For what I known the fastest high level language is Fortran. Besides being the first language high level language and obviously have lots of work of compiler optimization done, it has a very restrictive type system that does not have pointers (or have them in a very restrictive way), so the compiler can do optimizations in arrays that would be unsafe in a language like C.
As shown by the map posted in another link, a lot of the sugar cane is from Sao Paulo, not northeast.
There was a lot of subside to create the pro-ethanol program and there was some problems to regulate the prices.
(If the price of ethanol is too low in relation with the price of sugar, the producers can prefer to use cane for sugar)
But I think it is a positive experience, ethanol can substitute some of the most poluent aditives of gas, and we became less dependent of external oil.
For those that do not known Brazil, the map shows that the majority of the sugar cane is cultivate in southerathern Brasil, in the state of São Paulo, the most developed of our country.
The first two problems are based on the early implementations that were made in Prolog.
The weird syntax is basically result of getting Prolog without unification plus processes, but I don't think is that bad (I first hated it, but after some use I liked it more than Lisp, basically because I like pattern matching more than using car and cdr).
The invariable variables are also from this source. In logic programming, variables can be bounded or not, the implementation search for possible assignments. I'm not sure if these are particulary usefull for Erlang, but similar variables are used by Oz programming language for to obtain deterministic concurrency, also known as dataflow computing, that is a lot easier to reason about and programming than full concurrency.
What makes Erlang relevant is a solid implementation, a well tested VM and many libraries/utilities for the context of distributed programming (unfortunally text processing is not in this niche); and excellent documentation (the concurrent design patterns that they documented and implemented are valuable even if you don't want to program in Erlang).
It is not exactly a extension of Ada. It is actually a subset of Ada that can be annotated and statically analysed.
That said it was an interesting article. Ada had many problems when it started (bad and expensive implementations, since it was a big topdown design with many inovations - I think it was the first language with generics), but is probably the best system language nowadays for things that do not use garbage collection (things that are usually done with C/C++). And since there is an current free Gnu Ada compiler (Gnat), it should be more used.
If statistics like wealth and crime are worthless, suicide rates are even worse. It is a problem, but I think if it is worse than in west countries that is mainly because cultural influences (for historical reasons suicide was considered much more aceptable than in the west). For example, in christian societies it is a passport to hell. So miserable people prefer to continues a miserable life than eternal suffering (or they choose to slay other people in high school massacres since they go to hell anyway:-P).
About Erlang: old versions really needed multiple VM instances to use native threads, but the current implementation distributes its user processes in native threads transparently.
It came after NGE, so it has less impact. I still prefer NGE artwork and the protagonist of RahXephon is less annoying, but the other characters arent much improved.
I agree that is overrated, but I like the show. I dont think it is fair to compare an anime with Shakespeare, I compare it with others animes and TV shows. And comparing with others shows, it was pretty good. It was a nice anime with good characters and great animation. If people try to see religion and meaning in this, they are lost.
About Scheme: I think it was to be used as a scripting language. At least that was the objective of this particular implementation of Scheme (GUILE). I dont know GnuCash to say if this is a good idea.
As said in another post, it not C#. It is a extension of C# called Sing# (saying that it is C#, is like saying C++ is the same as C). The differences are pre, pos-conditions and invariants, and a new model of concurrency similar to CSP (message passing).
You are right in saying that efficiency wasnt originally one of the objectives of the relational model, but today performance is better than with old technology. See this quote from an interview with Jim Gray (http://www.acmqueue.org/modules.php?name=Content& pa=showpage&pid=43.
)
Nonetheless, the relational guys took the challenge and said, "If we're going to be successful, we're going to have to perform as well as the IMS on the bread-and-butter transactions." A great deal of energy went into this, and I think it is fair to say that the relational implementations did okay. Today, all the best TPC-C [Transaction Processing Performance Council Online Transaction Processing Benchmark] results you see are with relational systems. The IMSes of the world are not reporting TPC-C results because, frankly, their price performance isn't very good.
Dijkstra is in the category of people that can DO and TEACH. He created the first Operating System using multiprogramming techniques called THE and its architecture based in layers was copied by every other OS since then (like UNIX). The article that presented it also introduced semaphores.
P.S. in "How do we tell truths that might hurt?"
(http://www.cs.virginia.edu/~evans/cs655/readings/ ewd498.html), BASIC doesnt seens to receives worse treatment than PL/I, COBOL or APL.
Why is this post considered funny? Functional programming languages are very expressive. Ocaml, for example, also allows OO, and have better performance than Java, acording "The Great Computer Language Shootout":
http://www.bagley.org/~doug/shootout/craps.shtml
It seems a possible application for Erlang.
From the FAQ (http://www.erlang.org/faq/t1.html):
"Erlang is a general-purpose programming language and runtime environment. Erlang has built-in support for concurrency, distribution and fault tolerance. Erlang is used in several large telecommunication systems from Ericsson. The most popular implementation of Erlang is available as open source from the open source erlang site."
Included in the libraries, there is also a soft real-time database called Mnesia (like JavaSpaces but extended with relational operations).
There is some articles about using it in games here:
http://www.erlang-projects.org/Public/projects/gam es/
Sun controls the specification and the name "Java". Any GPL fork would have another name. I think this is enough protection against a MS version of Java.
While I prefer static typed languages, JavaScript is a nice scripting language. See what can be done using just libraries like BeyondJS http://w3future.com/html/beyondJS/.
The problem is not the language, but the lack of standard in HTML document model.
StarLogo is a programmable modeling environment for exploring the workings of decentralized systems -- systems that are organized without an organizer, coordinated without a coordinator. With StarLogo, you can model (and gain insights into) many real-life phenomena, such as bird flocks, traffic jams, ant colonies, and market economies. -- from the website.
http://education.mit.edu/starlogo/
Another similar is NetLogo
http://ccl.sesp.northwestern.edu/netlogo/download. shtml
Both are written in Java and run in Linux.
While I like static typed languages, I think that Java type system is too complex, I would prefer start using Pascal.
And for children, I think Squeak (squeak.org - a nice multimedia Smalltalk) or DrScheme (drscheme.org - Scheme with learning facilities) are better.
Slashdot Mirror
The new Samsung slogan should be: " Apple say our products are indistinguishable from theirs. Be smart, pay less, buy Samsung!"
And what requirements this case violete?
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dodge_v._Ford_Motor_Company
For what I known the fastest high level language is Fortran. Besides being the first language high level language and obviously have lots of work of compiler optimization done, it has a very restrictive type system that does not have pointers (or have them in a very restrictive way), so the compiler can do optimizations in arrays that would be unsafe in a language like C.
As shown by the map posted in another link, a lot of the sugar cane is from Sao Paulo, not northeast. There was a lot of subside to create the pro-ethanol program and there was some problems to regulate the prices. (If the price of ethanol is too low in relation with the price of sugar, the producers can prefer to use cane for sugar) But I think it is a positive experience, ethanol can substitute some of the most poluent aditives of gas, and we became less dependent of external oil.
For those that do not known Brazil, the map shows that the majority of the sugar cane is cultivate in southerathern Brasil, in the state of São Paulo, the most developed of our country.
The weird syntax is basically result of getting Prolog without unification plus processes, but I don't think is that bad (I first hated it, but after some use I liked it more than Lisp, basically because I like pattern matching more than using car and cdr).
The invariable variables are also from this source. In logic programming, variables can be bounded or not, the implementation search for possible assignments. I'm not sure if these are particulary usefull for Erlang, but similar variables are used by Oz programming language for to obtain deterministic concurrency, also known as dataflow computing, that is a lot easier to reason about and programming than full concurrency.
What makes Erlang relevant is a solid implementation, a well tested VM and many libraries/utilities for the context of distributed programming (unfortunally text processing is not in this niche); and excellent documentation (the concurrent design patterns that they documented and implemented are valuable even if you don't want to program in Erlang).
It is not exactly a extension of Ada. It is actually a subset of Ada that can be annotated and statically analysed. That said it was an interesting article. Ada had many problems when it started (bad and expensive implementations, since it was a big topdown design with many inovations - I think it was the first language with generics), but is probably the best system language nowadays for things that do not use garbage collection (things that are usually done with C/C++). And since there is an current free Gnu Ada compiler (Gnat), it should be more used.
If statistics like wealth and crime are worthless, suicide rates are even worse. It is a problem, but I think if it is worse than in west countries that is mainly because cultural influences (for historical reasons suicide was considered much more aceptable than in the west). For example, in christian societies it is a passport to hell. So miserable people prefer to continues a miserable life than eternal suffering (or they choose to slay other people in high school massacres since they go to hell anyway :-P).
About Erlang: old versions really needed multiple VM instances to use native threads, but the current implementation distributes its user processes in native threads transparently.
Mythical Man Month says that the SECOND system is normally over engineered.
It came after NGE, so it has less impact. I still prefer NGE artwork and the protagonist of RahXephon is less annoying, but the other characters arent much improved.
I agree that is overrated, but I like the show. I dont think it is fair to compare an anime with Shakespeare, I compare it with others animes and TV shows.
And comparing with others shows, it was pretty good. It was a nice anime with good characters and great animation. If people try to see religion and meaning in this, they are lost.
About Scheme: I think it was to be used as a scripting language. At least that was the objective of this particular implementation of Scheme (GUILE). I dont know GnuCash to say if this is a good idea.
As said in another post, it not C#. It is a extension of C# called Sing# (saying that it is C#, is like saying C++ is the same as C). The differences are pre, pos-conditions and invariants, and a new model of concurrency similar to CSP (message passing).
Nonetheless, the relational guys took the challenge and said, "If we're going to be successful, we're going to have to perform as well as the IMS on the bread-and-butter transactions." A great deal of energy went into this, and I think it is fair to say that the relational implementations did okay. Today, all the best TPC-C [Transaction Processing Performance Council Online Transaction Processing Benchmark] results you see are with relational systems. The IMSes of the world are not reporting TPC-C results because, frankly, their price performance isn't very good.
Dijkstra is in the category of people that can DO and TEACH. He created the first Operating System using multiprogramming techniques called THE and its architecture based in layers was copied by every other OS since then (like UNIX). The article that presented it also introduced semaphores. P.S. in "How do we tell truths that might hurt?" (http://www.cs.virginia.edu/~evans/cs655/readings/ ewd498.html), BASIC doesnt seens to receives worse treatment than PL/I, COBOL or APL.
Someone know if this could be used to cool a CPU?
Why is this post considered funny? Functional programming languages are very expressive. Ocaml, for example, also allows OO, and have better performance than Java, acording "The Great Computer Language Shootout": http://www.bagley.org/~doug/shootout/craps.shtml
It seems a possible application for Erlang. From the FAQ (http://www.erlang.org/faq/t1.html): "Erlang is a general-purpose programming language and runtime environment. Erlang has built-in support for concurrency, distribution and fault tolerance. Erlang is used in several large telecommunication systems from Ericsson. The most popular implementation of Erlang is available as open source from the open source erlang site." Included in the libraries, there is also a soft real-time database called Mnesia (like JavaSpaces but extended with relational operations). There is some articles about using it in games here: http://www.erlang-projects.org/Public/projects/gam es/
Sun controls the specification and the name "Java". Any GPL fork would have another name. I think this is enough protection against a MS version of Java.
While I prefer static typed languages, JavaScript is a nice scripting language. See what can be done using just libraries like BeyondJS http://w3future.com/html/beyondJS/. The problem is not the language, but the lack of standard in HTML document model.
StarLogo is a programmable modeling environment for exploring the workings of decentralized systems -- systems that are organized without an organizer, coordinated without a coordinator. With StarLogo, you can model (and gain insights into) many real-life phenomena, such as bird flocks, traffic jams, ant colonies, and market economies. -- from the website. http://education.mit.edu/starlogo/ Another similar is NetLogo http://ccl.sesp.northwestern.edu/netlogo/download. shtml
Both are written in Java and run in Linux.
Maybe this could make them interested: http://www.conal.net/Fran/
While I like static typed languages, I think that Java type system is too complex, I would prefer start using Pascal. And for children, I think Squeak (squeak.org - a nice multimedia Smalltalk) or DrScheme (drscheme.org - Scheme with learning facilities) are better.
Miranda was another lazy functional language. It doesnt have monads for example.