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Introduction to Debian

[vmlinuz] writes "SitePoint has an article that I wrote that introduces Debian and has guidelines on installing it. This could be usefull for managers, new users and other people that may be interested in using Debian." And honestly, who among us isn't interested in using the obviously superior Linux Distribution against which there can be no other contenders? (Oh dear god don't flame me! It's a joke people!)

21 of 374 comments (clear)

  1. The first person to mention by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

    Gentoo is gonna get modded down.

    1. Re:The first person to mention by polyomninym · · Score: 5, Informative

      Hey, don't forget Knoppix.

    2. Re:The first person to mention by KrispyKringle · · Score: 4, Informative
      The installation may be terrible, but the great thing about Debian is you almost certainly will only have to do it once. That's the whole focus on stability, maturity, security thing.

      Plenty of other otherwise excellent OSes have difficult or non-user-friendly installations. FreeBSD is a good example. But it gets the job done, it isn't really that hard if you RTFM, and once you are finished you have a far superior OS to Mandrake (in my opinion).

      No, Debian isn't going to be on the desktop of Windows users anytime soon. That's a position most likely to be filled by RedHat or Mandrake. But not just because of the installation; desktop users want features and bleeding-edge more than code maturity or stability. Debian doesn't even have KDE3 in the stable tree yet. So while a nicer installation may be nice, the kind of users Debian targets don't really need it.

    3. Re:The first person to mention by ax_42 · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Sorry but Debian installation is a pain in the ass. The average user can't install it.


      a) That is an (old) prejudice, the Debian install is pretty easy by now (including the tasklist --- if you want X, then click "X-Windows".

      b) "Pain in the ass" to the average user means full control for me. Debian will give you a tight, small system by default. The amount of software that Mandrake tries to call a "basic install" is scary.

      c) Debian will give you a very happy text-only system if necessary. Again, this may be a pain in the ass for the "average user" but I prefer the command line, thanks.

      What I love about Debian is that you can start with a very basic install which I can expand as much or as little as I want. Painlessly. For example, I can take my console only system, type "apt-get install gimp" and have all required libraries etc installed automatically (and working).

      Mandrake is about the lowest common denominator, Debian is about control.
    4. Re:The first person to mention by stefanlasiewski · · Score: 5, Interesting

      The average user can't install it.

      a) That is an (old) prejudice, the Debian install is pretty easy by now (including the tasklist --- if you want X, then click "X-Windows".


      Debian is a superior distro in many, many ways. I can't argue with your points b) and c), but a) is wrong. Debian is a pain in the ass to install.

      I have an old AMD K2 box here. It's a practice box that I got from a friend. I opened it once. It's now tucked under my desk under a pile of other stuff.

      I installed RedHat on it a few weeks ago. RedHat autodetected almost everything: The network card, video card, hard drives. Not perfect, but it was actually easier to install then Win2k. It took 2 hours total, and I was away from the computer for 80% of the time.

      I'm installing Debian on it today. I'm on try #3, and have spent 3 hours flipping back to my primary computer and reading documentation. I'm still on CD #1.

      Debian can't automatically find the drivers for network card, will only give me the option to reformat hdb and not hda (I booted to an emergency disk and used fdisk to destroy the partions on hda. Now debian sees hdb. Go figure.),

      My fear is that I will have to drag the computer out from under the desk, open it up, write down make and model numbers. I just wanted a 1 hour project to do while eating breakfast... I have a million things to do today, and don't feel like spending my Sunday morning choking on dust, scraping my hand on the case and searching for obscure installation hints on the internet with my primary computer.

      --
      "Can of worms? The can is open... the worms are everywhere."
  2. Sweet Jesus Malda! by Nidhogg · · Score: 5, Funny

    *dives for the bunker*

    You know you can't say something like that around here!

  3. I thought the beauty of open source was... by zubernerd · · Score: 4, Insightful

    to quote the article: "There is a distinct possibility that some Linux vendors may close up shop, change their business direction or adjust their practices in some other way. Thus, the distribution you use today may not be around in 10 years. "
    I thought the beauty of open source was that even if the original author (be it a natural person(s) or a company) decides to no longer support a project that the source is there for you to look at and provide your own support.

    --
    Accentuate the positive, don't waste your mod points on the negative.
  4. A Joke?! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Funny

    No, here's a joke.

    How many Debian users does it take to change a lightbulb?

    Just one, but he has know how to apt-get install liblightbulb1. apt-get install light-switch-client if you want to be able to turn it on.

  5. MOD PARENT DOWN by Adam9 · · Score: 5, Funny

    Read the parent to understand why.

  6. Superior Linux Distribution by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Insightful

    And honestly, who among us isn't interested in using the obviously superior Linux Distribution against which there can be no other contenders? (Oh dear god don't flame me! It's a joke people!)

    Well if debian could get their installer and hardware detection right I don't know how far off that statement would be :-) Debian just needs to get over the fear of anything new, such as anything graphical. Judging by unstable it looks like they are moving in the right direction.

    1. Re:Superior Linux Distribution by Lobsang · · Score: 4, Informative

      I use Debian and I really like it. A very welcome departure from the nightmare RedHat has become.

      Yet, I agree with you. The installer is a pain in the arse. Bear in mind however that I only installed Debian once. All the other installations were "cloned" from the original one.

      In any case, I'd love to see Knoppix HW detection routines incorporated into Debian. Knoppix is a killer in this area.

  7. Re:On a similar note, by blakestah · · Score: 5, Informative

    I'd like to be able to pin the newest KDE/gnome/whatever to stable and do an apt-get upgrade without breaking a million things.

    You can pin the newest KDE/gnome/whatever to unstable. Newest always goes in unstable first. Unstable is pretty cutting edge, but with an occasional hiccup.

    The point of stable is that it works. Things go there after they are 'tried and true' in unstable, and then in testing.

  8. Another way to try debian... by Rinikusu · · Score: 5, Interesting

    For those turned off or scared away by the debian install process (which still seems stuck in the 90's. Jesus, did I just say that?), grab a Knoppix CD.

    No, seriously. I don't run debian primarily because I don't want to go through the install process. I don't know what chipset my nic has, and I really don't care to know, know what I mean? Ditto with everything else.

    I've been using flavors of RedHat, culminating with Redhat9 that's currently my Linux of "choice", mainly because Redhat offered superior hardware detection/setup. But, I've always had to tweak a bit here and there to get it working nicely.

    However, with the advent of Knoppix, I think that's about to change. I popped in Knoppix 3.2 today for the first time to see what it was all about. The hardware detection on this LIVE CD is absolutely.. superb. It recognized and setup my Orinoco Wireless card. It found and mounted my Sony Cybershot Camera. Jesus, it even found and setup my Wacom! The only thing it didn't do was give me dual-head support OOB, but I don't think I know any distro that does that. But that's okay, fortunately I know how to set that up myself. It comes with KDE, it looks great, it just WORKS. And because it "just works" I'm really tempted to wipe RedHat off and do the HD install of this.

    Some notes that I've come across, though: As Knoppix uses a special blend of testing/unstable (or something like that), it's really hard to do dist-upgrade and what not without downgrading your desktop. I heartily recommend reading through the docs at the Knoppix website and finding out what issues may remain. As a desktop Debian based distro, though, I think Knoppix just plain rules.

    --
    If you were me, you'd be good lookin'. - six string samurai
    1. Re:Another way to try debian... by martinde · · Score: 4, Interesting

      > the only difference is its RPMs and Redhat instead of .deb and Debian.

      Now, I haven't installed from "freshrpms" so take my statements with a grain of salt, but... Past experience says that Debian has at least three big advantages over RedHat:
      - Almost every significant (and many not-so-significant) free software program is part of the official distribution, integrated with the menu system, mailcap system, configuration database, etc.
      - The installation of most packages tries to help you get a working configuration (by asking you questions) out of the box. People often find this confusing, but many find it preferable to having something like "sendmail" installed but broken.
      - Upgrading anything but the kernel itself does not involve rebooting, and your configuration is generally either left alone, or migrated with some help from you. (And most packages that can't do one of those tell you "I'm broken, please read [whatever help file]" so you have a chance of doing something about it.)

      Until you've lived in Debian (and perhaps another OS) and maintained a machine for some period it's hard to appreciate these things. I've got a machine that has been migrated to the latest and greatest since around 1996, and not had a fresh install in this time. It's had uptimes of hundreds of days, and just chugs along, secure and doing it's job.

      If running RedHat with "freshrpms" is like that, more power to you, and I'm glad RH has caught up. Otherwise you might want to give Debian a try. If you find the install confusing, as others have suggest, Knoppix makes a fine installer for Debian.

  9. Re:Why bother? by Tyler+Eaves · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Unstable really isn't that bad. No worse than Gentoo for example.

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    TODO: Something witty here...
  10. Re:Installer by Tyler+Eaves · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Almost right.

    The install is fine.

    It's dselect that sucks.

    --
    TODO: Something witty here...
  11. The best way to meet linux. by este · · Score: 5, Interesting

    My own experience with Debian:

    I have a number of longtime hardcore Linux fans, most notably my (now) roommate. After being ridiculed for a long time about my use of Windows (especially my need to reinstall it every three months, due to it's tendency to crap out, regardless of which one I used--9x, 2000, XP), I decided I'd try this so-called "Linux". :-)

    So I asked for a copy. Not even being aware that I had a choice of distributions, I took the first cd set given to me--"Woody", at that time Debian's testing distro, later to become Debian 3.0.

    At first, I kinda freaked. No pretty graphical install, but it really wasn't so bad. I've been through worse in DOS. The instructions were pretty straightforward, though I did have to ask my friend what NIC driver to use (it was tulip). But after about an hour, I had a working system, with WindowMaker as my default window manager, and witha simple "startx"....

    It worked.

    And didn't stop, ever. It's never even paused on me. Since then, I've taught myself every intimate detail of linux in general, and even tried a few other distros on my other machines, but always end up going back to Debian (though now I'm running unstable--I like to live dangerously). Even used it to turn my crappy 486/DX66 Toshiba Satellite w/16MB of RAM into a useful internet terminal for my living room.

    It's not the easiest way to start, but when you're done, you'll have a good grasp of everything you'll need for an everyday system, and adding features or building a custom "utility system"(email server, firewall, etc.) is just an apt-get away. Overall, I'd highly recommend it to anyone.

    Unless you're really -that- lazy.

    --
    [este]
  12. Installer, unstable and a bunch of whiners by j-kjaer · · Score: 4, Insightful

    I've been using Debian GNU/Linux (unstable) for the last 3-4 years and it runs perfectly stable. I update my system almost every day without dependency problems - I have never reinstalled the system from scratch since the package managment (dpkg/apt-get, whatever) takes care of my system and doesn't mess up anything.

    The old Debian installer is somewhat technical, but who doesn't like that? I find the old installer much more easy to use than Windows XP's setup. If the only reason for hating Debian is the (soon to be deprecated) text mode installer, you really should just run away.

    Debian is the superior distribution!

    --
    -- 6 times 7 equals 42
  13. Enough with the "Debian's dated" already... by mcgroarty · · Score: 5, Informative
    Debian's stable releases aren't a quarterly affair. Your average user who's trying to use an OS to do work or run a server doesn't want quarterly releases. Precious few people really need to jump to Apache 2.0 or kernel 2.4.21 the very day/week/month it comes out.

    But, for those of you who want the bleeding edge without risking instability, Debian does just fine there if you know what you're doing. Go ahead and jump to unstable. Seriously!

    The only thing you're missing is "apt-listbugs," which does this automatically with every update...

    slate:/home/brian# dselect
    Reading Package Lists... Done
    Building Dependency Tree... Done
    10 packages upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
    Need to get 41.9MB of archives.
    After unpacking 16.4kB of additional disk space will be used.
    Do you want to continue? [Y/n]
    Get:1 http://ftp.uk.debian.org sid/main tetex-bin 2.0.2-4.1 [3774kB]
    [...]
    Get:10 http://ftp.uk.debian.org sid/main libnspr4 2:1.3.1-2 [117kB]
    Fetched 41.9MB in 4m19s (162kB/s)
    Reading package fields... Done
    Reading package status.. Done
    Retrieving bug reports... Done
    grave bugs of mozilla-psm (2:1.3.1-1 -> 2:1.3.1-2) <done>
    #189907 - mozilla-psm: psm doesn't register with mozilla
    grave bugs of tetex-bin (2.0.2-3 -> 2.0.2-4.1) <done>
    #195641 - tetex-bin dependency problem
    Merged with: 195677 195679 195683
    grave bugs of tetex-bin (2.0.2-3 -> 2.0.2-4.1) <open>
    #195723 - tetex-bin: postinstall script dies, making tetex-bin uninstallable
    Summary:
    mozilla-psm(1 bug), tetex-bin(2 bugs)
    Are you sure to install/upgrade these packages? [Y/n/?/...]

    Before starting installation, apt-listbugs fetches all the bug reports for versions between your current version and the target version. We can see that two bugs have been closed (fixed by later versions, or the bug reports were bogus), and we see that the tetex-bin bug is still open.

    In this case, we'd type 'h tetex-bin' to hold the broken package and proceed with a perfectly usable system.

    Of course, this still leaves you in the position to be the one in ten thousand who finds a critical bug on installing any given package. If that happens, be a Good Debizen and use reportbug so the next guy is notified. Further, if you flag a critical bug, it's rare that it isn't fixed within a couple hours, even at 2am on Sunday. Once you've reported your bug, go ahead and roll back a version and carry on until the developer closes the bug -- if you used reportbug, you'll get an all-clear email automatically when he or she closes the bug.

    With unstable and the apt-listbugs' automatic reports, the chances of ever winding up with a broken system are exceptionally low. Showstopper bugs are rare even in unstable -- maybe one package update in five thousand. But, with thousands of other users snarfing packages and reporting any bugs, the chances of your being the one to discover breakage without apt-listbugs warning you first are virtually nil.

    All that said, if you can bear to be a week to a month behind the bleeding edge, you can use apt-listbugs with testing as well. The chances of getting a broken system with testing and apt-listbugs are about the same as the chance of Windows Service Update not needing a reboot. Virtually nil.

  14. debian isn't just a distro. it's a lifestyle. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

    debian isn't just a distro. it's a lifestyle.
    Wimps and couch potatoes with their grey tasteless distros don't understand the pleasure a good distro gives. We offer two exquisite distro flavors for the linux user with style:

    - STABLE: coke drinking folks will never get it, but programs are like good red wine. They get better with age. That's why we only include very old programs in this distro. If you think that these programs are outdated and full with bugs that have since then been corrected in newer program versions, you miss the point: this isn't a fast-food distro. It's a distro you use at candlelight.

    - UNSTABLE: this is our distro for the fast and the furious. If you're complaining about this distro and saying that Mandrake and Gentoo both have up-to-date versions that, unlike debian, aren't actually "unstable", you miss the point and you're most probably a wimp. This distro isn't for couch potatoes but for people who love the thrill of the risk. For people who play carmageddon for real in their SUVs, go bungee jumping and skydiving and just occasionally forget to take a parachute. But that's what makes the kick of debian unstable.

    Debian isn't just a distro. it's a lifestyle. It's what separates the men from the boys. Go download your copy from www.debian.org now

  15. Debian Minimal Install by virtigex · · Score: 4, Interesting
    I use debian on my servers and embedded machines and install with a minimal install first and use apt-get for any commands I need. The minimal install is the LordSutch install and is over in about 5 minutes. Immediately after I apt-get the commands I know I'll need and thereafter apt-get commands as needed.

    I usually log in via ssh/xterm and just run a console on the screen. If I run a X server, it's usually Xvnc, so I don't have to work in a noisy machine room.

    Desktop/laptop machines are usually RedHat - RH does have a nicer GUI than Debian, but RH seems to be rivalling Microsoft in the amount of unneeded programs that get installed by default.