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LANL, Sandia Report Losing Classified Data

dread minerva writes "This week, Los Alamos and Sandia National Laboratories publicly reported that sensitive material stored on removable data storage devices was missing." In Sandia's case, "According to the Las Vegas Sun, this 'prompted the lab to halt all classified work Thursday while officials conduct a wall-to-wall inventory of sensitive data.' Sandia also reported that a 'computer floppy disk was missing.' However, according to the Albuquerque Journal, 'lab officials said they don't believe it contains any weapons information or any other information that could harm national security,' only admitting that the material on the disk was classified. Due to these latest events, LANL has shut down all work on classified projects as of Friday." (Read more below.) Update: 07/17 21:21 GMT by T : A correction -- research was shut down only at LANL (not, as I mistakenly claimed, at Sandia) -- and an update: Sandia's missing disk was recovered.

"These snafus have led the government to open up the labs to defense-contracting bids for the first time in their 60+ year history (until now the labs have been run by UC-Berkeley). As NPR reported on Friday, the researchers at the labs were upset by this move, as they are afraid of the labs losing their academic nature. Perhaps the best question to ask in this situation is why these labs are still using removable data storage devices to store sensitive information."

(Other institutions, including The University of Texas system, are also angling for a share of the lab's management.)

49 of 149 comments (clear)

  1. Cursed iPods :) by caluml · · Score: 5, Funny

    It's all those iPods that the techies bring in.

    1. Re:Cursed iPods :) by rd4tech · · Score: 2, Insightful

      So... I was trying to figure it out but failed, how can you plug/hide a floppy in a iPod? :)

    2. Re:Cursed iPods :) by Makoss · · Score: 2, Informative

      I'm aware that it was in jest, but I don't think iPods are much of a problem. As they and all other "personal electronic devices capable of transmitting information and/or data." are on the controlled articles list and are not permitted in a LANL security area.

      --
      Building a better backup.
      Zettabyte Storage
  2. Sandia Labs is like by kensai · · Score: 5, Funny

    the 7-11 of government agencies.

    Terrorist: I'll take two hard drives with weapons research on them.
    Sandia: That'll be $2000. Thank you and please come again.

  3. Should know better.. by maharg · · Score: 4, Funny

    You write "classified" on the floppy disk - that should be enough warning to people to not steal it, right ? Jeez..

    --

    $ strings FTP.EXE | grep Copyright
    @(#) Copyright (c) 1983 The Regents of the University of California.
    1. Re:Should know better.. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Interesting

      You're right, despite the joke. That is exactly what you do with US government classified material -- stick a big, brightly colored label on it that screams "Top Secret".

      The idea isn't to hide the disk on top of your desk,, "Purloined Letter" style. The idea is to make sure it's completely obvious to anyone that sees it that the disk is classified, must be handled as classified, and no "but I didn't know it was classified" excuses.

      The bad guys are already going to know what they're after. It's usually an inside job. An innocuous label isn't going to help hide a secret, but a glaring one helps protect it.

  4. Still associated with university? by Thinkit4 · · Score: 2, Funny

    I was hoping that somewhere research was being conducted without being attatched to an organization with sports teams.

    --
    -I am an elective eunuch.
    1. Re:Still associated with university? by ctr2sprt · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Colleges and universities are largely dependent on alumni donations (which should tell you all you need to know about their money-management skills). Athletics are a way to keep alumni involved for years and years after they graduate, and consistently strong programs can keep them going for decades. Even more, strong sports programs create national awareness of the school, which can encourage academically gifted students to attend as well. You may be surprised at the number of kids who decide which school to go to based on the quality of the sports program. I know I was.

    2. Re:Still associated with university? by rd4tech · · Score: 4, Funny

      Really? So what do you do when the power grid fails? I'm telling you, you can screem all you want, but all those sport-types can come handy providing high RPMs for that old generator in the basement.

      Furthermore, they'll probably be happy with that new kind of exercise for the muscles. They would only require chocolate powerbars to go on. You can create the design for powerbar in 5 minutes (sugar, wheet, chocolate), give it to them, and have electricity to spend on all those more important projects (neverending-quantum-etc).

      They'll of course have food and be together (males and females) in a sweaty environment which is all that disgusting, isn't it. Of course when feromones kick in they'll assure the continuity of the species AND have the design for the powerbars plus to feed their babies (which will be stronger).

      See, it's a perfectly good example of evolution at work in these modern times.

    3. Re:Still associated with university? by realdpk · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Of course, you're right. I never would have heard of MIT if it weren't for the national coverage of their basketball teams.

  5. Remind me again... by causality · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Remind me again of what form of strong encryption they were using for said data? Oh wait a minute... Really great when people who are trusted with info this sensitive (I'm glad they seem to be _mostly_ certain that it did not contain weapons information) are not held to certain standard security practices.

    What is it with computers that they are magnets for incompetent people? Before everything was stored electronically somehow I doubt people obtained sensitive info just because someone forgot to lock a vault door...

    --
    It is a miracle that curiosity survives formal education. - Einstein
    1. Re:Remind me again... by (negative+video) · · Score: 5, Insightful
      Remind me again of what form of strong encryption they were using for said data? Oh wait a minute...
      Repeat after me: Encryption is not magic pixie dust.

      Sprinkling it around at random does not necessarily improve security. Encryption can actually reduce security by distracting people from higher-risk threats. It also increases the probability of irrecoverable data loss unless unusual redundancy measures are taken.

      Before everything was stored electronically somehow I doubt people obtained sensitive info just because someone forgot to lock a vault door...
      Read Richard Feynman's accounts of the operational security of LANL. Their security has leaked like a sieve since the Manhattan Project days.
    2. Re:Remind me again... by kfg · · Score: 2

      Before everything was stored electronically somehow I doubt people obtained sensitive info just because someone forgot to lock a vault door...

      Feynman was once able to crack the only safe at Los Alamos that held the collective classified data of the Manhatten project in a matter of seconds.

      The Colonel in charge of the project never changed the safe combination from the default. He didn't even know you could do that.

      KFG

  6. Stale news... by jurgen · · Score: 4, Informative

    This is stale. They've already found the data again...

    See here.

    In any case it's not newsworthy.

    1. Re:Stale news... by unclem0nkey · · Score: 3, Informative

      Actually, 4 disks were found to be missing in the June 30th inventory check Only 2 have been found and 2 are still missing.

  7. Classified Data by batboy78 · · Score: 5, Informative

    Technically anything that touches their Classified LAN is then considered classified to the highest level of the data on the system. Some tech could have brought in a new desktop background on floppy from the unclass side.

    "Oh my GOD where is my Britney Spears pictures!!!."

  8. I wouldn't worry too much about it. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny


    The missing data was stored on Zip drive floppies.

    In other words, the media itself will fail in about 6 months, and there wont be any Zip drives still working by then to read it.

  9. Small but Important by CygnusXII · · Score: 5, Insightful

    While the loss of a floppy, might seem trivial to some, you might want to consider this fact. That single floppy could have contained the results of years of experimentation. Thus allowing anyone that obtained it, to forego that same xperimentation, and advance their studies further at the exspense of the United States Tax Payer. Just because a Secret is small, doesn't make it any less vital, or costly.

    --
    My cat's picked up a Hammer. HEY! Put down that Hammer. Put Down that Hamm...THUNK!
    1. Re:Small but Important by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Insightful

      That single floppy could have contained the results of years of experimentation. Thus allowing anyone that obtained it, to forego that same xperimentation, and advance their studies further at the exspense of the United States Tax Payer.

      Huh? At the expense of nobody.

      If the citizens of the USA pay for research, and then somebody copies that research, it doesn't cost the citizens of the USA any more at all. They already paid for the research to be done, and they already have the benefits of the new knowledge. Somebody else having that same knowledge doesn't take it away from them or cost them anything.

      I'm a UK citizen. You may have read the recent stories about the BBC opening up their archives under a Creative Commons license. That material was paid for by UK citizens. But people outside the UK copying it as much as they want doesn't cost the UK anything. I'm pleased that the BBC are taking these steps.

    2. Re:Small but Important by TheGavster · · Score: 2, Interesting

      It doesn't cost us more, it costs them less. That's the idea behind open research: I research something, tell you about it, you get an idea, research it, tell someone, they get an idea ...

      Keeping research findings holed up is a good way to waste a lot of effort duplicating others' findings. No need to have every country individually figure things out.

      --
      "Because Science" is one step from "Because old book". Try "Because of my experiment testing my falsifiable assertion".
    3. Re:Small but Important by The+Viking · · Score: 2, Insightful

      If the citizens of the USA pay for research, and then somebody copies that research, it doesn't cost the citizens of the USA any more at all.

      Ultimately tax payers pay for the military advantage that classified research can give them. True, they pay the same amount whether or not a copy is made. However, the value of what they spent their money on is diminished if the information falls into the wrong hands.

  10. One floppy disk, eh? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Funny

    A:> unrar moab_blueprint_1.2.3.rar
    Unpacking...
    Please insert medium containing moab_blueprint_1.2.3.001 in drive A:
    [A]bort, [R]etry, [F]ail, [G]o home and drink soup?

    - Seth

  11. What? by addaon · · Score: 3, Interesting

    If it doesn't contain any data that can be used to endanger national security, WHY is it classified? Classification is a way for the government to get around its responsibilities for disclosure in the few cases where disclosure presents a real danger... we all know that the government has been abusing this ability for ages, but this is just blatantly wrong, no?

    --

    I've had this sig for three days.
    1. Re:What? by DeathPenguin · · Score: 2, Insightful

      >> If it doesn't contain any data that can be used to endanger national security, WHY is it classified?

      Who ever said the data couldn't be used to threaten national security? There are other ways to threaten security other than just weapons data; infrastructure information, intelligence reports, and even science that nobody is quite sure what to make of at this point.

    2. Re:What? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Informative

      I can't speak for this particular case, but in general it is due to the logistics of the security plan. Say I have a computer that is certified for processing clasified data. Because there is classified information on that computer, any read/write media that is connected to the machine (harddrive, floppy, usb keychain, network) is now tainted and that peice of media is classified from that point out. Meaning that you cannot connect that media to any system that is not authorised for processing classified of the appropriate catagory, level, and need to know. And if you need to take some data from a classified system to an unclassified, you have to go through a formal review process to make sure everything is kosher. This makes it easy to know what the rules for dealing with clasified computing is even if it is a bit over-stretching.

      So, what often happens is you have a project that is almost entirely unclassified except for a few sensitive bits, and you do most of your work on the unclassified systems. But when it comes time to do the classified bits you need to use a bunch of this unclassified data on the classified system, so you end up with two copies of the exact same data, one marked classifed and the other unclassified.

      The data itself is still exists in an unclassified form, and can still be gotten to via the FOIA (assuming other exemptions don't apply), but that particular instance of the data has to be treated as classifed to make everyones lives easier.

    3. Re:What? by brandonY · · Score: 4, Insightful

      There are a lot of things that aren't by themselves critical secret knowledge (schematics to a nuclear weapon), but are still not a good idea to share. Let's say they contain software for helicopters that controls the interface for missile detection. It's probably not dangerous to give out, but there might be a bug in that software that some country exploits to build missiles that won't be detected. Things like that.

    4. Re:What? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Informative

      You have to understand how security works. Having worked in a classified environment... anything that goes in that *might* be able to classified data, becomes classified. I remember in our classified area's, the only way I could bring OUT anything was if I had brought in an original say Visio CD or something, installed it, and left. And even then it was virus scanned with several different products by security, and I had to return that CD (yes, it was labelled "unclassified") to the security office.

      Removable storage is standard. They have large safe's that everything with data on it gets locked up in when the last person leaves. All the machines used removable drive trays (naturally, those were marked "classified"). Floppy drives actually were disabled (cable yanked off) and the machine's cover had a security-seal taped on it so they would know if anyone tampered with it.

      Even if a machine *did* have a floppy drive, and you put a brand new floppy in, formatted it, and typed up your resume on it...that floppy was "classified" the moment it went in the door.

      Machines that got 'retired' (obsolete) had the CMOS chip removed, the RAM removed, the CPU removed, and any other parts that may 'possibly' hold data. They were crushed, and then incinerated.

      Its not about whether it ever actually *had* classified data on it or not, its that its a "storage device" that was *in* a classified area.

    5. Re:What? by ID10T5 · · Score: 3, Funny
      From the summary: "lab officials said they don't believe it contains any weapons information or any other information that could harm national security"

      Aren't these the same lab officials who thought they had adequate security to protect classified data?

  12. Culture of fear by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Nobody wants to become the next Wen Ho Lee. So when they make a small mistake, they probably are afraid to report it, even though failing to report will get them in even bigger trouble. This could explain why missing hard drives, instead of being turned in when found, mysteriously turned up behind a photocopier, a spot that had previously been checked.

    Of course it's appropriate to be anal about security when dealing with this type of stuff. But it takes a special kind of person to function well in a culture of fear, and such people are very rare, even more rare when you also require that they have advanced scientific degrees. So LANL has to strike a delicate balance between instilling fear to enhance security, and dealing with the unwanted, paradoxically security-degrading consequences of that fear.

    When Wen Ho Lee backed up his work data, it was not even classified. It was designated "Protect As Restricted Data" (PARD), which is not a classified designation. The government retroactively classified it to prosecute him. Imagine working in that kind of environment. Not fun.

  13. [OT] your sig by daniil · · Score: 2, Funny
    Support the War on TERROR and our President! Postpone elections until the last terrorist is eliminated.

    There's this old joke that communism comes only after the last communist has died. Makes me wonder, what will happen if the last terrorist is eliminated :H

    --
    Man is a slave because freedom is difficult, whereas slavery is easy.
  14. Why use removable media for sensitive information by multiplexo · · Score: 5, Informative
    Timothy writes:

    "...Perhaps the best question to ask in this situation is why these labs are still using removable data storage devices to store sensitive information."

    I worked on projects that collected classified data and spec'd systems with removable storage. The reason we used removable storage was because it was easier to get DISCO (Defense Industrial Security Clearance Organization, yes, that really is the acronym courtesy of the Department of Defense Overly Contrived Acronym Certification Agency (DODOCACA)) to certify a system for classified use if we could show that all of the storage could be removed from the system and securely stored. Of course this relies upon having people who aren't going to lose the secure storage, which is another thing entirely. Given advances in storage since the 1990s when I was administering such systems I'd be surprised if any classified system wasn't built around removable storage systems. You can get a 320Gb firewire disk for $350. Of course you could also do your work on laptops and then lock them in your classified safe at the end of the day too.

    --
    cheap labor conservatives - they want to keep you hungry enough to be thankful for minimum wage.
  15. only in America... by tisme · · Score: 5, Funny

    This would never happen in Canada. Not because of our state of the art security systems, but simply because we don't invest money in developing weapons, and we have no information that anyone wants. hehe... :P

  16. Bigger news... by identity0 · · Score: 4, Funny

    Who cares about some stupid 'classified' data at a nuclear lab? That pales in comparison to this - U2's new album has been stolen! I'm shocked! Shocked, I tell you! Is there no God?!

  17. UPDATE: all of los alamos halts work by goombah99 · · Score: 4, Interesting

    not just classified but ALL work was stopped on friday. Note this does not mean vacation time. In fact al vacations are cancelled. It mean everyone stops production work and only performs activities related to safety and security enhancement, inventories and training. Really its a good thing and its happening because the head of Los Alamos is a former admiral who runs a tight ship and does not tolerate anything but teamwork.

    --
    Some drink at the fountain of knowledge. Others just gargle.
    1. Re:UPDATE: all of los alamos halts work by DeathPenguin · · Score: 3, Informative

      Nanos came in at a time when things were kind of getting lax in terms of security and safety practices. He's got a tough job ahead of him--Making 10,000+ employees follow the rules all at once with virtually zero margin for error is not an easy task. That's like expecting Microsoft to ensure that all copies of Windows are secured so that there are no more worms/trojans/viruses--It's a nearly impossible task given the numbers no matter how many resources are available. I think Nanos' attitude is right on--people tend to think that they can just get away with disregarding the rules and procedures, and it's time to weed out these people before UC loses the contract.

      On a side note, the stand-down on Friday was due to a safety incident (One major injury, no fatalities) that actually occured Wednesday afternoon after Nanos' all-hands meeting.

  18. Really just a cynical ploy? by wfberg · · Score: 2, Insightful

    "These snafus have led the government to open up the labs to defense-contracting bids for the first time in their 60+ year history (until now the labs have been run by UC-Berkeley)."

    Given that the disks have already been found, and never left the possesion of those authorized to have it, why make such a fuzz about it? Why do we see this on the news (I did)? Why shut down all work? Wouldn't you want to keep the fact anything is missing quiet, if only to cast doubt in the mind of any one being offered stolen secrets as to whether they really are genuine?

    And why suddenly decide to break open the bidding for the contract, within days/hours of an incident?

    How convenient.. Perhaps.. a bit too convenient?

    --
    SCO employee? Check out the bounty
  19. Re:Casual by JPriest · · Score: 4, Funny

    We once had a HDD end up missing at our company headquarters (Army). All barracks were placed under lock down, everyone near the HQ building in the previous few days was investigated, and a team of searchers were sent to search through our rooms, cars, bags etc. After what was an all day event searching through our stuff, it was later discovered that someone sent the parts to a the repair shop and one hand didn't talk to the other.

    --
    Saying Java is nice because it works on all OS's is like saying that anal sex is nice because it works on all genders.
  20. Sandia isn't run by UC by casuist99 · · Score: 3, Informative

    Sandia National Labs, unlike Los Alamos, is not run by the University of California system. Rather, Lockheed-Martin (and before that AT&T) ran the Labs after they were split from Los Alamos as a separate division.

  21. Purposeful disinformation dissemination by Corpus_Callosum · · Score: 4, Interesting

    The quickest and easiest way to keep your spying WMD researching evil enemies at bay is to ensure that from time to time they get weapons and research data that is entirely fake and will result in billions of dollars and many years of fruitless research and development on the part of your enemy.

    To ensure that they believe that what they have is real, it is quite important to ocassionally make a big stink about the faked data that was lost. However, if you loose real data, it is better to keep it quiet and even produce lots of alternative data sets (a form of data denial of service attack) that pop up around the acquirer...

    Don't you guys know anything about information warfare?

    --
    The reason that it can be true that 1+1 > 2 is that very peculiar nonzero value of the + operator
  22. Classifed? by symbolic · · Score: 2, Insightful


    Considering the way that Congress classifies even the most mundane stuff these days, and assuming that this practice has spread (as it helps the CYA crowd) there's probably a good chance that this information really wasn't of any importance. For all we know, it could have been someone's list of Pr0n sites.

  23. Slashdot Article is Wrong! by BitchKapoor · · Score: 4, Informative

    What are you talking about, dread minerva? LANL isn't run by UC-Berkeley in particular, it's run by the University of California System. See the University of California office of the President -- "10 campuses, 5 medical centers and 3 national labs." Secondly, Sandia isn't run by the UC at all, it's run by Lockheed-Martin, and, as another poster pointed out, was previously run by AT&T. Jeeze, when one of your points is that there's a management problem, you'd think you'd actually check who the management is.

  24. Re:I have a question by A1C+Lickey · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Because nukes are like any other weapon. We've spent years and billions of dollars researching how to make them most effective. The genie is out of the bottle yes, but we haven't shown the world all the steps in how we got him out.
    No matter what we want our equipment to be the most effective out there, no matter what. Being in the military I know that when I'm out there, I'm using the world's best equipment and gear, and personally I'd like to keep it that way.

  25. Failure to Report by Detritus · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Failure to report a loss is a very bad idea. I worked at an installation where the security officer routinely removed pages from classified documents, just to keep us on our toes. If you didn't detect and report the missing pages, you were in big trouble.

    --
    Mea navis aericumbens anguillis abundat
  26. Re:Never mind the data by greyguppy · · Score: 2, Informative
    "few terrorists with box cutters have got us to the state that the US government is now prepared to shoot down a commercial aircraft if its transponder and radio systems fail."

    At the risk of going slightly offtopic, I don't think that risk is too high. If a commercial airliner has lost all radio contact they would not be able to get through to air traffic control at the airport, making the landing dangerous. Under the new provisions military jets would be scrambled and attempt to divert the plane to a secure airbase by all means necessary

    It is my understanding that there are universal visual signals such as "follow me" and if a commercial jet was really in such a situation they would follow their military escort, be guarenteed a clear landing and after interviewing the passengers and crew they would all be sent on to their destination (probably by bus) The political fallout from shooting down a passenger jet without warning would be unthinkable, and being landed in a secure military base would not be any terrorists ideal outcome from a hijacking.

    As long as the pilot follows the visual signals from the air force they will not fire on the passenger jet.

  27. Re:Never mind the data by HeghmoH · · Score: 2, Informative

    Who needs the essential data to design a deep bunker buster bomb when help from an NZ cruise missile designer, a few kilos of plutonium, plenty of TNT and a good machine shop would allow you to build a weapon which, while it might not fission, would be able to kill large numbers of people a long way away?

    A dirty bomb has two main effects. First, it's a large explosion, just like a conventional bomb, and that blast can kill people. Second, people are incredibly afraid of "radiation" and "nuclear", so it has an incredibly huge fear factor, which is what terrorists aim for. The number of people who would actually be seriously injured or killed by the nuclear materials in any reasonable dirty bomb would be nearly insignificant. (I'm sure it would be significant to those affected, but the chemical explosives would kill many more.)

    --
    Mod down posts with a "Free Mac Mini/iPod" sig, they're spam!
  28. Cowboys are getting to be a real problem by Sloppy · · Score: 3, Funny
    Los Alamos Lab director Pete Nanos, tired of security lapses at the northern New Mexico facility, has brought nearly all work there to a standstill and is calling scofflaw "cowboys" out for a final showdown.
    ...
    Nanos blamed "cowboys" who are disobeying rules on the handling of sensitive material and said: "I don't care how many people I have to fire to make it stop."
    A lot of people, 'specially you eastern folk, probably don't realize what life is like here in New Mexico.

    You see, the researchers used to be able to roam all over the 'Net. Was a time you could drive a meg of bytes all the way from MAE West to Atlanta. But then, what happened was, these firewalls started popping up and the days of free range data transfer were over.

    Naturally, a lot of cowboys were sore about what happened to their livelihood, and they're in an ornery mood. You tell 'em they have to follow these here procedures and they all, "haw haw, listen to the uptight city slicker try to tell us rules!"

    --
    As copyright owner of this comment, I authorize everyone to defeat any technological measure which limits access to it.
  29. Re:Never mind the data by tftp · · Score: 3, Informative
    If a commercial airliner has lost all radio contact they would not be able to get through to air traffic control at the airport, making the landing dangerous.

    It is possible, but not very likely, to lose radio contact. A commercial aircraft usually has several generators (one per engine) and at least one battery. The battery is never used, except in emergencies. Normally all generators work and all the equipment is powered up. If one or several generators fail then automatically some equipment is disconnected, in order of importance. The radio stays on even if *all* generators fail (it is then powered from the battery, and will last for long enough to land the aircraft. The battery will also provide electrical power to the engines (fuel pumps etc.)

    In any case, if the radio indeed fails, the ATC on the ground will know it before even the pilots do. And as soon as pilots realize that they have no contact, they will take some safe course until instructed by any means possible to land. Any other aircraft may be instructed to approach and to lead them, not just a military one.

  30. When I was in the US Navy... by Like2Byte · · Score: 3, Funny

    I was in charge (as an E-4, woo. :| ) of a detail of other E-1s through E-4s monitoring people entering and leaving the building. One of our responibilities was to check all bags leaving the building.

    One day, some contractors came through the desk - on their way out - while I was there. My man asked them what was in the box and they said, "Nothing. Just some test equipment."

    My man almost let them through when I told them we'd need a look inside. They became a little annoyed and started pleading their case in the hopes that we lowly E-4s and below would just back down; but, I was incistant.

    When the box was opened it contained two classified manuals. The base commander, several 'real' security guards and the civilian's boss chewed them out on the quarter deck in front of everyone.

    Turned out, they had clearance and even had authorization to carry classified information (but they forgot their cards.) Thinking they'd just brow-beat us they attemted something stupid.

    I got an 'atta-boy' for that one. {sigh - oh well.}

  31. Because removeable media works. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful
    Perhaps the best question to ask in this situation is why these labs are still using removable data storage devices to store sensitive information.
    Because it's fairly cheap to purcase a safe large enough to physically secure a single disk. Yes, you can also use a diskless computer to access data over a network, but if your workflow requires a computer with disk (for data caching, OS loading, swap, whatever), then that disk needs to be tracked as classified media (inventoried, placed in a secure repository when not in use, etc) even if the weapons data is stored on a server someplace else.

    As a quick reality check, visit LANL's ASC site to convince yourself that (1) there's no way that they are carrying all that data around on floppies and (2) that given the scope of the computational effort, there are probably some operations that exceed the capability of a Javastation, XTerminal, or diskless Linux box.