, spending, not so much. Result, surplus. Seriously, are you REALLY that dumb? or just trolling?
Note that the National Debt increased EVERY year during the '90's. Actually, it has increased every year since before I was born (in the the '50's).
Which suggests strongly that there wasn't really a surplus. HINT: you're not running a surplus if you have to borrow more money to pay the bills.
No, not the "entitlements" the suckers have been tricked into calling medicare, social security, and unemployment-- all of which we pay heavily for and are even ITEMIZED out of our paychecks and are NOT entitlement programs!
Umm, no.
"Entitlement" has a specific meaning in Federal law. You cannot be denied Social Security once you reach retirement age for any reason, therefore it is an "entitlement". Ditto Medicare.
Note that applying means testing to Social Security and Medicare would change them from entitlements to something else. But we haven't done that, and shouldn't do that (the nasty thing about means testing is that once we set the precedent that we can deny SS/Medicare to someone for making too much money, we can lower the amount of money that is considered "too much" whenever we have budgeting issues - which we will have pretty much every year from now on).
Note, of course, that the source of the money used to pay for an "entitlement" is irrelevant to it being an "entitlement" under the law.
Thank the Republicans and the TEA Party. Taxes are the lowest they have been since the 50s on the upper classes, but these people have been fighting tooth and nail to cut budgets even further.
Umm, you ARE aware, aren't you, that the Tea Party is in Congress, right?
The Federal Legislature?
The one that contributes exactly NOTHING to the budgets of local elementary and high schools?
Local schools are paid for by local property taxes and State Departments of Education, NOT by the Federal Department of Education....
Er yes, that's why it is counterintuitive that it is easier to get Jupiter. Wow. I really need to work on the whole preview thing a lot more.
What's really sad is that you realized you'd made a mistake on your original post, reposted it with the correction, and left the "mars is farther away" thing in the revised one too.;)
That aside, it is pretty cool that it's easier to reach Jupiter's satellites than Mars. Especially given that the ejecta can reach Venus, which requires only a tiny bit less deltaV to reach than Mars.
Are you aware of the Balassa-Samuelson model [wikipedia.org]? A country whose economy consists largely of goods and services that must be consumed locally, such as perishable food or beauty services, will have an undervalued currency. But as the economy becomes more efficient at producing goods for export, its currency will become stronger. So if a company outsources production to a given country due to a currency undervaluation advantage, then over time, there will be less and less of this advantage of keeping production there.
Which model fails when a government decides to artificially peg its currency value to some other currency.
China, for instance, does not have a floating currency whose value varies as their exports increase. Its currency is fixed by fiat, and thus they retain the advantage of cheap labour indefinitely.
Teachers cannot establish, maintain, or use a work-related website unless it is available to school administrators and the childâ(TM)s legal custodian, physical custodian, or legal guardian. Teachers also cannot have a nonwork-related website that allows exclusive access with a current or former student.
For a teacher who works in a small town for a few decades that will be a large number of people they can never friend on facebook. It could even prevent someone friending their husband or wife. A teacher/pupil can have an age difference of four years, which a few years after they younger one graduates will seem an insignificant difference.
Which part of "exclusive" did you have a hard time with?
Or was it the "legal custodian, physical custodian, or legal guardian" that threw you?
Note that in the case of an adult, they are their own "legal custodian, physical custodian, or legal guardian", unless they're in jail or prison....
Every company and pretty much every American runs a deficit. How many people get a loan to buy a house? deficit! or a car? Deficit! A company needs to get a loan to buy equipment? deficit!
While this is true, the deficit in question for a car, or a house is a ONE YEAR deficit. After that, you're paying DOWN your debt.
Or are you one of those people who borrows money for a house, then borrows more money to pay off the first loan?
Note that the Federal Government, which increases its debt every year, falls into the latter group...
As a clue to how complex this topic is, here is a factoid:
Every penny of the deficit goes right into the private sector.
Umm, no. About 10% of the deficit goes to paying interest on the debt, much of which goes to...China.
Because that is what study after study has been showing; that talking on a cell phone impairs a driver about the same as driving drunk.
And yet...
Statistics show a decline in fatal traffic accidents. This decline has continued in spite of people talking on their cell phones while driving. The rate of the decline didn't even change significantly....
How do I know, because if you did you would know what it's like to almost be taken out by some complete dingbat talking on the phone and not watching where he's bloody well driving.
I've had a license to drive for the last 35+ years. I was almost run off the road twice by inattentive drivers since I acquired my license.
The truth is, I'm going to feed a retarded troll. Every state that has a carry permit requires you to take a class: "training". You're an idiot.
That training, however, is to carry the gun CONCEALED. In at least some of the States that have concealed carry permits, there is no requirement for a permit (or training class) to carry a weapon in the open.
In at least one State, there is no requirement for a permit to carry concealed, either. You can carry any gun you want to, in any way you desire. No training required.
Interestingly, that State has a very low rate of gun violence.
No, because other passengers will be aware when a situation occurs that will require extra attention by the driver and will instinctively not distract the driver during those times. An extra passenger also means an extra pair of eyes to look out for dangers.
So, a driver gets heavily distracted trying to infer things that would, in a normal conversation, be inferred from facial cues, but looking at his passenger's face to get those clues doesn't distract him very much?
Likewise, the passenger looking at the driver's face to get those social cues will notice problems and alert the driver to them by shutting up suddenly?
You do realize that means rioters would be armed too, right?
So instead of throwing rocks and burning cars, London could be the setting for a Wild West shootout. What an improvement!
Remember the big L.A. riots? People in Los Angeles were essentially disarmed also.
How about the big Nashville riots? No? Probably because they didn't happen. And Nashville happens to be a place where guns are moderately common.
Fact is, most people trying to steal a flat-screen TV don't have a major interest in getting shot for their trouble, and tend to look for safer lines of work if the likelihood of getting shot starts going up.
Once upon a time, shortly after Florida made concealed carry legal, it was noticed that there was a spike in robberies of people in rental cars in Florida. Upon investigation (and the questioning of various people robbing people driving rental cars), it was determined that the people who like to steal things from other people had decided (correctly) that people in rental cars tended to be from out of State, and thus has ZERO chance of packing heat. Which made them much safer to rob than the general public....
President Obama realized President Bush was full of shit, didn't fund anything
Note that Congress is responsible for funding things.
And, yes, the Republican Congress didn't fund it properly, and the replacement Democratic Congress didn't fund it properly.
So, anyone want to bet that any of the TEN Congresses between now and 2030 will fund this properly?
Republicans might, but I doubt it.
Democrats haven't even done a budget for two years (yes, we're still operating under continuing resolutions since 2009), so it's pretty sure they won't....
Slashdot Mirror
Check again. TM-2 launched with two guys, picked up a third in orbit from MIR. TM-8 and TM-9 had only two apiece. Unfortunately, the swapping of crews via MIR makes it difficult to determine quickly just how many guys went up in the thing.
Note also that there were THREE cosmonauts in Soyuz 11, not two. Accepting your 272 number (it's off by at least a few mentioned above), four dead out of 272 is 1.5%. Essentially the same as Shuttle.
So, no, there isn't all that much evidence that Soyuz is intrinsically safer than Shuttle....
Hmm, let's do a quick check of the numbers.
According to Wikipedia, we can reasonably expect 5000 seconds Isp from a VASIMR, but let's assume ten times that, just for grins.
So, one year (365.24 days) at 0.98 m/s^2 acceleration implies deltaV of 30925 km/s.
30925 km/s @ 50000 seconds Isp translates to a mass ratio of 2566254356903250866674835623:1.
So, a 10 kg probe (including drive and fuel tankage) would require 25662543569032508666748356229 kg of reaction mass. Which is about the mass of the Sun...
So, no, this would NOT be even semi-reasonable....
Misleading statistics.
There have been 277 DIFFERENT Americans in space. Quite a few have flown more than once.
Ditto the Russians.
Note that Shuttle had 135 flights, with seven crew each. Call it 950 total Shuttle crew. Fourteen fatalities, so about 1.5% death rates on Shuttle
The Russians have flown Soyuz 110 times, two crew per shot. 220 Russians, four dead. Or about 1.8% death rate.
The Russians (Soviets at the time) had two loss-of-crew accidents with the Soyuz. Just like the Shuttle, except that the Shuttle flew more times than the Soyuz (yes, the Soyuz is considerably older than Shuttle, and has flown fewer missions).
In addition, the Soyuz has failed its mission considerably more often than Shuttle has.
Umm, no. Our modern deficit has been going on much longer than that.
It should also be noted that every single budget in the history of this nation was passed by Congress (as required in the Constitution).
And the Congress during the majority of Reagan and the Bushes 20 years in office was controlled by the Democrat Party.
Note also, for the record, that the Congress that brought the deficit down to near zero in the Clinton years was...Republican (the first Republican controlled Congress since 1947)....
Note that the National Debt increased EVERY year during the '90's. Actually, it has increased every year since before I was born (in the the '50's).
Which suggests strongly that there wasn't really a surplus. HINT: you're not running a surplus if you have to borrow more money to pay the bills.
Umm, no.
"Entitlement" has a specific meaning in Federal law. You cannot be denied Social Security once you reach retirement age for any reason, therefore it is an "entitlement". Ditto Medicare.
Note that applying means testing to Social Security and Medicare would change them from entitlements to something else. But we haven't done that, and shouldn't do that (the nasty thing about means testing is that once we set the precedent that we can deny SS/Medicare to someone for making too much money, we can lower the amount of money that is considered "too much" whenever we have budgeting issues - which we will have pretty much every year from now on).
Note, of course, that the source of the money used to pay for an "entitlement" is irrelevant to it being an "entitlement" under the law.
Umm, you ARE aware, aren't you, that the Tea Party is in Congress, right?
The Federal Legislature?
The one that contributes exactly NOTHING to the budgets of local elementary and high schools?
Local schools are paid for by local property taxes and State Departments of Education, NOT by the Federal Department of Education....
What diminishes their success was the need for NATO to provide the airstrikes that made that success possible.
Winning a civil war may be a success, having someone else win it for you, not so much....
It should be noted that Galileo didn't get in trouble for saying that the Earth goes around the Sun, but for calling the Pope an idiot.
Intentional irony?
Somehow, I expect not...
What's really sad is that you realized you'd made a mistake on your original post, reposted it with the correction, and left the "mars is farther away" thing in the revised one too. ;)
That aside, it is pretty cool that it's easier to reach Jupiter's satellites than Mars. Especially given that the ejecta can reach Venus, which requires only a tiny bit less deltaV to reach than Mars.
Umm, Mars is actually much CLOSER than Europa.
Which model fails when a government decides to artificially peg its currency value to some other currency.
China, for instance, does not have a floating currency whose value varies as their exports increase. Its currency is fixed by fiat, and thus they retain the advantage of cheap labour indefinitely.
Which part of "exclusive" did you have a hard time with?
Or was it the "legal custodian, physical custodian, or legal guardian" that threw you?
Note that in the case of an adult, they are their own "legal custodian, physical custodian, or legal guardian", unless they're in jail or prison....
A quick google shows that Verizon has a profit margin of 5.84%.
Gas and Electric utilities are running about 8.7%
The industry average for railroads is 12.6%.
Companies that make networking equipment run about 20.4%
I fail to see how 6% profit margin is so horrendously high as all that...
While this is true, the deficit in question for a car, or a house is a ONE YEAR deficit. After that, you're paying DOWN your debt.
Or are you one of those people who borrows money for a house, then borrows more money to pay off the first loan?
Note that the Federal Government, which increases its debt every year, falls into the latter group...
Umm, no. About 10% of the deficit goes to paying interest on the debt, much of which goes to...China.
Or the Savannah.
And yet...
Statistics show a decline in fatal traffic accidents. This decline has continued in spite of people talking on their cell phones while driving. The rate of the decline didn't even change significantly....
I've had a license to drive for the last 35+ years. I was almost run off the road twice by inattentive drivers since I acquired my license.
Both of those events happened before cell phones.
That training, however, is to carry the gun CONCEALED. In at least some of the States that have concealed carry permits, there is no requirement for a permit (or training class) to carry a weapon in the open.
In at least one State, there is no requirement for a permit to carry concealed, either. You can carry any gun you want to, in any way you desire. No training required.
Interestingly, that State has a very low rate of gun violence.
So, a driver gets heavily distracted trying to infer things that would, in a normal conversation, be inferred from facial cues, but looking at his passenger's face to get those clues doesn't distract him very much?
Likewise, the passenger looking at the driver's face to get those social cues will notice problems and alert the driver to them by shutting up suddenly?
Somehow, that seems counterintuitive....
Remember the big L.A. riots? People in Los Angeles were essentially disarmed also.
How about the big Nashville riots? No? Probably because they didn't happen. And Nashville happens to be a place where guns are moderately common.
Fact is, most people trying to steal a flat-screen TV don't have a major interest in getting shot for their trouble, and tend to look for safer lines of work if the likelihood of getting shot starts going up.
Once upon a time, shortly after Florida made concealed carry legal, it was noticed that there was a spike in robberies of people in rental cars in Florida. Upon investigation (and the questioning of various people robbing people driving rental cars), it was determined that the people who like to steal things from other people had decided (correctly) that people in rental cars tended to be from out of State, and thus has ZERO chance of packing heat. Which made them much safer to rob than the general public....
Note that Congress is responsible for funding things.
And, yes, the Republican Congress didn't fund it properly, and the replacement Democratic Congress didn't fund it properly.
So, anyone want to bet that any of the TEN Congresses between now and 2030 will fund this properly?
Republicans might, but I doubt it.
Democrats haven't even done a budget for two years (yes, we're still operating under continuing resolutions since 2009), so it's pretty sure they won't....
Your apples taste like chicken?
Or did you mean "foul"?