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"Deep Linking" Controversy Renewed in Texas

DaDigz writes "Wired News is reporting on a cease and desist letter sent to an independant news site by Belo, corporate parent of The Dallas Morning News, forbidding them from linking to individual stories within the site. They claim that the author can only link to the site's homepage, and attempting to link to stories within the site violates their copyright." Next week Time Magazine will require you to read pages 1-36 before reading the article you want on page 37. Don't complain, it's their copyright ;)

34 of 436 comments (clear)

  1. email to a friend by geekoid · · Score: 4, Interesting

    I can't deep link to an article, but I can email it to a friend?

    --
    The Kruger Dunning explains most post on /. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunning%E2%80%93Kruger_effect
  2. Their copyright? by drsoran · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Since when does copyright law force you to read anything you don't want to? The example in the post of reading the first 36 pages before you can view page 37 is exactly right. When I go to read a magazine I'm not compelled to read the table of contents (complete with blinking flashy full size ads) before I go to read an article, why would the web be any different?

    In other news, footnotes in term papers and publications are now illegal according to these idiots in Texas. hehe.

    1. Re:Their copyright? by fishebulb · · Score: 4, Insightful

      not really, its more like saying hey, go get a time magazine and read page 37

      The website never copied the article to its own servers. that is key in this case.

      you are only directing someone to a news article

  3. Criminal Incompetence. by Circuit+Breaker · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Two (2) lines in the web server's config file would have solved the problem. Even if they pay they're sysadmin $1000/hour, and he has to read two hours worth of documentation to find that out, it would still be more cost effective - the lawyer fees are probably well above $100/hour, and it won't end in less than 10.

    A cease and desist letter should be considered criminal harrassment in this case, and the lawyer behind it should fear being disbarred for sending out such a letter. But there's no chance of that happenning.

    Oh well, at least I'm not a US citizen, so it isn't MY taxpayer money that will go down the drain. Unfortunately, the same cannot be said about my legal rights.

  4. deep linking on slashdot by joeldg · · Score: 3, Funny

    this just in, "Linux advocate web site slashdot.org (NYSE symbol OSDN) sued for deep linking on an article about deep linking. In other news, ACLU defends rights of deep-link advocates and also defends terrorists rights to burn down ACLU headquarters." *sigh*, what next...

  5. Technical Solution by DeadSea · · Score: 5, Informative

    The solution for this case is technical, not legal. If you don't want people to link to you, have your server check that their browser sends a referrer url from your site. If it doesn't redirect them to your front page or an error page.

    1. Re:Technical Solution by ReelOddeeo · · Score: 5, Informative

      There are other technical solutions.

      You could use an expiring url. That is, encrypt an expiration timestamp into the url. Now, your main page could have links which work, for an hour, into stories in your site. But if you bookmarked those links and use them after they expire, then those expired links simply give you back the main page again. Suppose you use 3DES to encrypt the expiration timestamp, you just keep the key private. Since only your server knows the key, only you can decrypt it. Or use other crypto.

      Another possibility is through the use of sessions. Some web systems keep track of you by a "session", such as a shopping site might need to do. Within the session, links to stories within the site have the session id (or some function thereof) embedded into the url. Once the session has expired, or the user has logged out of the site, or even closes their browser window, the old links no longer would work.

      Other techniques could be used with varying degrees of success. Instead of sending a <a href="story382728.html"> tag, send some javascript which is heaviliy obfuscated, but which eventually writes into the document the actual link. All kinds of code obfuscation techniques could be used, including implementing a small code interpreter with the actual code to write the url written in the interpreted code, with a layer of crypto thrown in just to make analysis of the interpreted bytecode more difficult. (The crypto decode key must be part of what is downloaded, so this doesn't defeat analysys, just complicates it.)

      Other techniques include a challenge/response system implemented in Javascript. If they're on your main page, then clicking on the link to the story, creates a hidden layer (or frame) and sends a tiny <form> to the server with variables requesting a challenge. The script on the server generates some challenge code. The javascript computes a response and encodes the response into the url link to the story. Now the difficulty here is that you must hit some other magic url via. a form with hidden variables and a POST request in order to obtain the challenge code, before you compute a response to it to include into the url. The story links could expire fairly quickly so that the Javascript code has only 60 seconds to compute and hit the url with the correct response code before it expires. This makes it very difficult to try to even hit the story using netcat connected to port 80 of the server. Again, you would have to analyze the javascript code.

      I'm sure I could think of other techniques if I thought about it longer than it took to write this message.

      --

      Those who would give up liberty in exchange for security and DRM should switch to Microsoft Palladium!
    2. Re:Technical Solution by BlueUnderwear · · Score: 5, Insightful
      Other techniques could be used with varying degrees of success. Instead of sending a <a href="story382728.html"> tag, send some javascript which is heaviliy obfuscated, but which eventually writes into the document the actual link. All kinds of code obfuscation techniques could be used, including implementing a small code interpreter with the actual code to write the url written in the interpreted code,...

      This technique is to be considered as highly antisocial, as it not only forbids deep linking, but also forces the user to enable javascript. Many users have disabled javascript for security reasons (obnoxious popus, cross-site scripting, etc.), while others may use a browser that does not support javascript, either by choice, or by necessity (blind users surfing with a braille line must use a text-only browser). Moreover, if you push javascript too much, it may well only run correctly in one single browser (the one you developped/tested it in), ruining all portability of Html (and if you don't push it overly, then it will not be obfuscated enough to truely hide the URL). By using such techniques, you'll be perceived as a moron who does this in order to force users to use Internet Explorer, rather than as somebody who wants to protect your deep links.

      with a layer of crypto thrown in just to make analysis of the interpreted bytecode more difficult. (The crypto decode key must be part of what is downloaded, so this doesn't defeat analysys, just complicates it.)

      Actually, such techniques can be defeated even without analysis: just run a sniffer and log the URL's that your browser tries to access. You'd be inconveniencing the legitimate user without really impeding a determined attacker.

      You're earlyer suggestions (session ids or timestamps embedded in URLs) are much more user friendly.

      --
      Say no to software patents.
  6. obligitory by jeffy124 · · Score: 4, Funny

    oops

    i think i just broke (c) law. aaaah!

    --
    The One Rule Of Chess You'll Ever Need: Don't play someone who carries a kit in their bookbag.
    1. Re:obligitory by blair1q · · Score: 3, Informative

      You didn't.

      You performed fair use, using a reasonable portion of their material for your own creative commentary. (Weak and misguided, but creative.)

      What you did there didn't damage the DMN. Since you're not taking the place of their front page, you're not taking valuable clicks away from them. Quite the opposite.

      --Blair
      "IANAL, I don't even like looking at it."

  7. Does this mean the end of google? by eaddict · · Score: 4, Redundant

    Don't all the search engines 'deep link'? I guess the new search engines will only point to home pages. What a crock!

    --
    "If you are on fire you can just stop, drop, and roll. If you fall into Lava you are just dead." - my 5yr old daughter
    1. Re:Does this mean the end of google? by Restil · · Score: 3, Informative

      Just like preventing deep linking has a simple technical solution, so does keeping links out of search engines. A one line robots.txt file will prevent search engines from archiving any of your site. If you refuse to make that simple 30 second effort to solve the "problem" and instead choose an expensive legal solution, then someone really needs to be fired and committed.

      Search engines are not spammers. If you tell them to go away, they're more than happy to oblige you.

      -Restil

      --
      Play with my webcams and lights here
  8. Damn idiots... by weave · · Score: 3, Insightful
    Been said before, over and over, just do some sort of apache rewrite rule that takes any referrer other than their site and rewrites it to the home page.

    No need to sue...

    Maybe instead they should fire their webmaster for being clueless...

  9. What about Google, Altavista, Lycos, etc... by toupsie · · Score: 5, Insightful
    It seems that major search engines are the biggest "violators" of deep linking. Majority of the time when I do a search, I am not given the home page of the site that has the information I want, I am given a "deep link" to the exact page I need. Maybe the Dallas News is playing favorites over who can link to their "deep pages".

    And what is a "Deep Link"? Aren't all the documents on a web server stored on a hard drive? Last time I checked, the surface of a hard drive has no depth that would differentiate the height from the bottom of one document from another. So I am lost of the Dallas News argument. As far as I am concerned about my web site, all pages on it are home pages. I don't care if you link to "index.html" or "/news/04-02-02/index.html". Just link. The Internet is about information and making a clear route to it.

    --
    Strange women lying in ponds distributing swords is no basis for a system of government.
  10. Re:Being on the web does not remove copy write. by JabberWokky · · Score: 5, Insightful
    As much as I dislike it, the owners of the copy write do control the distribution of their intellectual property.

    Yes, and the web is a hyperlinked medium. If they don't want their copy linked, they shouldn't use the web. A skywriter can't write a poem and sue anybody who looks up, and a mystery book author can't file charges because someone just skipped to the end to see who did it.

    And it's copyright, not copy write.

    --
    Evan

    --
    "$30 for the One True Ring. $10 each additional ring!" -- JRR "Bob" Tolkien
  11. Re:Being on the web does not remove copy write. by Brigadoon · · Score: 3, Insightful

    You're right. Posting their copyrighted material online doesn't mean others can make use of it however they like. However, they're going to be fighting an uphill battle. They're posting their content in an environment in which it can be freely accessed, both by anyone and free of charge (generally). If they're going to try and say people can't link, they're going to have to go against years of Internet standards. If they don't like the fact that the entire PLANET uses hyperlinks as a means of communication, they can pull their content from the web, plain and simple.

    One could argue that their beef with linking is analagous to me showing a friend an article from a paper I bought. I paid for it and got the article legally, but showing it to my friend precludes him buying the paper. They got screwed out of another sale, so should I be taken to court? The only difference is that they're not making any sale when I go to their site in the first place. Instead, they're getting ad revenue from me going to the site. When I refer my friend to the site, they're STILL making ad revenue, just maybe not quite as much. Overall, they've made more (relatively) by me sending the link to my friend than by me showing him an article.

    It should also be noted that no one is REALLY going to wade through a news source's home page to find information. They have a plethora of articles and other publications. If I send an article to someone, it's probably because I think they'll find it of particular interest to them. They're not prone to say, "Gee, I wonder if Such-And-Such Times has an article on the population growth of Three-Toed Sloths." And yet again, they get more revenue simply because of a link, where someone wouldn't have otherwise gone and viewed an article.

    -X

  12. Re:Its surprising by kindbud · · Score: 5, Insightful

    From the article: "When someone provides a link without my permission, which grants a user access to a part of my website without going first to my site's home page, the user may experience something different from what I intended when I established my website," Bruce Sunstein, an intellectual property law attorney, said.

    If I read a book backwards, I will have an exerience other than what the author intended. Have I infringed his copyright? No.

    If I play a LP at 45 rpm instead of 33 1/3 rpm, I will have a different experience than what the publisher and recording artist intended. Have I infringed their copyright? No.

    If I set fire to a piece of sheet music instead of placing it on my music stand, I will have a different experience of the work than if I had used it as the publisher intended. But have I infringed anyone's copyright? No.

    If I read a website with a text-to-speech converter (assuming there's plaintext to read in the first place), I will have a different experience of the site than the publisher intended. Have I infringed his copyright? No.

    I don't know what is wrong with these "intellectual property" people, but they are creating a new oxymoron, it seems to me. There is very little intellectualism discernable in intellectal property theory.

    --
    Edith Keeler Must Die
  13. Re:many people filter referrers by br0ken+by+design · · Score: 3, Insightful

    I'd rather have a site require referrers than have yet another copyright
    law passed, or precedent set. If they don't want people coming from
    outside sources, they should block them, not go whining to the authorities.

    Copyright should deal with *copying and distribution*, not access to freely
    available information. Linking does not copy or distribute any of the
    site's content, nor does it even circumvent an access control measure.

    :wq

    --
    One ring to rule them all. The (_O_) in Goatse.cx
  14. BarkingDogs' answer to BELO by kindbud · · Score: 5, Informative

    Here it is, enjoy!

    --
    Edith Keeler Must Die
  15. Belo and CueCat by Restil · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Belo is the same company that partially funded the braindead CueCat concept back the the dot-com boom "flush money down the toilet, its the way of life" days. And likewise, therefore pushed the lawsuits to stop those evil hackers who are opening our precious free product that you don't really own just because we gave it to you.

    -Restil

    --
    Play with my webcams and lights here
  16. Tim Berners-Lee by discHead · · Score: 5, Informative

    "The ability to refer to a document (or a person or any thing else) is in general a fundamental right of free speech to the same extent that speech is free. Making the reference with a hypertext link is more efficient but changes nothing else. . . . There is no reason to have to ask before making a link to another site."

    --Tim Berners-Lee

  17. Re:Nobody said that by arkanes · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Amazingly, they do have that right. They choose not to use it. Linking has nothing to do with copyright - you don't alter or reinterpert content, so you aren't creating a derivative work. You certainly aren't duplicating it. Copyright does not, and cannot, apply. Thats just basic sense. If they want to enforce a certain style of presentation, let them do so - it's like printing a book, but claiming you can force people to read it backwards. You can't, if you want people to read it backwards, you print it backwards. If you don't want people linking to content, make it impossible to do. This can be done trivially by not posting it on the web.

  18. The Link Controversy Page by mutende · · Score: 4, Funny

    Don't forget to visit Stefan Bechtold's Link Controversy Page that has links to legal articles, cases, technical solutions, link license agreements, hyperlink patents and related stuff.

    --
    Unselfish actions pay back better
  19. Is this just a scam? by Sun+Tzu · · Score: 3, Funny

    ...To get slashdotted?

    I refuse to believe that these yahoos both put their content on the net and then expect people to change the way they use the web while viewing their content! Especially since it is in their power to control access to their info while still making it available on the web.

    We're supposed to believe that these people are so technically inept and unimaginative that:

    They can't figure out how to do this with cookies, hidden data, dynamically changing links (bad idea since people would link to invalid url's), or referrer data? They also can't figure out that the net is inherently a public place unless they take measures to prevent that? They can't understand that a law won't change the way people not subject to the law operate? They can't understand that naive people will continue to deep link to their content until their lawyers contact them, endlessly?

    Impossible. No functionally literate human is that stupid. Therefore, this must be a cpublicity stunt. :)

  20. In Other News... by Mockura · · Score: 5, Funny
    Comcast Cable has sent cease and desist letters to Sony, Magnavox and other major television manufacturers, demanding removal of the number buttons on TV remotes.

    "By allowing TV viewers to go directly from Channel 2 to Channel 50, they are denying channels 3 through 49 of valuable 'click-through' advertising opportunities. This will not stand!"

    --
    Drink blood - 50 trillion mosquitoes can't be wrong.
  21. icopyright by morcheeba · · Score: 3, Interesting
    It's always been amusing when I see an article where icopyright offers to allow linking to an article for $5. Example. Their other services, such as reprints ($250, hosted at icopyright for a guaranteed amount of time, not at the original source) seem reasonable, but this linking-to comes with no guarantees. Other than they won't try to sue you, I guess. Their description:

    HTML Link permission allows you to link to a specified Web page. Clicking on the licensed HTML link, whether embedded in a logo, in text, or in some other object, results in the immediate display of the Web page. Note: linked-to content is not guaranteed to be hosted by the Web site owner for any specific length of time; refer to the publisher's License Agreement for specific terms of use.
    I wonder how they would treat thier example. By clicking above, you get a page that has a link to the original article. So, linking to icopyright is just one step removed, and (so far) free. I wonder if icopyright takes this linking-to seriously. By allowing linking to their site, they can generate revenue for themselves, but at the same time, they diminish the "protection" they offer to their customers,
  22. Re:Rights of redistribution [ NOT REDISTRIBUTION ] by jerry924 · · Score: 3, Informative

    You are missing the point here. They are NOT redistributing the content. They are pointing to the content that is in its original distribution point! As someone who defends to the death the rights of a content creator wouldn't you want to open channels that get content exposed to as many people as possible? Or, apparently you want to limit the reach of content creators so that only a small fraction of people see their valuable content.

  23. But a "home page" has no special status... by dpbsmith · · Score: 5, Insightful

    ...well, unfortunately I can't seem to find it, even via www.archive.org's "wayback machine," but I could have sworn that in the old days when the Web meant lynx and lynx by default took you to a CERN page with some introductory material--INCLUDING an EXPLICIT statement that the concept of a "home page" was a completely arbitrary convention, that there were no features distinguishing a "home page" from any other page.

    Hyperlinking between pages at ANY level is the essence of the Web.

    Aren't there any W3C standards that still say this?

  24. Re:Nobody said that by at_18 · · Score: 3, Insightful

    As the creators of the content, they should have the right to control how and when that content is made available. And to whom.

    They are using the wrong medium.
    If you don't want an article to be "deep linked", don't put it in a web page! It's freakin' obvious.

  25. New google results by YouAreFatMan · · Score: 3, Insightful
    Your search term "nanotechnology" appears in 56,483 documents which are somewhere within the following websites

    Chicago Tribune
    New Scientist
    CNN
    Tech Industry Forum
    Slashdot

    Keep looking, you'll eventually find it

    --
    Robotiq.com is heavily tested on animals
  26. Re:obligitory - me too by marcop · · Score: 3, Insightful

    I am linking to your post which contains an "illegal" link. Did I just brake the law too?

  27. At Least Do It Properly by nick_davison · · Score: 3, Insightful
    From the article: "When someone provides a link without my permission, which grants a user access to a part of my website without going first to my site's home page, the user may experience something different from what I intended when I established my website," Bruce Sunstein, an intellectual property law attorney, said.


    It always strikes me as insane that this argument keeps getting trotted out. They're attempting to misuse a law that's not suited to their purpose when there's one that was so kindly gifted to them...


    If it's really such an issue, check the HTTP_REFERRER. If it's not your site, bounce them back to the front page. You can do it in a couple of lines and then you get to sue anyone who goes around it under the security circumvention clause of the DMCA. Great, now you can stop wasting everyone's time with nonsensical positions.


    Actually, thinking about it, will someone go and patent that suggestion so the media conglomerates can't use it? I won't claim prior art if you use it sensibly. :)

  28. Re:Its surprising by jdavidb · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Furthermore, a link doesn't "grant a user access to a part of [your] website." You grant access to your website. If you don't want people to access it, take it down.

  29. More to the point by kaladorn · · Score: 3, Insightful

    If I say to you "There's a neat picture in this book Y on page Z" and you go grab book Y and flip to page Z without reading the rest of it, are you somehow redistributing? Are you in violation of copyright? NOT.

    Copyright does not enter here as no COPY is made. You are providing a signpost or link (driving directions, a page reference, nothing more) that tells someone where some content is. How you describe that content (if at all) is up to you, but you certainly are NOT redistributing it NOR are you COPYING it.

    The visitor must actually visit the other site and the OWNER's web server distributes any information. Therefore how the heck could you be violating a COPYright? Can't can't can't!

    I can see objections to mirroring. I _can't_ see this kind of BS attorney-drive goonery as it pertains to linking. There IS no COPY therfore no infringement of COPYright.

    Think of another equivalent. I've built a house with murals on all the outside walls. You drive by... I've told you "Gee, the mural on the left wall is neat!" so you go look at it. You don't make a copy.... the only information is provided by the original source. But suddenly you're violating (or so is the bogus claim) copyright because you didn't look at the front wall first?

    I think you need to understand what is actually occuring here and understand the actual nature of copyright law to understand why such tactics boil down to lawyer-aided thuggery.

    --
    -- Mal: "Well they tell you: never hit a man with a closed fist. But it is, on occasion, hilarious."