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RMS Condemns "UnitedLinux" per-seat License

dep writes "Likening the practice to Windows, Richard M. Stallman has issued a brief statement condemning the per-seat licensing that it appears will be employed in the "UnitedLinux" core distribution. He calls upon developers to refuse to allow their work to be used by such a distribution."

68 of 663 comments (clear)

  1. nah, that aint what pisses him off.... by jeffy124 · · Score: 4, Funny

    he's actually pissed it's not called GNU/UnitedLinux

    --
    The One Rule Of Chess You'll Ever Need: Don't play someone who carries a kit in their bookbag.
  2. Well that settles it! by Limburgher · · Score: 5, Funny
    I guess I'll just have to stick to RedHat, TinyLinux and Lycoris.

    Hang on, I was going to do that anyway. . .

    --

    You are not the customer.

    1. Re:Well that settles it! by JWW · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Yep, I dumped Caldera for Red Hat when they pulled this per seat bullshit.

      All Red Hat has to do to blow the doors off so-called "UnitedLinux" is not go to a per seat license.

      Scratch them off the list of distros other than Red Hat and Mandrake that I will try. Someday, though ... I will have to give Debian a try.

    2. Re:Well that settles it! by kenthorvath · · Score: 3, Interesting

      Exactly. If I write software, and release it under the GPL, it says alot about MY character and politics. Mainly, I am writing software for the end-user. If that user CHOOSES to pay ANOTHER company a per seat license agreement, why should I interfere? This is alot like sticking my nose where it doesn't belong. Part of the reason that code is given out is because people are supposed to be free - free to modify to suit one's needs, free to choose software based on the strength of its code, and CERTAINLY they should be free to execute that code on ANY platform they wish. Somehow it seems as though Stallman is leaning less towards the free as in speech and focusing more on the free as in beer....

  3. Read title carefully by dmccarty · · Score: 5, Funny

    Woah, I read "RMS" and "condoms" and didn't want to read any more about that!

    --
    Have fun: Join D.N.A. (National Dyslexics Association)
    1. Re:Read title carefully by NitsujTPU · · Score: 3, Funny

      Open Sores Condoms?

      Ouch!

  4. He's right... by Pii · · Score: 5, Informative
    I have never commented on anything related to RMS before, but his point is hard to argue with here.

    If Caldera and Company want to license support on a per seat basis, that's fine and dandy.

    Licensing the software itself on a per seat basis is absurd. It's not their software to begin with.

    Go RMS!

    Go Away, Caldera!

    --
    For those that would die defending it, Freedom
    has a sweet taste that the protected will never know.
    1. Re:He's right... by motorsabbath · · Score: 5, Interesting

      Yep - I've never jumped in on an RMS thread before either, but I hafta agree with him here. It's odd that they've banded together to increase market share, and are now flirting with the licensing concept that kept Caldera from getting any market share in the first place.

      I hope RedHat and Mandrake and Slack and (insert you distro here) avoid this like the black plague. It's unfortunate, SuSE is a really nice distro. I hope they don't shoot themselves in the foot here.

      JB

      --
      The heat from below can burn your eyes out
    2. Re:He's right... by andyr · · Score: 3, Informative
      All United Linux are saying, like Caldera did, is that the binaries will have per-seat licensing.

      The source code would, naturally, be freely downloadable, if you want to roll your own.

      Cheers, Andy!

      --
      Andy Rabagliati
    3. Re:He's right... by mjh · · Score: 5, Insightful

      But they can not restrict someone, who gets the source, from re-releasing binaries of the packages, as long as they also include the source. And if they release the binaries, they can not restrict the person who receives those binaries from re-releasing them. This is what the GPL guarantees. That if you get a copy of the code, either in source or binary form, you can give it away. Which means that per-seat licensing of binary GPL'd code is a violation of the GPL since it prevents the receiver of the code from re-releasing that code.

      I don't know, but it seems to me that UL are saying that you can't re-release their own code, not the GPL'd code on the system. And if that's the case they're no problem. But if they're restricting the usage of GPL'd software (in either binary or source code form) then that's a violation of the GPL which provides that once you receive code you can give it away.

      But, IANAL, so take my opinion as such.

      --
      Key to financial independence: Spend less than you earn. Save and invest the difference. Do it for a long time.
    4. Re:He's right... by JWW · · Score: 3, Insightful

      However if RedHat and Mandrake and Slack, don't avoid this. We will end up with a truly "united" linux.

      Everyone will run Debian.

    5. Re:He's right... by mjh · · Score: 4, Insightful
      GPL covers rights to source, not binaries.

      Not true. Section 6 of the GPL states:

      Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the Program), the recipient automatically receives a license from the original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to these terms and conditions. You may not impose any further restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein. You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to this License.

      My ability to redistribute GPL'd code is granted by the original licensor, not the guy who I happened to get it from. They guy who I happened to get it from doesn't have the right to impose any additional restrictions, like per-seat licensing.

      Also, section 3 says:

      You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it, under Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above

      So this means that I have these rights whether I decide to re-release the binary or the source code form of the program. I just have to make sure that if I re-release the binary form, I also make available the source code. But I'm not restricted from re-releasing a binary. Which means, per-seat licensing restrictions are a violation of the GPL.

      But, IANAL, so I may have an overly simplistic interpretation. It seems pretty clear to me, though.

      --
      Key to financial independence: Spend less than you earn. Save and invest the difference. Do it for a long time.
  5. Surely a step backwards by Sunkist · · Score: 5, Insightful


    If United Linux thinks they can "unseat" RedHat by using a per seat license, they are dead wrong, regardless of what RMS thinks.

    Good luck at your going-out-of-business sale, United Linux.

    --
    No, Vern. They just let him in.
    1. Re:Surely a step backwards by Jason+Earl · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Per seat licensing certainly hasn't helped Caldera despite the fact that Caldera controls the remnants of SCO's vast VAR channel. For that matter per seat licensing didn't help SCO in the face of a massive Linux onslaught.

      RedHat has become the de-facto Linux standard by writing cool software and giving it away. Caldera, SuSE, and TurboLinux have all created distributions that were better than RedHat's, but RedHat's distribution was freely available, and you could build on RedHat's free tools (because you had the source) and so RedHat won.

      Ransom Love has got to be the thickest member of the Linux community. RedHat has beaten Caldera time and again by giving away software, and yet he still refuses to learn. The only way that these companies have a chance of unseating RedHat is to out-RedHat them. They need to give away even more cool software so that they can become the standard.

    2. Re:Surely a step backwards by JordanH · · Score: 3, Insightful
      • There's a proper term for this scenario, but all in all, it will validate that Linux might be worth-while.

        Yes, this argument is flawed, as the number of people using a software much less it's lisence doesn't make software good or bad. "Look at windows!" ;)

      As you say, it's a flawed argument.

      It sends entirely the wrong message. Better to educate corporate types now that there is an alternative to seat-licensed software.

      Corporate types will be disappointed if they try to apply their present software purchasing and licensing mindset to OSS and GPL'd software. This disappointment might translate to a backlash against Linux/OSS and GPL'd software in the future.

      They need to start thinking in terms of very low cost to deploy many seats with some fixed support cost for deployment + some fixed cost for development/enhancement/customization + some support cost per seat.

      In their present application deployment models, they cost out per-seat licenses + large initial application development costs + typically very small ongoing enhancement/customization costs and + some support cost per seat.

      Some are starting to see the no-seat-licensing model as attractive for POS and the like. Best they truly understand what OSS costs are rather than give in to the natural inclination to not rethink.

    3. Re:Surely a step backwards by truesaer · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Are you sure? A lot of companys are more familiar with per seat licensing. Having to pay for every copy makes it seem like it must be useful and productive software. In a bizarre, twisted sort of way this could be the way to get people to switch away from MS!

    4. Re:Surely a step backwards by danro · · Score: 4, Insightful

      The only way that these companies have a chance of unseating RedHat is to out-RedHat them.

      Like Mandrake is trying to do?

      --

      "First lesson," Jon said. "Stick them with the pointy end."
    5. Re:Surely a step backwards by Paul+Komarek · · Score: 4, Insightful

      And what is next? BSA Audits? You are right that companies are familiar with per seat licensing. I don't think they *like* it, though.

      -Paul Komarek

  6. Re:ego anyone? by XaXXon · · Score: 5, Insightful

    no. no. no. RMS is *not* trying to kill a derivative work being distributed under the GPL. You can't put per-seat restrictions on GPL software. The 'problem', in RMS's eyes, is with the non-GPL software that is also being packaged in UnitedLinux. Those pieces CAN be licensed in a per-seat manner. RMS is saying that if everyone licensed their software under the GPL, then distributions wouldn't be able to have restrictive licenses like this.

  7. United Gentoo by jeffphil · · Score: 5, Interesting

    From the (now /.'d) Linux and Main article: the companies will allow source to be downloaded, but not binaries.

    Isn't that what the `emerge united-linux` command will be for?

    I guess Gentoo Linux becomes more and more important everyday.

  8. Re:ego anyone? by CrosseyedPainless · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Actually, he's just urging developers to use the GPL. He's not trying to kill anything, or even discourage participation in it.

    Surprisingly enough, it seems Slashdot screwed up when they said otherwise. Hard to believe.

  9. developer refusal. by larry+bagina · · Score: 5, Funny
    "...He calls upon developers to refuse to allow their work to be used by such a distribution."

    I would refuse to allow my work to be included, but I licensed it under the GPL, so I can't.

    --
    Do you even lift?

    These aren't the 'roids you're looking for.

    1. Re:developer refusal. by huberj · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Insightful, huh?

      RMS says:
      "[...] Free software developers, please don't let them license YOUR program per seat. Use the GNU GPL!"

      The point RMS is making is that this use is NOT permitted under the GPL, so by using the GPL for your own software you are refusing!

      Did you read the article? His statement is only 3 sentences, after all.

    2. Re:developer refusal. by Shelled · · Score: 3, Troll

      Reading the article impedes Karma.

    3. Re:developer refusal. by Erasmus+Darwin · · Score: 3, Insightful
      "Insightful, huh?"

      Yes, insightful. Regardless of the perpetuation of the RMS misquote from the article summary, the actual content of the message is still somewhat relevant. There seem to be a number of people who understand the situation (RMS is pushing the GPL, as typical; UL is presumably only doing the per-seat license on the parts of the distribution they develop from scratch) who are still upset because they feel it's exploiting a loophole in the GPL to build a semi-proprietary gestalt off of free components.

      The comment you responded to essentially points out that this is one of the few cases where the GPL could be seen as having a similar degree of commercial exploitability as the BSD license. The BSD camp is used to accepting this issue in their quest for freedom of the end user, but it's just odd seeing it with the GPL camp and their quest for freedom of the code.

    4. Re:developer refusal. by drinkypoo · · Score: 3, Insightful
      Using the GPL does not disallow them from licensing your program per seat. It does require that they give you the source, though, which will let you un-per-seat-license it.

      Remember, you can sell GPL software, but you must make the source code available. You can sell it under any terms you like; YOU produced the binaries. However, you can do as you like with the source.

      --
      "You're right," Fisheye says. "I should have set it on 'whip' or 'chop.'"
  10. Re:ego anyone? by EllF · · Score: 5, Insightful

    RMS is not actively trying to "kill" anything, and he definately isn't tackling something being distributed "under the GPL". He is making a very intelligent point about the non-GPL'd distribution of binaries that UL intends:

    "[United Linux] cannot restrict the GPL-covered programs in the system [with per-seat licensing], because that would violate the GNU GPL, but the system also contains non-copylefted programs which are points of vulnerability. Free software developers, please don't let them license YOUR program per seat. Use the GNU GPL!"

    That isn't hubris, it's consistency with the same message that RMS has been putting out for as long as I can remember: "Restrictive licensing doesn't respect the non-side-constrained freedom of individuals to do as they see fit with software and source."

    Hurray, it's fun to bash RMS, isn't it?

    --
    We who were living are now dying
    With a little patience
  11. RMS off base? by toupsie · · Score: 4, Insightful
    RMS is griping about a per seat license being charged by the UnitedLinux group. Ok, RMS griping is nothing new, but according to the GPL (as best as I can understand it) as long as the original source code is released with the binaries, UnitedLinux is free to charge a price for their distribution. I have never heard gripes about RedHat or Mandrake selling CDs from RMS. Why should selling binaries with access to the source code be a violation of the GPL? UnitedLinux is not limiting freedom as Microsoft does contrary to the (outrageous) claims of RMS.

    What am I missing? Is UnitedLinux truly as evil as Microsoft for selling a standardized binary set with source code on the side? Or is RMS just tired of capitalism?

    --
    Strange women lying in ponds distributing swords is no basis for a system of government.
    1. Re:RMS off base? by jdavidb · · Score: 3, Insightful

      This is nothing new; Caldera has been doing this since day one. They've also been failing since day one. Most software developers know that if you keep using the same methods you'll keep getting the same results, but Caldera hopes it will be different with a new name.

      Believe it or not, RedHat seems to have a great commitment to freedom. With RedHat and Debian available, I don't see a whole lot of room for other distributions; especially not for non-free ones.

  12. Uh, no... by Otter · · Score: 5, Informative
    He calls upon developers to refuse to allow their work to be used by such a distribution.

    No he doesn't. He calls on developers to use the GPL, so as not to offer distributors a target to make proprietary. Hell, it's only three sentences long -- I'll just quote it:

    "'Licensing per seat' perverts the GNU+Linux system into something that respects your freedom as much as Windows," Stallman said. "They cannot restrict the GPL-covered programs in the system that way, because that would violate the GNU GPL, but the system also contains non-copylefted programs which are points of vulnerability. Free software developers, please don't let them license YOUR program per seat. Use the GNU GPL!"

    Whether or not you agree with this (he seems to suffer from the Slashbot notion that developers who use a BSD license, for instance, are too stupid to realize they're allowing their code to be relicensed instead of grasping that the point is to offer code for use to whoever wants it), it's not as obviously unreasonable as what the writeup suggests.

    1. Re:Uh, no... by Arandir · · Score: 5, Insightful

      he seems to suffer from the Slashbot notion that developers who use a BSD license, for instance, are too stupid to realize they're allowing their code to be relicensed

      As a user of the BSD license, I wondered if Ransom could relicense my code under a per-seat license. The obvious answer is "yes". The not so obvious answer is "yes, but so what?"

      No matter what Ransom does to my code, my copy and my users' copies will still be free. Nothing he can do can alter my cvs repository. Furthermore, the users of Ransom's per-seat version are still going to know that there's a free version out there. That's because Ransom can't remove my copyright or permission notices.

      But what if Ransom makes a derivative of my code and licenses that per-seat? The answer is where RMS and the BSD advocates part ways: code that I didn't write does not belong to me. His derivative bits are not mine and I have no ethical claim over them. His version is not my version. If RMS is correct in saying that "software should not be owned", then derivative software should be owned even less.

      --
      A Government Is a Body of People, Usually Notably Ungoverned
  13. huh? by dirk · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Okay, so this "per-seat licensing" consists of them not offering the binaries for free download. The source will still be "freely available". You will have to pay to get the binaries, and I would assume once you have the binaries, you can freely get the source. Where exactly is the problem here. this is all abiding by the GPL exactly. Nowhere does it say you cannot sell your software, nor does it say you must give your binaries away for free. It says if someone gets the binaries, the source must be available to them (which in this case it will be). Where exactly is the problem here? Oh wait, it's RMS, so the problem must be someone might make money off of software, so he has to object.

    --

    "Information wants to be expensive" - Stewart Brand, the same guy who said "Information wants to be free"
    1. Re:huh? by leandrod · · Score: 3, Interesting

      > Okay, so this "per-seat licensing" consists of them not offering the binaries for free download.

      If it was, it wouldn’t be per-seat. Per-seat means each potential user has to pay to have the right to use. Even if it’s binaries, GNU GPL software can’t have its use restricted in this way. Distributing GNU GPL’d software under such a condition automatically revokes your rights to use and distribute GNU GPL’d software, thus making such lincensing illegal.

      > The source will still be "freely available".

      Unless it’s available in a manner compliant with the GNU GPL, that is not enough.

      > it's RMS, so the problem must be someone might make money off of software

      Don’t put words in anyone’s mouth. RMS doesn’t object to people making money, he (and I) does object to restricting other people’s freedom.

      --
      Leandro Guimarães Faria Corcete DUTRA
      DA, DBA, SysAdmin, Data Modeller
      GNU Project, Debian GNU/Lin
  14. Can you people actually read?? by MullerMn · · Score: 5, Insightful

    It's amazing how many people can't be bothered to read 3 paragraph article before spouting off a complete load of shit about it.

    If you had read the article you would realise that Stallman, contrary to some of the fights he picks, is actually being quite reasonable here.

    What he's saying is that he doesn't approve of the licence, and that authors should beware of licences other than the GPL because they may not protect their work from being kidnapped like this.

    Also, it's worth pointing out that in this case Linux and Main went to Stallman for his opinion, he didn't get on a soap box and force it down anyone's throat.

    --
    Andy

    1. Re:Can you people actually read?? by danro · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Actually, it is not the first time the man makes sense.

      You may or may not agree with his conclusions.
      But if you read what he actually says, he often makes a good point.

      --

      "First lesson," Jon said. "Stick them with the pointy end."
  15. I can't believe what I'm seeing here.. by XaXXon · · Score: 5, Informative

    I've posted a few replies, hoping that some people would catch on to what the article was actually saying, but these comments I'm reading are VERY disheartening.

    We all know that RMS doesn't like non-Free software, where Free means you can modify it, you can use it for any purpose, and you can give original or modified copies to anyone else.

    This new UnitedLinux distribution has a per-seat license. This license can only apply to non-GPL (or similar licenses) components. The people who buy UnitedLinux for their commercial needs can still take the GPL components and do whatever they want with them. The non-GPL components, however, cannot be redistributed. This is what RMS doesn't like.

    What he's saying is that if everyone would distribute their software under the GPL, this type of (partially) non-free distribution wouldn't be possible.

    He is in no way saying that he doesn't like the way his GPL software is being used. He is also not trying to stop other people from distributing GPL software. He's just saying what he's always said: that software should be Free and that non-Free software is bad. Since all the parts of UnitedLinux aren't Free, UnitedLinux is bad.

    This isn't necessarily my opinion, I'm just trying to help get across what RMS is trying to say.

  16. RMS #$#@'d in head head as usual ... by zangdesign · · Score: 3, Funny

    If you read the article, they will be in complete compliance with the GPL - they won't make BINARIES available, but SOURCE CODE will be.

    As for the proprietary software, something has to be done to ensure that they survive. Otherwise, there will be only two Linux companies, and eventually there will only be IBM.

    Sometimes I feel like I'm watching a bad episode of Highlander when I observe the Linux crowd.

    --
    To celebrate the occasion of my 1000th post, I will post no more forever on Slashdot. Goodbye.
  17. Nobody likes GNU / Linux ?! by Taco+Cowboy · · Score: 5, Insightful



    You said:

    "nobody likes the title GNU/Linux, nor uses it"

    Wait a minute here.

    Do you ever use Linux before, or are you just one of those "parrots" that utter whatever others have said ?

    Ever heard of Debian ?

    Do you know that the Debian distribution calls their Linux "GNU/Linux" ?

    It only goes to show how pathetic some of you can really be. None of you have done as much as RMS, and still you pick on that guy just because of the "GNU/Linux" thing.

    Tell you something, sonny, nobody is perfect. Not RMS, nor Ghandi or George Washington.

    Remember the famous quote :

    "Judge not, lest thou be judged"

    The way you ( and others like you ) judge RMS is EXACTLY the way others are judging you. The majority of the OSS people may disagree with RMS's stand on "GNU/Linux", but we DO respect what he has done, and we WILL NOT pick on that guy just for the fun of it.

    If you are really somebody, show us your stuffs, and let the rest of us judge your worth.

    Please stop picking on RMS.

    Thank you !

    --
    Muchas Gracias, Señor Edward Snowden !
    1. Re:Nobody likes GNU / Linux ?! by BluBrick · · Score: 3, Insightful
      Any unconventional viewpoint with which one agrees is termed visionary. Any unconventional viewpoint with which one disagrees is termed eccentric.

      Many great visionaries have been considered eccentric because of a few of their views. Many eccentrics have been considered great visionaries because of a few of their views.

      These two statements cannot be denied.

      RMS is considered a great visionary. RMS is considered an eccentric.

      These two statements cannot be denied.

      RMS is considered an eccentric. RMS is considered a visionary

      These two statements cannot be denied.

      Let's face it, RMS is an eccentric visionary (or perhaps a visionary eccentric). Only RMS, or a mindless idiot, could possibly agree with ALL of RMS' views.

      In the minds of many, the idea of Free Software paints him as a visionary genius, while the GNU/Linux thing paints him as a mouth-foaming, moon-howling loonie. Unfortunately, the whole GNU/Linux thing gets more press than than the Free Software thing.

      Personally, I think that RMS is a nutter, but a nutter that we need.

      I also think that Freedom in Software is more important than recognition for the GNU Project.

      If RMS disagrees with me on that last point, I'd like to see him admit it publicly!

      --
      Ahh - My eye!
      The doctor said I'm not supposed to get Slashdot in it!
  18. Re:ego anyone? by ichimunki · · Score: 5, Insightful
    This is obviously nonsense. First of all, most of the software that he's talking about here is already "free" in the sense of "no incremental cost" to the distribution to include it, much of it licensed using approaches like BSD-style licenses or simply released into the public domain. Those licenses do not prevent the software from being used in this way. If the software were GPLed, it would.

    Second, what you say is entirely unproven. The software economy would not necessarily collapse. It might even get a lot better. We don't know yet because it hasn't been tried. Most of the people engaged in writing software for a living do not write software that ends up shrink-wrapped in a box on a retail shelf. Most developers write custom code for complex one-off applications that, even if the code were GPL, probably wouldn't be very useful except to the customer it was written for.

    In fact, what we might see is a boom of software employment as companies took major packages and hired developers to add bits and pieces that they felt were valuable for their business. Of course, you're right. No one would make money selling software. They would make money writing it.

    --
    I do not have a signature
  19. Re:What the? by Ngwenya · · Score: 3, Interesting

    My take on the article is that RMS is seeing this as Restricting Freedom. Perhaps he's right. Perhaps not. I personally feel he's a loony extremist, who sees the world as Pure Freedom or Total Slavery.

    Well, having met him a couple of times, I'd say that he's an idealist and difficult to see eye to eye with. But a loony extremist? No - he's way too sussed for that. He's just someone who's been in the business for so long, he's seen way too many people got screwed over on this altar of intellectual property.

    However, without more information, I can't tell if the "Per Seat" license covers the 'United Linux' material only, or which. United Linux -needs- to make money. And if a "$50 per seat" license is how they get it, who am I to say its a bad idea. This does not affect me, I don't run any derivative of Linux. (I'm one of those naughty BSD people. boo. hiss.)

    Not naughty at all - there's room for everyone. From what I read about United Linux, there won't be a UL "distribution" - it's more like a compliance statement. That is, write an app and it gets certified for any UL compliant distro. So the per-seat stuff will continue to apply to Caldera, but not necessarily to SuSE, or TurboLinux, or whatever.

    I've got to say that I too think the per-seat crap is doomed to die. It's exactly what so many IT departments buy into M$'s pool-based licensing system to avoid! They have to employ more expensive people just to chase down the licenses. Screw that.

    Personally, I think the whole UL thing is a good idea - but I still see Red Hat dominant a year or two from now (if they can stay in business :-) )

    --Ng

  20. RMS Again by RWarrior(fobw) · · Score: 3, Insightful
    He calls upon developers to refuse to allow their work to be used by such a distribution.

    But he wants people to licence software under the GPL, which allows what Caldera et al are proposing. As long as they supply the source code ...

    It really offends me when people like RMS seem to work to defeat companies like Caldera and SuSE, who have done a great deal for the Linux community, by taking away their revenue stream. By providing me with a Linux distribution, they provide me a valuable service. Yes, I can roll my own if I want to, but the time and effort that a packaged distribution saves me is worth some money to me!

    As long as UnitedLinux complies with the licences of its component parts, neither I nor RMS have any right to bitch about how much the distribution costs.

    The comparison to Microsoft is invalid because there are competing distributions of various prices, from Slackware and Debian on the $0 end to RedHat and Mandrake on the pay end, whereas there is no competition to Windows. If the distribution is done right and works well, market competition will take care of "fair pricing."

    --
    Remove the caps and hold to a mirror.
    1. Re:RMS Again by Bouncings · · Score: 5, Insightful
      The comparison to Microsoft is invalid because there are competing distributions of various prices, from Slackware and Debian on the $0 end to RedHat and Mandrake on the pay end, whereas there is no competition to Windows. If the distribution is done right and works well, market competition will take care of "fair pricing."
      The comparison isn't about price. RMS and the FSF have said time and again that price isn't an issue. You can charge $65,000,000,000 for your Linux distribution and that's fine by RMS and the FSF. The problem is, "per-seat" licensing (which is a very valid comparison to Microsoft, because Microsoft was one of the first companies to introduce such an absurd concept). Per-seat licensing IS in direct violation of the GPL, and a patently Microsoft act -- Microsoft might have even patented that kind of license. :)

      I concur with RMS: Boycott all companies at all involved with per-seating licensing of GPL software.

      --
      -- Ken Kinder ken@_nospam_kenkinder.com http://kenkinder.com/
  21. Selling CDs != per seat licensing by jdavidb · · Score: 5, Interesting

    What you are missing is that the GPL allows (and encourages) selling free software, but it forbids taking away the rights of the recipient to further modify or redistribute the software. Caldera (UnitedLinux, by this philosophy, shows that they are just Caldera; Caldera has always done this) can't get around the GPL so I presume what they are doing is distributing source to all the GPL'd parts of the system and noting your rights in fine print somewhere while adding a few proprietary parts such that the whole integrated product cannot be redistributed and you have to pay a per-seat license. This means you're really just paying the license for a tiny amount of the product and not the whole OS.

  22. None of it? by drew_kime · · Score: 5, Informative
    Licensing the software itself on a per seat basis is absurd. It's not their software to begin with.

    The GPL code isn't theirs, but is that all that's in their distribution? I thought they included a bunch of other software with it. No wait, I know they include a bunch of other stuff with it.

    If you buy Caldera Linux, powered by UnitedLinux, you are free to copy, modify and distribute any of the GPL code that comes with it. If you only purchase the binaries and choose not to accquire the source, it may be difficult to separate the two classes of software (or even identify the difference). But as long as source is provided for all GPL parts I don't see the problem.

    --
    Nope, no sig
    1. Re:None of it? by leandrod · · Score: 4, Insightful

      > If you buy Caldera Linux, powered by UnitedLinux, you are free to copy, modify and distribute any of the GPL code that comes with it.

      You are also free to run it as you like, including let several people access it. That makes a per-seat restriction in GNU GPL a breach of contract.

      --
      Leandro Guimarães Faria Corcete DUTRA
      DA, DBA, SysAdmin, Data Modeller
      GNU Project, Debian GNU/Lin
    2. Re:None of it? by SN74S181 · · Score: 3, Insightful

      But, say (and this is reaching) the init program used by this OS is proprietary, not the GPL'd version. The whole OS falls apart, and/or has reduced value, if the proprietary init binary isn't run. The publisher is certainly within their rights to require per-seat licensing of said proprietary init binary.

      To say otherwise, to claim that the GNU software can ONLY be run on all-GNU platforms, would require the removal of all GNU software from any 'un-pure' OS, and that's just NOT gonna happen anytime soon.

  23. From the United Linux Site Faq by gregm · · Score: 5, Informative

    Which slashdpot doesn't see fit to link to.

    #9
    "Will users be able to download free versions of UnitedLinux for non-commercial uses, similar to how Linux is freely available today?

    Yes, UnitedLinux sources will be made available for free download as soon as version 1 is released. "

    FAQ Frequently Asked Questions
    I doubt very seriously that question was EVER asked. It's a leading question which are generally bad.

    I'm not thinking that the words non-commercial and the GPL go together. It's one thing for them to have a per seat license (which could be ignored as soon as a legitimate buyer re-released all the gpl'ed source), but entirely another thing for them to limit the use of the source to non-commercial use. Suse has done this with Yast since time started but Yast certainly isn't the whole distribution. If this is allowed to happen, Bill G could bundle all the GNU tools with his version of Linux windows as long as he forks over the source to the GNU parts.

    There's a fine line here.... I think United Linux is crossing the line by tying up gpl'ed software in their non-free distro. Yet I see nothing wrong with a distro including non-free software as long as the distro itself remains free. Mandrake seems to be going down this same road to a limited extent.

    Even if United Linux removes the "commercial use" business on the source it'd be trivial to obfuscate the configure parts of the makefiles to make it nearly impossible to figure out how to compile their distro into a useable system.

    I figured the world would find and exploit holes in the GPL, I didn't figure that generally good Linux companies like Suse would. I've used Suse since 5.0 and will now have to think seriously about switching.

    G

    1. Re:From the United Linux Site Faq by Te1waz · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Caldera have been going with 'per-seat licensing' for a while now. I never investigated further as I don't use Caldera.

      However I do use Suse.
      I'd guess the per-seat licensing is more to do with Service Contracts. Downloaded ISO's generally come with no support, this has been true for RH and Mandrake. Bought distros (like the Suse 8.0 Proffessional version I just recently acquired) come with limited installation support and after that - you're on your own.

      Since the United Linux consortium are aiming squarely at Enterprise and commercial custom, they're talking about that sector of the market as it is more likely to be profitable. They are not really interested in the home user.
      I'd guess more Corporations might take an interest in GNU/Linux if 'per-seat licensing' were in place as they'd have a support lifeline.
      Businesses need to have a support agreement (even huge corporations with inhouse knowledge) no support contract or service agreement would leave them vulnerable to problems which might jeopardise continuity.

      I'd seriously doubt they'd strangle the non-enterprise user, they'd have only small change to gain by forcing non-enterprise customers to pay non-seat and too much to loose as a lot of non-enterprise customers are the people who write most of their product.

      I doubt very much GNU/LInux is the core product that brings their revenue. I'd guess their principle resource is the knowledge of their staff.
      But then, that's true for any company.

      --
      From my Autobiography - "Lifestyles of the Sad and Desperate"...
  24. Re:ego anyone? by defile · · Score: 5, Insightful

    In other words, if everyone licensed their software under the GPL, nobody could make any money selling that software. The software economy would collapse, and hundreds of thousands of people in the US alone would be out of work.

    This is a popular misrepresentation of the software industry.

    Most programmers are employed developing custom systems that never leave the buyer's premises. In such cases, software licensing is irrelevant. Only a small fraction of programmers are emplyoed making software that gets sold on a store shelf. The ratio may on average is like 19:1 depending on which job sites/pages you look at, but I suspect it's much higher than that.

    To these programmers, free software is actually a huge benefit. In fact. a good deal of free software also comes from these developers as a by-product of work they do for hire.

    Oh, you meant it can destroy the shrink-wrap software economy? Ho hum. Only Microsoft really makes money doing that anyway. Everyone else must offer service and support on top of that to survive.

    RMS's intentions may be more noble than you think.

  25. /me giggles like a schoolgirl by br0ken+by+design · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Tell you something, sonny, nobody is perfect. Not RMS, nor Ghandi or George Washington.

    There's just something funny about comparing RMS to Ghandi or Washington.

    :wq

    --
    One ring to rule them all. The (_O_) in Goatse.cx
  26. If the GPL is so grand what's he worried about? by sterno · · Score: 5, Insightful

    I guess my thinking here is that the GPL should protect the GPL'd software just fine. If you get a copy of United Linux and want the GPL'd parts of it, you can just pull out those parts. You can get the source code if you like and do what you want with it. If they want to release proprietary parts of the system, that's their business decision to make.

    If it is true that open source software is a better way of doing things, that it is more compelling, then this is a perfect test case for it. What will companies think about paying per-seat licensing and having to manage all the licensing nightmares associated with it when most of what they are buying is under the GPL? Will they look to a more open alternative? Will they even care?

    RMS seems to be fundamentally afraid that all his claims about open source software are wrong. If it's as good as he claims, then why is he worrying about this. United Linux should get steam rolled by higher quality and cost-efficient software from other places.

    --
    This sig has been temporarily disconnected or is no longer in service
  27. No Collapse... by Big+Sean+O · · Score: 3, Interesting

    "Hundreds of thousands of people in the US would be out of work."

    Untrue. You would just have to get job using your skills in real problem domains.

    The shrinkwrapped office productivity software market is done. Excel and Word haven't gotten significantly better since 1997.

    The only interesting shrinkwrapped software nowadays are multimedia (audio, digital video), and web-authoring software. Frankly, these are going to reach a 'good enough' dead-end RSN.

    Games are probably the only category of software which still has a long long path of improvement. IMHO, games have been driving much of the increase in desire for computer power (For example, Black & White won't run on my 2.5 year old iMac, but I can still run all the software I need.)

    The dirty little secret is that once all you hundreds of thousands of people are out of work of all the GPLd software, there will be jobs waiting for you in Government and Industry. These groups will have a little extra money (because they're not paying the Microsoft Tax) and they'll be willing to hire programmers who can solve problems in their own domain. Imagine the brains that have honed Amazon's transformation of bookselling turned on health care record management, or Pre-fire planning, or Building-department workflow.

    And there's also XML. Serious SGML people know the benefit of properly-constructed document. The current wealth of free XML tools will mean that small businesses will be able to apply XML to their knowledge. You think MaryJo in accounting is doing to design an XML invoice schema?

    In other words, the job won't be "writing software to sell", it will be "other stuff with software". You see that in the Microsoft Ads already: "1 degree of separation" isn't about how groovy Word is or how easy WindowsXP is, it's all about how custom-made software will solve your business's problems.

    --
    My father is a blogger.
  28. Re:Will you just leave RMS alone ?! by Ayon+Rantz · · Score: 5, Funny

    But I still find it inspiring he is sticking to his guns.

    You must mean "sticking to his gnus" :)

    --
    Pokéthulhu
    Gotta catch you all!
  29. The Letter But Not Spirit by EXTomar · · Score: 3, Insightful

    I am getting the feeling the issue here goes something like this:

    As the creator/author/maintainer of WidgetApp which is licensed under the GPL, I want everyone to not only use the software freely but contribute to it.

    However because United Linux has this per-seat cost scheme it appears that you pay for the pre-built binaries. While the source code is freely available for you to download and compile yourself even under the United Linux, it makes WidgetApp appear as if the creator/author/mainters of are getting paid for their development. A person buys the seat of United Linux and will automatically believe that a "piece of the pie" is going to all of the contributors. This is a bad thing and not what was intended with the GPL.

    So while they are honoring the letter of the GPL(the source code must be available and is available) it seems to deny the spirit of making useful programs freely available to everyone.

    This whole thing shows a loophole in the GPL which may never be closed. As long as United Linux offers source code for free they can charge per seat for binaries. People who don't want the appearance of being paid are now stuck because of the GPL(ie you can't deny United Linux access to the source any more than you can to you or me or Microsoft).

    Beyond that as another poster pointed, good luck making this buisness model work. This seems to offer more headache and cost more money and will be hard to compete with Red Hat's service structure or Debian's pure free-ness.

  30. Absurd by d3xt3r · · Score: 4, Insightful
    RMS' statement basically contradicts itself. If you release software under the GPL you cannot restrict your work from being distributed in a pay-per-seat distribution - I just isn't feasable.

    All the GPL says is that if you distribute binaries containing GPL'd code, you must make the source code for those GPL'd binaries available under the GPL I am still free to distribute any binaries I created for a fee, as long as I give you the source under the GPL!

    Additionally, a Linux distribution such as SuSE and others, may contain code that is licensed under proprietary licenses. These other applications such as installers, management software, config tools, and other value-added features may be licensed under whatever schema its creator sees fit. Such tools can be licensed on a per-seat basis if chosen.

    If I buy a license for United Linux, I can take any GPL'd software distributed with United Linux and reuse the on 100,000 different machines without paying anyone for that useage.

    I really don't see the problem here. I write GPL'd software. If my software were to be distributed with commercial software that was charged for under a different license I would not have a problem with this! Hell, it's part of the reason I chose to use GPL in the first place!

    Free to use, free to modify, free to redistribute, and free to chage a fee for redistribution!!! RMS, what's the problem here? It is clear to me that if you don't want your work redistributed for a fee, you are using the wrong license!

    1. Re:Absurd by BlueWonder · · Score: 3, Funny
      RMS, what's the problem here? It is clear to me that if you don't want your work redistributed for a fee, you are using the wrong license!

      Huh? RMS is actively encouraging people who redistribute GPL'd software to charge as much as possible.

  31. GNU & RMS are irrelavent by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Insightful


    It's the software which counts. People didn't
    start using emacs and gcc because the license kept them from making proprietary derivatives. They use these programs because the license allows them to use the software for free. People use X11 all over the place, and (surprise!) it doesn't have a strictly GNU license.

    The GNU license is ubiquitous, not because it is on high moral ground, but because it is easy boilerplate to slap on to software projects which noone expects to make money. Back in the day, the equivalent would be to just put some random disclaimer with a statement releasing the code to the public domain. Putting a GNU license on
    something is equivalent to genuflecting at an altar. It's doesn't really require a lot of thought.

    If linux had a BSDish license, RMS and GNU would be a footnote in free (as in beer) software history. It is not GNU which distinguishes Linux, it is Linux. Its own unique mix of features and hype marks it.

    1. Re:GNU & RMS are irrelavent by RGRistroph · · Score: 3, Insightful

      I think that had Linux been under a BSD style license, it would have been less successful. You can search out the opinions of Linus on the matter on groups.google.

      The GPL made writing code a social action -- you could guarantee that your code would always be free, and no one else would ever be confronted with the a myterious black box they couldn't screw with, that contained your stuff. It is about making technology open and transparent.

      On the other hand, if it truly is "the software that counts", why didn't BSD win out over Linux ? Isn't BSD generally conceeded to have many benefits and higher qualities than Linux ?

  32. The economy would expand if software were free by qweqwe · · Score: 3, Insightful

    > The software economy would collapse, and
    > hundreds of thousands of people in the US alone
    > would be out of work.

    Imagine a world where air, water, and sunlight were free. Imagine the economic nightmare. If water were free then all the bottled water producers, utility companies, canteen makers would go out of business. If air were free, all the air purification systems, air conditioners, perfume manufacturers would go out of business. If sunlight were free, all the lamp makers, light bulb makers, flashlight makers, and candle makers would go out of business.

    Of course, this isn't what's happened, at least in my part of the world.

    Why?

    Because even free things need packaging, customization, integration, bugetting, and quality assurance and because it's free, the demand for things increase dramatically. Take water, for instance. If producing water were expensive, people would not need garden hoses because they would not be watering their lawns. They would certainly not use it in water engines and fire hydrants, water cooling jackets, water guns, fountains, and bath products because these things would be too expensive to be useful.

    1. Re:The economy would expand if software were free by jgerman · · Score: 3, Insightful

      nd before you can convince me, you're going to have to do better than yuh-huh. Laws have nothing to do with the value of opinion. There are laws I feel are just and I will choose to follow, and there are those that aren't and I won't. The DMCA is a great example, UCITA is another one. Hiding behind the argument "but it's illegal" means absolutely nothing to me. Simply because it is illegal, does not make it immoral or wrong, it makes it only that, illegal. I'll not feel guilty breaking a law, when my personal code of ethics doesn't forbid the activity.

      --
      I'm the big fish in the big pond bitch.
  33. Re:Hmmm... let me ask a question... by RGRistroph · · Score: 3, Interesting

    If you read the whole GPL, you will find that it says that you cannot distribute it with additional restrictions on the recipient. Which is what one would be doing if they took a copy of GPL'd code, and passed it on with the restriction that the user could only install it on one machine.

    So the GPL does make no claims as to running the program, but it also says that you can't redistribute it with additional restrictions.

  34. What Per-Seat License? by MrResistor · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Where is this per-seat license laid out? I've read a lot of the articles, etc. surrounding this UnitedLinux thing, but nowhere have I seen a per-seat license mentioned by anyone actually involved in the project. What I have seen is a /. post mentioning a somewhat ambiguous phrasing in the UnitedLinux FAQ which could theoretically allow for the possibility that maybe they will use an End User License that is not quite typical of the Free Software Ideal. Nowhere is any specific licensing scheme, per-seat or otherwise, ever laid out, except by the Chicken Littles that have latched onto this ambiguous phrase and determined that the sky is falling. RMS heard the screaming and, without bothering to look up and see if the sky was actually coming down, joined the corus.

    Not that I disagree with the sentiment, quite the opposite. I know that I would go out of my way to not support a Linux vendor using per-seat licensing, and I think we've already seen that most of the Linux community feels the same. Frankly, after the beating Caldera took for bringing up the idea of a per-seat license, I'd be extremely surprised if anyone even considered such a scheme again, especially Ransom Love (he does give the impression sometimes that he just doesn't get it, though, so who knows).

    This per-seat licensing thing is just a totally unsubstantiated rumor! Get over it, people!

    There are plenty of other reasons to complain about the project, though. The fact that it's server only seems to me to be monumentally stupid. Linux seems to be doing just fine in the server market, and I don't see how this standardization effort will make much difference in that arena. Linux on the desktop, however, would derive incredible benefit from an innitiative like this. In fact, the lack of an innitiative like this is really the only thing standing in the way of Linux becoming viable on the desktop. If there were a serious effort to standardize for desktop distros, I bet we'd quickly see some of those missing apps being ported to that standard.

    --
    Under capitalism man exploits man. Under communism it's the other way around.
  35. Gee...now that we know where RMS stands on... by MaggieL · · Score: 3, Interesting

    ..."United Linux", it will be interesting to hear from Linus on the subject. After all, he holds trademark rights in the name "Linux", as I recall.

    --
    -=Maggie Leber=-
  36. Re:Will you just leave RMS alone ?! by Z4rd0Z · · Score: 3, Informative

    I don't think it's because Linux is built with GNU tools that he wants it called GNU/Linux. After all, FreeBSD is also built with some of the GNU tools. But Linux relies on the GNU C library, as well as GNU fileutils, findutils, shellutils, bash, GNU sed, GNU awk, and so forth. Almost all of the Linux userland in a console environment is from GNU. FreeBSD has its own userland. Using GCC to compile your project does not make it GNU in any way.

    --
    You had me at "dicks fuck assholes".
  37. Re:As I said, nobody is perfect. by 10Ghz · · Score: 3, Insightful

    !While on the whole, you are of course entitled to your opinion, but please pardon me for pointing out that WITHOUT the GNU Project, that wouldn't be "Freedom in Software".!

    Which is more important:

    a) to have free software and free Operating System.

    b) to give GNU-project free publicity and recognition

    I believe that point a) is more important. ALOT more important. RMS should be grateful that with Linux, we have free Operating System. Instead of really caring for free software, all he seems to care about is the fame and glory of the GNU-project (which has gotten alot more publicity, thanks to Linux).

    Yes, GNU-software is important part of a Linux-distro. So what? The fact still is that we now have a free OS. Why does it matter to RMS if it's not called GNU/Linux, if it fulfills the goal of FSF and RMS? Because RMS is so fanatic when it comes to the naming-thingy, it seems that it never was about free software, it was about glory and fame for the GNU-project, and he just used free software as a tool to get that fame. We have now free software and OS, RMS should be happy. He's not. He's annoyed because his project didn't get all the fame and glory.

    If it really were about free software, RMS should be extatic that we now have a complete free OS. He's not.

    --
    Lesbian Nazi Hookers Abducted by UFOs and Forced Into Weight Loss Programs - -all next week on Town Talk.
  38. Re:Will you just leave RMS alone ?! by karmawarrior · · Score: 3, Insightful

    then why doesnt he advocate the use of the term "GNU/FreeBSD" or the generalized "GNU/*BSD"

    Because the BSDs use the BSD user-land. Most have a few tools from the GNU project, but essentially the userland is the BSD core and BSD will work without any of the GNU tools being installed at all.


    It's that simple. Take the GNU operating system. Add the Linux kernel (because the GNU kernel, HURD, wasn't ready when Linux was written). What do you have?


    If you're a Slashdot AC troll, GNU + Linux = Linux. If you're RMS, Deborah or Ian, me, or half a dozen other people who feel that credit should be given where credit is due, it's GNU/Linux. BSD is BSD, it isn't GNU + anything, therefore it doesn't have GNU in the title.


    It would be perfectly possible, incidentally, to create a BSD/Linux, which uses the BSD Init (no, Slackware's is not the same thing), uses the BSD Login and getty routines, logins boot into ASH or KSH, etc. I wish someone would, the Linux kernel has so much support, and the BSD userland is just so logical and pleasant to use.


    (Incidentally, how long before this gets modded down? Every time I post anything remotely of the "RMS is not an eye-swivelling loony" variety I get modded down. It's very disheartening, and a somewhat ludicrious position when agreeing with the person who has done more for the free software community than any other living person (not to mention, though he'd hate it being said, the open source community too), is opening yourself up to accusations of trolling and flamebaiting.)

    --
    KMSMA (WWBD?)
  39. Re:GNU/Linux by Zeinfeld · · Score: 4, Insightful
    In VMS you will have to consult the manual for "TYPE" to find out that it has the option "/PAGE". Now, it might be a common convention, but are you really sure every program has a "/PAGE" option?

    I can't think of any that does not. But if you really want to you can always run BASH as your VMS shell. On the other hand you can't run the VMS shell on a UNIX box for reasons explained below.

    VMS does have equivalent mechanisms to pipes. However I must say that I have never found pipes to be especially usefull. Sure it is cute to be able to do ls * | grep foo. However at least 95% of the times I need to use a pipe in UNIX it is to construct a command feature that VMS provides for free.

    Small tools fitting well together strikes me as something more fitting for the label of "logical", than something that is user-friendly only for beginners, and becomes a mess for more advanced users.

    The difference between VMS and UNIX is how the tools are structured. In UNIX the command line handling is built into each program separately, so each command has code to extract flags and deal with them. If you want to change the flag assignments you have to recompile the program.

    In VMS each command has a CLD definition that specifies the command, the arguments, program file to run etc. This has a lot of useful side effects, if you want to find out the arguments for any VMS command you can enter the command VERB [Command] to dump out the CLD definition.

    This structure has a lot of advantages, not least being that if you want to produce a french language version of VMS you can. You can also generate GUI interfaces that will work with any VMS shell command, they simply query the CLD interface to find out all the commands supported and the arguments supported. The GUI will then work with new commands written after it, or user defined commands.

    VMS was certainly not a beginner system, the expertise level of you average VMS user is likely to be much higher than that of your average UNIX user. Just because UNIX is dreadful for beginners does not mean it is good for experts. JCL is also dreadful for beginners but only JCL jocks think it is a powerful and elegant system, most impartial observers think that CP/M and MSDOS were a marked improvement over JCL.

    --
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