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An AC sends "BLiND is a brand new encryption algorithm which is fast, and very easy to implement. Check it out at freshmeat. This is... well... good for a laugh at least." Unfortunately you'll have to download the source and take a look at enc.c to get the joke. I think Lotus uses this level of encryption in some of their products...

Michael Rothwell (the author of Foocat) wrote in to tell us that our friends at Digital Convergence are not giving up on their quest to defend their 3rd grader calibre "encryption" of their "intellectual property". Since they've changed their EULA, and mass mailed California, they have no excuse (the old EULA has no restrictions on reverse engineering the hardware, and mass mailing in California makes it irrelevant anyway). Anyway, you can read DC's response (a misnomer since they don't actually answer any of the questions). The site has other fun tidbits like reports of DC visits, and linkage to all sorts of good info about how to remove the serial number from the CueCat, and what DC is planning on doing with your info (besides giving it to crackers).

malahoo asks: "I've recently registered my own domain name for personal fun and education, and am trying to find interesting things to do with it and my Linux box. High on this list is setting up a Web-based e-mail site, like YahooMail or Hotmail, for my family and friends to use. What open source projects out there would be suitable for this? On freshmeat, I've found such projects as WebMail, PHPWebMail, acmemail, etc. But I haven't found a way to evaluate these programs based on features, stability, security, and other factors. Have any of my fellow members of the Slashdot community set up a Web mail site? What tools did you use, how did you decide on these tools, and what is your experience & reccomendations for someone following the same path?"

malahoo asks: "I've recently registered my own domain name for personal fun and education, and am trying to find interesting things to do with it and my Linux box. High on this list is setting up a Web-based e-mail site, like YahooMail or Hotmail, for my family and friends to use. What open source projects out there would be suitable for this? On freshmeat, I've found such projects as WebMail, PHPWebMail, acmemail, etc. But I haven't found a way to evaluate these programs based on features, stability, security, and other factors. Have any of my fellow members of the Slashdot community set up a Web mail site? What tools did you use, how did you decide on these tools, and what is your experience & reccomendations for someone following the same path?"

tagish asks: "I'm sitting here preparing some Java source to release under the GPL and wondering how best to tell people about what I'm doing. It seems to me that there's a compelling need for a simple, extensible standard for software metadata -- an agreed way of describing any piece of code, what it does, who made it, what license(s) it's available under, what platforms it supports, what it is compatible with and so on. The first question then is: does such a standard exist? And if it does why is it not more popular?"

"It's one thing to make this stuff available, but if people can't find it I'm wasting my time. Of course there are places I can go to publicise what I've done (Freshmeat, Jars, Gamelan, and Servletcentral in this case) and those services perform a valuable function, but in practice it is still quite hard for someone to find some code in language X that performs function Y in a way that complies with constraint Z. There's no search engine that finds reusable code based on variable criteria and, given the number of incompatible ways source code can be packaged, described and distributed, little prospect of anyone building one.

Right now, when I release this code, if I want people to find it I have to:

• write a description of it
• set up a home page for it
• register that page with numerous search engines possibly using the description I wrote
• visit the appropriate repository and announcement sites making submissions at each
• find out whether there's an appropriate usenet group and post to it

Assuming that such a standard doesn't exist does anyone want to get together with me and devise one. I'm thinking of something (human) language independent, simple, capable of encompassing all types of code, amenable to automatic processing. What about it?"

As much as I agree that something like that should exist, I believe that if you feel strongly about your code, then a home page is a must for your project (as well as writing descriptions about your project and registering it with search engines). A metadata standard would be a big help in this respect, but it's not going to be a replacement for going out there and spreading the word yourself as best you can.

With that said, what current data formats could be extended to serve as such a metadata standard, and if none of them are completely sufficient to handle this type of application, what would such a format need to be robust and flexible enough to serve this purpose.

Floris pointed us to an excellent article over at Freshmeat discussing the problems with RPM. It compares RPM to the other alternatives (mainly Debian's apt system) and discusses where the problems are. It's not a distribution war thing, this is a serious problem that needs discussing. Read the story and chime in.

Eric Sun writes "After numerous release candidates and betas, the final stable release version of Bind 9 has been released. Looks like the homepage hasn't updated yet, but you can get a list of download servers from its page at Freshmeat."

Eric Sun writes "After numerous release candidates and betas, the final stable release version of Bind 9 has been released. Looks like the homepage hasn't updated yet, but you can get a list of download servers from its page at Freshmeat."

calc writes "Linux has now been ported to the Cisco 2500/3000/4000 routers. Click here for more details." This seems like a fairly logical (albeit not so useful hack). I mean, one would assume that cisco's have some wacky hardware in them... but then again, using standard tools to config them seems allright by me. And you could use your router as a web server if you were on crack *grin*. [Update by nik]: Not the first time a free operating system is used like this. For example, routers from Juniper run a modified FreeBSD, while Effnet base many of their products on NetBSD.

aibrahim asks: " I recently found out about W3C Specification for Scalable Vector Graphics from the Adobe SVG site. So I was looking around for programs that would allow me to work with SVG on Linux, or any OSS system for that matter. Adobe plans on making almost their entire product line work with SVG, including Photoshop. Corel has released an SVG Filter. Yet, I couldn't find a single product with a Freshmeat search that mentions SVG. Looking on SourceForge reveals two projects: Gill and Savage. Neither of these projects have posted any files as of 9/2/2000. Are there any free software projects with a usable SVG product? Can anyone comment on when any such project may come to fruition? Lastly, since Adobe is including SVG features in Photoshop has anyone even mentioned it to the GIMP ^[?] develeopers?"

On Aug. 30 several folks who have written Linux drivers and apps relating to the free barcode scanner mentioned here a few days ago were sent cease and desist orders demanding that they stop distributing the code. [updated by timothy 20:00 GMT: Please note that what flyingbuttmonkeys received is not officially a "cease and desist" letter; instead, it merely says that the longer the drivers are available, the "longer damages will accrue," citing "intellectual property rights owned by Digital Convergence." ] The barcode scanner is called a CueCat (with some lame marketroid colons that I'm not using because it irritates me when people name things like that). The code included a device driver written by Pierre-Philippe Coupard and a reader/decrypter written by Michael Rothwell. The code is afaik unavailable, but hopefully folks who downloaded it will have mirrors soon. I asked Michael to describe to me what his decoder did, and a few other questions.

> How complicated is the driver/what does it do?

It isn't terribly complicated. There's two programs that I wrote in the package, and one I did not. All are based on the "libcue" I wrote, also in the package. The deocder algorithm is a simple modified base-64 XOR 67. Jean-Philippe 'JP' Sugarbroad figured it out, and Colin Cross wrote code based on it and made me aware of it. I re-implemented it for the learning experience. The program named "decode" reads in a line of output from the cuecat for stdin or as first argument. CueCat output looks like this:

<ALT-F10>.C3nZC3nZC3nYDhv7D3DWCxnX.cGf2.ENr7C3b3DNbWChPXDxzZDNP6.

decode splits the Cue output into fields separeted buy ".". It ignores the first field and runs the rest through the base64+XOR decoder. This becomes the first line output. Digital Converegence added some additional "encryption" to their Web service; their program takes the output of the cuecat and inverts its case befoe sending it off to http://[server].dcnv.com/CRQ/1..[activation code].04.[cuecat scan].0

[Server] can be a, o, s, t, or u. [activation code] is supposed to be the activation code you get from your registration, but can be simply "ACTIVATIONCODE", which is actually what my spftware puts there. [cuecat scan] is the raw output of the device, minus the ALT-F10, with case inverted. Their servers send back a little blob of text containing several fields, including a suggested URL and description. Libcue parses those out and makes them available to its clients. Here's the scan of an NADA car-guide book:

The output of decode looks like this
DATA 000000001768443202 IB5 978034533392650599

CUE 0345333926
AMAZON 0345333926
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0345333926/104-2159322-9263954
Ringworld Larry Niven
http://images.amazon.com/images/P/0345333926.01.LZZZZZZZ.gif

The gnome panel applet reads in CueCat scans, looks up the :Cue at DCNV servers, and redirects Netscape to the suggested site, if any.

> What does their commercial software do exactly?

The same thing mine does, without the amazon lookup and with some annoying GUI features, like a tabbed CueCat panel.

> How many lines of code?

1258 according to "cat cuecat-applet.c cuecat-applet.h decode.c decode.h libcue.c libcue.h | wc -l"

Michael makes another interesting point in a seperate e-mail

When they sent the letter (Aug. 30), my software did not touch the DCNV servers to look up :Cues. It simply decoded the data, and if an ISBN number was scanned, the panel applet made Netscape go to the Amazon page blindly: http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/[isbn number here].

So it was not the use of DCNV servers they objected to, but the mere decoding of the output of the cuecat. I didn't release the :Cue and Amazon lookup-enabled version until yesterday (Aug. 31), when the FedEx letter arrived by overnight delivery.

Thanks to Michael for taking the time to answer this stuff. It's pretty scary when the stuff that you have can't be poked at without a corporation demanding you stop. Imagine if Ford had said you can't open the hoods of your car a hundred years ago.

Update: 09/01 02:49 PM by CT : Freshmeat has a perl script CueCat Decoder that will also decode the CueCat's output.

Update: 09/01 02:57 PM by CT : Russel Nelson pointed out that Lineo's Driver has also been taken down following a cease and desist from Digital Convergence (CueCat's parent).

tommyd writes: "In the discussion following this editorial at Freshmeat, Matthias Ettrich of KDE fame claims that it's OK for a commercial application to use GPL'd libraries. I've never heard such a claim before. It would certainly make this plea from RMS redundant (not to mention the LGPL), but could spell bad things for GPL'd software generally. What's the Slashdot community's opinion?"

tommyd writes: "In the discussion following this editorial at Freshmeat, Matthias Ettrich of KDE fame claims that it's OK for a commercial application to use GPL'd libraries. I've never heard such a claim before. It would certainly make this plea from RMS redundant (not to mention the LGPL), but could spell bad things for GPL'd software generally. What's the Slashdot community's opinion?"

/dev/trash asks: "I have been debating wiping the windows partiton on my laptop. The only thing that is keeping me from fdisk'ing the whole thing is my Garmin handheld GPS. I've searched on Freshmeat for GPS/X interfaces but most seem to be alpha 1998 projects. Are there any companies, individuals, etc. that are porting the functionality right now?"

David B. Harris writes: "On freshmeat.net Erik Eng of Trolltech responds to various accusations thrown at TrollTech about their QT libraries' licensing problems. Set the flame dial to low when you read this one, he seems sincere."

David B. Harris writes: "On freshmeat.net Erik Eng of Trolltech responds to various accusations thrown at TrollTech about their QT libraries' licensing problems. Set the flame dial to low when you read this one, he seems sincere."

Mozilla's latest milestone, M17, arrived today(ish); early adopters, go thou and download. And while you're waiting, check out this summary of the state of the art of PNG written by Greg Roelofs. PNG is ready for prime time in its Mozilla incarnation (though there are a few outstanding issues). Imminent takeover of the net predicted. Film at 11. Update later by J: OK, so M17 isn't available yet. Mea culpa; Greg and I misread a planning page. Here are Greg's comments/corrections to clear up the matter.

PNG, MNG, JNG and Mozilla M17
26 June 2000
by Greg Roelofs

PNG support in Mozilla has improved greatly over the last few releases ("milestones"), and with each milestone comes a corresponding Slashdot posting and a lot of discussion. Unfortunately, not all of the discussion is entirely accurate, so here's a preemptive posting that attempts to update folks on the status of PNG support in Mozilla and other apps and to clear up some of the more common misconceptions. (This seems to be an annual event...)

Home Page

First of all, the PNG home page got booted off of cdrom.com in early March, and in early May it settled into what should be its absolutely final home:

• http://www.libpng.org/pub/png/
• ftp://ftp.libpng.org/pub/png/

This is currently hosted on freesoftware.com, Walnut Creek CD-ROM's new site for free software (quel surprise!), but if something should ever happen to Walnut Creek, libpng.org will be redirected appropriately. (On a related note, the new zlib URL is http://www.info-zip.org/pub/infozip/zlib/, which is also currently hosted on freesoftware.com.)

PNG Features for the Web

Insofar as this is ostensibly a Mozilla posting, let's have a brief rundown of the PNG features that are most useful to Web designers:

• alpha transparency - This is geek jargon for partial or variable transparency, and it lets you do nice effects that are independent of the background color(s), such as antialiased (non-jaggy) text, drop shadows, gradient fades, and translucency. PNG not only supports a full 8-bit alpha channel in grayscale and RGB images but also what amounts to an "RGBA palette" in colormapped images. The latter lets you do nice transparency without a huge hit in file size. For example, all but one of the transparent images on my PNG alpha-transparency test page are 8-bit or less; the lone exception (one of the toucans) is a 32-bit RGBA image, virtually indistinguishable from its 8-bit cousins. Note that PNG supports only unassociated (non-premultiplied) alpha, since the alternative is not lossless.

• gamma correction - Gamma allows you to display the same image on different platforms without looking too dark on some and too light on others. For best results it does require that both the designer's display system and the user's be calibrated, but even educated guessing is better than nothing in a viewing program (which is what Mozilla does). Warning! Watch out for Adobe Photoshop; version 5.0 had a serious factor-of-two bug in its PNG gamma support, and 4.0 also had some problems. (Things seem to be fixed in 5.5, however.)

• color correction - Where gamma has to do with image "brightness," color correction has to do with rendering shades of color precisely. PNG supports it, but not many applications do; it's pretty tricky to get right. Note that Photoshop 5.5 writes incorrect PNG "iCCP" chunks, and this will crash applications based on libpng 1.0.6. (Older versions of libpng ignore the chunk, and the soon-to-be-released libpng 1.0.7 will work around it.) Also note that feeding a valid iCCP chunk to PS 5.5 will hang it.

• compression - A lot of people have some seriously crazy ideas about PNG's compression. Here's the straight dope:
  • PNGs tend to be 15% to 20% smaller than equivalent GIFs on average. There are some GIFs, particularly 32- or 64-color ones, that are smaller than the best PNGs, but usually by only a couple of percent. There are also many that are more than twice as large as the corresponding PNGs, but these tend to be tiny images. (One exception is this image, which is dimensionally rather large yet only 1/3 the file size of the GIF version.)

  • PNGs tend to be much larger than standard JPEGs. JPEGs are lossy, while PNGs are lossless; for natural (photographic) material, no lossless format can compete with JPEG--PNGs will typically be 5 or 10 times as large. On the other hand, for simple graphics or text-filled images with relatively few colors and sharp edges, JPEG is much worse, both in quality and in file size. (This means you, Slackware guys!) Use the proper tool for the job--no single image format is best in all cases.

  • PNG is roughly comparable to JPEG-LS, the new lossless JPEG standard. On the Waterloo BragZone test suite, JPEG-LS beat PNG by 5% to 10% on natural images, but PNG beat JPEG-LS by 35% to 270% on "artistic" images. YMMV.

  • PNG's compression method can be implemented in such a way that it is completely free of all known patents, but it can also be implemented in such a way that it infringes on patents held by PKWARE, Stac and others. You can guess which way zlib was written. Folks who are neither rich nor expert in patent law should probably stick to zlib- and libpng-based implementations.

  • Unlike (LZW-based) GIF, in which the compression is basically deterministic--that is, you end up with pretty much the same data regardless of who does the compression--PNG's scheme leaves a lot of room for optimization. Some programs do a good job, some don't. The GIMP happens to be one of the good ones, as is pngcrush. Photoshop traditionally has been one of the not-so-good ones, although version 5.5 includes a "Save for Web" option that presumably invokes ImageReady. ImageReady 1.0 was mediocre and reportedly isn't much better in its current release (i.e., pngcrush beats it by 15% to 25%), but it is better than Photoshop's normal "Save as" option.

  • The compression engine can't help clueless users who perform apples-and-oranges comparisons. If you start with a truecolor image and save it as both GIF and PNG, chances are the PNG will be 24-bit while the GIF will be 8-bit. Guess what? It's pretty tough to overcome that initial 3:1 deficit, no matter how good your compression engine is. (If you're not sure what kind of PNGs you have, check!) Also don't add a lot of text annotations to the PNG--unless you do the same to the GIF--and especially don't add a useless alpha channel to opaque images! (That last is directed at the Burn All GIFs folks...) Recompressing an image after it's been through JPEG compression is also a bad idea; JPEG leaves a lot of nasty little artifacts (often invisible to the naked eye) that screw up non-JPEG compressors.

• interlacing - PNG's interlacing scheme is two-dimensional, much like progressive JPEG, but unlike GIF--which uses a one-dimensional, line-based scheme. The upshot is that an interlaced PNG with text in it will be readable roughly twice as soon as the corresponding interlaced GIF.

• animation - Nope. But see MNG, below.

• MIME type - image/png. If PNG images on your server show up as broken images within Web pages and as gobbledygook text when referenced directly (i.e., as standalone URLs), you probably don't have the MIME type set up correctly. On the other hand, if they show up correctly for MSIE and some versions of Netscape but not others, you're probably running Microsoft's IIS server. Technically it's a bug in older versions of Netscape (versions 4.04 through 4.5), but consider switching to Apache anyway...

• browser compatibility - We'll get to that in a moment.

PNG Extensions and the Future

PNG is extensible. PNG is lossless. PNG is a single-image, raster (bitmap) format. One of its overriding design goals was backward compatibility. As a result, don't expect to see any sort of lossy compression methods (JPEG is doing a fine job of that, with the exception of transparency--but see JNG, below). Also don't expect to see any vector-based extensions--SVG with gzip content-encoding has that covered. Indeed, don't expect to see any new, incompatible compression methods for quite a while. Until there are lossless methods that can, on average, halve the size of PNG images, the cost in software compatibility is far too great. (Keep in mind that there still browsers that don't support progressive JPEG, and that was a relatively trivial change! And let's not even talk about JPEG 2000...)

PNG is also not going to become an animated format. Leaving multiple-image support out of PNG was a conscious design decision by the PNG development group, and it's still the right decision. Overloading a still image format with animation or video features merely confuses users and Web browsers, which have no way to distinguish still images from animations without prying into the data streams (which usually means downloading them first). Developers who prefer to program monolithically can always program for MNG instead; it's architecturally identical to PNG, and PNG is a pure subset of MNG.

Related Formats

MNG: As the previous paragraph suggests, the animated version of PNG is called MNG, for Multiple-image Network Graphics. It supports looping (including nested loops), clipping, deltas, and other features, plus everything PNG supports--including alpha transparency, of course. The home page is here:

• http://www.libpng.org/pub/mng/
• ftp://ftp.libpng.org/pub/mng/

Since this spring, a free reference library, libmng, has been under development by Gerard Juyn; its home page is at:

• http://www.libmng.com/

Note that the MIME type is video/x-mng; it has not yet been registered with the IETF. Undoubtedly there will be many misconfigured Web servers in coming years...

JNG: JNG is short for JPEG Network Graphics and is a proper subset of MNG, just as PNG is, but it's worth a separate mention. The idea is to combine the best of both worlds: JPEG's excellent compression and PNG's incredibly spiffy alpha transparency and color correction. JNG is almost identical to PNG, but in addition to standard IDAT chunks (which in JNG contain the alpha channel), there are also JDAT chunks that contain a standard JPEG/JFIF stream (suitable for handing off to libjpeg). From a developer's standpoint, if you've got support for both PNG alpha and ordinary JPEG/JFIF, adding JNG is a breeze. Of course, JNG is also supported by recent libmng betas. Its MIME type is image/x-jng.

Browser Status

Most browsers have supported PNG since at least late 1997 (when Netscape Navigator and Microsoft Internet Explorer finally did), but almost without exception, their support for alpha transparency has been abominable. Amazingly enough, it seems that 2000 may be the year that browsers finally support it, more or less ubiquitously. In April alone there were three newcomers, with another in May; so far this year, the total has more than doubled. Here's the current list of browsers that at least attempt to do alpha transparency correctly, with their supported platforms indicated in italics. If screen shots of the PNG alpha-transparency test page are available, they're linked to the browser name:

• Arena (Unix/X) - this was the first browser with good alpha support (at least for Unix, and I think anywhere). It died in 1998, however, and the final release tends to core-dump on PNG images. It always used its own "sandy" background pattern rather than that specified in the HTML. (Very old screen shot.)
• Browse (RISC OS) - Acorn's browser was the first to fully support PNG transparency and gamma correction, including background images, but it died along with Acorn itself in June 1999. The browser may or may not eventually show up in Pace Micro's digital set-top boxes. (Very old screen shot.)
• iCab (Macintosh) - this was the first Macintosh browser to support alpha transparency (since the 1.8 beta), but it doesn't do gamma correction yet.
• ICE Browser (Java) - ICEsoft's commercial browser for Java reportedly has full alpha support, but I haven't verified that.
• Internet Explorer (Macintosh) - version 5.0 added superb PNG support, including alpha, gamma and color correction. This is probably the best PNG-supporting browser available today. Unfortunately, the Windows and Unix versions seem to be a completely separate code base, so there's no telling when (or if) they'll have equally good support. (See the browsers page for details.)
• Konqueror (Unix/KDE) - I just heard that KDE's file-manager-cum-browser has full alpha support, but I haven't had a chance to check it myself. I'll try to get some screen shots added soon, however.
• Mozilla (Macintosh, Unix/X, Windows) - alpha was enabled in April, though there are a few gotchas: the Windows code is currently broken (bug 36694 and 19283, to be fixed by beta3), and the X code is a slightly nasty hack--it looks beautiful on 24-bit displays, but it's slow when scrolling, and the quality for users of 8- and 16-bit displays will be relatively poor. Nevertheless, it's a vast improvement over the previous code, and it's basically the only game in town for Unix users. Note that the infamous PNG interlacing bug (3195) was fixed in May, and Tim Rowley checked in initial MNG and JNG support on 12June.
• NetPositive (BeOS) - version 2.2, released in April, added support for alpha transparency; but like iCab, it doesn't yet do gamma correction. (It also doesn't display interlaced PNGs progressively.)
• Netscape - see Mozilla (which is basically what Navigator 6.0 will be).
• Sega Dreamcast Web Browser (Dreamcast) - version 2.0 of Planetweb's browser for the Sega Dreamcast game console, released in May, fully supports alpha transparency, but I don't have any screen shots yet.
• Webster XL (RISC OS) - R-Comp's RISC OS browser is claimed to have full alpha support, but I don't have verification, and it doesn't appear to be under development anymore.
• WebTV (WebTV) - surprisingly enough, WebTV has decent support for 32-bit RGBA PNGs, but its support for palette transparency is broken. In principle it should be easy to fix, but then again, it's a strange platform. (Note that the fonts look considerably better on a television screen.)

Honorable Mention goes to Siegel & Gale's PNG Live plug-in for Netscape, which was the only plug-in ever to manage alpha transparency (in Windows only). It died before ever getting out of beta, though, and plug-ins in general are useless for PNG. So is the HTML 4.0 OBJECT tag, but don't get me started...

Other Apps, Libs, etc.

I currently list some 500 distinct PNG-supporting packages (more if you break things like Microsoft Office into their constituent parts) in 8 categories (soon to be 9 or 10), not to mention a dozen pieces of hardware. PNG has now reached the point where even freeware authors generally don't bother to tell me when they've added support; it's largely taken for granted. (I do occasional Freshmeat sweeps, but I usually don't have time, and many entries don't mention PNG even if it's supported.) Quite a number of the apps include full source code, by the way--which is the way it should be, of course. ;-)

Within the libraries-and-toolkits category, there are a surprising number of independent PNG implementations (either encoders or decoders or both), including ones in C, C++, Java, JavaScript, Pascal, and even Ada95. PNG is now a standard part of Java 2 SE 1.3 and Tcl/Tk, and it is the main image format in the popular gd library and all of its Perl-based derivatives. In turn, this has led to its online use in areas as diverse as server statistics, chemical diagrams, computer-generated mazes, and weather maps.

Even better, PNG is the native, internal image format for a number of major applications (including Macromedia Fireworks and Microsoft Office), and it's becoming a popular icon format for advanced GUIs. It also ships as a standard part of BeOS, via the Translation Kit, and it's supported natively in the Windows Me shell (and possibly in Windows 2000 Professional).

Conclusion?

Ordinarily I'd mumble something about how PNG has finally achieved massive studliness and will soon be taking over the world, but what the hell--it has, it is, and if it's not obvious from what I've already written, another couple of lines won't make any difference. Go forth, visit the web site, write code, make lots of PNGs, etc., etc.

And Microsoft, pleeeeease get on the ball with Internet Explorer for Windows and Unix...

NRLax27 writes: "Freshmeat has an interesting editorial up by Joseph Carter on the issues surrounding Debian and KDE. Carter is a member of the Debian team, and spent much time working with the Troll Tech fellas trying to make the QPL compatible with the GPL." Interesting bit. Worth a read if you're interested in the licensing issues.

NRLax27 writes: "Freshmeat has an interesting editorial up by Joseph Carter on the issues surrounding Debian and KDE. Carter is a member of the Debian team, and spent much time working with the Troll Tech fellas trying to make the QPL compatible with the GPL." Interesting bit. Worth a read if you're interested in the licensing issues.

pudge writes "Yo. We released slash-1.0.3. Bug reports and CVS and file downloads are on SourceForge. Slashcode is now hosted at Exodus with Slashdot and Freshmeat. " The scary part is that now Slashdot and Slashcode are totally synched up... which means programmers can e-mail diffs instead of bug reports and feature suggestions (hint hint hint!)

Paranoid Diatribe asks: "I'm a Unix admin for a scientific computing environment at a large public university. In the past few weeks, I've had the (dis)pleasure of dealing with several vendors to get their applications re-licensed to run on various machines. These are vendors of scientific applications like MOLGEN, apps from MSI, and S-PLUS. There are many others. The majority use the most evil of license managers, Flex-LM. I spend more time messing with Flex, license key files, and calling the damned vendors than I do actually administering the boxes they run on. As such, I am becoming very disenchanted with these commercial vendors. Is there a compilation of alternative scientific computing apps (GPL, BSD, or other open license would be preferable) and how they match up to their commercial counterparts? I'm aware of Freshmeat.net and a small list at the OpenGL site (though many of these are commercial as well), but I was wondering if there was a better list of such apps."

eval writes "A student at Oxford had his page pulled by the computer services group there because he had a spoof DeCSS on his page, and linked to opendvd.org." Once again, the organizations like the MPAA (though Oxford administration did not officially confirm this) get their way simply by sending an official-looking letter. Where are we when universities - the last stronghold of intellectual freedom - excuse their censor-first, ask-questions-later behavior by saying: "We were here to further the aims of the University in Education and Research, not to fight other people's copyright actions"? (more)

The day following the Web page's removal, the school administrator was surprised to learn that the DeCSS his staff yanked had nothing to do with DVDs...

From: Alan Gay <alan@ermine.ox.ac.uk>
Newsgroups: ox.talk
Subject: Re: Deep linking
Date: Thu, 18 May 2000 13:14:54 +0100
Organization: Oxford University, England

So, you are saying that all this fuss is because you wanted to wave a red rag at the bull by *pretending* you were offering decss software. The result of this is that the University has spent, and is still spending, a vast amount of administrative effort and lawyers' fees over something that has nothing to do with it, and is just a game to you.

I'll leave others to discuss the sense of that.

slambo writes: "Everyone's favorite bootloader, LILO has been updated to remove the 1024-cylinder limit. LILO now supports disks up to 2Tb. "

petard writes: "I just learned about Abit's GNU/Linux distribution, Gentus. According to this discussion, it seems that Abit has not seen fit to release source code to their modifications of various GPL'd utilities. Even worse, it appears that they've slightly modified BP6Mon (from redseb at GoUPiL) and released it binary-only and under the "Abit License"! " Allright, everyone turn off the flames and concentrate on making sure that they are in fact distributing in binary-form-only GPLd code. We need a good contact point @abit to send a polite reminder. If you can't be polite, you won't help anything.

dotd asks:"Are there any open source alternatives to Fourelle's Venturi. It compresses HTTP, FTP, SMTP, IMAP, POP, and NNTP and sends it over a UDP connection to a Venturi server. It is especially useful for satellite networks where UDP seems to improve the 'felt' latency, (vs TCP and a compressing proxy like RabbIT) however it requires a proprietary client and server. Coincidentally, the Venturi box runs Linux (kernel 2.0.36), and boots off an 8MB SanDisk. It also runs Squid and ssh. "

Well, we hope you had a good April Fool's here at Slashdot; we're done with weird translations for the day. It's been an interesting day online, from Andrew Leonard's Salon piece to the Google MentalPlex to the l33t.freshmeat.net post over at Freshmeat, and of course, the Advogato joke on Andover. Also check out the 'Windows Games' post on Linux Games. Special thanks to Rinkworks and Babelfish for translations. Personally, my favorite April Fool's site on the entire web can be found here. Oh, you mean it's not? Oh, dear...

Joe "Zonker" Brockmeier writes, "Kirrily 'Skud' Robert, CEO of Netizen [and part-time freshmeat appindex maintainer], gives Linux job-seekers a few tips on landing a job with a Linux-friendly company. Netizen is an Australian Open Source and Internet training and consultancy company." It's a fun read, but eminently practical. Among her advice: Have opinions on beer, get involved in open-source projects, keep track of your source code ... just not necessarily in that order.

dlc asks: "i have a simple question for slashdot readers. let's say, hypothetically speaking, that i have a Linux box, co-located on a fast pipe, with fresh builds of the kernel, Apache, mod_perl, and MySQL, and i want to contribute back to the community. we already have a slashdot and a freshmeat, a segfault and a themes.org, a linux.com and a kernel.org; what else is there to be done? What do Slashdot readers want that they cannot find somewhere else? Is a user-driven site (such as Slashdot or Freshmeat) preferable to a content driven site (such as linux.com or kernel.org)? "

Elik writes, "Since I been seeing two different articles about how *BSD been used for the Internet Gateway products from IBM and Stallion E-Pipe, I figures I toss another item for you to review. I currently work at NetWolves We produce four different types of systems running on Intel Compabitible Platform using FreeBSD as the core Operating System. You can check out the press releases regarding the products. Plus, you also can test drive it as well after you obtain the username and password. I figures this will add another reviews for people who are interested in FreeBSD being used for business applications. " This is going to be the last one of these I run, as product announcements (particularly Internet gateway boxes) aren't really Slashdot's thang (get thee to Freshmeat) unless there's a quirk -- something like "BSD used in heart monitoring system" or similar.

cybermalandro noted that Zend now has a Web site. The company is helping support the very popular PHP Web scripting language that powers freshmeat and Server 51 among countless other sites.

cybermalandro noted that Zend now has a Web site. The company is helping support the very popular PHP Web scripting language that powers freshmeat and Server 51 among countless other sites.

Jeremy Collins wrote in to tell us that Gnucash 1.3.0 Beta is out. We keep the software release announcements to a minimum and let more appropriate sites handle them, but this is pretty significant. Gnucash is the best quickenesque program under Linux today, and as we all know: it's those pesky end user apps that we lag behind other OSs. We've already got several word processors, spreadheets and image manipulation coming along nicely, but seeing development happen in the financial package area (also games and video) is important. Anyway, I'd suggest checking this one out: I've been using it since xacc and it's good if you're anal. Check out the ftp.gnucash.org and report bugs if you see 'em.

jschauma writes "I just saw on freshmeat that Linux 2.3.46 is out - thought I'd share the news. Freshmeat also has the changelog online. " One step closer to 2.4.

I was pointed over to an editorial that is currently running on freshmeat. The author of the editorial takes issue with the current state of package managers for Linux and proposes a way to fix inadequacies. Here's a sample of the solution: "The solution to the problem seems to be to extend the autoconf approach to package systems. This requires providing the necessary tools, standards, and guidelines to software and/or package authors to enable a single source package to produce a wide variety of binary packages for the various platforms and packaging systems."

I was pointed over to an editorial that is currently running on freshmeat. The author of the editorial takes issue with the current state of package managers for Linux and proposes a way to fix inadequacies. Here's a sample of the solution: "The solution to the problem seems to be to extend the autoconf approach to package systems. This requires providing the necessary tools, standards, and guidelines to software and/or package authors to enable a single source package to produce a wide variety of binary packages for the various platforms and packaging systems."

pb writes "Freshmeat has an excellent editorial about geek chicks. A lot of free software projects these days could really use that woman's touch. "

pb writes "Freshmeat has an excellent editorial about geek chicks. A lot of free software projects these days could really use that woman's touch. "

Soko writes "Linux-Mandrake has joined SUSE, Red Hat and Caldera in porting their distribution to Alpha and SPARC architectures. The announcement was originally found on freshmeat and talks about getting help from Alpha Processors Inc. and Sun Microsystems Inc. MandrakeSoft has ported its latest popular version of the Linux operating system, Linux-Mandrake 7.0, to the above processors. "

I'm not planning on announcing each and every release of Slash here, but there were several pretty significant problems in the v0.9 release of Slash (mostly the fact that my e-mail was hardcoded in one spot so I'm getting status report e-mail from dozens of new Slashlings as they pop up). Please Upgrade! Details about the release, and future announcements will mostly be posted at Slashcode.com, so if you're using the code or just interested, bookmark it. Second is the matter of Server51. We had a little miscommunication over here and let the cat out of the bag on this when we released Slash v0.9: S51 is Freshmeat's new open source hosting site. It's still very alpha, and only hosting a few projects, but since it's already getting a fair amount of curious visitors, feel free to poke around and send suggestions... it'll be ready for mass consumption "when it's finished" of course ;)

I'm not planning on announcing each and every release of Slash here, but there were several pretty significant problems in the v0.9 release of Slash (mostly the fact that my e-mail was hardcoded in one spot so I'm getting status report e-mail from dozens of new Slashlings as they pop up). Please Upgrade! Details about the release, and future announcements will mostly be posted at Slashcode.com, so if you're using the code or just interested, bookmark it. Second is the matter of Server51. We had a little miscommunication over here and let the cat out of the bag on this when we released Slash v0.9: S51 is Freshmeat's new open source hosting site. It's still very alpha, and only hosting a few projects, but since it's already getting a fair amount of curious visitors, feel free to poke around and send suggestions... it'll be ready for mass consumption "when it's finished" of course ;)

I'm excited to announce that after countless hours of hacking and slashing through piles of perl, Slash 0.9 is finally out. It's definitely a long ways from 1.0, but we think you'll be able to download it from the FTP Server or the CVS Server and, assuming you are comfortable installing mod_perl and mysql, get your own Weblog up and running in a reasonable amount of time. The improvements and changes are too many to list here, but it's almost a full rewrite since the last release. And credit where it's due, Patrick Galbraith has really pulled it together... as both thanks and punishment, he is now the coordinator for Slash. We are starting up a mailing list to coordinate devel. Finally we also are happy to note that we have decided to use the GPL as the official license for the project. There are several other notes below.

The one thing that you'll notice missing is some of the Slashboxes. We've decided to only include Slashboxes that use the standard RDF format for backend information. This ought to be plenty of Slashboxes to get anyone started. The reason we decided to do this is that most of the remaining sites use backends that we had to ask for permission to use. You'll have to ask the same permission from the appropriate Webmasters.

This project has consumed countless hours on the parts of CowboyNeal and Patrick, and a to a lesser extent, me. We're all really excited to finally have a release ready to go, and to finally have a CVS server ready to help accelerate and coordinate future development. There's a lot of work left to do in this codebase, so if you're feeling spunky, feel free to send diffs.

Some notable features

• Many tables are cached locally in Apache to reduce SQL calls
• Mass moderation
• Customizable homepage
• Skinable look and feel by the sysadmin
• A plethora of default Slashboxes to get you started
• Highly configurable sections, including Look & Feel, and extension tables for extra fields (like the ISBN code fields we use in the authors table for example)
• Note passing system for authors in submissions
• Much of the site is remotely administratable with complicated but efficient Webforms.

TODO & BUGS

There are lots of both. Smoother installation. Preview bugs. Assorted troll protection bugs. Lots of new ideas to experiment with in the moderation system. A few security problems. Lots of interesting ways to make parts of the site more flexible for other users. Instant Messaging. Assorted advancements for the backend to help make distributed content management easier. Distributed/Load Balanced SQL. Cached Comments to reduce SQL. And much much more.

kornyone writes "Freshmeat listed XFree86 3.3.6 as being released, among new features: "Highlights of the new release include: support for the ATI Rage128. support for the ATI Rage Mobility, support for the SiS 540/630 and SiS 300, support for Silicon Motion Lynx chipsets, support for the Savage2000, support for the NVIDIA GeForce, support for the Intel i810 (not enabled by default as it needs a kernel module), and fixes to several drivers." "

A few names always tend to crop up in a discussion of this nature. The advocates are the people who spread the message of Open Source outside of just the guys who read Slashdot and freshmeat obsessively. Who does it the best? Nominate the person you feel deserves it most.

Another Anonymous Coward submitted this question: " Everyone that I know, myself included, has had some trouble getting X11 configured under Linux. If your monitor doesn't happen to "work with X" right off the bat, it seems that you're out of luck. Why is it that I can plug my generic 17" monitor into any old Windows box and get 1024x768, but it won't work at ALL with my Linux box yet I can plug in my Sony Trinitron 15" and it works just fine? We're using the latest version of X, of course. Even Windows 3.1 didn't have the sort of monitor problems that plague X. I see this as being one of the biggest installation headaches for beginners *and* advanced users of the Linux OS." Ah yes: Modelines. I know there are programs that help with this. Which ones do you all suggest?

Actually, I could have sworn we had done an Ask Slashdot on this, but as time passes improvements are made, so I don't mind doing another article on the subject. Just via a quick search on the web, I've found:

• Modeline
• and kvideogen (I'd bet there is a Gnome version of this as well)
• This page that has a simple, web based, Modeline calculator.

So if anyone has tried the above resources, we'd be interested in hearing your thoughts on how they work. If you know of other Modeline resources, please post links. I don't see why X11 has to have the reputation as "difficult to configure" when the tools to do such are out there.

Just a thought: Would including Modeline functionality in configurators like Linuxconf be a good idea?

Another Anonymous Coward submitted this question: " Everyone that I know, myself included, has had some trouble getting X11 configured under Linux. If your monitor doesn't happen to "work with X" right off the bat, it seems that you're out of luck. Why is it that I can plug my generic 17" monitor into any old Windows box and get 1024x768, but it won't work at ALL with my Linux box yet I can plug in my Sony Trinitron 15" and it works just fine? We're using the latest version of X, of course. Even Windows 3.1 didn't have the sort of monitor problems that plague X. I see this as being one of the biggest installation headaches for beginners *and* advanced users of the Linux OS." Ah yes: Modelines. I know there are programs that help with this. Which ones do you all suggest?

Actually, I could have sworn we had done an Ask Slashdot on this, but as time passes improvements are made, so I don't mind doing another article on the subject. Just via a quick search on the web, I've found:

• Modeline
• and kvideogen (I'd bet there is a Gnome version of this as well)
• This page that has a simple, web based, Modeline calculator.

So if anyone has tried the above resources, we'd be interested in hearing your thoughts on how they work. If you know of other Modeline resources, please post links. I don't see why X11 has to have the reputation as "difficult to configure" when the tools to do such are out there.

Just a thought: Would including Modeline functionality in configurators like Linuxconf be a good idea?

MartyJG asks: "I've been watching my Freshmeat slashbox for a while now, and I've seen many wierd and wonderful project names pop-up on there. There's obviously the cool names like Gimp, Gnome, Enlightenment, CodeWarrior, etc which everyone knows, but recently I've seen names like Orgasm, SleezeBall, Oregano, and SANE. My question is this: Who the hell can take open source software seriously with names like these? Can you imagine a developer saying to his supervisor "I'm not using Microsoft Visual Whatever anymore, I only use Orgasm now"? I can't. There's a flip side: names like Parsecfg, NAMG, Mmucl and Wmmp3 which are probably all great projects, but don't exactly trip off the tongue. Should we care more about what we call our projects? I'm not suggesting making Linux uber-commercial and all suit-like overnight - just give it some respect." Interesting thought, should we take more care in what we name our Open Sourced projects? Or should we stick with picking names that we think represent our projects properly?

bendawg writes "I was reading the 2.2.13ac2 patch summary on Freshmeat, and I was intrigued by the mention of ext3. I tried to find more specific information on this to no avail. Does anyone know what new features this filesystem is supposed to have? Also, anyone know the status of SGI's XFS journaling filesystem? " Yes, I know 2.2.13ac2 is old, but I have yet to hear ext3 mentioned in the geek conversations I participate in. What new features does this next iteration give us over good ol' ext2?

Fr05t asks: "Since the day the Internet became popular and the good old BBS's faded into the back ground, I myself have had a hard time finding the same kind of active community. Sure there's Slashdot, BugTraq, and IRC, but for whatever reason it seems people remain private and keep to themselves without a who's online option, and a message feature. I do see other Slashdot members posting often, but there are allot more people that read the articles and have opinions that remain in the background. I guess my question is if anyone has found the same kind of thing as the old BBS's?" (More)

I remember back in the 80's when I spent most of my waking hours after school in front of the monitor hooping from one BBS to another. I figure most of the BBSes have evolved in some way, shape or form and made the jump to the Internet. A few of them have evolved into Web Boards, which just don't have that same feel.

When I speak of "that BBS feel", I mean having the ability to go through different sections of the system, actually browsing the messages left by others in a free-forum (as opposed to moderated forums like Slashdot), actively seeing who was on the system at the time (the afore mentioned "who" command), the ubiquitous file transfer areas (which, for the most part have been surplanted by your mega-FTP sites like WcArchive and Freshmeat and others of their ilk). And door games....anyone remember door-games? (I'm still waiting for an online version of TradeWars for the Internet...)

Of course, my free time online has dropped dramatically due to my day-job and Slashdot, so I don't have the time to search for such online communities anymore. If anyone cares to make recommendations to any IBBS systems that may still exist, please feel free.

Aiken wrote in looking for comments on an idea he's had. To sum it up, what do you all think about this: "The development of a central GPL'd component repository would be an asset to the open-source community". My question: Do you all think this exists (couldn't Freshmeat be used for this purpose) or is this a niche that is still open? There is MUCH more to this, so if you are interested, please click below.

The following was submitted by Aiken:

Premises

• Companies that do extensive programming develop their own software libraries... binary trees, networking code, graphics routines, things that need to be done in all sorts of programs.
• While the open-source community has developed excellent tools (emacs, ecgs, etc.) to do their programming on, we have not developed such components.
• A critical issue facing open-source developers is how to find other developers who will contribute to their project.
• Having access to well-tested and proven components such as these could greatly decrease development and testing time needed for other software.

Conclusion

The development of a central GPL'd component repository would be an asset to the open-source community.

Elaboration

Consider the Standard Template Library. Linked lists, stacks, queues, and the like can all be used without having to write them from scratch and debug them. This saves time and improves readability, since they follow a common syntax and have common operators.
The open-source community is not bound by restrictions held on the standard library. We can write code that deals with networking and image formats that are commonly used, regardless of whether or not they are in the standard.
Generating repositories of these components would allow casual programmers to dip into a vast resource base. Instead of spending their limited time finding other programmers to help out, they could simply take and use the code that was already written for them. Rather than create a subroutine for a single program, you would create a component which could be used in hundreds of programs by developers you didn't know existed.

Issues to Consider

Just some kinks in the idea that I can see needing to be worked out:

• How to ensure that components are GPL'd... e.g. that some student's university doesn't want to claim credit for the code they wrote
• How to ensure quality code and documentation
• Who should run the repositories
• What components to provide

Thoughts? aiken@quakemail.com.

Contemporary Logic Design, written by Randy H. Katz, is reviewed by Deepak Saxena. The tome is a thorough introduction to the world of digital logic design. Click below to learn more about whether the book is for you or not. Contemporary Logic Design author Randy H. Katz pages 699 publisher Addison-Wesley rating 9/10 reviewer Deepak Saxena ISBN 0-8053-2703-7 summary A good, thorough introduction to the world of digital logic design. The Scenario You can code perl in your sleep, answer computer questions for all your non-geek friends, and create robust database-backed web sites for a living. The best description for you is that of software artist: You weave patterns of 1's and 0's that bring life to what would otherwise just be a hunk of silicon. However, you've always wondered how those 1's and 0's you create actually work. How does the flow of electrons through the silicon's microscopic pathways turn into the addition of two numbers? How does writing "*foo = 3;" actually put "3" into memory location foo? If you've ever asked any of these questions, you're ready to delve into the world of digital logic and computer architecture, and this book was written with you in mind.

What's Good? Contemporary Logic Design provides a thorough introduction to the world of digital logic design. The author does an excellent job of not only presenting the concepts behind hardware design, but also covers some of the common pitfalls such as timing issues and dealing with the fact that hardware is not perfect. The book is logically divided into three groups of chapters that build on each other towards the final goal: Design of a simple 16-bit processor.

The first five chapters of the book cover the concept of combinational logic. This is the creation of simple circuits that take a given input and provide a given output in which there is no feedback between output and input (for example 1 AND 0 = 0). First, the author covers the basic building blocks of digital logic: AND, OR, and NOT gates. >From here, the subject matter expands into more advanced circuits that are built from combinations of the above gates. The fifth chapter completes the first section with excellent information on the representation of numbers in hardware and implementation of basic add, subtract, and multiply circuits.

Chapters six through ten teach the reader about the world of sequential logic design. Sequential logic is that in which the previous state of the system affects the next given output. Sequential operation is at the heart of computer systems, and this is where the book excels. The basic theory of sequential logic is covered, and several useful examples such as binary counters, a simple DRAM chip, and a vending machine controller are used to demonstrate the principles.

The final two chapters provide and introduction to computer architecture and implementation. An excellent overview of computer organization is provided, and a 16 bit CPU is used as a case study of implementation issues.

While the book covers hardware, the author does an excellent job of keeping from getting too low level by delving into issues such as resistance, capacitance, and transistors. In a few places, the circuit design issues are brought up, but the are generally explained in enough detail that someone with no experience in electronics can understand. For those that are interested in the lowest level details, an appendix provides information on how digital gates are built up from basic analog components.

What to Watch Out For? This is not a book that you can causally read. While the information covered is well presented, it is difficult material and you will often need to re-read a section several times before you clearly understand it, so plan to spend a few months with this book.

In addition, many of concepts that are in the book cannot really be completely understood without seeing them in action. For this reason, I suggest that if you are interested in this material and get this book, you should do one of the following: a) Go to your local Radio Shack or your local electronics store and pick up one of those "101 digital logic projects" kits or b) pick up some digital logic simulation software (see this page on Freshmeat for a list of Linux offerings). Either option will allow you to actually build the circuits that are described and see how changing certain aspects will change their behavior.

In Summary If you want to learn about computer hardware design, this is the book for you. It provides a thorough introduction to the subject without requiring much previous knowledge of electronics. The only warning is that you should have plenty of time in which to digest the information contained within this tome and that you should get some real digital hardware with which to experiment as you learn the material.

Pick this book up at Amazon.

Table of Contents

1. Introduction
2. Two-Level Combinational Logic
3. Multilevel Combinational Logic
4. Programmable and Steering Logic
5. Arithmetic Circuits
6. Sequential Logic Design
7. Sequential Logic Case Studies
8. Finite State Machine Design
9. Finite State Machine Optimization
10. Finite State Machine Implementation
11. Computer Organization
12. Computer Implementation
13. Appendix A: Number Systems
14. Appendix B: Basic Electronic Components