Following the steps outlined by the Grandparent we have:
1 measure the levels of ozone and see a reduction
2 measure the levels of CFC output and see an increase
3 determine through experiments (or simple chemical knowledge) that CFCs reaction with ozone
We can break this down to:
a) CFCs shown to react with ozone (by 3)
b) CFCs increase in atmosphere (by 2)
c) ozone reduces in atmosphere (by 1)
b and c are correlational but a is not. There is no assumption of the hypothesis that CFCs destroy ozone and by recording CFCs in the atmosphere and seeing the drop in ozone we can be pretty confident that CFC production is correlated to ozone levels dropping.
The fact that there is a link means that at worst it is "correlation=causation" and while it may just be a theory and not proven it still can be very well supported.
Ok, so humans were supposed to be different back then how? We still die to lions and snakes and sharks and bears etc. When that happens we don't get a new evolved "power" we just keep going.
The number of people killed by lions/snakes/bears/etc are not too significant, and so won't put as much pressure as say diseases. For diseases however you can see new "powers". If you look at sickle cell anemia you can see that it only really occurs in populations that are exposed to malaria.
Why then and not now?
At that point predation was a major cause of death.
And another thing if we evolved with the thought of survival of the fittest how did we get an appreciation of art music and beautiful scenery?
Well that could be a side effect of a combination of increased information assimilation and curiosity.
The assimilation is needed for advanced processing of visual and cognitive information and curiosity provides pressure to expand/open new resources/find new methods. Both are very important for survival in a human.
Animal don't sit and stare and enjoy only humans.
My parents told me about ravens that would flip upside down while flying, just for the heck of it. To me that sounds very similar to what you are trying to describe: A useless task that enriches our existance.
It's because of the accent. In one language you can hear some number of basic sounds. Say you have 20 overlaping sounds with language b and 20 with language c. Any sounds not over lapping the language and b and c are not used so you have a maximum of twenty sounds.
Debunked could be deyunked with accent c and debuked in accent b. In a conversation between c and b they would hear deyuked. I doubt even a perfect english speaker would be able to recognize some of the words let alone someone who lacks vocabulary and confidence.
The hardware is the stuff you can touch The OS works the hardware The app tells the OS what it needs The user tells the App what it wants
So.. The stove is the stuff you can touch The cook works the stove The waiter tells the cook what it needs and the customer tells the waiter what it wants
I never meant to suggest that you were racist. I may have come across badly. I was pleased that you cited a source, and that I could follow it up. I do not think that you are racist because you, in good faith, cited a source of someone of questionable motive.
The IQ test, (Often the Weschler Adult Intelligence Scale) is a standardized test. When you standardize on a population you reject questions that produce both a low or high score. When applied to a population that is different from the standardized one, some of the questions that they would have performed well may have been rejected.
The best example of how this can be done is to take repeated IQ test. When you do this you will learn how to write these tests, and your score will improve accordingly. You are no longer representative of the standardizing population, and so the validity of the test has been reduced.
It is fairly safe to assume that the military uses tests that are standardized on the population that they are recruiting from. As for the SAT/GRE and all those other tests. They aren't intelligence tests, what they do is predict performance in a particular environment. When you don't perform well on a SAT because you aren't a member of the standardized population, you still will have the same problems when you try and perform in the target environment.
Don't get me wrong I wasn't saying that IQ tests are useless, just that they lose validity across cultures. As for the arbitrary, well intelligence is a bit hard to pin down. As such any definition of IQ has some parts that are arbitrary. What IQ does more than anything is test performance in the western style academic and work place environments. As such it is only an intelligence test as far as those are correlated.
As for the second part of my post. I wasn't trying to be dismissive, I was just interested if you knew of any links.
Finally, for the citations, well sorry but my library access is down so I can't look at any real sources right now, but I did get help from my 1st year psych book. None of the others I checked even mentioned IQ.
You can't compare IQ across populations. IQ is standardized on a population and then only predictive on that population. If the test had of been standardized on African-Americans, Asians would score below 100. Its all down to how good your culture is at answering the IQ questions picked. The source you picked is a bit suspect as at least one of the authors seems to have a racist agenda.
" In 1991 I extended my work on race differences in intelligence to other races. I concluded that the average IQ of blacks in sub-Saharan Africa is approximately 70. It has long been known that the average IQ of blacks in the United States is approximately 85. The explanation for the higher IQ of American blacks is that they have about 25 per cent of Caucasian genes and a better environment." is a quote from R. Lynn's web page, and this is no where near the most blatant.
Now I suspect you didn't go far enough in your research to find this, but just remember that IQ has long been used to justify racial superiority. When ever you see a cross cultural comparison based on IQ please consider the source.
As for the rest of your post, as a psych student I would be very interested to see the correlation between intelligence and obsessive behaviour (of any kind). While it is a stereotype that more intelligent adolescents play video-games, I would need evidence to show that there is any causal relationship.
If you look at the original post in this thread it will give you your answer. Those are the tour stats. If the record companies can't even get people out to a concert how do you think thier sales are going to be?
When you were young going to a concert was a big thing. I don't know where it started to die, but I'm 26 it still seemed strong while I was a teenager. Of course I never cared, so maybe the drop had already started.
Rebrands often have less value then their major brands. If you can find out the major brands you can destroy the years of work and millions of dollars they put into building them into household names.
The problem with CANDU is not that it will have a melt down (the reation will fail after too much heat (not like 3 mile island) or with too little heat). It can use weapons grade plutonuim, but it does produce an interesting substance.
Tritium is found in large quantities in the heavy water. I am not an expert on neuclear weapons but, correct me if I'm wrong, tritium is used in both fission and fussion bombs.
Oh and Canada has also sold reactors to China and quite a few other places.
I can see why the Quebecois (French Candians) are so scared about loosing their language. Every one has to learn English because every one speaks it (reminds me of a certain company's products).
be multilingual and help import the ideas of other cultures be monolingual and most of the world is hidden.
Arcys (English is my first language, but not my last)
The mention of the media not printing contraversial views reminded me of other cases of the US doing stuff like that 1) East Temor (sp?) -worse genocide than Cambodia hidden from US public by American news sources 2) Bombing of Laos in the Vietnam war gained Laos the dubious title of most bombed country in the world 3) The push for monlingualism, Since most of the English world's political views are the same the news tends to edit simmilar stuff out The internet provides access to international news and the more sources the better.
Can you imagine the resentment of the people against the first few. People would kill them for being impure/inhuman. Until geneticly enhanced people could take complete power, it problably would not be a favour for the child. (This does not mean that I support enhancements, but I do genetic support cures.)
Slashdot Mirror
Following the steps outlined by the Grandparent we have:
1 measure the levels of ozone and see a reduction
2 measure the levels of CFC output and see an increase
3 determine through experiments (or simple chemical knowledge) that CFCs reaction with ozone
We can break this down to:
a) CFCs shown to react with ozone (by 3)
b) CFCs increase in atmosphere (by 2)
c) ozone reduces in atmosphere (by 1)
b and c are correlational but a is not. There is no assumption of the hypothesis that CFCs destroy ozone and by recording CFCs in the atmosphere and seeing the drop in ozone we can be pretty confident that CFC production is correlated to ozone levels dropping.
The fact that there is a link means that at worst it is "correlation=causation" and while it may just be a theory and not proven it still can be very well supported.
but average non-gamer joe is not going to see a Wii at walmart and think of it as a must-have.
The average non-gamer Joe is going to see the Wii on the golf channel and think that $250-$350 for a golf simulator is actually pretty good.
The number of people killed by lions/snakes/bears/etc are not too significant, and so won't put as much pressure as say diseases. For diseases however you can see new "powers". If you look at sickle cell anemia you can see that it only really occurs in populations that are exposed to malaria.
Why then and not now?
At that point predation was a major cause of death.
And another thing if we evolved with the thought of survival of the fittest how did we get an appreciation of art music and beautiful scenery?
Well that could be a side effect of a combination of increased information assimilation and curiosity. The assimilation is needed for advanced processing of visual and cognitive information and curiosity provides pressure to expand/open new resources/find new methods. Both are very important for survival in a human.
Animal don't sit and stare and enjoy only humans.
My parents told me about ravens that would flip upside down while flying, just for the heck of it. To me that sounds very similar to what you are trying to describe: A useless task that enriches our existance.
It's because of the accent. In one language you can hear some number of basic sounds. Say you have 20 overlaping sounds with language b and 20 with language c. Any sounds not over lapping the language and b and c are not used so you have a maximum of twenty sounds.
Debunked could be deyunked with accent c and debuked in accent b. In a conversation between c and b they would hear deyuked. I doubt even a perfect english speaker would be able to recognize some of the words let alone someone who lacks vocabulary and confidence.
One more analogy.
The hardware is the stuff you can touch
The OS works the hardware
The app tells the OS what it needs
The user tells the App what it wants
So..
The stove is the stuff you can touch
The cook works the stove
The waiter tells the cook what it needs
and the customer tells the waiter what it wants
and Windows drops cigarette butts in the fries
I never meant to suggest that you were racist. I may have come across badly. I was pleased that you cited a source, and that I could follow it up. I do not think that you are racist because you, in good faith, cited a source of someone of questionable motive.
The IQ test, (Often the Weschler Adult Intelligence Scale) is a standardized test. When you standardize on a population you reject questions that produce both a low or high score. When applied to a population that is different from the standardized one, some of the questions that they would have performed well may have been rejected.
The best example of how this can be done is to take repeated IQ test. When you do this you will learn how to write these tests, and your score will improve accordingly. You are no longer representative of the standardizing population, and so the validity of the test has been reduced.
It is fairly safe to assume that the military uses tests that are standardized on the population that they are recruiting from. As for the SAT/GRE and all those other tests. They aren't intelligence tests, what they do is predict performance in a particular environment. When you don't perform well on a SAT because you aren't a member of the standardized population, you still will have the same problems when you try and perform in the target environment.
Don't get me wrong I wasn't saying that IQ tests are useless, just that they lose validity across cultures. As for the arbitrary, well intelligence is a bit hard to pin down. As such any definition of IQ has some parts that are arbitrary. What IQ does more than anything is test performance in the western style academic and work place environments. As such it is only an intelligence test as far as those are correlated.
As for the second part of my post. I wasn't trying to be dismissive, I was just interested if you knew of any links.
Finally, for the citations, well sorry but my library access is down so I can't look at any real sources right now, but I did get help from my 1st year psych book. None of the others I checked even mentioned IQ.
You can't compare IQ across populations. IQ is standardized on a population and then only predictive on that population. If the test had of been standardized on African-Americans, Asians would score below 100. Its all down to how good your culture is at answering the IQ questions picked. The source you picked is a bit suspect as at least one of the authors seems to have a racist agenda.
" In 1991 I extended my work on race differences in intelligence to other races. I concluded that the average IQ of blacks in sub-Saharan Africa is approximately 70. It has long been known that the average IQ of blacks in the United States is approximately 85. The explanation for the higher IQ of American blacks is that they have about 25 per cent of Caucasian genes and a better environment." is a quote from R. Lynn's web page, and this is no where near the most blatant.
Now I suspect you didn't go far enough in your research to find this, but just remember that IQ has long been used to justify racial superiority. When ever you see a cross cultural comparison based on IQ please consider the source.
As for the rest of your post, as a psych student I would be very interested to see the correlation between intelligence and obsessive behaviour (of any kind). While it is a stereotype that more intelligent adolescents play video-games, I would need evidence to show that there is any causal relationship.
If you look at the original post in this thread it will give you your answer. Those are the tour stats. If the record companies can't even get people out to a concert how do you think thier sales are going to be?
When you were young going to a concert was a big thing. I don't know where it started to die, but I'm 26 it still seemed strong while I was a teenager. Of course I never cared, so maybe the drop had already started.
Rebrands often have less value then their major brands. If you can find out the major brands you can destroy the years of work and millions of dollars they put into building them into household names.
I wonder how ms, mac and winamp feel about this anti-competitive behaviour against music players?
No offence intended but that definition of an algorithm (as a process) is useless because the process changes when you add the smallest thing.
//do patented stuff
// make a different process
// do more patented stuff
do_patented_thing()
{
blah
if (FALSE) {}
}
different process, since the original never checked if false was true, and one of the main reasons recipies are not patentable.
The problem with CANDU is not that it will have a melt down (the reation will fail after too much heat (not like 3 mile island) or with too little heat). It can use weapons grade plutonuim, but it does produce an interesting substance.
Tritium is found in large quantities in the heavy water. I am not an expert on neuclear weapons but, correct me if I'm wrong, tritium is used in both fission and fussion bombs.
Oh and Canada has also sold reactors to China and quite a few other places.
but this time its the language.
I can see why the Quebecois (French Candians) are so scared about loosing their language. Every one has to learn English because every one speaks it (reminds me of a certain company's products).
be multilingual and help import the ideas of other cultures
be monolingual and most of the world is hidden.
Arcys (English is my first language, but not my last)
The mention of the media not printing contraversial views reminded me of other cases of the US doing stuff like that 1) East Temor (sp?) -worse genocide than Cambodia hidden from US public by American news sources 2) Bombing of Laos in the Vietnam war gained Laos the dubious title of most bombed country in the world 3) The push for monlingualism, Since most of the English world's political views are the same the news tends to edit simmilar stuff out The internet provides access to international news and the more sources the better.
Can you imagine the resentment of the people against the first few. People would kill them for being impure/inhuman. Until geneticly enhanced people could take complete power, it problably would not be a favour for the child. (This does not mean that I support enhancements, but I do genetic support cures.)