The original motivation for process shrink was getting more transistors in the same area, and secondarily to reduce power when leakage prevention measures were discovered.
There is not much advantage in going from 14 to 7 as the fabrication costs will be very high. Leakage will be a problem so finfets are required as a starting point.
The big challenges are cost in more precise machines, high energy ultraviolet which is harder to prevent side effects, triple or quad patterning that wastes a lot of area, and higher probabilities of fabrication errors ruining a circuit.
Even for 14, I think most of the cells are not at the density that the change from 28 to 14 would imply, and the copper circuits are oversize.
A lot of people are still making good money at greater than 100 because the masks, fabrication, and output being so cheap. There are a lot of chips that do not require a billion transistors and 2GHz.
I have two pairs of progressive glasses: one for distance and reading (obvious compromise if reading a lot) and another for computer and book distance (no good for away from desk).
Works well, but I find the transition (?) from one pair to another sometimes a bit distracting. If for example I put on the distance ones and immediately get up from the desk.
The best overall solution (optically) was astigmatism corrected contacts (not progressive) and two different strengths of reading glasses, but it was too much hassle putting in the contacts and then putting on and taking off the glasses to read anything.
1950 is not the best starting point. That's like saying things are better now that slavery has ended. The drift since the 2008 crash has been in the wrong direction.
Technical writing is probably the best bet unless you are both very ambitious (to spend many many hours teaching yourself) and lucky (to get past HR).
One problem with technical writing is that, like management, it is usually a one-way street. If someone who is very technical leaves engineering it is almost impossible to get back into doing real engineering because the world moves on.
The exceptions, if you call it that, are that less technical generalists can sometimes thrive in project management or marketing.
The pun subtitle was "Calisthenics and orthodontia" which was dropped fairly soon. So the Dr presumably referred to a dentist (although most denists are not doctors).
There are arts graduates in our technical writing department. It is about the same effort teaching an engineer to write as teaching a writer about engineering. In general SW or high-level HW design have been the best fit and low level integration the hardest.
Pipelining increases performance and instructions per cycle, but at the cost of power efficiency as branches cause a pipeline flush.
The problem is balancing area, performance, and performance.
There are obviously limits the the ability to make smaller circuits, even the ones described as 14nm are not really 14 in the same way 160 was 160. There is a lot of wasted space because of the LELE process and the need to minimise crosstalk and distortion.
The real limit however is not how much better X-ray exposure will shrink the size, but how much it costs to make circuits, 28nm is likely to be the most cost efficient size for some time to come. Many fabs are making chips in larger process sizes for fast turnaround and cheap masks.
Some theories for the end of the universe say that if the expansion of the universe keeps accelerating, eventually the expansion even between subatomic particles will be greater than the speed of light and everything will be ripped apart. This is long long after the skies are black because all objects and space have moved too far away.
This is one of those topics that attracts loonies like flies to honey. Of course in the comments below, each side thinks the other side crazy too much control or too irresponsible.
For me, I think everyone should be vaccinated for common and dangerous diseases. The uncommon ones you can chose to or not (as when traveling). People don't remember polio and smallpox or brain-damage caused by measles.
Then it was not "literally" but "figuratively" and only relative to newer companies was it "very old". Other than that your post was very accurate and literally filled with eels.
'I think that I got the disorder in Mullingar,' I explained. I knew that I had gained his confidence and that the danger of violence was now passed. He then did something which took me by surprise. He pulled up his own ragged trouser and showed me his own left leg. It was smooth, shapely and fairly fat but it was made of wood also.
'That is a funny coincidence,' I said. I now perceived the reason for his sudden change of attitude.
'You are a sweet man,' he responded, 'and I would not lay a finger on your personality. I am the captain of all the one-legged men in the country. I knew them all up to now except one—your own self—and that one is now also my friend into the same bargain. If any man looks at you sideways, I will rip his belly.'
Perhaps the question is whether both ends of the cable is the same. The 3.1 micro B shown in the figure has different ends, the C version is the same at both ends (and of course the plug on each end is reversible).
As also stated by other commenters, none of these are hypothetical. Sure you can deal with it, but it is not an easy life if those things happen regularly.
BTW. I am very happy with what I have accomplished.
And then a question you answered in more detail is marked down because you included content not covered in class, or a question requires the exact quote from the lecture instead of the facts, or your teacher is just wrong about the facts and criticizes you for disagreeing, or you answer all the questions on a test and the rest of the class is given D's because the test is on the curve.
Clean water from hundreds of miles away is contaminated and them it flows into salty ground (see Australia for an example of this.) Some of it evaporates and descends as snow or rain far away from you. A small amount is retained deeper in the ground which would be great for some plants, but not so good for tomatoes or grass.
Water is not destroyed, but you have to pay for more for the next irrigation cycle.
It might as well be destroyed. If this were not true there would not be such a debate on the volume water extraction from rivers and aquifers.
Slashdot Mirror
29W is 14.5V * 2A, which keeps the current in range for the small cables.
Common mistake to just divide the wattage by five.
All finite two-person games are in principle solvable. That is not the same as having a working algorithm that will beat 9P players all the time.
I have seen several very important projects seriously damaged because a new graduate was in charge of a key component without sufficient oversight.
You mean that fat bastard, I hate him! always eating all the figs and reclining. Something not right with that boy I say.
The original motivation for process shrink was getting more transistors in the same area, and secondarily to reduce power when leakage prevention measures were discovered.
There is not much advantage in going from 14 to 7 as the fabrication costs will be very high. Leakage will be a problem so finfets are required as a starting point.
The big challenges are cost in more precise machines, high energy ultraviolet which is harder to prevent side effects, triple or quad patterning that wastes a lot of area, and higher probabilities of fabrication errors ruining a circuit.
Even for 14, I think most of the cells are not at the density that the change from 28 to 14 would imply, and the copper circuits are oversize.
A lot of people are still making good money at greater than 100 because the masks, fabrication, and output being so cheap. There are a lot of chips that do not require a billion transistors and 2GHz.
I have two pairs of progressive glasses: one for distance and reading (obvious compromise if reading a lot) and another for computer and book distance (no good for away from desk).
Works well, but I find the transition (?) from one pair to another sometimes a bit distracting. If for example I put on the distance ones and immediately get up from the desk.
The best overall solution (optically) was astigmatism corrected contacts (not progressive) and two different strengths of reading glasses, but it was too much hassle putting in the contacts and then putting on and taking off the glasses to read anything.
1950 is not the best starting point. That's like saying things are better now that slavery has ended. The drift since the 2008 crash has been in the wrong direction.
Technical writing is probably the best bet unless you are both very ambitious (to spend many many hours teaching yourself) and lucky (to get past HR).
One problem with technical writing is that, like management, it is usually a one-way street. If someone who is very technical leaves engineering it is almost impossible to get back into doing real engineering because the world moves on.
The exceptions, if you call it that, are that less technical generalists can sometimes thrive in project management or marketing.
The pun subtitle was "Calisthenics and orthodontia" which was dropped fairly soon. So the Dr presumably referred to a dentist (although most denists are not doctors).
First edition: http://www.amazon.co.uk/Journa...
I thought /. justified music piracy because the marginal cost was zero and people who really cared about music would do it anyway.
What is the equivalent of music concerts as a revenue source for coders?
There are some things rats will not do.
There are arts graduates in our technical writing department. It is about the same effort teaching an engineer to write as teaching a writer about engineering. In general SW or high-level HW design have been the best fit and low level integration the hardest.
Pipelining increases performance and instructions per cycle, but at the cost of power efficiency as branches cause a pipeline flush.
The problem is balancing area, performance, and performance.
There are obviously limits the the ability to make smaller circuits, even the ones described as 14nm are not really 14 in the same way 160 was 160. There is a lot of wasted space because of the LELE process and the need to minimise crosstalk and distortion.
The real limit however is not how much better X-ray exposure will shrink the size, but how much it costs to make circuits, 28nm is likely to be the most cost efficient size for some time to come. Many fabs are making chips in larger process sizes for fast turnaround and cheap masks.
But as it can be synthesised, that refutes the argument that "if we destroyed it, it would be gone forever"
Some theories for the end of the universe say that if the expansion of the universe keeps accelerating, eventually the expansion even between subatomic particles will be greater than the speed of light and everything will be ripped apart. This is long long after the skies are black because all objects and space have moved too far away.
The time for light might be zero in its own frame of reference, but of course no object with rest mass could ever reach the speed of light.
This is one of those topics that attracts loonies like flies to honey. Of course in the comments below, each side thinks the other side crazy too much control or too irresponsible.
For me, I think everyone should be vaccinated for common and dangerous diseases. The uncommon ones you can chose to or not (as when traveling). People don't remember polio and smallpox or brain-damage caused by measles.
There is too long, didn't read, and there is too long without paragraph breaks, didn't read.
you are not doing yourself any favors with your lack of formatting. Unless you are adding breaks and /. is removing them.
If using HTML, add
. If plain old text, carriage returns.
Then it was not "literally" but "figuratively" and only relative to newer companies was it "very old". Other than that your post was very accurate and literally filled with eels.
“I would not hurt you, little man,' he said.
'I think that I got the disorder in Mullingar,' I explained. I knew that I had gained his confidence and that the danger of violence was now passed. He then did something which took me by surprise. He pulled up his own ragged trouser and showed me his own left leg. It was smooth, shapely and fairly fat but it was made of wood also.
'That is a funny coincidence,' I said. I now perceived the reason for his sudden change of attitude.
'You are a sweet man,' he responded, 'and I would not lay a finger on your personality. I am the captain of all the one-legged men in the country. I knew them all up to now except one—your own self—and that one is now also my friend into the same bargain. If any man looks at you sideways, I will rip his belly.'
Flann O'Brien, The Third Policeman
Perhaps the question is whether both ends of the cable is the same.
The 3.1 micro B shown in the figure has different ends, the C version is the same at both ends (and of course the plug on each end is reversible).
As also stated by other commenters, none of these are hypothetical.
Sure you can deal with it, but it is not an easy life if those things happen regularly.
BTW. I am very happy with what I have accomplished.
And then a question you answered in more detail is marked down because you included content not covered in class, or a question requires the exact quote from the lecture instead of the facts, or your teacher is just wrong about the facts and criticizes you for disagreeing, or you answer all the questions on a test and the rest of the class is given D's because the test is on the curve.
Clean water from hundreds of miles away is contaminated and them it flows into salty ground (see Australia for an example of this.) Some of it evaporates and descends as snow or rain far away from you. A small amount is retained deeper in the ground which would be great for some plants, but not so good for tomatoes or grass.
Water is not destroyed, but you have to pay for more for the next irrigation cycle.
It might as well be destroyed. If this were not true there would not be such a debate on the volume water extraction from rivers and aquifers.
The pressure inside equals the pressure outside (which is true for us also). They are not hollow glass spheres.
The pressure does change chemistry as reactions are affected by temperature and pressure.