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Linux Powers First Handheld Software Radio

An anonymous reader writes "According to this article at LinuxDevices.com, Vanu Technology is demonstrating what it claims represents the world's first handheld 'software radio' using an iPAQ PDA running Linux at a conference in Washington DC today. Vanu apparently has implemented the signal processing functions on the iPAQ's XScale processor, and their software uses POSIX APIs to make it platform independent. Software radios implement multiple radio standards and frequency bands in software, rather than hardware. A standard iPAQ expansion pack houses the radio transceiver."

46 of 161 comments (clear)

  1. So when can I get it for my Zaurus SL-5600? by gschwim · · Score: 2, Offtopic

    This would add even more value to the already wonderful Z.

  2. Call me old fashioned... by craenor · · Score: 2, Insightful

    But I think transistors have been handling that whole portable radio thing just fine without Linux to help them. Sorry.

    1. Re:Call me old fashioned... by swtaarrs · · Score: 2, Insightful

      And transistors/other solid state analog circuits are considerably more stable than Linux, or any operating system for that matter.

    2. Re:Call me old fashioned... by seann · · Score: 3, Funny

      Don't be sorry that you're an elitist mother fucker. :)

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    3. Re:Call me old fashioned... by evilviper · · Score: 2, Interesting

      One of the benefits of software defined radio is that you can tune in any number of channels simultaneously...

      This would have many uses in the high-end radio communication field. Although I'm not sure anyone really needs a handheld version...

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    4. Re:Call me old fashioned... by YellowElectricRat · · Score: 5, Insightful

      You're looking at this from the wrong level - this thing still has all the hardware to receive RF, the funky thing is that the radio demodulation/modulation et al is programmable. At the band's this is running at, it's not so interesting, but once you get up to 900MHz (and later at 2.4GHz+), you essentially have a device that can communicate with any RF device on its supported bands.

      What this means (in the future, with 2.4GHz+ capable devices) is that one device (be it your PDA, mobile phone, PCMCIA card) can be a GSM phone, can be a CDMA phone, can be a 3G phone, can be a CB/commercial/police radio receiver, it could even be used for 802.11b or Bluetooth. The possibilities for software radio are mind boggling. Linux is really irrelevant in the scheme of things, it's essentially just used to bolt the stuff together - it's the underlying technology that is impressive.

    5. Re:Call me old fashioned... by trenton · · Score: 3, Insightful
      I'm pinning my hopes on software to revolutionize the entire wireless industry. And by entire, I mean anything with a processing unit and transceiver.

      For example, with software radio, cell phone manufacturers can make the guts of one phone and sell it in every market in the world. Equipment providers can make one cell phone tower, and use it everywhere. Wanna upgrade to a new standard? No problem. Distribute new software to the handsets and base stations and you're done. Imagine being able to roll out a new protocol to take advantage of just-made-available spectrum instantly.

      Your one cell phone could act as a wireless ethernet adaptor, a bluetooth adaptor, an FM radio, an AM radio, a VHF radio, whatever! The promise of this technology is incredible.

      --
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    6. Re:Call me old fashioned... by afidel · · Score: 4, Funny

      The possibilities for software radio are mind boggling.

      And the short length of time your batteries will last will boggle the mind even more. Using a general purpose CPU to do all of that comm stuff would use many times more power then dedicated ASIC's. To find out how much this would suck, insert an 802.11b card into the PC Card sleeve on an iPaq, do a constant ping, and run an app that utilized 100% cpu.

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    7. Re:Call me old fashioned... by GoRK · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Erm.. No. That's not technically true.

      Although one of the little whiz-bang demos of software radio generally involves tuning two FM radio stations or something at the same time, there's nothing particularly unique about a software-defined radio that makes it possible. Couple the right wideband receiver with the right circuts to do some off-center modulation and you could build an analog radio that would tune a couple stations at the same time too.

      It's simply a question of how much bandwidth you can tune simeotaneously, how much bandwidth each component signal occupies, and the wideband rx having enough definition to clearly modulate a signal that it is not directly tuned to receive.

      Some of these issues are really going to be stickers with bringing software-defined radios to the general market on a large scale. Yes, in theory a software defined radio might be able to tune AM, FM, HDTV, 802.11b and every cellular protocol ever, but actually producing the analog part that could do the RF job for that software radio would be a real trick indeed! The radio in this article, for instance, only does 100-400MHz or so.

      Let's get some good software-defined antennas going here (Phased Gate Array antennas have some good promise here), and perhaps some software-defined RF electronics (think the analog equivalent of an FPGA) and then we'll really be in business for this software-defined junk!

      ~GoRK

    8. Re:Call me old fashioned... by amorsen · · Score: 2, Informative
      To quote the PDF:

      The RF-to-digital block is implemented as a card that covers the frequency range from 30 MHz to 2.5Gz
      Later:
      The RF card contains several antenna ports. The active port can be selected through software to enable use of different antennas for different bands, or multiple can be activated for applications that exploit diversity.
      It seems that they have the analog part pretty much handled.
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  3. Comment removed by account_deleted · · Score: 2, Informative

    Comment removed based on user account deletion

  4. Cost by Echelon309 · · Score: 4, Informative

    This looks really cool, but it seems that the cost will be prohibitive for people who just want to listen to the radio. As the article mentions, the ability to operate on many different formats is probably more geared towards industry uses. Oh, and of course it will save lives because emergency response teams will be able to communicate better ;)

  5. irony by SHEENmaster · · Score: 2, Insightful

    We developed compressed audio formats to combat the mindless crap that makes it onto the radio.

    Now we are using a processor with many million transistors to take the place of a single transistor radio. Anyways, this is a cool accomplishment, with or without a practical application.

    --
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    1. Re:irony by ocelotbob · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Ah, but therein lies the rub. this does have useful applications; it's a transceiver, not just a receiver. Thus, you can use this as a packet modem/whatever. Think long range wireless and the like; it'll be a toy for most at first until someone plays with it enough to use everything a good wireless connection can provide.

      --

      Marxism is the opiate of dumbasses

  6. One of the concerns by Froze · · Score: 5, Interesting

    of software radio is the ability to modify the code and tromp all over someone elses legally protected frequency range. Some of the big nonos include sending on ATC (air traffic controll) frequencies and numerous other military and civil service bands.

    Someone corect me if I am wrong, but couldn't the transceiver be built with hardware filters on those bands and thus sidestep the issue of broadcast interference? I know this is not as nice as having a fully programmable software radio transmitter, but otherwise I really don't see the FCC granting any kind of production licensing for these.

    Anyone else have solutions to this dilemma?

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    1. Re:One of the concerns by Zeebs · · Score: 4, Insightful

      ... Anyone else have solutions to this dilemma?

      I sure do, off-shore production and smuggling operation. If I want to wreak havoc and chaos it is my god given consitiutionally protected right to do so.

      Ahem... Excuse me, what I ment to say was that it's only a tool. You know guns don't have special attachments on their sights so you can only shoot in-season game. Hold the user responsible, not the maker or the tool.

      --

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  7. But.... by Cali+Thalen · · Score: 3, Funny

    Yeah, but does it run Li... ...oh, never mind....

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  8. Re:PCI Card for computer? AM Too? by z84976 · · Score: 3, Informative

    You really don't want to try to get AM inside a computer. It's so full of nasty EMI you'll just get a head full of static and pops and buzzes.

  9. Is it a real "plus" ? by chrispy666 · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Unless the software solution offers significant improvements/advantages (like super fine tuning, rms, ta, like the stuff on the car audio tuners) and catching international radio stations, I just don't really see the point of having linux in something that works great as it is already (i.e., the old fashioned way)...

    --
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    1. Re:Is it a real "plus" ? by dr_dank · · Score: 3, Funny

      significant improvements/advantages (like super fine tuning, rms, ta, like the stuff on the car audio tuners)

      Lets not get carried away. Theres NO way Stallman will fit in the box.

      --
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    2. Re:Is it a real "plus" ? by Alsee · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Unless the software solution offers significant improvements/advantages (like super fine tuning, rms, ta, like the stuff on the car audio tuners) and catching international radio stations

      The advantage is that someone can post code on the internet for things like super fine tuning, rms, ta, or catching international stations. Then you just download it and BAM, you have a radio with that feature.

      You can download cellphone code, or beeper code, or video-cellphone code, or SMS, or GPS, or a radio controller for that toy remote-control car you have.

      The REAL advantage is that you'll be able to download stuff that hasn't even been invented yet.

      -

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  10. Re:PCI Card for computer? AM Too? by evilviper · · Score: 2, Informative

    Bah! Sheilding is very very easy. How many people here have PCI TV-Tuner cards that also recieve FM? A whole $0.05 of tin to sheild the analog parts of the system, and everything is fine.

    That's the one redeeming quality of computers over every other electronic device, at least they are adequately sheilded. You will probably get more interference from your TV set than you computer.

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  11. Hmmmm....so does this mean..... by flyneye · · Score: 2, Funny

    radios in software......instead of hardware....*scratches head*
    so listening in on cop band and other unautorized channels could be a few lines of code away then...
    nah too f***ing good to be true.some biatch with a herfgun come along and take it out anyway*continues daydreaming*

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  12. CF version? by Derg · · Score: 2, Interesting
    Is there the possibility of turning what currently fits into a iPaq addon into a CF card? That, imho, would be a really killer device..

    just a poor geeks dream...

    --
    I'm a little tea pot.
    1. Re:CF version? by afidel · · Score: 2, Informative

      No this uses the huge sleeve addon for the iPaq, it's about 3/4 as thick as the iPaq and the same in all of the other dimensions.

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  13. Expansion pack by Stonent1 · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Isn't it just a pcmcia interface? So potentially this item could be reproduced for a laptop computer?

    1. Re:Expansion pack by afidel · · Score: 3, Informative

      Well the current prototype is the size of the entire PC-Card sleeve for the iPaq so I don't think it's quite ready for even Type 3 PC Card form factor.

      --
      There are 4 boxes to use in the defense of liberty: soap, ballot, jury, ammo. Use in that order. Starting now.
  14. Yup :-) by sonamchauhan · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Funny you say that... http://www.linradio.com/

    This is a software-defined-radio PCI card.

  15. Get with it, dude by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Funny

    Holy cheeses, man, who the hell wants to listen to a $5 transistor radio when you can hear the same thing on $1500 worth of uber-geek gear?

  16. Re:reminds me of my old heath kit by sixdotoh · · Score: 2, Informative
    ham radio is still alive and kicking, i believe, although obviously not with the same popularity. i have at least 1 friend, and another online friend, that are into ham radio.

    thanks for a new vocab word too ;)

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  17. Re:w00t by jsse · · Score: 4, Informative

    If you've read the article, it's not just an reinvention of wheel:

    According to Vanu, unlike traditional hardware radios, which are limited to one specific type of communication service, "software radio" technology enables a single wireless device to implement multiple radio standards and frequency bands, thus eliminating the ened for multiple hardware radios when communication with multiple radio services is required.

    Check the local hardware shop. A hardware with comparable functionalities is very expensive. I'm sure the manufacturer has targeted this specific market segment correctly.

    Compare it with a home-use radio is just like comparing a professional camera with an instant-camera.

  18. not just an fm receiver... by KingJeremyTheWicked_ · · Score: 5, Informative

    Someone else got it right. This is more like being able to configure a particular device to do any wireless standard without requiring custom RF hardware, ASICs, and DSPs to do the signal processing and modulation/demodulation for each technology it handles. All the protocols and such (if we're talking about something like a GSM/TDMA/CDMA phone) would already be handled in software anyway. It's the low layer h/w receiver, transmitter, and signal processing (i.e. radio) stuff that's expensive to design and build and fit into portable devices. It sounds like this is their reference design and probably their intention is to try and license this technology to PDA and mobile phone makers.

  19. next privacy issue? by torre · · Score: 4, Interesting
    What exists to stop this from becoming the next supper scanner?...

    The current configuration of the device is said to support commercial analog FM radio services, including Family Band Radio as well as the public safety APCO 25 digital standard, with future prototypes under development that will include operational capabilities of up to 900 MHz and support for cellular and PCS standards such as TDMA and GSM.

    With such a huge frequency range under its belt and the fact that it's all process via software all it needs is some voice recognition software and it could become the ultimate scanner/big brother toy. Simply put, you enter a few key words, and it scans the airways for you looking for them until it finds them and either logs it or tunes you into it. The NSA has had stuff like this for listening in on international call, but I don't know if I like the idea of my neighbour being able to selectively listen in on my calls especially with such power...

    me->Hi I'd like to buy blah
    staff-> will that be Visa or MasterCard
    me-> Visa...
    person with smart scanner->Chaching!

    1. Re:next privacy issue? by torre · · Score: 3, Informative
      "Anybody with $0.30 in their pockets can order the parts necessary to eavesdrop on your phone call with hardware. Why is it scarier that you can do it in software?"

      First off I'd like to see you make a pcs decoder for $0.30 seeing that its a digital signal.

      Secondly, its not scarier in software per say... but rather the automation that can be done. Just like spammers can send out millions of emails each night with a few machines hooked up to the net, so too can this make it too easy to use. With just a few scanners automatically looking over the 49 Mhz (old cordless), 900 Mhz cordless, 800Mhz cell phones, PCS standard frequencies such as TDMA and GSM and any other private band increases the odds of finding something... Now mount this into a truck and drive it into a residential location or a really busy business location and poof.. with a twenty of these little babies with voice recognition aided scanning they could easily scan airwaves looking for potential targets... Its bad enough one person may be able to listen in... Its another once things get automated. You run a much bigger chance of being on the receiving end of privacy invasion.

      To drive my point in... say these things (all numbers are fictitious to illustrate point) end up costing 40 bux in parts each. Now, somebody with a clue with the potential adds keyword voice recognition scanning (which includes a vast amount of freely available information to aid this just like the link I posted in my post) to the software so they can listen in and start recording once they find a specific keyword.

      Now the scary part..
      A typical $1000 PC say can handle 10 of them per machine...that's $1400 to scan 10 channels at a time. You add 10 PC in the back of truck for 14000 and you can scan 100 channels at time for useful information... if there's nothing on a particular channel say somebody hung up, it could always hunt for open channels... So they guy with this truck parked on the street in the middle of wall street drinking his latté now has all the inside trading information that he wants and retires with such a small investment.

      Technology is a great thing... but with such power the old saying applies. Power corrupts, absolute power corrupts absolutely.

    2. Re:next privacy issue? by torre · · Score: 2, Interesting
      "Dude I can't get voice recognition to work reliably when fed by a voice cancelling headphone on a 1.2Ghz machine and a couple hours of training,..."

      Funny.... I've had reliable keyword recognition since way back in '95 via my P133 and IBM via voice on OS/2 and the Mwave dsp addon board. Keyword isn't that big of a deal (relatively that is) if your selected vocabulary is relatively small. Keyword voice recognition is an almost solved problem and is used often from automated phone systems with amazing accuracy given poor signal quality. The automated collect call system's come to mind as a simple example. I have seen more complicated systems in work which are currently in research and some of the toolkits are open sourced if I'm not mistaken (would have to check to be sure)

      As for difficulty.... that's not difficult at all seeing that the goal of the project is to ultimately provide that functionality.

      from they're website
      "IS-136, IS-95, GSM
      A complete cell phone implementation"

      All some interested party has to do is take they're freely available cell phone friendly code when it comes up make some modifications so that the signal is piped through a keyword recognizer instead of the speakers and poof... Its not as hard as you claim when sooo many people are willing to give you what you need.

      "It would cost a lot more than $14K to do this over 100 channels."

      As for cost, first of all I was using fictitious numbers as I stated... but seeing that you've brought up cost as unrealistic... I'll bring more realistic number and now overestimate. First, the paper associated with the article states that a dual 2Ghz machine could handle upto 32 GMS channels.. so.. lets see... lets say it costs $100 (which is probably being conservative) in Radio shack hardware to make the hardware to support 1 channel seeing that they say it only requires fairly inexpensive hardware... that's 3200 for 32 channels. Now add an overpriced Dell dual CPU server @ 3,444. now to get 96 channels it would cost you $19,932. Now, the average person could dig up a dual machine for less than 2000 with similar spec (minus scsi)... so realistically.... It be more like $15,600 which isn't that far off from my original $14k fictitious guess.

      "Now targeted scanning could be a problem, but then maybe I can get my freaking cellular provider to turn on basic GSM encryption (phone supports it but none of the cell sites in the US do AFAIK)."

      Unfortunately encryption won't end up being much of a stopping stone. It however will probably be the hardest part to deal with. There's a couple of ways that could be thwarted. 1. with so many distributed system for encryption breaking, a brute force could be used, not elegant... but hey... it works... 2. social engineering could be used to gain access to the information... Its certainly not the first time that a provider's phone password has popped up on the net. 3. if the original purpose of the system trickles down to the cellphone/pda... then you could simply walk up to your service provider and ask them to set it up, and voila you know have the encryption key.

      I could keep circumventing different ideas all night.... And that's what's scary... cell phone scanners currently exist but are really pricey. Adding the cost of one sc

    3. Re:next privacy issue? by Cyberdyne · · Score: 2, Informative
      Besides, GSM was implemnted properly and the channel is considered open to eavesdropping. So all communications are cyphered with a session key, negociated with the network.

      Unfortunately, that key takes Here is a page talking about it: both A5/1 and A5/2 are trivial to crack - probably significantly easier than receiving the radio signal itself!

      ISTR France insisted on limiting GSM's crypto strength; at the time the standards were being written, their crypto laws made US export restrictions seem positively libertarian! (Remember when browsers came in three crypto strengths - US domestic [128 bit], export [40 bit] and French [no crypto at all]?) I can't see any obvious reports on this in Google, but Lucky Green has some, er, "suspect" results - for example, the GSM key generation is deliberately crippled. (10 of the 64 bits are hard-wired to 0...) GSM was certainly designed with priorities other than the user's privacy...

  20. Re:PCI Card for computer? AM Too? by Montag2k · · Score: 2, Funny
    You really don't want to try to get AM inside a computer. It's so full of nasty EMI you'll just get a head full of static and pops and buzzes.
    So how do you tell the difference between that and Rush Limbaugh?
  21. Yeah - it's call the FCC by rfmobile · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Yeah - it's called the FCC and includes the process of type acceptance for a manufacturer to sell or even advertise radio equipment.


    Anyone can purchase a transmitter or two-way radio and begin transmitting without a license on top of legit communications.

    This is an old problem with an old solution. Do a 'net search for "Riley's Hammer" ...


    For an example of this in action see fcc.gov
  22. Re:PCI Card for computer? AM Too? by Wordsmith · · Score: 2, Funny

    He's full of something ...

  23. Re:reminds me of my old heath kit by Nonillion · · Score: 2, Informative

    Hey! I resemble that remark. Ham radio is still alive and kicking. Hams are just as much geeks as any other computer geek. Some of us (like me) enjoy computers and amateur radio. I have spent many thousands of dollars in ham gear and many thousands of dollars in computer gear. The only difference is not only will my ham radio gear work without the internet, but it will hold it's value far longer than any of my computer equipment. DSP radios are not new, our local group here is working on a DSP based data radio. Other groups like TAPR sell a DSP radio kit.

    --
    "I bow to no man" - Riddick
  24. The point is... by munter · · Score: 4, Insightful
    Eliminating government control of spectrum.

    You guys are all missing the point. If you have a software radio you have something that is inherently able to adapt to the spectral environment that it currently "sees". Develop logic that deals with interference, and you've eliminated the concept of management bands and spectrum management agencies. You've essentially automated the process that these agencies seek to fufill, and you've eliminated the politics, lobbying mechanisms and the grip that the old world broadcast industry has on the raw resource that should be essentially free for everyone to use.

    Some people may argue that you've taken revenue (licensing) away from central government. That is true. But my belief is that Central Government should be focussing on developing innovative smart technology rather than maintaining archaic processes. Revenue through process rather than red-tape.

    Are radiowaves the electromagnetic equivalent of GNU bandwidth?

    Check here and here for clue.

    somewhere in texas, a village is missing it's idiot

  25. Winmodem of radio by amorsen · · Score: 3, Informative
    These things are the radio equivalent of winmodems - cheap frontend with an already-available processor. They have the potential to get really really cheap, just like winmodems. And like winmodems, in the beginning the processing power needed is annoyingly high. These days noone care that 2% of the CPU is spent on the winmodem. One day, noone will care that 10% of the CPU is spent on software radio. Instead they will love how they can get access to WLAN, bluetooth, and cellular with one simple and cheap device. Oh and listen to radio, whether analog or digital.

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  26. Patent it NOW! by Ja-Ja-Jamin · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Before some LLC patent leach does!

  27. Its not the first... by excessive · · Score: 3, Informative
    It is not the first software radio

    Besides which, GSM mobile phones typically use they're processing power to allow them to do fast frequency hopping, etc.

  28. SDR has been done, but not this small by mrFur · · Score: 2, Interesting
    SDR has been done before. WinRadio has a "DC to Daylight" receiver that fits on a PCI card, and allows you to play with the demodulation. A lot of amateurs are working are working with this, and one gives you the VB source for the demodulator with a pretty front end. (I don't want to /. him, so look for SDR-1000 at Google).

    The interesting part of this is that it was built into a hand-held computer for the first time, and the practical implementation means that any new radio service is a software upgrade. Think back to the Telco's when call display came out. Instead of upgrading the phones, they had to upgrade the entire network just for a service. This is an infrastructure for radio like the Internet, where services are layered over the basic medium.

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  29. Re:So this doesn't count? by Alsee · · Score: 2, Insightful

    tkcRadio [thekompany.com] doesn't count then?

    Nope.

    This article is about a fully programmable communication device. Listening to the radio is just one program. Load up a different program and you have a cellphone, or a beeper, or a TV, or a wireless access point, or a CB.

    Just doenload a new program off the internet and it becomes a garage door opener if you want.

    -

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