You don't need to break anything, you are just displaying your manifest ignorance, complete manifest ignorance.
The GE645 design is contemporaneous with IBM's 7094, which ran CTSS at MIT before Multics replaced it. Gene Ahmdahl was working for IBM and designed the 360-architecture, Fred Brooks lead the OS 360 team and wrote the Mythical Man Month about his experiences. Ken and Tom Olsen, at DEC, thought that Custom Digital electronics was the way to go and DEC was the FLIP Chip company, and computers were "Snake Oil"
The 360/30, Announced April 7, 1964 and withdrawn June 22, 1970, was IBM first 360 model but was more like a 1401, and not till the 360/67, the first VM machine, was the line viable time sharing machine, for which TSO was developed as a shell on to of OS360. The PDP8 and PDP8S were built by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) between 1965 and 1990, with the 8S as the first viable lab machine (the PDP4, 5, 6, & 7 were all very low volume) The PDP8/9/10/15/11/VAX were all serious machines and DEC's huge mistake was to abandon the PDP10, for VAX and not to understand the role of UNIX. Gordon Bell was am major Architect and lead architect for the VAX
So, basically all your history and analysis is wrong, STFU.
Today, the ships are registered to flags of (corrupt) convenience, and,
the pirate, holding an RPG-7, would have shown his passport to a CNN reporter team and the UN-HCR, and turns out to be 14,
the guys with the AK-74's are only 13 and are all AIDS orphans, and had a deprived childhood, so
we can expect a media frenzy and Congressional hearings just after anyone under the US hegmony turns a 30mm Bushmaster cannon on one of their boats and kill the lot.
If you bring serious arms on anything except a Navy Ship, you need to be careful, but, finally any large cargo ship can run down a small boat RPGs notwithstanding.
TECO is fine, and VIM is almost as good if you know, and enable Perl.
but remember, "BLISS is IGNORANCE" all those '.' s, Duh! PDP-10 Algol was written in BLISS by Wolf from CMU, and reading it made the head hurt.
A final thought, why can not manufacturers write working assemblers, and more linkers for their platform, all the industry stuff, except the PDP-10 assembler (aka MASM in modern terms) and all manufacturer linkers have been crap!
BTW the reason C was a mess is that Ken Olsen's brother wanted it so; an earlier Balmer style interoperability Canute!
Corbato designed and taught the Architecture that underpinned the UNIX developers and Martin Richards (of Cambridge UK) later, in 1970, brought BCPL, evolving into B, C,... (_but_ definitely not C++)
Professor Corbato got so many things right on the GE645 that he, Gordon Bell, Maurice Wilks and Tom Kilburn were the generation of _REAL_ uber-architects in the 60/70 s; with Gene Ahmdahl and Fred Brooks doing the engineering heavy lifting, Chris Streachy and and the MIT school (Marvin Minsky and many others) did the philosophy.
Without their contributions the Computer Industry would never have started
If you look at the politically correct response to the Somali pirates, you see why the west has to develop an effective and cheap response to this kind of crap.
Special Services, shoot on sight, if you are in the wrong place, or a tac nucke, but something that means we dont have to start another war or nation building experiment (vide Iran hostages and Reagan).
1. Physical security of your systems, you must not make stupid assumptions; vide FortHood.
2. Over wide areas, connectivity security is paramount, and, because of its military origins it is designed for that; TCP connections are hugely resilient to network failures.
3. You are responsible for your own data, and if it, and your control system is important, you need a VPN. The Internet provides robust resialiance, your VPN must deal with data security, and if you can co-factor the APIs that is good. YOU take responsibilities for communication failure (and provide technical mitigation) and you also need to ensure your data is SECURE and can't be HACKED into. That means strong and effective enterprise security management encouraged by putting the CEO in jail if his company is negligent.
Do you realize that this is not 'statify' or something, this proposal is to put i686, 86_64, Power... binaries into one ELF file and have the OS binary loader pick the right one. I know disk space is cheap but this is plainly the dumbest idea ever.
There are lots of ways to package an install script and a set of individual binaries, including NON ELF, in the same package. Further it does nothing about pre- and co- requisites and.so object versioning.
So I am not surprised that he got a hard time on LKML.
I am also getting very tired of the _kernel_developers_are_rude_ meme, they are not, and are usually very helpful, but idiotic arguments, defense of patches that cause regressions, untested code can quickly change that. Sometimes even very experienced developers, like all of us at one time or another, loose perspective and loose the big picture. If you are a shrinking violet, fixated eg Larry McVoy, or plain confused do something else or listen to advice.
3 phase transmission systems mainly use earth (as opposed to system ground) returns; the US 3 phase transformers are all common centre taped to earth, in europe neutral is an earth tap at the transformer, isolated from the transformer. So, if you measure AT the transformer, in Europe, N===E, but not away from the transformer. In the US neutral is, by definition, building (not transformer) earth.
No, the EU plug has bigger ROUND pins, so you can not force it into a Swiss Socket unless you drill out the face-plate to permit entry, DONT'T do this, use an adaptor!
The insertion problem is because Idiots have damaged receptacles, If a competent Swiss Elektro-Techniker (a haus-teknik contractor) is called he will, by law, fix/replace all non-compliant receptacles, which were damaged.
This is part of the Round Pin Fix, which is needed if Receptacles are damaged. I live in a traditional haus where over-current/current-balance is on ALL circuits, and is legally mandated in the baugesetz.
This is a fairly simple EE design problem, to understand the issues you need just to understand four issues (a) center tapped 230V 3 phase, (b) Current density, (c) ground make first, (d) over-current prevention or fusing.
The UK plug is the most idiotic, since it makes room for a local fuse, in the plug, and assume that 13A is a nominative current drain; this is idiotic since the need to make room for a consumer changeable fuse, 13A slow-blow, makes the plug HUGE. It also assumes that the consumer will down-rate the plug fuse to obtain fusing descrimination (never happens, and if it does it is invalidated by the first idiot to change fuse, (no 3A use 13A). Thus both plugs and receptacles are too big.
[Beware] in the Arab World eg Saudi uk shape is used to indicate 130V 1/2 phase, half unknown !!! US 230 is 230V bi-phase, phase unknown !
EU Round and Swiss, round triangular, allow far closer packing, and are much more sensible with lights, TV, radio, computer... No Fuse, is good
US 115/230 are also small, no fuse but 115 has no ground and 230 you dont know the polarity or phase without test gear.
Three old EE comments, transistors protect fuses, not the other way round,
Murphy is alive and well, UK fuses are are almost uniformly WRONGLY installed/replaced. The UK design is klunky and based in invalid prejudiced against round pin, which has been a solved problem for 50 years. With UK you do know polarity, but that is very easily tested with a multi-meter. The Swiss, but not the EU plug, which is reversible, enforce neutral continuity.
Everything >10A should be hard-wired or special, its too risky to allow reverse L/N incase N (only) gets fused
Local fusing never works for the normal average joe
Modern over-current, current balance, distribution is better, safer and allows the use of unfused plugs, with L/N balance and overcurrent detection do soft shutdown or force fuse blow at the discretion of the designer.
I for one am getting royally pissed off by shards of Security Dupes as non-tech writers catch up with Security exploits.
All kernels have exploits. This exploit is complicated to excercise, you would need very good low-level knowledge to map page 0 then set page 0, location 0 to a valid (code *) and valid kernel code to set up the exploit, or a published HOWTO, after which any script-kiddie can do it. It was discussed on LKML and fixed in short order, a day or so AFAIR. That fix rapidly made it into the Stable Kernel series, and,...
You also have to have local shell access first, to a system with compile capabilities or other no-no like ksyms radable by non-root, so yes this was exploitable but with difficulty, not like the many gaping holes in Windoze. It confuses the normal user.
I for one am much more concerned by things like continuous ssh attacks, which you can defend with iptables but really needs support in sshd.
HoneyTraps, have long prior art, Jack Ryan re-invented it in one of Clancys books, but it is attributed to David Niven, then of SIS, not Hollywood c. 1942; but if some idiot at Amazon sells me the wrong book, or one with deliberate misspellings I will enjoy sueing his ass off for 'passing off, or goods not of merchantable quality'.
Why does not a day go by without some corporate jackass trying some stupidity like this, is this all MBA courses in the US teach?
I have just started to see adds for London Business School on CNN again, let me say that these idiots have NO idea, The MBA will be the death of the American Dream, and business as all these DUMBKOFS can see is a zero sum game. Like almost all non (Mathematician, Scientist) academics they are all whores and circulate the university spread thought disease, usually for the highest bidder, just like the Congress.
Staring for the hardest:
Faster than Lightspeed (10^6-10^12 times) Drive Free Energy (clean Fusion) cure for Virus diseases cure for Cancer, and self immune diseases
These are the real challenges for the race, get off this rock, make energy free, live much longer without illness and incapacity.
And all these idiots can do is think up ways of gouging the public for a Star Wars or Harry Potter episode, while Banks are trying to pay Legislators to block efficient Regulation and the HealthCare debate descends into venality as the simple fact that US healthcare is third-world quality at premium prices.
And effectively, while committing a very insideous for of treason, they continue to make money.
Slashdot Mirror
Direct Democracy, see Switzerland.
You don't need to break anything, you are just displaying your manifest ignorance, complete manifest ignorance.
The GE645 design is contemporaneous with IBM's 7094, which ran CTSS at MIT before Multics replaced it. Gene Ahmdahl was working for IBM and designed the 360-architecture, Fred Brooks lead the OS 360 team and wrote the Mythical Man Month about his experiences. Ken and Tom Olsen, at DEC, thought that Custom Digital electronics was the way to go and DEC was the FLIP Chip company, and computers were "Snake Oil"
The 360/30, Announced April 7, 1964 and withdrawn June 22, 1970, was IBM first 360 model but was more like a 1401, and not till the 360/67, the first VM machine, was the line viable time sharing machine, for which TSO was developed as a shell on to of OS360. The PDP8 and PDP8S were built by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) between 1965 and 1990, with the 8S as the first viable lab machine (the PDP4, 5, 6, & 7 were all very low volume) The PDP8/9/10/15/11/VAX were all serious machines and DEC's huge mistake was to abandon the PDP10, for VAX and not to understand the role of UNIX. Gordon Bell was am major Architect and lead architect for the VAX
So, basically all your history and analysis is wrong, STFU.
If I have to explain this, it is too late
Today, the ships are registered to flags of (corrupt) convenience, and,
the pirate, holding an RPG-7, would have shown his passport to a CNN reporter team and the UN-HCR,
and turns out to be 14,
the guys with the AK-74's are only 13 and are all AIDS orphans, and had a deprived childhood, so
we can expect a media frenzy and Congressional hearings just after anyone under the US hegmony turns a
30mm Bushmaster cannon on one of their boats and kill the lot.
If you bring serious arms on anything except a Navy Ship, you need to be careful, but, finally any large cargo
ship can run down a small boat RPGs notwithstanding.
TECO is fine, and VIM is almost as good if you know, and enable Perl.
but remember, "BLISS is IGNORANCE" all those '.' s, Duh! PDP-10 Algol was written in BLISS by Wolf from CMU,
and reading it made the head hurt.
A final thought, why can not manufacturers write working assemblers, and more linkers for their platform,
all the industry stuff, except the PDP-10 assembler (aka MASM in modern terms) and all manufacturer linkers
have been crap!
BTW the reason C was a mess is that Ken Olsen's brother wanted it so; an earlier Balmer style
interoperability Canute!
Corbato designed and taught the Architecture that underpinned the UNIX developers and Martin Richards (of Cambridge UK) later, in 1970, brought BCPL, evolving into B, C, ... (_but_ definitely not C++)
Professor Corbato got so many things right on the GE645 that he, Gordon Bell, Maurice Wilks and Tom Kilburn were the generation of _REAL_ uber-architects in the 60/70 s; with Gene Ahmdahl and Fred Brooks doing the engineering heavy lifting, Chris Streachy and and the MIT school (Marvin Minsky and many others) did the philosophy.
Without their contributions the Computer Industry would never have started
It is very simple, this demonstrates, once again the arrogance of M$, and, the solution,
... that these bastards sell.
BUY nothing Windoze M$ apps Xbox Zune
The bullet ridden corpses wont do it again,
If you look at the politically correct response to the Somali pirates, you see why the west has to develop an effective and cheap response to this kind of crap.
Special Services, shoot on sight, if you are in the wrong place, or a tac nucke, but something that means we dont have to start another war or nation building experiment (vide Iran hostages and Reagan).
OK, this another stupid meme:
1. Physical security of your systems, you must not make stupid assumptions; vide FortHood.
2. Over wide areas, connectivity security is paramount, and, because of its military origins it is designed for that; TCP connections are hugely resilient to network failures.
3. You are responsible for your own data, and if it, and your control system is important, you need a VPN. The Internet provides robust resialiance, your VPN must deal with data security, and if you can co-factor the APIs that is good. YOU take responsibilities for communication failure (and provide technical mitigation) and you also need to ensure your data is SECURE and can't be HACKED into. That means strong and effective enterprise security management encouraged by putting the CEO in jail if his company is negligent.
But, he is _aware_of_Cisco's policies now, and the rest of the list is better informed.
Do you realize that this is not 'statify' or something, this proposal is to put i686, 86_64, Power ... binaries into one ELF file and have the OS binary loader pick the right one. I know disk space is cheap but this is plainly the dumbest idea ever.
.so object versioning.
There are lots of ways to package an install script and a set of individual binaries, including NON ELF, in the same package. Further it does nothing about pre- and co- requisites and
So I am not surprised that he got a hard time on LKML.
I am also getting very tired of the _kernel_developers_are_rude_ meme, they are not, and are usually very helpful, but idiotic arguments, defense of patches that cause regressions, untested code can quickly change that. Sometimes even very experienced developers, like all of us at one time or another, loose perspective and loose the big picture. If you are a shrinking violet, fixated eg Larry McVoy, or plain confused do something else or listen to advice.
This, which is clearly a waste of time if it is technically possible, at all,
is legislative masturbation,
it isnt that the Congress has nothing to, re-enact Glass-Steagall, stop naked shorts and credit default swaps
properly regulate the Fed, SEC and the exchanges;
Deal with those Too-Big-To-Fail
AC see the Git commit fix referenced in the thread, then die of shame astroturfer
Good, I hope it HURT
3 phase transmission systems mainly use earth (as opposed to system ground) returns; the US 3 phase transformers are all common centre taped to earth, in europe neutral is an earth tap at the transformer, isolated from the transformer. So, if you measure AT the transformer, in Europe, N===E, but not away from the transformer. In the US neutral is, by definition, building (not transformer) earth.
Sorry, NO, read about fuse descrimination, and experience says the wrong breaker/fuse fails first, almost always! Murphy always wins!
Again, Slashdot nonsense,
...
I have been working on >= 130v for more than 80% of my lifetime, hints:
1. it isnt always voltage, 45V at INF amps, or eg a car battery can be VERY dangerous
2. <30V AC/DC pussy
3. You will feel 130VAC but it dosnt hurt and wont kill healthy people
4. 250V hurts DC>AC and is borderline dangerous, but I still get shocks at 65
5. 440VAC is potenially lethal, be very careful
6. 11,000 V+ I hope your affairs are in order, RIP, Insulated tools, gloves, rubber mat, one hand behind your back
Nonsense, It is symetric, and yes it can. I have an EU plug on my Dyson vacuum and it fits, everywhere up/down
Upside Down === Reversed Live/Neutral, ie switched off but still on
No, the EU plug has bigger ROUND pins, so you can not force it into a Swiss Socket unless you drill out the face-plate to permit entry, DONT'T do this, use an adaptor!
The insertion problem is because Idiots have damaged receptacles, If a competent Swiss Elektro-Techniker (a haus-teknik contractor) is called he will, by law, fix/replace all non-compliant receptacles, which were damaged.
This is part of the Round Pin Fix, which is needed if Receptacles are damaged. I live in a traditional haus where over-current/current-balance is on ALL circuits, and is legally mandated in the baugesetz.
Correct, small, and EE correct
... "Think, plan ... Do"
Part of the Schweizerish "Do it right the first time"
Almost anti Dilbert
This is a fairly simple EE design problem, to understand the issues you need just to understand four issues (a) center tapped 230V 3 phase, (b) Current density, (c) ground make first, (d) over-current prevention or fusing.
... No Fuse, is good
The UK plug is the most idiotic, since it makes room for a local fuse, in the plug, and assume that 13A is a nominative current drain; this is idiotic since the need to make room for a consumer changeable fuse, 13A slow-blow, makes the plug HUGE. It also assumes that the consumer will down-rate the plug fuse to obtain fusing descrimination (never happens, and if it does it is invalidated by the first idiot to change fuse, (no 3A use 13A). Thus both plugs and receptacles are too big.
[Beware] in the Arab World eg Saudi uk shape is used to indicate 130V 1/2 phase, half unknown !!! US 230 is 230V bi-phase, phase unknown !
EU Round and Swiss, round triangular, allow far closer packing, and are much more sensible with lights, TV, radio, computer
US 115/230 are also small, no fuse but 115 has no ground and 230 you dont know the polarity or phase without test gear.
Three old EE comments, transistors protect fuses, not the other way round,
Murphy is alive and well, UK fuses are are almost uniformly WRONGLY installed/replaced. The UK design is klunky and based in invalid prejudiced against round pin, which has been a solved problem for 50 years. With UK you do know polarity, but that is very easily tested with a multi-meter. The Swiss, but not the EU plug, which is reversible, enforce neutral continuity.
Everything >10A should be hard-wired or special, its too risky to allow reverse L/N incase N (only) gets fused
Local fusing never works for the normal average joe
Modern over-current, current balance, distribution is better, safer and allows the use of unfused plugs, with L/N balance and overcurrent detection do soft shutdown or force fuse blow at the discretion of the designer.
I for one am getting royally pissed off by shards of Security Dupes as non-tech writers catch up with Security exploits.
...
All kernels have exploits. This exploit is complicated to excercise, you would need very good low-level knowledge to map page 0 then set page 0, location 0 to a valid (code *) and valid kernel code to set up the exploit, or a published HOWTO, after which any script-kiddie can do it. It was discussed on LKML and fixed in short order, a day or so AFAIR. That fix rapidly made it into the Stable Kernel series, and,
You also have to have local shell access first, to a system with compile capabilities or other no-no like ksyms radable by non-root, so yes this was exploitable but with difficulty, not like the many gaping holes in Windoze. It confuses the normal user.
I for one am much more concerned by things like continuous ssh attacks, which you can defend with iptables but really needs support in sshd.
You have, what about 600 Congresmen+Senators, so in about 2 years you could do them all, then start over if the list isnt abolished yet ... LOL
HoneyTraps, have long prior art, Jack Ryan re-invented it in one of Clancys books, but it is attributed to David Niven, then of SIS, not Hollywood c. 1942; but if some idiot at Amazon sells me the wrong book, or one with deliberate misspellings I will enjoy sueing his ass off for 'passing off, or goods not of merchantable quality'.
Why does not a day go by without some corporate jackass trying some stupidity like this, is this all MBA courses in the US teach?
I have just started to see adds for London Business School on CNN again, let me say that these idiots have NO idea, The MBA will be the death of the American Dream, and business as all these DUMBKOFS can see is a zero sum game. Like almost all non (Mathematician, Scientist) academics they are all whores and circulate the university spread thought disease, usually for the highest bidder, just like the Congress.
Staring for the hardest:
Faster than Lightspeed (10^6-10^12 times) Drive
Free Energy (clean Fusion)
cure for Virus diseases
cure for Cancer, and self immune diseases
These are the real challenges for the race, get off this rock, make energy free, live much longer without illness and incapacity.
And all these idiots can do is think up ways of gouging the public for a Star Wars or Harry Potter episode, while Banks are trying to pay Legislators to block efficient Regulation and the HealthCare debate descends into venality as the simple fact that US healthcare is third-world quality at premium prices.
And effectively, while committing a very insideous for of treason, they continue to make money.