Yeah.. my info might be a little old since last I programmed with macs was when ppc-stuff was coming out. All I did was 68k.. Could be that the old ppc-compilers did use code resources, though.. To my recollection application execution was started(way back) by loading up a specific code-resource..
Mac files are composed of two forks, resource and data. In pc-world only the latter one exists. For most things that are not executable (documents, pictures, etc..) mac and pc-versions of that file would be equal.
Resource fork is, when put in slashdot terms: a database of records grouped by a four letter identifier and id-number. That four letter code marks the type and id, well it's an id.
Resource forks generally contain stuff such as executable code segments, pictures, icons, dialog-templates, alert-templates, sounds, menus, strings, configuration info, etc... In the case of an application: everything!
Why is this a good idea: Easy access from code (don't need to worry about a location for some sounds/pictures), everything contained in a single place and it is very modifiable. Want to translate the menus (and just about everything else textual) into swahili.. Sure, go ahead and launch resedit..
I'm very doubtfull of ntfs natively supporting dual-forks. Generally copying macfiles into foreign file-systems has required some sort of encoding before writing the data. Generally this encoding is called macbinary, which happens to be just about the same format that mac-files are saved even on macs. Filesystem access routines(on a mac) just now about the file-info-block and where resources start and data ends.. Write all this info in one chunk on a pc and your file is very safe.
And your analogy is totally wrong! Resource-fork doesn't have anything to do with file identification. This information is stored in the file information block at the filesystem level. Files without resources-forks can have type information without silly three-letter suffixes.
Actually, it would be funny if you had a real mp3 file that would decode into a text file with RIAA are a bunch of morons repeating.. Of course listening to the said file would result in terrible noise but..
Doesn't matter. In a court of law only the exact wording of the claims and claims only(no descriptions, abstracts, pictures, etc..) determines whether you're infringing or not. And sometimes it is enough to infringe a substantial portion of a single claim to be in violation.
I read the claims. They are broad. And you have to remember that in order to infring a patent infringing a single claim or even a substantial portion of a single claim is enough. Basically it applies to all 3d enviroments matching claim 5. For some more info on patent law, specifically infringing on one, look here.
In any case it doesn't typically result in hip surgery. Bad injuries among skaters are not that common at all.. Maybe in a contact sport like ice hockey you get a little more injuries but that is to be expected. Speed skating and figure skating are actually fairly safe if done properly and under professional supervision.
I recall that over 30% of americans doubt that man ever landed on moon. I'm certainly one of those who think that it would have been highly unlikely with 1960's technology. Now yes, then unlikely.
How great a percentage of the people who were not yet born back in late 60's or early 70's (or weren't old enough to comprehend) truly appreciate the fact that u.s. (maybe) wen't to the moon and (emphasize on the following) *beat the soviets*. It is not so much that you wen't to moon, but that you beat your nemesis while doing it.
Yes, americans are patriotic about heroes but put things into modern perspective and a lot of that is lost. Like I said earlier there is no cold war anymore. No nemesis, no true nationalism.. Corporatism and stock markest yes,..
I really doubt that any american would question them being the undisputable world power #1. Having established this status some puny asian nation isn't really going to make much of a difference whether they'll make it to the moon or not. U.s. still rules and money matters.. Infinite budgets to beat your ark rival are a thing of the past in u.s. BUT *not in india or especially china!*
Putting up few ads in SF wouldn't result in too much results but make them illegal and, presto, you get free publicity with all the major newspapers getting interested etc.
Any publicity is good publicity to some but this can't be bad publicity in any case. It's just few harmless biodegradable graffitis that'll wash out in few weeks (or someone from ibm will wash them).
Calvin Klein (or benetton) got criticised for his provocative ads bringing him even more publicity, how is this any different?
Very clever, indeed.. It sure made an impression at slashdot.
And even if India and China both put a man on moon the american public is going to care because? I doubt that even a mars mission from would gather that much interest. There is no cold war going on and people are more concerned about their standard of living here on earth.
Neither one of those countries can really threaten (no a silly plane with 24 men doesn't count) the u.s. aside doomsday scenarios and nobody really wins at those..
Space race was a product of cold war that is long gone and forgotten along with nationalism.. It's all about the money nowadays.. Wish it weren't, though..
Yeah.. they were nice. They don't have to, though.. Competition sometimes helps getting companies nicer so that you don't dump them.. If you don't have a choice like in many places were you have a choice of one local carrier, you're sol. We used to have three options, then bell atlantic bought the other two and now there's one verizon..
About that hypothetical telephone solicitation. If you have an established business relationship, you can't do a thing about it. They can call you all they want and let you know of their new services etc. They do not give an option to opt out nor do they have to. There are interesting restrictions for companies that do not have an established business relationship with you, however..
That is exactly the cultural difference. In U.S. culture apology is an admission of wrongdoing to some extent but in chinese culture it is more of a polite formality in case of a mishappening. U.S. could at least say that they feel sorry instead of regretting the incident..
I agree with you. First few weeks after the change of anchorship were kind of wierd but after that Stewart's been top notch most of the time. I guess a little known fact is that he actually used to write for SNL. His stand-up comics aside DS are also hilarious although everything he does tends to concentrate on him making fun of himself or his religion(jews). Oh well, 15min/day of him makes my day..
Personally I think that you(including that AC) shouldn't really be talking at all..
Let's go over some specifications..
Lowest level of a unit in cd specifications is 588 bits. This is called a frame and it consists of audio, subchannel and error correction information. In actuality only 192 bits of data are used for these. Next level of coding is a block of 2352 bytes. This is the smallest amount of information that a regular cd-rom drive can extract. This applies to information after the error correction is performed. There are 98 of of 588 bit frames in a block(remember only 192 real bits/frame).
Now there is no way in hell that anyone is going to mess with the error correction as it would render the cds useless! So you can leave your petty buzzwords like CIRC out of this discussion as they do not apply to the problem in question!
Next.. There are 8 subchannels not 4 like you falsely claim. These are P,Q,R,S,T,U,V and W. You can pretty much do away with everything else but P and Q and still be fine. P is used for track index markers such as pre-gap and the actual start of music information. One noticeable effect of channel P in action is when a cd-changes tracks and you see -2 sec which counts to zero and then the music starts. Sometimes there are hidden strongs in the pregap of the first track(as this is never played) and you can listen to them by rewinding to before the first track. Cdrdao is a nice way to make these for your own cds. Q is used for position information which is what enables you to see how much of music is remaining on the cd etc..
There are certain expectations for a standards conforming audio cd. One of them is that the information in subchannels matches that in the table of contents. I can imagine a cd-rom firmware going crazy if these do not match. However, in actuality this has nothing to do with the audio data. If you can address a raw block of 2352 you can always retrieve the audio data as is after circ-error correction, which, as we already established, is not going to be a factor in this discussion.
Damn sure this is going to be slower than DAE which most likely is not being done by raw block reads but damn sure is also that if a cd-rom drive can retrieve a raw data block(mine can, I've programmed it to do it myself) it can also retrieve all of this so called copy protected audio. Now I'm not saying that a cd-rom drive is going to let you read raw blocks when toc says that there should be no data there so some firmware updates might be necessary for the drives..
to ac: You are an idiot who should keep your fingers off the keyboard. This has nothing to do with skip protection but that it is unfortunately affected by it. Skip protection works fundamentally the same way as a cdrom drive when it is buffering the audio data. However when the timecoding is confused by manipulation of subcode channels and toc the simple firmware of these drives is confused too much and thus they do not function.
rant mode off...
This is not ment as a personal attack on anyone. I'm just generally pissed today and you two individuals just pushed it a little too far..
I haven't written software like cdparanoia but I did toy around with the raw data reading capabilities while experimenting with custom cd-based backup. Basically kernel has a simple ioctl to read the RAW 2352 byte block of data from cd. This is done without applying any of the hardware data correction and without any regards to the format of data. Audio uses full 2352 blocks so technically you're reading just the audio data. For data cds these blocks appear as 2048 bytes and rest is used for error correction. CD-firmware most likely has a ton of hooks so that when you want to read the toc or do dae you don't have to reinvent the wheel but you are also going to be limited by the capabilities of the firmware. Yes there is an extremely low level interface but utilising it is going to depend on the capabilities of the drive in question. It might be unsupported. For instance, my cd-burner supports reading/writing the subchannels on a cd but my regular cd-rom drive can't read them..
Yeah.. Let's never ever do anything more than once. Went out partying last week, why should I go out anymore.. oh wait, it was fun. And there is always something new like different people..
Last year was three months ago at the earliest. Even without any new information it is still an interesting topic.
Hehe.. I've tried that ski vacation thing too.. The positive effects of getting drunk with less booze are normally neutralized by the high price of alcohol at after-ski places.. So you end up getting drunk for the same price as sea level(unless sea-level is at a high price holiday resort..). Oh well, It was fun trying to come down an ice slope after quite a few beers in St. Anton.. I stayed up, of course, but a friend of mine didn't(I had skis, he was boarding)...
With zdnet's reputation for accurate tech-reporting I'd assume that transmeta is not going to develop Windows XP itself but rather for XP(a big difference!). So in other words transmeta might provide an api or write a driver to take advantage of crusoe's special features.
Taking 7+ hour plane trips close to two dozen times a year I can say based on empirical studies that effects of alcohol seem intensified at high altitudes. I recall reading somewhere that the thinner air causes you to get drunk easier, or something.. Don't know how the atmospheric pressure or level of oxygen was at mir, though.
There are several accelerated framebuffer drivers! tdfxfb comes to mind first(because I have two cards that run with that).
Of course the acceleration won't be on the level of X with bitmap/texture storage and offscreen buffers etc.. but it still makes a difference - a huge one compared to the generic vga-fb..
Predicting ISN is more useful for pretending to be someone else. You can fake the originating ip-address and when server sends it's reply to the host you faked(which you of course will not receive) you acknowledge the connection by responding with a reply that contains a predicted server ISN(which you didn't receive).
If the server is stupid enough to authenticate based on ip-address(rlogin, etc..) you could then compromise the server..
Man in the middle doesn't have much to do with predicting isn as if you are in the position to intercept all traffic implementing it is fairly trivial with unencrypted connections.. Also if you are capable of intercepting all communications you could easily intercept the isn and thus fake to be someone else..
Slashdot Mirror
Yeah.. my info might be a little old since last I programmed with macs was when ppc-stuff was coming out. All I did was 68k.. Could be that the old ppc-compilers did use code resources, though.. To my recollection application execution was started(way back) by loading up a specific code-resource..
Mac files are composed of two forks, resource and data. In pc-world only the latter one exists. For most things that are not executable (documents, pictures, etc..) mac and pc-versions of that file would be equal.
Resource fork is, when put in slashdot terms: a database of records grouped by a four letter identifier and id-number. That four letter code marks the type and id, well it's an id.
Resource forks generally contain stuff such as executable code segments, pictures, icons, dialog-templates, alert-templates, sounds, menus, strings, configuration info, etc... In the case of an application: everything!
Why is this a good idea: Easy access from code (don't need to worry about a location for some sounds/pictures), everything contained in a single place and it is very modifiable. Want to translate the menus (and just about everything else textual) into swahili.. Sure, go ahead and launch resedit..
I'm very doubtfull of ntfs natively supporting dual-forks. Generally copying macfiles into foreign file-systems has required some sort of encoding before writing the data. Generally this encoding is called macbinary, which happens to be just about the same format that mac-files are saved even on macs. Filesystem access routines(on a mac) just now about the file-info-block and where resources start and data ends.. Write all this info in one chunk on a pc and your file is very safe.
And your analogy is totally wrong! Resource-fork doesn't have anything to do with file identification. This information is stored in the file information block at the filesystem level. Files without resources-forks can have type information without silly three-letter suffixes.
Actually, it would be funny if you had a real mp3 file that would decode into a text file with RIAA are a bunch of morons repeating.. Of course listening to the said file would result in terrible noise but..
Doesn't matter. In a court of law only the exact wording of the claims and claims only(no descriptions, abstracts, pictures, etc..) determines whether you're infringing or not. And sometimes it is enough to infringe a substantial portion of a single claim to be in violation.
I read the claims. They are broad. And you have to remember that in order to infring a patent infringing a single claim or even a substantial portion of a single claim is enough. Basically it applies to all 3d enviroments matching claim 5. For some more info on patent law, specifically infringing on one, look here.
In any case it doesn't typically result in hip surgery. Bad injuries among skaters are not that common at all.. Maybe in a contact sport like ice hockey you get a little more injuries but that is to be expected. Speed skating and figure skating are actually fairly safe if done properly and under professional supervision.
How great a percentage of the people who were not yet born back in late 60's or early 70's (or weren't old enough to comprehend) truly appreciate the fact that u.s. (maybe) wen't to the moon and (emphasize on the following) *beat the soviets*. It is not so much that you wen't to moon, but that you beat your nemesis while doing it.
Yes, americans are patriotic about heroes but put things into modern perspective and a lot of that is lost. Like I said earlier there is no cold war anymore. No nemesis, no true nationalism.. Corporatism and stock markest yes,..
I really doubt that any american would question them being the undisputable world power #1. Having established this status some puny asian nation isn't really going to make much of a difference whether they'll make it to the moon or not. U.s. still rules and money matters.. Infinite budgets to beat your ark rival are a thing of the past in u.s. BUT *not in india or especially china!*
Any publicity is good publicity to some but this can't be bad publicity in any case. It's just few harmless biodegradable graffitis that'll wash out in few weeks (or someone from ibm will wash them).
Calvin Klein (or benetton) got criticised for his provocative ads bringing him even more publicity, how is this any different?
Very clever, indeed.. It sure made an impression at slashdot.
Neither one of those countries can really threaten (no a silly plane with 24 men doesn't count) the u.s. aside doomsday scenarios and nobody really wins at those..
Space race was a product of cold war that is long gone and forgotten along with nationalism.. It's all about the money nowadays.. Wish it weren't, though..
Maybe it should have said: ...please try again after four years .
Yeah.. they were nice. They don't have to, though.. Competition sometimes helps getting companies nicer so that you don't dump them.. If you don't have a choice like in many places were you have a choice of one local carrier, you're sol. We used to have three options, then bell atlantic bought the other two and now there's one verizon..
About that hypothetical telephone solicitation. If you have an established business relationship, you can't do a thing about it. They can call you all they want and let you know of their new services etc. They do not give an option to opt out nor do they have to. There are interesting restrictions for companies that do not have an established business relationship with you, however..
That is exactly the cultural difference. In U.S. culture apology is an admission of wrongdoing to some extent but in chinese culture it is more of a polite formality in case of a mishappening. U.S. could at least say that they feel sorry instead of regretting the incident..
I agree with you. First few weeks after the change of anchorship were kind of wierd but after that Stewart's been top notch most of the time. I guess a little known fact is that he actually used to write for SNL. His stand-up comics aside DS are also hilarious although everything he does tends to concentrate on him making fun of himself or his religion(jews). Oh well, 15min/day of him makes my day..
New episodes only Monday-Thursday..
So I suppose we can just label viruses such as ebola, hiv or cjd under the label dumbest viruses ever..
rant mode on..
Personally I think that you(including that AC) shouldn't really be talking at all..
Let's go over some specifications..
Lowest level of a unit in cd specifications is 588 bits. This is called a frame and it consists of audio, subchannel and error correction information. In actuality only 192 bits of data are used for these. Next level of coding is a block of 2352 bytes. This is the smallest amount of information that a regular cd-rom drive can extract. This applies to information after the error correction is performed. There are 98 of of 588 bit frames in a block(remember only 192 real bits/frame).
Now there is no way in hell that anyone is going to mess with the error correction as it would render the cds useless! So you can leave your petty buzzwords like CIRC out of this discussion as they do not apply to the problem in question!
Next.. There are 8 subchannels not 4 like you falsely claim. These are P,Q,R,S,T,U,V and W. You can pretty much do away with everything else but P and Q and still be fine. P is used for track index markers such as pre-gap and the actual start of music information. One noticeable effect of channel P in action is when a cd-changes tracks and you see -2 sec which counts to zero and then the music starts. Sometimes there are hidden strongs in the pregap of the first track(as this is never played) and you can listen to them by rewinding to before the first track. Cdrdao is a nice way to make these for your own cds. Q is used for position information which is what enables you to see how much of music is remaining on the cd etc..
There are certain expectations for a standards conforming audio cd. One of them is that the information in subchannels matches that in the table of contents. I can imagine a cd-rom firmware going crazy if these do not match. However, in actuality this has nothing to do with the audio data. If you can address a raw block of 2352 you can always retrieve the audio data as is after circ-error correction, which, as we already established, is not going to be a factor in this discussion.
Damn sure this is going to be slower than DAE which most likely is not being done by raw block reads but damn sure is also that if a cd-rom drive can retrieve a raw data block(mine can, I've programmed it to do it myself) it can also retrieve all of this so called copy protected audio. Now I'm not saying that a cd-rom drive is going to let you read raw blocks when toc says that there should be no data there so some firmware updates might be necessary for the drives..
to ac: You are an idiot who should keep your fingers off the keyboard. This has nothing to do with skip protection but that it is unfortunately affected by it. Skip protection works fundamentally the same way as a cdrom drive when it is buffering the audio data. However when the timecoding is confused by manipulation of subcode channels and toc the simple firmware of these drives is confused too much and thus they do not function.
rant mode off...
This is not ment as a personal attack on anyone. I'm just generally pissed today and you two individuals just pushed it a little too far..
I haven't written software like cdparanoia but I did toy around with the raw data reading capabilities while experimenting with custom cd-based backup. Basically kernel has a simple ioctl to read the RAW 2352 byte block of data from cd. This is done without applying any of the hardware data correction and without any regards to the format of data. Audio uses full 2352 blocks so technically you're reading just the audio data. For data cds these blocks appear as 2048 bytes and rest is used for error correction. CD-firmware most likely has a ton of hooks so that when you want to read the toc or do dae you don't have to reinvent the wheel but you are also going to be limited by the capabilities of the firmware. Yes there is an extremely low level interface but utilising it is going to depend on the capabilities of the drive in question. It might be unsupported. For instance, my cd-burner supports reading/writing the subchannels on a cd but my regular cd-rom drive can't read them..
Yeah.. Let's never ever do anything more than once. Went out partying last week, why should I go out anymore.. oh wait, it was fun. And there is always something new like different people.. Last year was three months ago at the earliest. Even without any new information it is still an interesting topic.
Hehe.. I've tried that ski vacation thing too.. The positive effects of getting drunk with less booze are normally neutralized by the high price of alcohol at after-ski places.. So you end up getting drunk for the same price as sea level(unless sea-level is at a high price holiday resort..). Oh well, It was fun trying to come down an ice slope after quite a few beers in St. Anton.. I stayed up, of course, but a friend of mine didn't(I had skis, he was boarding)...
With zdnet's reputation for accurate tech-reporting I'd assume that transmeta is not going to develop Windows XP itself but rather for XP(a big difference!). So in other words transmeta might provide an api or write a driver to take advantage of crusoe's special features.
Taking 7+ hour plane trips close to two dozen times a year I can say based on empirical studies that effects of alcohol seem intensified at high altitudes. I recall reading somewhere that the thinner air causes you to get drunk easier, or something.. Don't know how the atmospheric pressure or level of oxygen was at mir, though.
The changes of russians dropping mir on one of their friends/allies are just about zero..
Of course the acceleration won't be on the level of X with bitmap/texture storage and offscreen buffers etc.. but it still makes a difference - a huge one compared to the generic vga-fb..
If the server is stupid enough to authenticate based on ip-address(rlogin, etc..) you could then compromise the server..
Man in the middle doesn't have much to do with predicting isn as if you are in the position to intercept all traffic implementing it is fairly trivial with unencrypted connections.. Also if you are capable of intercepting all communications you could easily intercept the isn and thus fake to be someone else..