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More on Global Dimming

dtolman writes "According to the New York Times (registration required) if the world seemed brighter to our grandparents 50 years ago, they were right. While the sun's output hasn't dropped, the amount of sunshine reaching the Earth's surface has dropped an average of 10% since the 1950's. In Hong Kong, the sunlight reaching the surface has decreased even more - 37%! Scientists are theorizing that this is mainly due to air pollution - so this trend might reverse if air pollution clears up." We had a another story on global dimming last year.

40 of 379 comments (clear)

  1. Almost had me by metlin · · Score: 5, Funny

    For a second there, I was under the impression that this was a study on the intelligence of humans.

    *whew*

    1. Re:Almost had me by x0n · · Score: 3, Funny

      Global Dimming is easy to explain:

      ' Globally dim cack.
      Dim cack
      cack = 5

      Sub PrintCack()
      Print cack
      End Sub

      - Oisin

      --

      PGP KeyId: 0x08D63965
    2. Re:Almost had me by Saucepan · · Score: 4, Informative
      For a second there, I was under the impression that this was a study on the intelligence of humans.
      No worries; humans have in fact been getting smarter.
    3. Re:Almost had me by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

      Score: -1 VB Code

    4. Re:Almost had me by DrEldarion · · Score: 5, Funny

      Being smarter and acting smarter are two different things, however. Maybe humanity HAS been getting smarter, but everyone still acts like an idiot.

    5. Re:Almost had me by AvitarX · · Score: 4, Funny

      That first human was a frikken genious then.

      --
      Wow, sent an e-mail as suggested when clicking on "use classic" banner, and got a fast response that addressed my msg
  2. Frustrated by DarkHelmet · · Score: 5, Informative

    Here is a copy of the exact same news story that does not require a registration link.

    Stories like this are typically SYNDICATED, which means that you can find the exact same thing in 50 or so other newspapers, right?

    Why, oh why, do people choose to link to a page that requires registration when it's totally unnecessary?

    Finally, does this remind anyone else of the Animatrix, on how the skies were darkened to stop the machines?

    --
    /^[A-Z0-9._%+-]+@[A-Z0-9.-]+\.[A-Z]{2,4}$/i
    1. Re:Frustrated by OverlordQ · · Score: 4, Flamebait

      There's an easy way to get the no-reg archive link so why link to a podunk newspaper when it's totally unnecessary?

      --
      Your hair look like poop, Bob! - Wanker.
    2. Re:Frustrated by drakaan · · Score: 4, Informative
      That's known as Hanlon's Razor

      And you're probably thinking of Finagle's Law [of Dynamic Negatives]..."Anything that can go wrong, will go wrong" (sometimes stated with the addition "and as soon as possible").

      Murphy's Law is "If there are two or more ways to do something, and one of those ways can result in a catastrophe, then someone will do it."

      Sorry for the extra info, but look at my tagling, for cryin out loud :)

      --
      "Murphy was an optimist" - O'Toole's commentary on Murphy's Law
    3. Re:Frustrated by dtolman · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Perhaps because I read it on the front page of my physical New York Times first?

  3. I can attest to this. by Power+Everywhere · · Score: 4, Interesting

    In the area i live alone, my father has remarked several times in the last five years how either his eyes have gotten used to the sun after almost sixty years, or that things are a lot dimmer -- he used to wear Blueblockers religiously but now doesn't even keep a pair around.

  4. Let's just get this out of the way... by bloggins02 · · Score: 5, Informative

    Before anybody asks the question we know you want to ask:

    There's heat, and then there's visible light. They ain't the same thing.

    Just because it's "dimmer" doesn't mean it isn't getting warmer.

    There, I feel better.

    1. Re:Let's just get this out of the way... by Lockjaw · · Score: 4, Informative

      Oversimplified...

      The sun's energy output is strongest at visible wavelengths (peak power in the green - coincidence that chlorophyll is chemical of choice for providing energy to plants? I think not...). The earth absorbs a lot of this, but being much cooler than the sun, re-radiates it back out in the IR.

      So, aerosols (including clouds) tend to scatter shorter wavelengths more but let the longer stuff through. Greenhouse gasses absorb the longer wavelengths, but let the shorter stuff through.

    2. Re:Let's just get this out of the way... by hak1du · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Just because it's "dimmer" doesn't mean it isn't getting warmer.

      Actually, it may be getting warmer because it is getting dimmer: if visible light is absorbed by something in the atmosphere, it would end up heating up the atmosphere. Think of a black solar collector used for water heating.

    3. Re:Let's just get this out of the way... by wcrowe · · Score: 3, Interesting

      OK. But I have a question. At what point does more "stuff" in the air have a cooling, rather than warming effect? We've talked for years about a "nuclear winter" wherein the dust, soot and smoke kicked up by a nuclear war would block out the sun and cause the Earth to cool.

      IOW, at some point, less light does equal less heat.

      --
      Proverbs 21:19
    4. Re:Let's just get this out of the way... by hak1du · · Score: 4, Informative

      But if dust and grime catch the energy instead of the ground, then isn't the radiation more likely to be radiated out into space, cooling the planet?

      If they "catch" the energy, they reflect a little bit as visible light and convert most of it into heat. Part of that heat gets radiated back into space and part heats up the surrounding air. The overall effect seems to be a significant contribution to global warming.

      Global warming models take this effect into account. However, particulates are not as much of a concern for global warming because, unlike CO2, they disappear from the atmosphere fairly quickly (they are still a huge health concern, however). With CO2, once it's released, we are stuck with the consequences for a century or two. Furthermore, global dimming reduces photosynthesis, further slowing down the removal of CO2 and worsening the problem.

    5. Re:Let's just get this out of the way... by praedor · · Score: 4, Informative

      Wrong. If the earth's albedo is increasing, and it is high-altitude, then a decrease in sunlight reaching the earth's surface would likely follow along with a decrease in temperature (as sunlight would be reflecting away from earth). I have read nothing about an ever-increasing albedo, and the articles on the subject indicate ABSORPTION of visable light is the cause of dimming at the surface. Absorption WILL produce heat. The energy of the sunlight doesn't disappear upon absorption, it gets converted into heat (and molecular kinetic energy). Energy can neither be created nor destroyed, merely converted into a different form. VISABLE sunlight energy is down-convertedinto infrared energy (heat). It leads to an increase in temperature with increasing dimming.

      --
      In Bushworld, they struggle to keep church and state separate in Iraq as they increasingly merge the two in America.
    6. Re:Let's just get this out of the way... by sleepingsquirrel · · Score: 4, Informative

      Plants are green because chlorophyll reflects green light. This means that green light isn't important to photosynthesis. See these links.

    7. Re:Let's just get this out of the way... by M1FCJ · · Score: 4, Insightful
      Well, let's put it this way:

      On Venus, it is around 400C degrees. On Venus, you can't see the sun because of the clouds.

      Now, if we removed the clouds, would Venus get warmer or colder?

  5. A fix!? by Tablizer · · Score: 3, Funny

    We can fix global warming by polluting the atmosphere more? Too good to be true. What's the catch?

  6. Rehashed by andy666 · · Score: 4, Informative

    Every few years this gets brought up. There was an article in the June 94 sci american about it. The topic is a bit of a yawner anyway.

  7. Looks like we'll all be dead... by Neil+Blender · · Score: 3, Insightful

    ...the day after tomorrow. Next time an asteroid movie comes out, expect plenty of articles about about that in the media.

  8. In other news... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

    Future not so bright, shades no longer required.

  9. Less light - more heat? by drizst+'n+drat · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Ok ... so less light is reaching the surface than did 50 years ago though the energy output has remained relatively the same. Is it safe to assume that the energy is being absorted by pollution and thus heating the planet?

    1. Re:Less light - more heat? by rrkap · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Is it safe to assume that the energy is being absorted by pollution and thus heating the planet?

      Not really. The question is one of total energy ballance.

      Think about it as (mass)*(heat capicity)*(temperature change)=(incoming energy from radiation)-(reflected energy)-(re-emitted energy)

      The atmosphere could be becomming more reflective, too. The mechanism proposed for global warming ignores this in its simplest form. CO2 is pretty transparant to visible light, but likes to absorb heat, meaning that the total emissivity of the earth is assumed to be being reduced at long wavelengths and left the same at short ones. This research says that something is happening at the shorter wavelenghths as well.

      --
      I like my beverages with warning labels!
  10. Because I'm too lazy to look it up... by Just+Some+Guy · · Score: 3, Interesting
    Could someone explain how we know that less light is reaching the surface now? What accurate instruments were we using 100 years ago that gave us a solid baseline to compare against? Also, how were we accurately measuring solar output, which can be pretty variable?

    Is the surface of the earth really receiving less light, or are we just better at measuring it?

    --
    Dewey, what part of this looks like authorities should be involved?
  11. I smell oportunity... by Spatula+Sam · · Score: 4, Funny

    Quick! Invest in lightbulb manufacturers!

  12. Some else of interest by spuke4000 · · Score: 4, Interesting

    An unrelated, but similar phonomenon is that of the effect of jet contrails on temperature. You can read about it here. The study used the period after 9/11 when all flights in North America were grounded for a few days. An interesting read.

    --
    This post cannot be rebroadcast without the express written constent of Major League Baseball.
  13. Fairly obvious attempt by oil industry ... by burgburgburg · · Score: 5, Funny

    to make sure that solar energy will never be cost-effective. Clever, but diabolical.

  14. When Bored Scientists Attack by Morphy3 · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Global Cooling
    Acid Rain
    Global Warming
    Global Dimming
    http://www.junkscience.com

    --
    ------
    I have not yet begun to procrastinate!
  15. Headlines We Should be Wary Of by basking2 · · Score: 4, Insightful

    So, after the ice age coming back, global warming destroying us, acid rain eating us and the oil supply being exhausted by 2010 I take science headlines with a grain of salt. The fact that this is from the NY Times just furthers my suspicion. That paper has destroyed its reputation over the years.

    One thing that folks have to realize is that scientists are people. They get happy and sad, they are humble and proud, and they lie, steal, cheat and grab for headlines as reagularly as any normal person would.

    This is not to discredit the publishers of this work, but to remind us all that headlines like this pop up often amount to a new natural trend or in the very rare case, us acctually damaging the environment in a way that it isn't designed to cope with.

    I mention this because our geek culture has a way of worshiping the words of scientists and as a result some amusing lies have drifted in and out of school text books and around our little digital communities. Trust no one. The truth is out there. Now will I get sued by Fox or the aliens over Mexico??? Hmmm...

    --
    Sam
  16. Re:Less light == less sunburns? by Scott+Richter · · Score: 3, Insightful
    if UV rays aren't blocked by water clouds very well, why would they be blocked by pollution clouds? not cleaning up the air can never be considered a good thing.

    First, water clouds DO block UV fairly well - you don't get a sunburn nearly as fast on a cloudy day. Second, pollution may not be absorbing UV - it's more likely scattering it.

  17. Re:Particulate matter scatters light, news at 11! by Chmcginn · · Score: 5, Informative
    On a more serious note, try a search for '"september 11" contrails' on a search engine. It was established that due to the absence of contrails in the air, more sunlight reached the USA, and it even warmed up a little as a result over the 3-4 days.

    Wrong. (Not just because you're too lazy to provide any links. You know, like this or maybe this.)

    No, you're actually wrong because you fail the reading (and understanding) the articles test - it didn't warm the earth up. It increased the temperature range for each day - that is, both the high and the low temperature - just like a clear day versus an overcast one.

    --
    Have you been touched by his noodly appendage?
  18. Air pollution is not strictly a recent phenomenon by kjfitz · · Score: 5, Informative
    There is a common misperception that air pollution is a recent thing.

    This from Environmental History Timeline:


    • 1661 -- John Evelyn writes "Fumifugium, or the Inconvenience of the Aer and Smoake of London Dissipated" to propose remedies for London's air pollution problem. These include large public parks and lots of flowers. http://users.synflux.com.au/~ant/Evelyn/fumifug.ht ml http://www.accd.edu/sac/english/bailey/evelyn.htm

      "The immoderate use of, and indulgence to, sea-coale in the city of London exposes it to one of the fowlest inconveniences and reproaches that can possibly befall so noble and otherwise incomparable City... Whilst they are belching it forth their sooty jaws, the City of London resembles the face rather of Mount Aetna, the Court of Vulcan... or the suburbs of Hell [rather] than an assembly of rational creatures..."

      In his diary, Evelyn writes in 1684 that smoke was so severe "hardly could one see across the street, and this filling the lungs with its gross particles exceedingly obstructed the breast, so as one would scarce breathe."


    And this from Air Pollution:


    • In the Middle Ages London air was so polluted by smoke from coal fires that in 1273 Edward I passed a law banning coal burning in an attempt to curb smoke emissions. In 1306 a Londoner was tried and executed for breaking this law. Despite this, pollution was not checked, and on one occasion in 1578 Elizabeth I refused to enter London because there was so much smoke in the air. Smoke killed vegetation and ruined clothes, and the acid in it corroded buildings.


    I always wondered if this early pollution may have contributed to Europe's mini-ice age

  19. We Need Global Dimming by SoopahMan · · Score: 4, Interesting

    That previous story on Slashdot included Dimming's relation to Warming - in particular, scientists suspect Mars lost its water in a disastrous event called a "Hot Spot," where one point in the ocean reaches so high a temperature that it begins evaporating so fast it actually magnifies the sun's heating effect at that surface point - causing nearly all the ocean to leave the planet through that spot.

    Dimming was suggested as the reason this has not occurred - that although heat is up, average sun exposure to the surface is down, and so, evaporation is down too. The net effect is a constant level of evaporation despite rising temps.

    So - is Dimming the buffer that keeps the Earth alive during times of Global Warming? Or is it possible to lose Dimming and keep Warming, rendering us as waterless as Mars? Or, is the Hot Spot theory just hot air in the first place?

  20. Obviously not by BESTouff · · Score: 4, Insightful
    so this trend might reverse if air pollution clears up

    This single utopic sentence should have told you it's only unrealistic babble.

  21. Sounds romantic by saddino · · Score: 3, Funny

    First "global warming and now "global dimming."

    We're getting cozy, dimming the lights...all we need is "global barry white" and -- BAM -- human population explosion at your service.

  22. Coal - effects on light by guacamolefoo · · Score: 5, Informative

    The folks in Pittsburgh during industrialization are familiar with the loss of sunlight. So were those in London and Manchester in England during industrialization there. The "English Disease", or rickets, resulted from low levels of vitamin D production due to a lack of sunlight attributable in part to (1) long working hours out of the sun and (2) particulate pollution from burning coal.

    An interesting book that deals, in part, with that is Coal: A Human History. Also available here or from your local library.

    GF.

  23. fun fact by kisak · · Score: 3, Informative

    The US contains 4 % of the total world population and is behind 25 % of the world's total green house gases production.

    --

    --- guns don't kill people, people with guns kill people ---

  24. Check The Science by meehawl · · Score: 3, Informative
    its absorption and reemission profile will have changed unless they've kept the glass dome sealed and either evacuated or filled with some inert gas. Even at that level there could be a change in absorptive and emissive properties from surface phenomenon.

    You don't think atmospheric scientists studying the effects of aerosolized pollution are fully aware of the limitations of their instruments and have incorporated some fudge factors and compensatory effects into the deductions? Why not check out some real science concerning the issue, look at how they correct for and acknowledge measuring instrument deficiencies, and how they reach their conclusions?

    The interested reader is directed here:
    Chameides, W.L., H. Yu, S.C. Liu, M. Bergin, X. Zhou, L. Mearns, G. Wang, C.S. Kiang, R.D. Saylor, C. Lio, Y. Huang, A. Steiner, and F. Giorgi, Case study of the effects of atmospheric aerosols and regional haze on agriculture: An opportunity to enhance crop yields in China through emission controls? Proceedings of the US National Academy of Sciences, 96:13626-13633, 1999.
    The so-called "direct effect" of regional haze results in an approximately 5-30% reduction in the solar irradiance reaching some of China's most productive agricultural regions. Crop-response model simulations suggest an approximately 1:1 relationship between a percentage increase (decrease) in total surface solar irradiance and a percentage increase (decrease) in the yields of rice and wheat. Collectively, these calculations suggest that regional haze in China is currently depressing optimal yields of approximately 70% of the crops grown in China by at least 5-30%.
    --

    Da Blog