The G8 runs most of the Black Helicopters actually, it's not the UN, ZOG and the Lizards like the mainstream media types like David Eicke and Alex Jones tell you.
Does anyone else get the impression that Mark Russinovitch is being groomed to take over from David Cutler? He's like St Peter to Cutler's Jesus. And like Peter I think he will be much harder on the heretics, which is needed right now in these dark days of Vista underperforming and Ubuntu on netbooks. I guess they are similar of the Romans persecution of early Christians.
That post is a pretty concise summing up of the slashdot conventional wisdom on privacy. I have to say that from my experience I strongly disagree with that view. I've lived all over the place, and posted on sites all over the net. Anonymity and privacy bring out the worst in people. The classic online examples would be the internet group anonymous attacking people in packs, or AC trolls here.
Hell the slashdot view of privacy is pretty odd given that most people I've met agree with this cartoon
Of course the end of anonymity means no more free warez. But isn't piracy another antisocial thing that people do because anonymity lets them get away with it?
The excuse for the current anti privacy laws is terrorism. Though in an odd sort of way, present day terrorists are less like the terrorists of old who had clear political goals, and more like a sort of extreme IRL version of internet trolls who want to create as much chaos as possible.
In other words- "I don't care about standards at all, just one company's interpretation of them. We can't control what these companies are going to do with their products, so we might as well just go along with one of them, standards be damned. Oh, lets do that under the guise of 'open source' to sound sanctimonious about it- that way we can all be chained to a single company's interpretation, allowing developers to be lazy (saves money for companies hiring developers! yay!), but we still reserve the right to complain about closed source companies that are essentially doing the same thing!
Damn right! Tech demo type websites often have a note saying they don't work on IE because it is "omg non standard". Quite often they don't work on Opera too. Then again of course, those sorts of websites are basically unusable even on Firefox where they technically work because the user interface is just plain badly designed and they're doing something dumb like using Javascript to do badly what Flash has been able to do well for decades.
In a sense they remind me of the 90's where people would build websites that seemed to be designed to use every bleeding edge IE only feature possible and cover them in warnings that they were "Optimized for Internet Explorer IE 6 Beta 5 and a fast internet connection". Which really means "it works on my machine, I asked the guy in the next cubicle to test it but he said it was all fubar"
A nuclear isomer powered phone could run for centuries. Plus you could power some sort of energy weapon to use against muggers. A gamma ray laser for example.
Another reasonably stable nuclear isomer (with a half-life of 31 years) is hafnium-178m2, which has the highest excitation energy of any comparably long-lived isomer. One gram of pure Hf-178-m2 contains approximately 1330 megajoules of energy, the equivalent of exploding about 317 kilograms (700 pounds) of TNT. Further, in the natural decay of Hf-178-m2, the energy is released as gamma rays with a total energy of 2.45 MeV. As with Ta-180m, there are disputed reports that Hf-178-m2 can be stimulated into releasing its energy, and as a result the substance is being studied as a possible source for gamma ray lasers. These reports also indicate that the energy is released very quickly, so that Hf-178-m2 can produce extremely high powers (on the order of exawatts). Other isomers have also been investigated as possible media for gamma-ray stimulated emission.
Those figures make me want to throw my head back and laugh like a Doctor Who villian.
If terrorists attacked the plane we could act them with laptops converted into weapons that spray boiling nitrogen. Dude that is so cool, it'd look like the smoke spraying guns the Daleks had in Doctor Who.
Of course the terrorists would convert there laptops into freeze guns too, but they'd presumably be outnumbered, unless you were flying Saudi Air.
I don't really consider myself a conservative any more these days. Mind you I support this policy because it's so batshit insane it's got a certain charm. From an economic point it's quite rational too, patients with gunshot injuries are much cheaper to treat than patients who stayed unshot long enough to get a serious (and hard to treat) illness. Come to think of it from an economic point of view there's an argument for handing military grade assault weapons or sawn off shotguns - that way the injuries would be untreatable. Untreatable injuries are cost effective from a medical economics point of view. Hell you could just stop sending ambulances.
Depends what you mean by heavily used. I have a bunch of hard disks with MP3s ripped from CDs as well as zipped file backups. The one here looks like this
Total files = 16,784 Average file size = 4,555 KB Total fragmented files = 3 Total excess fragments = 19 Average fragments per file = 1.00
The 297MB file is the only heavily fragmented one, it has 18 fragments of ~16MB each, the fragmentation on the other files is not going to be noticable. And actually those files would be fragmented on any filesystem - they are fragmented because they have been extended multiple times.
Still with big clusters you're guarantee that cluster size bytes at least are contiguous. In this case the fragments are much bigger than that.
Plus think of what would happen in a traditional inode filesystem to a 297MB file. That's big enough to take you into using triple indirect blocks
Either way, I have zero faith in the UN being able to put together anything bigger or more complex than a boy scout weekend camping trip without massive corruption, waste and/or bad blood being created between member nations.
The effectiveness of international bodies/treaties depends on your metric. In terms of climate change they haven't done a very good job reducing CO2 emissions.
As of year-end 2006, the United Kingdom and Sweden were the only EU countries on pace to meet their Kyoto emissions commitments by 2010. While UN statistics indicate that, as a group, the 36 Kyoto signatory countries can meet the 5% reduction target by 2012, most of the progress in greenhouse gas reduction has come from the stark decline in Eastern European countries' emissions after the fall of communism in the 1990s.
Most countries have done OK out of it though. The EU managed to get the cut in emissions to be based on 1990s emissions, even though when it was signed emissions here already dropping due to Communist era polluters closing down. Russia did even better, and may have been able to make money selling its surplus emssions allowances. China and India got a commitment that 'developed countries have to pay billions of dollars, and supply technology to other countries for climate-related studies and projects'.
Sweden and the UK cut emissions, but they were planning to do that anyway. So every one was happy, except the US who every one else blamed for emissions not dropping.
believe we should be messing with the natural occurances of the solar system. Asteroid collisions are how we got here, how we will end, and how a new smarter, more capable species will come again.
Let it happen naturally. End of story.
You're trolling, I know but look at it this way. If humanity survives long enough we have essentially Godlike levels of technology. No species before humans was as good at maths or science as we are, and there's no reason to assume that post asteroid impact one would ever evolve. Intelligence at a human level is probably some sort of evolutionary fluke as most organisms could get by perfectly adequately without a sense of self, and without the mental hardware to be able to handle maths or complex languages.
Humans aren't perfect, but they're good enough and far superior technologically to anything else that has ever existed on this planet, and as far as we can tell, anywhere else either.
You should write a sci fi short story where the Q types are the real heros and the James Bond character is a silly poopy head who's only interested in being popular. You could release it under Creative Commons too, to make sure you win a popularity contest amongst geeks, because that would totally make you a Q who does clever things in the shadows, not douchebag who's good at self publicism.
It is possible to send messages by sound without using any electronic equipment. If your muscles are developed enough for you to be able to walk to the bar, you may still have working vocal chords. If you exercise them, they won't atrophy away by the age of 20 like they do in most people.
You could extend FAT32 to handle bigger drives. The 2TB limit comes from the fact the the volume size is limited to 2^32 sectors. With a hard disk that's 2TB.
One possibility would be to add a 32 bit volume size in clusters field to the FSInfo sector which already contains the first free cluster and the free cluster count. FAT32 has the upper 4 bits in a FAT entry marked as reserved which limits you to 2^28 clusters. You bump the filesystem version in the bootsector and use all of the bits in a FAT entry. With those two changges you could have 2^32 clusters which is 256TB with 64K clusters.
It's the same with the 4GB limit. You could use one of the spare bytes in the directory entry to have more bits of filesize. Some Doses do this and call it FAT+
Mind you, the reason people use FAT32 is because it is supported by everything. If you did either of these things you'd end up with a file system which wasn't supported by anyone. Old implementations would either corrupt volumes which were more than 2TB or had files bigger than 4GB or fail to mount them.
Now Microsoft have something called exFAT, a completely new filesystem which is incompatible with FAT32 and patented so it's not really in their interests to keep adding features to FAT32 which is now more or less open. At least I don't think many people paid them royalties and they haven't sued anyone to get them.
You joke but fat with big clusters is pretty efficient for media applications. It's easy to get a good cache hit rate on the FAT cache.
E.g consider a FAT32 filesystem reading from a contiguous file. You have 512 bytes sectors 32K clusters. You have a one sector buffer for FAT data in the filesystem and a cluster sized buffer to read ahead data in the application. Each read of the FAT tells you where 128 clusters are. So you read a sector of FAT and then you can read 128 data clusters (4MB) before you need to do any metadata access. That's a very low overhead. There are no inodes to be updated, no atime and no bitmap, just the FAT, data clusters and directory entries. You need to update the time in the directory entry only once when you close the file if it has been written.
A small amount of code can get read speeds that are close to the raw read speed of the device for a contiguous file because you spend a small amount of time on bookkeeping.
Of course directories aren't indexed but lots of applications don't have vast numbers of files in a directory. In any case reading ahead as far as possible and doing a linear search is probably quicker than doing a B tree access which involves moving the hard disk head around. Even fragmentation doesn't introduce much overhead, you'd just have to reload you FAT buffer from a different place in the FAT each time you cross into a new fragment. Traditionally inode based fiesystems are worse because you have multiple levels of indirection to find the data blocks. Ext4 uses extents instead but a FAT implentation could keep track of extents in Ram so reading a big contiguous file would require FAT reads only until the filesystem works out that the file is one big extent.
If you have large directories it slows down a bit but you can always cache the mapping from files to clusters.
Most people running inode based filesystems with atime updates on, the default, probably have a filesytem which is less efficient than FAT. On Windows for example NTFS is slower than FAT in the default config with atime updates on. Kind of embarassing given that NTFS is much more high tech filesystem with Btrees fo directories and extent lists in the inodes to track data blocks.
Of course NTFS has a logfile but that only protects metadata. FAT has bit in the first FAT entry to mark the volume dirty, the idea is that you set it before you write and clear it when you're done. If you mount a filesystem with the bit set you need to do a chkdsk. Chkdsking means reading all the directories and making sure that the allocations match the FAT. It's slower than a logfile based chkdsk but it will fix corrupt metadata, mostly by freeing lost clusters. You wouldn't want to boot your OS from it, but it's good for play MP3s or AVIs from. It's also incredibly widely supported - pretty much any PC OS, games console or media player will handle it. And it works for drives of up to 2TB. Really the only problem is 4GB max file size.
ReiserFS used to be the killer FS, but now it seems like it is stuck. But I shall not be the judge of that, though there seems to be some truth buried in it somehow. And not to mention, the next release is probably more than a few years down the road.
BeaterFS will absolutely slaughter ResiserFS. Bury it.
Yeah really. I heard they had some crazy idea for some kind of computer "network" that could one day comprise millions and millions of machines and allow for pervasive communication and information retrieval. What a bunch of nuts.
We all know that the future of computers is a big municipal mainframe that people can access from their home computer-room over a compact terminal no bigger than a '57 Cadillac.
You cannot argue closed source software does have some advantages: you can have bigger price on it.
Open source has its own advantages, it is cheaper to the customer, and the "customer is the king".
READ the documentation before speaking. THE DEVELOPER is king. It is stated clearly in Elvish on the man page for the latest nightly build of unstable-qwzrt-1.05.3.rc845
And don't try to read the man page unless you have unsupported-font-elvish installed, version 4 or later (but NOT version 5 or 6 which EVERYONE knows is borked). And you can't install unsupported package unless you hexedit manifest.bin, let's not revisit that old chestnut. We assume some BASIC level of COMPUTER SKILLS amongst people that insist on installing UNSUPPORTED or UNSTABLE packages.
Jesus, I work for FREE for you people, the least I'd expect is that you would do your homework before spouting off about stuff that you know nothing about. Your WORSE than my BITCH WIFE. One of these days I'm going to MURDER her.
I read some sci fi story called The Million Dollar wound where this happened. The problem for the soldiers was that medicine was so good that there was no Million Dollar wound in the Vietnam sense, i.e. some injury that would get you sent home but didn't leave you dead or crippled.
Slashdot Mirror
The G8 runs most of the Black Helicopters actually, it's not the UN, ZOG and the Lizards like the mainstream media types like David Eicke and Alex Jones tell you.
Does anyone else get the impression that Mark Russinovitch is being groomed to take over from David Cutler? He's like St Peter to Cutler's Jesus. And like Peter I think he will be much harder on the heretics, which is needed right now in these dark days of Vista underperforming and Ubuntu on netbooks. I guess they are similar of the Romans persecution of early Christians.
That post is a pretty concise summing up of the slashdot conventional wisdom on privacy. I have to say that from my experience I strongly disagree with that view. I've lived all over the place, and posted on sites all over the net. Anonymity and privacy bring out the worst in people. The classic online examples would be the internet group anonymous attacking people in packs, or AC trolls here.
Hell the slashdot view of privacy is pretty odd given that most people I've met agree with this cartoon
http://www.penny-arcade.com/comic/2004/03/19/
Of course the end of anonymity means no more free warez. But isn't piracy another antisocial thing that people do because anonymity lets them get away with it?
The excuse for the current anti privacy laws is terrorism. Though in an odd sort of way, present day terrorists are less like the terrorists of old who had clear political goals, and more like a sort of extreme IRL version of internet trolls who want to create as much chaos as possible.
In other words- "I don't care about standards at all, just one company's interpretation of them. We can't control what these companies are going to do with their products, so we might as well just go along with one of them, standards be damned. Oh, lets do that under the guise of 'open source' to sound sanctimonious about it- that way we can all be chained to a single company's interpretation, allowing developers to be lazy (saves money for companies hiring developers! yay!), but we still reserve the right to complain about closed source companies that are essentially doing the same thing!
Damn right! Tech demo type websites often have a note saying they don't work on IE because it is "omg non standard". Quite often they don't work on Opera too. Then again of course, those sorts of websites are basically unusable even on Firefox where they technically work because the user interface is just plain badly designed and they're doing something dumb like using Javascript to do badly what Flash has been able to do well for decades.
In a sense they remind me of the 90's where people would build websites that seemed to be designed to use every bleeding edge IE only feature possible and cover them in warnings that they were "Optimized for Internet Explorer IE 6 Beta 5 and a fast internet connection". Which really means "it works on my machine, I asked the guy in the next cubicle to test it but he said it was all fubar"
A nuclear isomer powered phone could run for centuries. Plus you could power some sort of energy weapon to use against muggers. A gamma ray laser for example.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metastable_isomer
Another reasonably stable nuclear isomer (with a half-life of 31 years) is hafnium-178m2, which has the highest excitation energy of any comparably long-lived isomer. One gram of pure Hf-178-m2 contains approximately 1330 megajoules of energy, the equivalent of exploding about 317 kilograms (700 pounds) of TNT. Further, in the natural decay of Hf-178-m2, the energy is released as gamma rays with a total energy of 2.45 MeV. As with Ta-180m, there are disputed reports that Hf-178-m2 can be stimulated into releasing its energy, and as a result the substance is being studied as a possible source for gamma ray lasers. These reports also indicate that the energy is released very quickly, so that Hf-178-m2 can produce extremely high powers (on the order of exawatts). Other isomers have also been investigated as possible media for gamma-ray stimulated emission.
Those figures make me want to throw my head back and laugh like a Doctor Who villian.
No you didn't.
If terrorists attacked the plane we could act them with laptops converted into weapons that spray boiling nitrogen. Dude that is so cool, it'd look like the smoke spraying guns the Daleks had in Doctor Who.
Of course the terrorists would convert there laptops into freeze guns too, but they'd presumably be outnumbered, unless you were flying Saudi Air.
Uh, you consider this a conservative victory?
I don't really consider myself a conservative any more these days. Mind you I support this policy because it's so batshit insane it's got a certain charm. From an economic point it's quite rational too, patients with gunshot injuries are much cheaper to treat than patients who stayed unshot long enough to get a serious (and hard to treat) illness. Come to think of it from an economic point of view there's an argument for handing military grade assault weapons or sawn off shotguns - that way the injuries would be untreatable. Untreatable injuries are cost effective from a medical economics point of view. Hell you could just stop sending ambulances.
Depends what you mean by heavily used. I have a bunch of hard disks with MP3s ripped from CDs as well as zipped file backups. The one here looks like this
Total files = 16,784
Average file size = 4,555 KB
Total fragmented files = 3
Total excess fragments = 19
Average fragments per file = 1.00
Fragments File Size
2 960 KB
2 10,878 KB
18 297 MB
The 297MB file is the only heavily fragmented one, it has 18 fragments of ~16MB each, the fragmentation on the other files is not going to be noticable. And actually those files would be fragmented on any filesystem - they are fragmented because they have been extended multiple times.
Still with big clusters you're guarantee that cluster size bytes at least are contiguous. In this case the fragments are much bigger than that.
Plus think of what would happen in a traditional inode filesystem to a 297MB file. That's big enough to take you into using triple indirect blocks
http://www.rwalker.nildram.co.uk/work/os/inodes.html
Triple indirect blocks will cause horribly non local disk access.
Either way, I have zero faith in the UN being able to put together anything bigger or more complex than a boy scout weekend camping trip without massive corruption, waste and/or bad blood being created between member nations.
The effectiveness of international bodies/treaties depends on your metric. In terms of climate change they haven't done a very good job reducing CO2 emissions.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kyoto_Protocol#Increase_in_greenhouse_gas_emission_since_1990
As of year-end 2006, the United Kingdom and Sweden were the only EU countries on pace to meet their Kyoto emissions commitments by 2010. While UN statistics indicate that, as a group, the 36 Kyoto signatory countries can meet the 5% reduction target by 2012, most of the progress in greenhouse gas reduction has come from the stark decline in Eastern European countries' emissions after the fall of communism in the 1990s.
Most countries have done OK out of it though. The EU managed to get the cut in emissions to be based on 1990s emissions, even though when it was signed emissions here already dropping due to Communist era polluters closing down. Russia did even better, and may have been able to make money selling its surplus emssions allowances. China and India got a commitment that 'developed countries have to pay billions of dollars, and supply technology to other countries for climate-related studies and projects'.
Sweden and the UK cut emissions, but they were planning to do that anyway. So every one was happy, except the US who every one else blamed for emissions not dropping.
believe we should be messing with the natural occurances of the solar system. Asteroid collisions are how we got here, how we will end, and how a new smarter, more capable species will come again.
Let it happen naturally. End of story.
You're trolling, I know but look at it this way. If humanity survives long enough we have essentially Godlike levels of technology. No species before humans was as good at maths or science as we are, and there's no reason to assume that post asteroid impact one would ever evolve. Intelligence at a human level is probably some sort of evolutionary fluke as most organisms could get by perfectly adequately without a sense of self, and without the mental hardware to be able to handle maths or complex languages.
Humans aren't perfect, but they're good enough and far superior technologically to anything else that has ever existed on this planet, and as far as we can tell, anywhere else either.
You should write a sci fi short story where the Q types are the real heros and the James Bond character is a silly poopy head who's only interested in being popular. You could release it under Creative Commons too, to make sure you win a popularity contest amongst geeks, because that would totally make you a Q who does clever things in the shadows, not douchebag who's good at self publicism.
Vowells [sic]
srry cnt spllchck dsmvwld nglsh, spclly f t ss md p wrds.
It is possible to send messages by sound without using any electronic equipment. If your muscles are developed enough for you to be able to walk to the bar, you may still have working vocal chords. If you exercise them, they won't atrophy away by the age of 20 like they do in most people.
vwlls r vl. thts why thr r n vwlls n hbrw.
cracka stole my arm.
On the upside though the debris from the impact will cure global warming.
You could extend FAT32 to handle bigger drives. The 2TB limit comes from the fact the the volume size is limited to 2^32 sectors. With a hard disk that's 2TB.
One possibility would be to add a 32 bit volume size in clusters field to the FSInfo sector which already contains the first free cluster and the free cluster count. FAT32 has the upper 4 bits in a FAT entry marked as reserved which limits you to 2^28 clusters. You bump the filesystem version in the bootsector and use all of the bits in a FAT entry. With those two changges you could have 2^32 clusters which is 256TB with 64K clusters.
It's the same with the 4GB limit. You could use one of the spare bytes in the directory entry to have more bits of filesize. Some Doses do this and call it FAT+
Mind you, the reason people use FAT32 is because it is supported by everything. If you did either of these things you'd end up with a file system which wasn't supported by anyone. Old implementations would either corrupt volumes which were more than 2TB or had files bigger than 4GB or fail to mount them.
Now Microsoft have something called exFAT, a completely new filesystem which is incompatible with FAT32 and patented so it's not really in their interests to keep adding features to FAT32 which is now more or less open. At least I don't think many people paid them royalties and they haven't sued anyone to get them.
It'll be like "Dallas" or "Knot's Landing", but with spaceships? Wow!
No, that was V
You joke but fat with big clusters is pretty efficient for media applications. It's easy to get a good cache hit rate on the FAT cache.
E.g consider a FAT32 filesystem reading from a contiguous file. You have 512 bytes sectors 32K clusters. You have a one sector buffer for FAT data in the filesystem and a cluster sized buffer to read ahead data in the application. Each read of the FAT tells you where 128 clusters are. So you read a sector of FAT and then you can read 128 data clusters (4MB) before you need to do any metadata access. That's a very low overhead. There are no inodes to be updated, no atime and no bitmap, just the FAT, data clusters and directory entries. You need to update the time in the directory entry only once when you close the file if it has been written.
A small amount of code can get read speeds that are close to the raw read speed of the device for a contiguous file because you spend a small amount of time on bookkeeping.
Of course directories aren't indexed but lots of applications don't have vast numbers of files in a directory. In any case reading ahead as far as possible and doing a linear search is probably quicker than doing a B tree access which involves moving the hard disk head around. Even fragmentation doesn't introduce much overhead, you'd just have to reload you FAT buffer from a different place in the FAT each time you cross into a new fragment. Traditionally inode based fiesystems are worse because you have multiple levels of indirection to find the data blocks. Ext4 uses extents instead but a FAT implentation could keep track of extents in Ram so reading a big contiguous file would require FAT reads only until the filesystem works out that the file is one big extent.
If you have large directories it slows down a bit but you can always cache the mapping from files to clusters.
Most people running inode based filesystems with atime updates on, the default, probably have a filesytem which is less efficient than FAT. On Windows for example NTFS is slower than FAT in the default config with atime updates on. Kind of embarassing given that NTFS is much more high tech filesystem with Btrees fo directories and extent lists in the inodes to track data blocks.
Of course NTFS has a logfile but that only protects metadata. FAT has bit in the first FAT entry to mark the volume dirty, the idea is that you set it before you write and clear it when you're done. If you mount a filesystem with the bit set you need to do a chkdsk. Chkdsking means reading all the directories and making sure that the allocations match the FAT. It's slower than a logfile based chkdsk but it will fix corrupt metadata, mostly by freeing lost clusters. You wouldn't want to boot your OS from it, but it's good for play MP3s or AVIs from. It's also incredibly widely supported - pretty much any PC OS, games console or media player will handle it. And it works for drives of up to 2TB. Really the only problem is 4GB max file size.
ReiserFS used to be the killer FS, but now it seems like it is stuck. But I shall not be the judge of that, though there seems to be some truth buried in it somehow. And not to mention, the next release is probably more than a few years down the road.
BeaterFS will absolutely slaughter ResiserFS. Bury it.
Yeah really. I heard they had some crazy idea for some kind of computer "network" that could one day comprise millions and millions of machines and allow for pervasive communication and information retrieval. What a bunch of nuts.
We all know that the future of computers is a big municipal mainframe that people can access from their home computer-room over a compact terminal no bigger than a '57 Cadillac.
Actually I wasn't being sarcastic.
No need, it's just slowed down and then disappeared in a flash of blue white light. Problem solved.
Last I checked Notes, Rose, etc. were not free.
You cannot argue closed source software does have some advantages: you can have bigger price on it.
Open source has its own advantages, it is cheaper to the customer, and the "customer is the king".
READ the documentation before speaking. THE DEVELOPER is king. It is stated clearly in Elvish on the man page for the latest nightly build of unstable-qwzrt-1.05.3.rc845
And don't try to read the man page unless you have unsupported-font-elvish installed, version 4 or later (but NOT version 5 or 6 which EVERYONE knows is borked). And you can't install unsupported package unless you hexedit manifest.bin, let's not revisit that old chestnut. We assume some BASIC level of COMPUTER SKILLS amongst people that insist on installing UNSUPPORTED or UNSTABLE packages.
Jesus, I work for FREE for you people, the least I'd expect is that you would do your homework before spouting off about stuff that you know nothing about. Your WORSE than my BITCH WIFE. One of these days I'm going to MURDER her.
I read some sci fi story called The Million Dollar wound where this happened. The problem for the soldiers was that medicine was so good that there was no Million Dollar wound in the Vietnam sense, i.e. some injury that would get you sent home but didn't leave you dead or crippled.