Domain: austinlinks.com
Stories and comments across the archive that link to austinlinks.com.
Comments · 15
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Re:Thank you
It's their job to watch for threats both foreign and domestic.
Hold up. One second. The NSA was tasked with foreign COMINT. Now you can argue that they meant to include foreign threats on domestic soil, but you've got an uphill battle to suggest that it requires surveillance of American citizens on American soil.
The COMINT mission of the National Security Agency (NSA) shall be to provide an effective, unified organization and control of the communications intelligence activities of the United States conducted against foreign governments, to provide for integrated operational policies and procedures pertaining thereto.
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Re:NSA CharterFrom the original NSA charter, section 2.2:
The COMINT mission of the National Security Agency (NSA) shall be to provide an effective, unified organization and control of the communications intelligence activities of the United States conducted against foreign governments, to provide for integrated operational policies and procedures pertaining thereto.
If you read the whole thing (I skimmed quickly, and I'm pretty sure I came up empty), you will find that it does not expand responsibilities beyond this (the rest of it deals with organization of the NSA). At inception, the responsibilities pertained exclusively to foreign governments; they didn't even pertain to foreign civilian communication. I worked for the NSA for a short period; the rules drilled into us were a bit more lax as far as purely foreign surveillance went, but listening in on communications by U.S. citizens was a strict no-no.
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Transistor Packet Radio
Nonillion said:
"however some people still balk at this as 'science fiction'. I can assure you it's not. It's this kind of thing that should be waking up manufactures to the perils of shitty RFI design. Spewing broad band spectrum pollution not only causes radio interference, but also opens you to security problems."
Amen, Brother.
And when it "science fictions" across your purview - if you catch it, it becomes pretty real.
Because these techniques aren't at your favorite |-|ol3 'r US exploit sites. (Why do you think they call them elite?)
These guys "get it" -
"The Air Force [US] now dominates both air and space above a theater of operations, so it has "cross-domain dominance" there. But the Air Force must gain dominance in cyberspace as well, because cyberspace superiority is now a prerequisite to effective operations in all other warfighting domains."
The "electromagnetic spectrum" is pliable, a Faraday cage is your only refuge.
Attacks involve using RF in ways not usually used; for data over RF or VHF etc. - Packet radio, "radio modem".
It IS rocket science.
It appears they understand that.
This is Key:
"According to Dr. Kass, cyberspace is neither a mission nor an operation. Instead, cyberspace is a strategic, operational and tactical warfighting domain -- a place in which the Air Force or other services can fight.
"The domain is defined by the electromagnetic spectrum," Dr. Kass said. "It's a domain just like air, space, land and sea. It is a domain in and through which we deliver effects -- fly and fight, attack and defend -- and conduct operations to obtain our national interests."
The cyber domain includes all the places an electron travels. The electron, which is part of the atom, can travel from one atom to the next. This concept is key to electronic communication and energy transmission.
An electron may travel from a cell phone to a cell tower, for instance. The path the electron takes, the shape of its path, the speed it travels, and the direction it travels are all critical to ensuring the cell phone works and that a usable signal is received. As part of a signal, an electron can travel from a handheld computer to a reception tower, over a wire to a telephone, to a television through an antenna, from a radio transmitter to radio, and from computer to computer as part of a network.
The electron can also travel, as part of energy transmission, from a microwave oven to popcorn seeds to make them pop, from generators over a wire to a light bulb, and from an X-ray machine through bone to a detection plate to make an image for a doctor to review.
The places where the electron travels is the cyber domain, or cyberspace. And the ability to deliver a full range of cyber effects -- to detect, deter, deceive, disrupt, defend, deny, and defeat any signal or electron transmission -- is the essence of fighting in cyberspace."
http://www.iwar.org.uk/news-archive/2006/10-05.htm
Faraday Cage:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faraday_cage
FCC ID, FCC level B emissions
http://www.austinlinks.com/Crypto/tempest.html
Your phone company or telephone manufacturer may be able to supply you with free modular filters, although the design frequencies of these filters may not be high enough to be effective through much of the EMI spectrum of interest. Keep telephone lines away from power supplies of computers or peripherals and the rear of CRTs: the magnetic field often associated with those device can inductively transfer to unshielded lines just as if the telephone line were directly electrically connected to them. Since this kind of coupling decreases rapidly with distance, this kind of magnetic induction can be virtually eliminated by keeping as much distance (several feet or more) as possible betwe -
A lot of this is available now
4. The first time that a single query will bring a gallery of
results equivalent to running multiple queries about the
meaningful variations of the same topic.
5. The first time a search engine will let users evaluate answers
on the spot by displaying uninterrupted and coherent text
snippets, often letting searchers forgo having to click through
to links and saving time.
Both of these have been available for a couple of years: e.g. searching on the single query "semantic web" using CQ web, reveals clusters such as these:
fuzzy sets
fuzzy systems
neural networks
set theory
soft computing
aritifical intelligence
control systems
expert systems
And each one of which is linked to a specific page of results using sentences instead of snippets, e.g. for artificial intelligence:
1. This paper will present the foundations of fuzzy systems...noteworthy objections to its use with examples drawn from current research in the field of artificial intelligence.
Fuzzy Systems - A Tutorial
2. The most obvious implementation for the fuzzy logic is the field of artificial intelligence.
Fuzzy Logic
3. Ultimately it will be demonstrated...fuzzy systems makes a viable addition to the field of artificial intelligence and perhaps more generally to formal mathematics.
Fuzzy Systems - A Tutorial
4. The paper gives examples of the fuzzy logic applications with emphasis on the field of artificial intelligence.
Fuzzy Logic
5. A collection of articles and other technical resources for artificial intelligence.
PC AI - Fuzzy Logic -
A lot of this is available now
4. The first time that a single query will bring a gallery of
results equivalent to running multiple queries about the
meaningful variations of the same topic.
5. The first time a search engine will let users evaluate answers
on the spot by displaying uninterrupted and coherent text
snippets, often letting searchers forgo having to click through
to links and saving time.
Both of these have been available for a couple of years: e.g. searching on the single query "semantic web" using CQ web, reveals clusters such as these:
fuzzy sets
fuzzy systems
neural networks
set theory
soft computing
aritifical intelligence
control systems
expert systems
And each one of which is linked to a specific page of results using sentences instead of snippets, e.g. for artificial intelligence:
1. This paper will present the foundations of fuzzy systems...noteworthy objections to its use with examples drawn from current research in the field of artificial intelligence.
Fuzzy Systems - A Tutorial
2. The most obvious implementation for the fuzzy logic is the field of artificial intelligence.
Fuzzy Logic
3. Ultimately it will be demonstrated...fuzzy systems makes a viable addition to the field of artificial intelligence and perhaps more generally to formal mathematics.
Fuzzy Systems - A Tutorial
4. The paper gives examples of the fuzzy logic applications with emphasis on the field of artificial intelligence.
Fuzzy Logic
5. A collection of articles and other technical resources for artificial intelligence.
PC AI - Fuzzy Logic -
Straight Forward Evaluation
Poker seems to be a much more useful game for this research than chess.
This shouldn't be a surprise. Poker has the advantage of always being able to simply evaluate your chip count. Chess doesn't. You can't enumerate chess games through the entire gamespace so the initial opening moves are based on libraries or heuristics. In response to the machine not knowing all aspects of the "game space," I thought that there were a lot of developments in the field that allowed these to be accounted for. What ever happened to good old Trial and Error or Fuzzy Systems? Aren't these viable strategies when playing poker?
What confuses me is how the poker openings differ. I would speculate that a program would be some heuristic relating the ratio of bluffing to "playing the odds." I have gambling friends that play poker all the time and they have these rules that they follow when they play initially against people. They say it's the best until you "know" the people you're playing. Once you can read them then you deviate from the rules. The real irony is that the most successful people I know adhere to a system until they learn someone's movements. Sounds to me like I would write an application that specializes in playing the odds until it recognizes a historical action that statistically reveals the player is bluffing/not bluffing.
Simply put, unless you knew someone's reputation as being a bluffer, you would play the opening hand always the same way. Aren't we forced to program the "AI" of the poker software as being this simple heuristic? Will programs ever be able to "read" players intelligently or will they rely on Markov models & statistics they develop from playing against the same human over and over?
Most unfortunate is the fact that the primary reason my friends gamble is they don't experience the same kind of rush while playing other games as they do with poker because it's more social than other games. If we program applications to beat humans, where does the "social aspect" of the game go?
Even more interesting is the network of poker bots that are set up and running some of the web sites that host poker players. Imagine sitting down at a table of five with four of the other seats taken. Now imagine that these aren't humans but instead bots on four different IP addresses that are sharing card information over an IP connection so that they can leverage odds over you and stop themselves from making stupid mistakes (i.e. they share a card on the table for a pair but really need three of a kind to pose a threat). There's a reason why the percentages fluctuate on TV when cards are revealed whether they be in the flop or in another player's hand. -
Lost in the chatter....The pen register data (originating number, destination number) is probably not protectable, at least not by the Fourth Amendment because you have little (if any) expectation of privacy in this information (according to the courts). If things like drawing blood and taking fingerprints are considered "non testimonial" and therfore not technically a Fourth Amendment "search" then neither is this data, most likely, anyhow. The same is probably true for the duration of the call.
Here is the kicker though, are you ready?
This is the NSA doing this.
Why is this important?
Well, in 1952, the NSA was formed to spy on foreign governments.
From the NSA's original charter: "The COMINT mission of the National Security Agency (NSA) shall be to provide an effective, unified organization and control of the communications intelligence activities of the United States conducted against foreign governments, to provide for integrated operational policies and procedures pertaining thereto. As used in this directive, the terms "communications intelligence" or "COMINT" shall be construed to mean all procedures and methods used in the interception of communications other than foreign press and propaganda broadcasts and the obtaining of information from such communications by other than intended recipients, but shall exclude censorship and the production and dissemination of finished intelligence." (emphasis added).
Domestic surveillance, on U.S. soil of U.S. citizens is new territory for the spooks. Do Constitutaionl rules apply? Who knows. You could be picked up based on NSA-gathered info and end up in Gitmo or worse, and no one would ever know. THAT's the real story and begs the obvious question, why not leave this to the FBI? Probably because such a program would be subject to, oh, I dont know... due process of law.
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Re:hmm-clues are needed; time to get out the Clue
I recognize the importance; however, let's take a step back. The SCOPE and MISSION of the NSA/CSS does not violate Constitution. Keep in mind that both the SCOPE and MISSION of the NSA/CSS was not a directive from this administration. That NSA/CSS has been around for a long time (1952).
http://www.austinlinks.com/Crypto/charter.html a good read.
"The COMINT mission of the National Security Agency (NSA) shall be to provide an effective, unified organization and control of the communications intelligence activities of the United States conducted against foreign governments, to provide for integrated operational policies and procedures pertaining thereto. As used in this directive, the terms "communications intelligence" or "COMINT" shall be construed to mean all procedures and methods used in the interception of communications other than foreign press and propaganda broadcasts and the obtaining of information from such communications by other than intended recipients, but shall exclude censorship and the production and dissemination of finished intelligence." -
Re:Boy...
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Re:Boy...> It's too obscure for me.
:)
>What's it relating to?To bump up the obscurity factor another notch:
He could tell you, but the Scientologists would have to kill you.
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Technological breakthrough, notSo this guy gets headlines (and
/. coverage) for determining that RF doesn't get through sheets of conductive material very well? You know, I think there's a bit of prior art on this. I used to work in a TEMPEST-rated lab; I watched a guard's walkie-talkie cut off in mid sentence as he walked in, and that was with the door still swinging shut behind him.Similarly, sheets or mesh screens of conductive material are routinely used to block unwanted RF interference generated by devices like computers and televisions which would otherwise create a great deal of "leakage".
So I ask again: What's new here? Why is this guy getting attention? I think any electrical engineer could figure out how to wrap a Faraday cage around a theater; the question is whether theater owners want to do it.
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ack, more press mangling of computer termsDid anyone else notice the article's definition of "TEMPEST", which appeared in the article that read:
"There is even a system called TEMPEST that detects electromagnetic emanations from a computer monitor." ?
Really ?! And here I thought it was a code word, perhaps even an acronymn, that that identifies a classified set of standards and endorsements for LIMITING electromagnetic emissions radiated from electronic equipment.
So for all you confused members of the press:
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TEMPEST in a TeaPotI'm glad that the system worked, that is, a judge was wise enough to tell the FBI to play by the rules. Still, it concerns me that the same Government that has to monitor itself restricts technologies designed to prevent such privacy intrusions asserting that they fall under the licensing jurisdiction of the Department of State, Category XI (C), Title 22 of Federal Regulations, Section 121.
Still, I'm a bit bemused by the fact a mobster was smart enough to use PGP. I can only imagine what a savvy cartoonist would do with the Mafia's idea of TEMPTEST hardware !
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More Tempest Info...
For those of you that care, here is the real link:
http://cryptome.org/nacsim-5000.htm
also, here is a really neat site with an analysis on what this stuff really means:
http://eskimo.com/~joelm/tempest.html
and yet more great reading:
http://www.austinlinks.com/Crypto/tempest.html
http://www.thecodex.com/c_tempest.html
http://www.spyking.com/datascan.html -
Re:Most disturbing thing I've read all day
You can even vote for your favorite "kid model" site! I swear, this is just some kind of crypto-anarchist pedophile ring site or something... ick ick ick...)
Hey, since when have anarchism and pedophilia gone together? Anarchism is about class struggle, pedophilia is a deviant sexual behaviour. Totally unrelated...
So you can't have a pedophile who is also an anarchist? (Or crypto-anarchist, which is not the same thing...)
Educate yourself before you create crazy terms like that.
I created this term? Interesting; you should Timothy C. May (the guy who wrote this manifesto) that I made him up...
Why don't you educate yourself?
Jay (=