There are places where people live with background radiation levles that would make any nuclear physicist run for the hills.
No they wouldn't. Even the highest "background" levels are only high compared to "normal" levels, but still a long way below what is considered safe levels. A nuclear physicist knows what the safe levels are almost by definition.
What the hell are you talking about? CANDU is a thermal reactor (slow neutron spectrum) with very high neutron economy. It is *not* a breeder and hence will burn more Pu than it produces. For breading you need a fast neutron spectrum, otherwise you end burning your Pu faster than you bread it because the fission cross section is much higher than 238U capture cross section with a thermal neutron spectrum.
The current crop are all old and past their best before dates by a long shot. They are not "modern" and the designs are even older. Any sane lets go nuclear option will start with shutting down what we currently have running, or at least a lot of it. Even some of the public record stuff from IAEA would shock you. Well it should.
I am a proponent of new nuclear. What we have is anything but new.
Modern or new Nuclear can load follow as much and as fast as you like (aka *not* PWR or BWR that suck on every metric). Just because 40 year old designs couldn't does not mean they can't.
GPS is not to the nanosecond. Even from your link. 2ns is 1 sigma. The chip rate for GPS is really slow, what GPS gives you over normal local TCXO is *absolute* time, ie lower long term drift, and by long term i mean mins to hours (TCXO are very good over mins, drift is a problem over hours and days). Claiming there is a way to use GPS and make a network depended on it is not the same as it is, and that its the easiest way, or even sane. From your link its adding time stamps to packets, not using it for network timing. That makes some sense (security apps do need a *secure* absolute time reference, but to the ns). Even with the old 2Meg circuits that where TDM, the "clocking" is still done on the line itself, not some absolute external clock. Since absolute time is totally irrelevant. The faster you go the more important it is to be locally synced.
Getting GPS to have a ns absolute clock accurate timer is really hard. See the recent deal with faster than light neutrinos. Note that Ionospheric effects with dither GPS more than ns as well. So at the very least you going to need military grade GPS for at least first order ionosphere corrections. Hell normal coaxial gets all sorts of errors bigger than that and change over time. In 1 ns light travels just 30cm. I don't recall the deal with fiber, but a small temp change will definitely be changing delays on the order of ns over km of fiber. So now even corrected ionosphere GPS is still drifting differently in different locations and the cables/fibers have different drift as well. So what was gained?
None of this adds up. From my own time in the field to the people i know in the field to just 101 electronics digital electronics TX. It just does not make sense. Also lets not forget the OP said internet. Not just some fringe protocol on dedicated lines. There is no direct reference other than a news paper. Note I have full access to IEEE publications and i only really get anything with cellular stuff. Not internet stuff (packet switched networking).
Banks, cellular network operators and airports are a few examples of
the businesses that rely on accurate GPS timing for a variety of
applications. Accurate GPS timing provides a fundamental building
block needed to coordinate data and information flow securely through
various systems, on a daily basis. By tagging data packets with a
time and date stamp, it's transmission time and hence integrity can be
monitored.
In other words its a high layer thing not a transport layer issue at all. That is, it is not needed to keep a network ticking over(aka internet). But only specific applications that are in all probability *not* running over TCP/IP. Since if it was the micro and milliseconds of delay and jitter with packet delivery would render any such high accuracy time stamp irrelevant. It is also a module, aka not needed for basic operations judging from the text.
There is really no reason to require a absolute time base for network transport, and with modern packet ques nothing is getting sent anywhere that accurately anyway. As for digital transceivers, it would be a disadvantage to not self time to the signal itself. Talking to my friend working for a big ISP laughed at the idea no GPS would mean no Internet. None of their equipment uses it and though they are not the biggest ISP, they still have well over 5 million customers.
After looking up the first 2 I can find no references at all to a GPS signal reception requirement. Considering some of these things will be installed in locations that a external GPS antenna would required. You'd think it would be mentioned, somewhere. I will ask a few workmates who still work on this sort of thing for more details. I am however very skeptical. There is just no *need* or *advantage* to using a absolute time base of GPS over lower drift local time base. About the only thing I can think of for such a requirement is for billing, which hardly needed much accuracy.
Having worked in telecoms before and respective fiber networks and associated equipment and with a lot of friends still working in with ISP etc, I am not convinced. They need good local clocks with low drift *just like a gps receiver needs* not absolute clocks (in fact the requirement is far less that local clocks required for GPS). So GPS adds nothing that a PLL + TCXO doesn't give you except better *absolute* time base which is completely unnecessary. I'm with the original citation required. And no, a few news paper articles that say everything more advanced than a wrist watch is going to stop working is just not credible.
You can in fact buy military grade GPS receivers with the appropriate license. For example commercial airlines avionic companies. All in all the US military has been very open with civilian use of GPS.
If you can launch a satellite to the orbit you can launch an anti-satellite to the orbit. Its not like the satellites designed for long life are all that maneuverable while an anti-satellite has life much easier.
Its called Selective Availability. The time signals are deliberately dithered (random errors). Does not work against DGPS however unless they turn the signal off completely.
I assumed people would get the Joke. Apparently not. The blog is well respected in Astronomy circles and he publishes peer review papers in the field. He is in fact a good Astronomer.
I assume parent knows this... hence the quip about fresh wine.
It is well known that a lot of what you are is *not* genetic. For example even this study showed that happiness is 60% not heritable. Your genes don't code for all the connections in your brain for example, there is simply not enough genetic material for that. More plain examples are iris patterns and fingerprints. But the list goes on. General Health, exercise and eating habits matter for a lot of things like happiness.
The problem with its all genetics is that you are required to ignore a lot of data that just as many traits are not from your genes.
How is that bad. They did also come up with it, they did also invest in R&D, they also "discovered" the secret sauce. Why should they be denied the use of it because someone else did all that and just added a lawyer?
Slashdot Mirror
There are places where people live with background radiation levles that would make any nuclear physicist run for the hills.
No they wouldn't. Even the highest "background" levels are only high compared to "normal" levels, but still a long way below what is considered safe levels. A nuclear physicist knows what the safe levels are almost by definition.
Of course Uranium is at a lesser concentration (about 2%)..
Its typically much less than that. About 100ppm is considered economic. Or 0.01%.
What the hell are you talking about? CANDU is a thermal reactor (slow neutron spectrum) with very high neutron economy. It is *not* a breeder and hence will burn more Pu than it produces. For breading you need a fast neutron spectrum, otherwise you end burning your Pu faster than you bread it because the fission cross section is much higher than 238U capture cross section with a thermal neutron spectrum.
The current crop are all old and past their best before dates by a long shot. They are not "modern" and the designs are even older. Any sane lets go nuclear option will start with shutting down what we currently have running, or at least a lot of it. Even some of the public record stuff from IAEA would shock you. Well it should.
I am a proponent of new nuclear. What we have is anything but new.
Modern or new Nuclear can load follow as much and as fast as you like (aka *not* PWR or BWR that suck on every metric). Just because 40 year old designs couldn't does not mean they can't.
GPS is not to the nanosecond. Even from your link. 2ns is 1 sigma. The chip rate for GPS is really slow, what GPS gives you over normal local TCXO is *absolute* time, ie lower long term drift, and by long term i mean mins to hours (TCXO are very good over mins, drift is a problem over hours and days). Claiming there is a way to use GPS and make a network depended on it is not the same as it is, and that its the easiest way, or even sane. From your link its adding time stamps to packets, not using it for network timing. That makes some sense (security apps do need a *secure* absolute time reference, but to the ns). Even with the old 2Meg circuits that where TDM, the "clocking" is still done on the line itself, not some absolute external clock. Since absolute time is totally irrelevant. The faster you go the more important it is to be locally synced.
Getting GPS to have a ns absolute clock accurate timer is really hard. See the recent deal with faster than light neutrinos. Note that Ionospheric effects with dither GPS more than ns as well. So at the very least you going to need military grade GPS for at least first order ionosphere corrections. Hell normal coaxial gets all sorts of errors bigger than that and change over time. In 1 ns light travels just 30cm. I don't recall the deal with fiber, but a small temp change will definitely be changing delays on the order of ns over km of fiber. So now even corrected ionosphere GPS is still drifting differently in different locations and the cables/fibers have different drift as well. So what was gained?
None of this adds up. From my own time in the field to the people i know in the field to just 101 electronics digital electronics TX. It just does not make sense. Also lets not forget the OP said internet. Not just some fringe protocol on dedicated lines. There is no direct reference other than a news paper. Note I have full access to IEEE publications and i only really get anything with cellular stuff. Not internet stuff (packet switched networking).
I remain very skeptical.
Look around you fool.
I heard that in a Mr T. voice.
Yea, ask anyone exercising their right to political freedom in the 60s that they like idea of communism or socialism. Good luck with that.
14 is a teenager, not a child. Once upon a time, 14 year old's had full time jobs and got married.
Banks, cellular network operators and airports are a few examples of the businesses that rely on accurate GPS timing for a variety of applications. Accurate GPS timing provides a fundamental building block needed to coordinate data and information flow securely through various systems, on a daily basis. By tagging data packets with a time and date stamp, it's transmission time and hence integrity can be monitored.
In other words its a high layer thing not a transport layer issue at all. That is, it is not needed to keep a network ticking over(aka internet). But only specific applications that are in all probability *not* running over TCP/IP. Since if it was the micro and milliseconds of delay and jitter with packet delivery would render any such high accuracy time stamp irrelevant. It is also a module, aka not needed for basic operations judging from the text.
There is really no reason to require a absolute time base for network transport, and with modern packet ques nothing is getting sent anywhere that accurately anyway. As for digital transceivers, it would be a disadvantage to not self time to the signal itself. Talking to my friend working for a big ISP laughed at the idea no GPS would mean no Internet. None of their equipment uses it and though they are not the biggest ISP, they still have well over 5 million customers.
After looking up the first 2 I can find no references at all to a GPS signal reception requirement. Considering some of these things will be installed in locations that a external GPS antenna would required. You'd think it would be mentioned, somewhere. I will ask a few workmates who still work on this sort of thing for more details. I am however very skeptical. There is just no *need* or *advantage* to using a absolute time base of GPS over lower drift local time base. About the only thing I can think of for such a requirement is for billing, which hardly needed much accuracy.
Having worked in telecoms before and respective fiber networks and associated equipment and with a lot of friends still working in with ISP etc, I am not convinced. They need good local clocks with low drift *just like a gps receiver needs* not absolute clocks (in fact the requirement is far less that local clocks required for GPS). So GPS adds nothing that a PLL + TCXO doesn't give you except better *absolute* time base which is completely unnecessary. I'm with the original citation required. And no, a few news paper articles that say everything more advanced than a wrist watch is going to stop working is just not credible.
You can in fact buy military grade GPS receivers with the appropriate license. For example commercial airlines avionic companies. All in all the US military has been very open with civilian use of GPS.
You can do similar things with Gallileo.
If you can launch a satellite to the orbit you can launch an anti-satellite to the orbit. Its not like the satellites designed for long life are all that maneuverable while an anti-satellite has life much easier.
Its called Selective Availability. The time signals are deliberately dithered (random errors). Does not work against DGPS however unless they turn the signal off completely.
I assumed people would get the Joke. Apparently not. The blog is well respected in Astronomy circles and he publishes peer review papers in the field. He is in fact a good Astronomer.
I assume parent knows this... hence the quip about fresh wine.
In Astronomy circles its a pretty famous blog and well respected. The guy publishes peer reviewed papers in the field.
It is well known that a lot of what you are is *not* genetic. For example even this study showed that happiness is 60% not heritable. Your genes don't code for all the connections in your brain for example, there is simply not enough genetic material for that. More plain examples are iris patterns and fingerprints. But the list goes on. General Health, exercise and eating habits matter for a lot of things like happiness.
The problem with its all genetics is that you are required to ignore a lot of data that just as many traits are not from your genes.
citation required.
Military grade GPS is quite a bit harder to jam.
Citation Required. Especially for the traffic lights claim.
The U2 spyplane used star trackers for navigation.
you GPS is down cus you have no electricity and batteries.
How is that bad. They did also come up with it, they did also invest in R&D, they also "discovered" the secret sauce. Why should they be denied the use of it because someone else did all that and just added a lawyer?