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Transcriber Threatens Release of Medical Records

talboito writes "David Lazarus of the San Francisco Chronicle reports on problems subcontracting sensitive data to outside firms. An unpaid Pakistani transcriber threatened to release medical records of patients at UCSF Medical Center on the internet. The article notes: 'U.S. laws maintain strict standards to protect patients' medical data. But those laws are virtually unenforceable overseas, where much of the labor-intensive transcribing of dictated medical notes to written form is being exported.' Most frightening, UCSF was unaware that its records were being sent overseas. The article traces their path backward through a chain of three different subcontractors."

27 of 377 comments (clear)

  1. HIPPA? by i.r.id10t · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Isn't HIPPA supposed to protect us from this type of thing?

    --
    Don't blame me, I voted for Kodos
    1. Re:HIPPA? by Ungrounded+Lightning · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Isn't HIPPA supposed to protect us from this type of thing?

      Perhaps the contractor who shipped the data overseas can be prosecuted, because he mishandled the data by moving it to where US laws can't be used to safeguard it.

      But probably not. One of the (usually fortunate) principles of US law is that, if there is any ambiguity, the interpretation most favorable to the defendant must be used.

      --
      Bantam Dominique roosters crow a four-note song. Once you've heard it as "Happy BIRTHday" you can't NOT hear it that way
    2. Re:HIPPA? by JJ22 · · Score: 4, Informative
      HIPAA would prevent this from happening in most cases. The law requires that agreements are in place with any companies/contractors with whom you share protected health information (I'm not sure if those transcripts would be PHI, but I believe they would).

      The problem here is with the newness of the law and the size of the company. It looks like the subcontractors being used are all "home-office" type deals that don't know the laws, which say that if you've signed a contract to handle PHI (and not disclose it) and you want to subcontract, you need to get the subcontracting firm to sign a similar document. The people mentioned in the article obviously haven't done that. Also, the article made it sound like the Pakistani woman was pretty much working on her own. When dealing with a larger (or real) company, you can have them sign a contract which would be enforceable in their own country (this is why we have lawyers).

      It is not a problem of laws not being enforcable as the article indicates, it is more of understanding the requirements of our laws and getting the right contracts into place that would be enforcable in other countries.

    3. Re:HIPPA? by mericet · · Score: 4, Informative
      It is, in fact, see for example "Business Associates" of "Covered Entites" , or read the law, as I have (note, IANAL, nor a MD).

      It covers specifically these kinds of cases, and the hospital clearly didn't place the necessary safeguards, as far as I understand the law, '"We'll have to live with this risk on a daily basis," Ryba said' is simply not good enough.

    4. Re:HIPPA? by radulovich · · Score: 5, Informative
      It already does. Subcontractors are covered under the "Business Associate" definition. The text of the law is located here in PDF format ( http://www.hhs.gov/ocr/combinedregtext.pdf)

      The law specifically states that any work that a healthcare organizations subcontracts out is to be held to the same standard. If the hospital did not insure that, then they are liable for both civil and criminal damages.

      This is actually one of the great things about the law. If an organization tries to escape any clause by subcontracting out the work, they are still liable. In this case, it seems that they did not even have an agreement with the contractors, which would be even larger penalties.

      As a final note, the hospital is already liable, because the woman sent patient records to the hospital via email. Unless the email was encrypted and only opened by the doctors giving care to the patients in record, then the hospital is liable. I expect the government will begin an investigation shortly, and the hospital will be fined within a year.

      Mark Radulovich, CISSP, NSA/IAM

    5. Re:HIPPA? by lonesome+phreak · · Score: 4, Informative

      Yes it is. Someone is getting a huge fine or even jail out of this. There is supposed to be a Business Associate Agreement between all Chain of Trust partners that stipulates both parties are following HIPAA just to be able to pass PHI between each other. Someone didn't follow the law and allowed PHI to be handed off to a non-compliant company. I do HIPAA audits for a living...

      --
      Maybe we DID take the blue pill. You wouldn't remember anyway.
  2. Nice... by Lumpy · · Score: 4, Insightful

    I can hear the conversation in the board room now....

    "Who thought that outsourcing this was a good idea?"

    How long until the IT outsourcing start's biting companies in the arse?

    remember our laws are NOT their laws.

    --
    Do not look at laser with remaining good eye.
    1. Re:Nice... by I8TheWorm · · Score: 4, Insightful

      -- What this world needs is some geeks with the backbone to stand up for what they believe in.

      .... Begin long story here ....

      I lost a job for it, and fell like a better man in the long run. I worked for a company that processed medical records, and sent hundreds of reports back to the practices/hospitals. Side benefit was selling generic statistics to insurance companies, etc... All of that was legal and the companies we serviced had knowledge of it.

      While rewriting crappy code there, I noticed one particular batch that was different. It seemed to be sending not-so-generic data (it included names, address, and phone numbers). It also had a different naming convention. I brought it up with my IT Director, who promptly dismissed it as "normal, we deal with many kinds of businesses."

      It seems we were selling personal information to marketing firms. I found that the firms we serviced had no knowledge of that, so I refused to write the code. Of course I got fired ,had a company officer watch me pack my things, and escort me to the door, all the while trying to convince me they were doing nothing wrong, and I shouldn't mention this to anyone, blah blah blah.

      .... End long story here ....

      I think anyone in the know at a company (and most programmers/dba's are in the know) should exercise some responsibility. If it's wrong, it's wrong. Look at the folks who got in trouble at Enron for looking the other way.

      If that same company were shipping data overseas, I would have had the same reaction, and probably the same ensuing unemployment.

      --
      Saying Android is a family of phones is akin to saying Linux is a family of PCs.
    2. Re:Nice... by kabocox · · Score: 3, Informative

      You should have gone to the police and to as many of the "business" customers that you could contact if any. What your company was doing was information theft. If their customers found out, each could successfully sue for millions. Information is property. Your company did not have resell rights to it plain and simple. Your company only had the rights to run reports on the data. None of the data ever belonged to your company.

      You should sue for "wrongful" dismissal under whistle blower laws although you really wouldn't want to work there.

  3. Simply business by BWJones · · Score: 5, Insightful

    This is why certain aspects of business will always cause privacy problems such as this. The goal of many businesses is not to provide the best possible service or the best possible products. Rather it is simply to make money. This is why HMO's never made sense to me and why they were a con foisted upon the American public. They have not made the practice of medicine any cheaper, rather they have simply moved profits from the physicians, nurses and technicians and moved it to a new middle layer of management who makes decisions such as exporting transcription overseas to markets with no concern for privacy.

    --
    Visit Jonesblog and say hello.
    1. Re:Simply business by Lumpy · · Score: 3, Informative

      the fully part isthat I have finally discovered real doctors still exist.

      they are small town doctors. not in it for their next Mercedes or that 7000SQ foot second house they want for parties...

      I drive 50 miles now for my regular doctor. he charges decent rates, ACTUALLY SEES YOU instead of only ever seeing a "aide" and is in it to help people and the community.

      Small town dentists are the same way... so head to the country if you are after decent healthcare at affordable prices without insurance.

      --
      Do not look at laser with remaining good eye.
  4. Computer-aided transcription by Valar · · Score: 4, Informative

    My dad is a hospital administrator, and at the hospital he runs (in rural Louisiana, none the less), they just invested in a voice recognition package specific to medical transcription. They never outsourced their transcription needs overseas, but they were having trouble meeting their needs with the staff on hand. So far he says it works far better than he expected, and has generated any serious errors (it tends to be better at picking out the appropriate medical words than at transcribing normal english. because the doctors tend to use rather obscure words). They still proofread the transcriptions as an error checking, but over all, it has been more accurate than even human transcription and cheaper too.

  5. Real Issue by Rotten · · Score: 5, Insightful

    The problem is not overseas workers. The real issue here is sensitive information being processed by networks of subcontractors without the knowledge of the information owner.

  6. Outsourcing.. by NegativeK · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Can anyone else see large software companies having this problem? Company sends the project overseas to be developed, employees return the finished source, and then toss their NDA in the trash by holding the source ransom over the internet.

    We've all seen what source in the wild can do (whether you believe some of the rumors about how HL2 source was released, it's _still_ delayed), and a group trying to profit off of source code could even be worse. Of course, no manager is going to listen to little old me.. Mainly because I'm not crawling down their throats for this quarters profit margin. =T

    --
    This statement is false.
  7. This is predictable by fudgefactor7 · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Any time you pass on potentially sensitive data onto a third party there is the opening for abuse of this nature. When you outsource you are at the mercy of the contracted party and their security measures (if any) become your security measures. Add to that sub-contractors... Big freakin' mess.

    Certain information should remain in the USA and not be contracted out. Ever. Looks to me that this whole fad of out-sourcing overseas has just come back to bite people in the ass. Maybe now some of the fools will learn that the old addage "Charity begins at home" is a good idea: keep those jobs here; the costs aren't in just dollars saved or wages paid.

  8. To put a positive spin on it. by Population · · Score: 5, Funny

    It only took a few hundred dollars to pay her off.

    Even extortion is cheaper when done overseas.

  9. Dangers of outsourcing overseas. by Dairyland.Net · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Companies are setting themselves up for a big hurt when they outsource overseas. This intance shows just some of the dangers and downfalls. Eventually, it's going to come around and bite them in the arse. What happened to all the forward thinkers? The over-zealous drive for profits and cost savings for today without thinking about tomorrow hurts us all - from the executives, to the workers, to the consumers, and, yes, even the shareholders. For example, America's technological edge is dying all because of overseas outsourcing. Why would any kid want to go to college for CS/IT when the job prospects are so miserable?

  10. Chain of subcontractors by mariox19 · · Score: 3, Interesting

    The article describes what amounts to a chain of subcontractors handling the medical transcriptions. The top of the chain is a firm in Sausalito handling medical transcriptions, which hired a subcontractor in Texas, who then farms out work to a network of subcontractors -- which led to the woman in Pakistan.

    I think the guy in Texas should be held liable, no? He's the one playing fast and loose with patient privacy, and I can't imagine he has no legal culpability here.

    Anyone out there have an understanding of the legal framework for something like this?

    --

    quiquid id est, timeo puellas et oscula dantes.

  11. Welcome to the hidden costs of offshoring! by sydbarrett74 · · Score: 3, Informative

    The title says it all.

    --
    'He who has to break a thing to find out what it is, has left the path of wisdom.' -- Gandalf to Saruman
  12. Even Worse!! by moehoward · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Even worse! They SELL the info to drug companies!

    I once mentioned a certain problem (side effect of a drug) to a doctor. 7 years ago or so. I was not being treated for it, but he wrote in in his notes. Lo and behold, a month later, I start getting ads in my mail from drug companies for this problem. Not something common. I told the doctor and he was in shock. He agreed that the transcription company must have sold the info. He refused to follow up on it, as did I. In retrospect, I could have caused a stink, but I'm not at all convinced I would have gotten any satisfaction.

    I strongly suggest taking your lawyer with you on all doctor's visits. I now review doctor's notes completely (after transcription) and force them to make corrections. It is amazing what sorts of errors the transcription companies make in the notes. And this is what insurance companies look at when you apply for insurance.

    In all, I'm pretty frightened of the medical system after a couple of incidents. I avoid the system at all costs. The funny thing is that it is this fear of the system, not of disease, that has actually prompted my very healthy lifestyle. I don't ever want to have to depend on that system for anything. Even the "nice good" doctors who are a part of it are to blame for idly sitting by and letting it all happen. They like to pretend that they are just pawns in a bigger game. Not!

    --
    "If you want to improve, be content to be thought foolish and stupid." - Epictetus
  13. It cuts both ways by Bazzargh · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Remember this:

    "A group of American companies is attempting this week to persuade the European Union to relax its rules governing data protection, claiming they are bad for business.
    [...]
    The EU passed the Data Protection Directive in 1998, and this has subsequently been implemented into national law by all but two--Ireland and Luxemburg--of the EU's member states.

    As well as regulating the buying and selling of personal data about European citizens and forcing Web sites to tell users when data about them is collected and allow users to refuse disclosure, the Data Protection Directive also restricts the flow of information about Europeans to companies based in countries with--in the view of the EU--more lax privacy standards.

    The Global Privacy Alliance says that this directive makes it hard for companies to engage in the kind of data flow that they claim is vital for modern e-enabled businesses."

    That would be the kind of data flow where they take your medical data, and farm it out to a country with no effective privacy laws, then?

    Its interesting that the EU law would not only have prevented your medical data going to Pakistan, it would have prevented it going to the US - because far from having "strict standards to protect patients' medical data", the US laws allow moving private data to countries with lower privacy standards!

  14. It's not limited to software companies by christoofar · · Score: 5, Interesting

    I know of a particular BIG insurance company here in Texas that outsources a LOT of their core work overseas. This company happens to cater to members of the US armed forces and civil service employees. When people get deployed or move, they have to call this company to have all their addresses changed.

    To think... now India and Pakistan probably now have a good listing of where a lot of our US service members are located. It's glad that India and Pakistan are our "aliies" or we'd really be in the shit now...

  15. The tip of the iceberg... by StandardCell · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Just wait until this thing gets a bit wider publicity. You can be sure that holding individuals for ransom from the developing country for a developed product will get more and more common due to the copycat factor. I have a funny feeling that this is only the beginning of a large landslide.

    Even worse, wait until outsourced hardware design starts showing how faulty it can be. Where engineers can be held responsible for products that overheat and kill over here, imagine if someone in a third-world country decides to be lazy and not put overcurrent protection on a device in a certain mode that UL safety guidelines happen to not specifically cover. People could end up having their houses burn down. Now, while the company can be held liable, what about the engineer? He can just disappear into the background noise, never be held responsible, and never become an example to others in his community of what happens when a product is shoddily engineered to meet a raw cost objective.

    I think there is some optimism that comes from this story, however. It may yet prove that outsourcing is an enormous mistake for many companies. Particularly when the spectre of massive lawsuits is involved, I think that insurance companies will get increasingly involved in these situations. The cost advantages of outsourcing never factored in the increased liability risks presented to the company from the antics and poor quality of work of their outsourced workers in the first place. I don't like insurance companies any more than the next person, but neither do I think insurance companies have discovered to what degree their insured could be subjected to precisely these types of scenarios. Maybe what the geek community could do is start a campaign to inform insurance companies and their actuaries of these situations in order to raise the rates of companies who outsource. Maybe - just maybe - they could once again swing the balance of favor towards workers here.

  16. You should sue and blow the whistle.. by Corpus_Callosum · · Score: 4, Insightful

    It seems we were selling personal information to marketing firms. I found that the firms we serviced had no knowledge of that, so I refused to write the code. Of course I got fired ,had a company officer watch me pack my things, and escort me to the door, all the while trying to convince me they were doing nothing wrong, and I shouldn't mention this to anyone, blah blah blah.

    They were in the wrong to do this and to fire you for it. You could sue.

    But regardless of whether you sue or not, how about providing us with the name of the Business, the type of violations they were making and the businesses that they were doing business with that were not made aware that their private customer data was being shared for profit.

    This type of personal information peddling is illegal, imoral and can cause very significant damage to innocent people (e.g. Insurance companies dropping people, loss of jobs, etc..).. Whenever anyone discovers this type of thing, it is VERY IMPORTANT to get it out in the open so that it can be dealt with.

    --
    The reason that it can be true that 1+1 > 2 is that very peculiar nonzero value of the + operator
  17. Your Financial Records are in India by zericm · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Forest for the trees, kids. Yes, your medical records may be over seas, but that is the small prize. Financial services companies have off-shored a lot of work to India, work that involves financial records. Think about: your name, address, social security number and account information may be sitting in India as I type this.

    Someone in another posting made a joke about extortion being cheaper becaue of reduced labor costs. Not much of a joke, really. Someone based in the US will most likely turn down an offer of US$5,000 for complete information -- including SS# -- for accounts with at least US$1 million in net assets. But that US$5,000 looks very attractive to a person based in India, a country where the average annual income is US$4,000, and US$30,000 is salary for a top notch programer.

    It is only a matter of time.

    thx,
    Eric

    --
    The welfare of the people has always been the alibi of tyrants. - Albert Camus
  18. Same goes for banking information by YrWrstNtmr · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Buying a car last year, the saleswoman had a question on some of the forms.

    She asked a more senior salesperson...
    I overheard:
    "Yes, we have to fill that in very carefully, so the transcribers in Mexico can enter it in the computer properly."

    This, with a technically US-based bank loaning the money.

    Now...nothing against Mexico, per se, but shipping *my* info over the border for processing just to save a buck or two is ridiculous.

  19. Re: Ever read the Bill of Rights? by damiangerous · · Score: 3, Informative
    It is not possible to be convicted of a crime on circumstantial evidence alone. There must be a witness to the crime or there is no conviction.

    You are completely wrong. There must be witnesses? That's absolutely ludicrous. Do you have any idea how many crimes have no witnesses?

    Brief Google just for a couple examples of statements relating to circumstantial evidence:

    The Supreme Court of Pennsylvania

    "Moreover, this Court has established that circumstantial evidence alone can be sufficient to convict a person of a crime."

    The Supreme Court of New Hampshire upholding a conviction based solely on circumstantial evidence.

    "When the evidence presented is circumstantial, it must exclude all rational conclusions except guilt in order to be sufficient to convict."

    The Tennessee Appeals Court

    "However, a conviction may be based entirely on circumstantial evidence where the facts are 'so clearly interwoven and connected that the finger of guilt is pointed unerringly at the Defendant and the Defendant alone.'"

    The Louisana Appeals Court

    "The rule as to circumstantial evidence is that, assuming every fact to be proved that the evidence tends to prove, in order to convict, it must exclude every reasonable hypothesis of innocence."