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rrwood writes "This is an intriguing insight into the activities of a master Canadian counterfeiter. The subject of the article, Wesley Weber, is/was a distinguished hacker and cracker who used a combination of technological skills and social engineering to produce what is probably the highest-quality counterfeit currency ever detected in Canada. Even more interesting to note is the widescale effect this one guy had, since he and his confederates single-handedly managed to force businesses to stop accepting $100CDN bills, thus affecting literally millions of people. The story is a fascinating look at his brief career, and the dumb, shortsighted mistakes ultimately responsible for his downfall."

44 of 482 comments (clear)

  1. Yeah, but... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Funny

    It's Canadian money. That doesn't count.

    (It's a joke! Posting anon since I'll be modded down to hell.)

    1. Re:Yeah, but... by Justin205 · · Score: 3, Funny

      But luckily it will be worth something in a few hundred years if it keeps going the way it is!

      (I'm Canadian -- I can say that.)

      --
      "Your effort to remain what you are is what limits you."
    2. Re:Yeah, but... by willy134 · · Score: 5, Insightful

      highest-quality counterfeit currency ever detected

      Yeah those who do better are never detected. He is still not good enough obviously.

      --
      Can you ping me now?... Good!
  2. Obligatory USian Viewpoint by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

    "All that Canadian money looks phony to me!"

    1. Re:Obligatory USian Viewpoint by Skjie · · Score: 5, Insightful

      At least it's harder to make Canadian money, with all the colours, than the green USD.

    2. Re:Obligatory USian Viewpoint by kfg · · Score: 5, Interesting

      I actually said that once ( I was younger and stupider) to a sweet young thing I met while staying in Quebec. She turned to me and told me that since most play money in Canada is green American play money to them it's American money that always looks like it's play money.

      As it turns out it's all relative to your reference frame. Who woulda thunk it?

      KFG

  3. Knight Blinder. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

    "Even more interesting to note is the widescale effect this one guy had, since he and his confederates single-handedly managed to force businesses to stop accepting $100CDN bills, thus affecting literally millions of people."

    One man can make a difference.

  4. Mum always said... by ebsf1 · · Score: 5, Funny

    Work hard and you can 'make' lots of money.

  5. YRO? by athakur999 · · Score: 5, Insightful

    So this is filed under the YRO category because....?

    Or is counterfeiting another one of those things t3h 3v1l g0v3rnm3n7 is trying to take away?

    --
    "People that quote themselves in their signatures bother me" - athakur999
    1. Re:YRO? by Sheepdot · · Score: 5, Interesting

      I once had the idea of making counterfeit US money for tourists travelling to other countries. The idea was that when you ran into someone who mugged you, instead of giving them your wallet you'd just pull out your money clip of fake US twenties, tens, and fives and give it to them.

      The sheer joy at landing such a great deal of cash will dissuade them from stealing actual valuables like cameras, credit cards, and checks. After all, when you've just been handed say, $400 in cash, why bother trying to hide the other stuff you just stole?

      Besides, those new bills look so fake, they are extremely easy to duplicate by appearance anyway. And a look of grief over losing it is so easy to fake. So that is a legitimate form of counterfeiting, but yet is illegal to do.

    2. Re:YRO? by huchida · · Score: 3, Insightful

      But when your counterfeiting, are you really stealing anything? Nobody else is deprived of their money, so what's the big deal? If we don't put our foot down now, the government might even outlaw printers soon, just like they want to do with p2p. :-P

      You might get away with it. And it may get passed along a few times. But sooner or later the counterfeit bill will be discovered, probably by a bank, and it will be taken away from the unsuspecting person who thought it was real. You aren't reimbursed for a counterfeit bill that is confiscated.

      So yes, it is stealing. Someone's going to be out the money.

    3. Re:YRO? by stephanruby · · Score: 3, Insightful
      "I believe the term you're looking for is *"Libertarian" ;) "

      No, I don't think so. The overwhelming majority of Libertarians are actually the only ones that understand that the dilution of the money supply is a form of fraud (and really has nothing whatsoever to do with copyright violation).

      The majority of the people supporting the other parties either don't understand this point, or they are simply unaware that this form of fraud is being perpetrated by our own government right now.

    4. Re:YRO? by jamesh · · Score: 4, Insightful

      your cries of 'but your honour, I only intended this fake cash to thwart muggers' will be laughed out of court.

      Monopoly money might do just as well though :)

    5. Re:YRO? by psaltes · · Score: 3, Insightful

      The overwhelming majority of Libertarians are actually the only ones that understand that the dilution of the money supply is a form of fraud (and really has nothing whatsoever to do with copyright violation).

      Actually, in my experience, libertarians fall in to two groups: (i) they think pot should be legal, and (ii) they are rich enough that they don't feel like paying taxes. All other justifications that either group comes up with are after the fact; just window dressing. Not that those reasons are necessarily bad, but I haven't found libertarians to be a very insightful bunch w.r.t. public policy, economic policy, etc.

  6. The advertisements by Man+of+E · · Score: 5, Interesting

    Isn't it great how there are advertisements for inkjet printers on the second, third, fourth pages of the article? Now you know, those things just pay for themselves if you use them right :-)

    --
    Ceci n'est pas une sig
    1. Re:The advertisements by Will_Malverson · · Score: 5, Funny
      Now you know, those things just pay for themselves if you use them right :-)


      Not really. Have you checked the price of ink cartridges lately?
  7. Summary of article... by cjustus · · Score: 4, Insightful
    Just finished reading this in the magazine minutes ago... 20 something small time guy begins creating relatively good counterfeit $100 notes... Produces between 6 and 16 million dollars worth... All while on probation... One interesting idea is that he doesn't pass the money himself, but rather sells it for 20% of it's value to others... The counterfeit money has a street price of around 70% of the face value... Interesting that there is a relatively clear distribution system and market pricing at various levels...

    Pretty hard to find stores that take $100 bills these days around here, but the article notes that acceptance is improving, that counterfeit money is quite rare (1 bill per 290 people) ... and that new bill technology is making it harder and harder...

    Also points out that the vast majority of people are lazy, don't look at the bills, and that frequently even really bad copies will be accepted from time to time...

    1. Re:Summary of article... by dsanfte · · Score: 4, Interesting

      One bill per 290 people isn't rare. It's commonplace. Every store here has a UV currency checker. McDonalds employees are getting a crash course in currency examination. At one store where they'd gotten two counterfeit 50s in a single day, they not only stopped taking 100s and 50s, they refused to take the "old" 5s 10s and 20s, and even held the new ones up to the light. We had to wait in line while they did this for every single customer.

      Please tell me it's like this in the states, and tell me again how 1 in 290 is rare.

      --
      occultae nullus est respectus musicae - originally a Greek proverb
    2. Re:Summary of article... by orenmnero · · Score: 4, Informative

      Well, according to the Bank of Canada, 36 billion was in circulation in 2001, and 19 cents per person in circulation was counterfeit. Canada has a population of about 32,000,000, so 32,000,000 * 0.19 =~ 6,000,000. 6,000,000 / 36,000,000,000 = 1.67e-4. 40% of this value was accounted for by $100 counterfeits.

      Now, the bank says there are about 1.1 billion notes in circulation, or 35 per person. If there is one counterfiet bill per 290 people, that comes to 32,000,000 / 290 = 110,000 counterfiet bills in circulation. So again 110,000 / 1,100,000,000 = 0.0001, or 1 bill per 10,000.

      Obviously these places run around distribution rings and some places will see a much higher frequency than others. And one currency, the $20, accounts for 50% of counterfeits. So in comparison, those will be relatively frequent, while the others will be much less so.

      http://www.bankofcanada.ca/en/review/summer04/ch an t.htm

  8. New bills by g-to-the-o-to-the-g · · Score: 5, Informative

    This is sorta irrelavent now, because recently the Canadian mint has come out with several new bills which are extremely difficult to counterfeit. THe new $20 bill came out last week I believe, and we've had new $100, $10 and $5 bills for ages now.

    1. Re:New bills by stubear · · Score: 3, Insightful
      "This is sorta irrelavent now, because recently the Canadian mint has come out with several new bills [www.cbc.ca] which are extremely difficult to counterfeit."
      That's all fine and well but have they pulled all the old currency out of circulation and if not are they planning on pulling it anytime soon?

      Two problems plague countries that face high rates of counterfeit currency. First, the expense of putting new currency into the publics hands is large enough without having to worry about pulling old currency. As long as older bills are around, people can counterfeit them and expect places to accept them should they slip past the meager, if any at all, counterfeit detection most stores employ. Iraq recently went through a currency exchange program and it was utter chaos. The Apocalypse would be far more orderly if they tried something like that in the US.

      The second problem is where currency is counterfeited. The US's biggest problem with counterfeit currency isn't in the states, it's overseas and in some countries in South and Central America. Many drug cartels in Columbia have been caught counterfeiting US currency as well. These countries lack the knowledge and/or ability to properly detect counterfeit US currency and it's not until the money is eventually transferred to US banks that it's caught.
    2. Re:New bills by mindstrm · · Score: 4, Informative

      Yes - they are pulling the old bills out of circulation.

      Notice the MAIN problem with counterfitting in Canada, and it was mentioned repeatedly in the article, is that people simply did not usually check.. because we didn't have a real big problem with fake bills previously.

      Second.. US currency, outside the US.
      As someone who spends US currency and lives in central america.. you are correct, but for the wrong reasons.

      People here do indeed know how to detect fake US currency; in fact, they are probably MORE aware of it than most people in the US. US bills are very closely examined here by everyone, and there are TONS of fakes out there. Every bar I know has sample fakes they've caught people with.

      Further to that.. if you are passing a fake here, the cops won't be called unless you are literally trying to buy something big with entirely fake money. A merchant finding a note to be fake will say "This is fake" and probably give it back to you, if he feels in the mood. Even the banks; on depositing money into a bank, if they find one US bill to be fake, they'll tell you so, punch a hole in it, and let you keep it. They would actually have to suspect you of trying to scam them before they'll get the authorities involved.

      The reason counterfeitting is a much bigger deal in latin america is because, to put it plainly, it's a lot easier to get away with.

      Counterfeitting something that is not legal tender isn't all that big a deal.. you won't go to the federal pen unless you counterfeit the local currency.

      Drug cartels counterfeit because the distribution methods needed to profit from it are identical to those used for drugs.. they are already in a position to move the stuff without any additional effort or risk.

  9. US currency Legal Tender by SuperBanana · · Score: 4, Informative
    businesses to stop accepting $100CDN bills, thus affecting literally millions of people

    I was under the impression that doing so at least in the US was illegal, until I actually (gasp!) googled it to make sure I was.

    First link was to the US Treasury Department's FAQ on just that subject: Legal Tender Status.

    I always thought it was illegal to refuse currency, but that nobody enforced it. Learn something every day. Honestly- it should be illegal for businesses to refuse currency; I don't care about the inconvenience of them having to change a $50 or $100 bill; if it's all I've got and I need gas, food, or lodging, well, they should have to accept it. It's very easy for it to be an issue of safety, and absurd to have money in your pocket in the industrialized world and not be able to use it. Nevermind that it should not be compulsory to use plastic.

    1. Re:US currency Legal Tender by RazzleFrog · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Why should it be illegal? I don't agree with any law that says that I must be forced to sell to you (which is essentially what you are saying). It is my business and my choice whether I let you pay for a $2 candy bar with a $100 bill. Now if I chose to not sell to you because of race, color or creed then you might have a case.

    2. Re:US currency Legal Tender by InfiniteWisdom · · Score: 4, Insightful

      If $50 or $100 is all you've got then you head over to an ATM and get some twenties. You can find those easily in the industralized world, right? No reason for the guy behind the register in the convenience store to have to assume the added risk of having hundreds of dollars in the till. You're not the only one for which it can be an issue of safety, you know?

    3. Re:US currency Legal Tender by Malc · · Score: 4, Insightful

      As a business man, why should I do business with you if I don't want to? Maybe I'm not so desparate or greedy that I need your money. Don't be so self-centred!

    4. Re:US currency Legal Tender by mindstrm · · Score: 3, Insightful

      It shoudln't be.. a business should be free to accept or refuse whatever terms of barter they like.

      Why should any merchant have to accept anything? You have no contract with them; you are free to take your business elsewhere. They don't OWE you anything... that's the whole point. If the terms of the deal aren't favorable.. either party can refuse. If you don't like it, you can take your business to someone else who has more favorable ways of doing business. If your opinion is shared by many, then the merchant who serves you better will do well.

      Legal tender counts towards paying off debts.. that's it. You cannot refuse to take payment of money owed to you if it's in the legal tender, and the exact amount. If you do, a court won't be sympathetic.

      I think it should be compulsory for utilities to accept cash for payment of bills.. but that should be handled as a regulation on utilities, and not on the use of currency itself.

  10. Huh? by sirReal.83. · · Score: 4, Insightful

    "Highest-quality counterfeit currency ever detected"

    Is that anything like "America's greatest solved mysteries" ?
  11. The technology in a Canadian banknote rivals that by t0qer · · Score: 4, Funny
    The technology in a Canadian banknote rivals that of cellphones and other gadgets it shares pockets and purses with, putting the machinery and technical skill needed to exactly reproduce anti-counterfeit features beyond the reach of those who would thwart them.


    So how long before we see Canadian dollars running BSD? Will a beowulf cluster make my money work for me?
  12. Re:Crap... by Justin205 · · Score: 3, Funny

    We go off and shoot a beaver or two (or moose, if that's more your thing) and then trade them...

    "I'll give you two beaver pelts for the 512 MB of RAM."

    (I'm a Canadian -- So I can make fun of Canada. :P)

    --
    "Your effort to remain what you are is what limits you."
  13. obligatory canada currency joke by Guano_Jim · · Score: 4, Funny

    This guy is clearly a loonie.

  14. Looooong article, but worth the read by MoralHazard · · Score: 5, Insightful

    I highly recommend RTFAing. It's a good story, and lots of juicy techy details.

    The biggest problem, it seems to me, is that whatever technical features they introduce to protect banknotes, it doesn't do a damn bit of good unless every high-school dropout grocery clerk can use those features effectively to identify bad notes. You could have forty kinds of anti-counterfeiting devices on a note, but unless the public can easily and quickly use those features, they aren't going to help.

    This got me started thinking on using crypto to protect banknotes--try embedding an RFID-type device into every banknote, with a simple chip that can perform a SHA-1 signing back-ending the RFID mechanism. An RF device sends a random number to the bill, which receives that number and SHA-1 signs it, and returns the signature. If you put the same private key into all of the bills, you could build relatively simple, hand-held currency scanners that all have the public key and can verify that the bill is real.

    This has its problems:
    1) Can we actually build a chip/RF mechanism small enough and robust enough to be used in paper currency?
    2) I can imagine this kind of mechanism adding a lot of expense to the note manufacturing process.
    3) In order to use this, you'd have to distribute gazillions of RF scanners to the point-of-sale. Expensive, and not fast to get that kind of gadget penetration.
    4) Tamper-resistence: you have to build the SHA-1 chips so that they can't be broken open. This is similar to the MS Trusted Computing issue--is it possible to store a key in a physical device such that the key cannot be extracted physically?

    That last problem is the worst--it's a lot like the DVD CSS encryption scheme problem. It works find until ONE INSTANCE of the private key gets broken, and then everybody has the key to every single banknote in circulation. And then the whole thing is kaput, money down the drain (literally). So it would be awfully important to solve the tamper-proofing issue, before you went ahead with this idea.

    Shit, I gotta get a girlfriend--posting coherent ideas to Slashdot at 11 on a Friday night is pretty busted.

    1. Re:Looooong article, but worth the read by chris_sawtell · · Score: 3, Interesting

      Yup, the story _is_ gripping, but at the same time both the parent posting and the story show how current thinking about paper money is fatally flawed.

      The fix is to have EFT-POS used widely, and to have a much less counterfeitable currency for the odd transaction which still needs it. Here in little old NZ almost every business doing legitimate cash sales has a terminal. The 'paper' money is printed on a clear plastic film, with the registration of the printing on the two sides of the plastic being perfect. There are two 'holes' in the printing where you can check it. Certainly it's quite impossible to replicate it using a computer and an ink-jet printer. For a central bank to design a currency so that a kid with a printer worth a few hundred bucks can replicate it so simply is just plain lunacy on the part of the central bank. Leaves the country open to economic sabotage by any bunch of wealthy neredowells. Think of the social chaos if Al-Qaeda dropped a few tons of forged banknotes on any Western city. The cash economy would grind to a halt in a day or two.

  15. JSG Boggs by vena · · Score: 4, Interesting

    if you want to talk about art, let's talk about JSG Boggs. this man DRAWS the notes BY HAND, and has been doing it since 1984. his art is not only his physical artistic ability in recreating the bills in great detail (with his little added puns), but in creating social networks around the passing of his bills. he tells people they're not real bills and gives them the choice of accepting his art in return for goods and services, or to accept real money.

  16. er... filed under "Your Rights Online" ? by bani · · Score: 4, Funny

    what, /. editors believe counterfeiting is a constitutional right or something?

  17. It could be worse, people here take $200 bills by stretch0611 · · Score: 3, Funny

    Some idiot actually accepted a $200 bill with GW Bush on the front. Its hard to beat that. Here is the link to that article.

    --
    Looking for a job?
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    DON'T USE TUNAREZ!!!
  18. This guy is my cousin! by B5_geek · · Score: 5, Interesting

    Wes has never been after more then a get-rich-quick kind of guy. Every type of scam/pyramid scheme out there he has tried at least once.

    He has always worked very hard at not working. Anything to make an easy buck.

    He has also been arrested for growing pot, (several million dollars worth IIRC).

    This guy is not worthy of any praise or adoration. We (the family) strongly suspect that he was a scape goat for organized crime in Toronto. He is NOT the evil mastermind that the media is making him out to be.

    I know his MO. He will be back in jail again.

    --
    "The price good men pay for indifference to public affairs is to be ruled by evil men." ~Plato (427-347 BC)
  19. Simple, time spend spending them by SmallFurryCreature · · Score: 4, Informative
    Say you got a big stack of 10.000 notes. Now you want to convert them to real money. There are a numbed of ways to do it but the simplest is either selling the stack to someone else for real money who will then spend the fake or spend the fakes yourselve.

    The way to do it is to buy goods with fake money and get real goods and real change. You can then return or resale the goods for more real money.

    So why not $1 dollar bills? What exactly would that buy you? 1 Mars bar? That would only work if you had a very low initial investment to counterfeit and were just using it to take care of living expenses. Just the small problem then that there would be a steady stream of counterfits near your house with your finger prints on it.

    You can buy more expensive goods with $1 dollar bills but people get suspiscious when you pay for a new car with a pallet of cash.

    Counterfit money is the balance between being low enough in value to be easily accepted and high enough in value to be worthwhile spending.

    --

    MMO Quests are like orgasms:

    You may solo them, I prefer them in a group.

  20. usually... by circletimessquare · · Score: 4, Funny

    i prefer cash rather than gifts from my relatives on birthdays/ christmas

    you have a good reason to prefer gifts i think

    --
    intellectual property law is philosophically incoherent. it is your moral duty to ignore it or sabotage it
  21. Re:$100 CN by Veridium · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Nice try... Face the facts, you guys are stuck with us. The second you try to buddy up with the Europeans, GW will proclaim you a rogue state, that you are harboring terrorists, and that you are stockpiling WMD. Within a few months, we will bomb you, occupy you, and proclaim you liberated.

    On a serious note(yes, I was joking), you don't realize this yet, but it's the Euro that gives the EU the strength to stand up to us(speaking US centric here). Alot of people don't seem aware of this, but Iraq was a proxy war against the Euro. Saddam began selling oil in Euros back in '99 and because of the strength of the Euro, this proved lucrative for Iraq. Other Oil producing nations were talking about doing it as a result. That would have threatened the dollars standing as the world reserve currency, and thus, Americas ability to live the good life on credit. As long as oil is priced in dollars, everyone needs our dollars and they need our dollars to be valuable, so they work towards making them valuable.

    I know this whole thread is somewhat offtopic, but it really sucks that so few people seem to grasp the signifigance of all this. If you wanted to stand up to the US for real, you would need to embrace the EUs currency. The power of the US is rooted in the power of the dollar. Thems the facts. If the world rejected the US dollar as its reserve currency, and oil was suddenly priced in non-dollars, our ability to make war would be cut out from underneath us and our economy would collapse.

    Research fiat banking and the history of it and you'll begin to understand why this is.

    --
    Think for yourself, destroy your television.
  22. Has anyone noticed? by BCW2 · · Score: 3, Insightful

    All the criminals you hear about are dumb? They all do something stupid to get caught. The smart ones are the ones you'll never hear about. Maybe their crime will get coverage but you'll never hear the name.

    I'm sure there are some smart one out there, but I've never heard of them.

    --
    Professional Politicians are not the solution, they ARE the problem.
  23. If it is done on sufficient scale by Sycraft-fu · · Score: 5, Insightful

    It's ALWAYS detected. The thing is money has serial numbers and those are tracked. So, even if you print counterfit bills that are 100% identicle to real ones (nearly impossible) you'll either being coliding with existing serial numbers, or using ones that aren't valid. This'll get notied if you do it in any sort of reasonable scale.

    It's the same thing as why there are no usable keygens for MMORPGs. It's not that the crackers can't reverse the algoithm for the keys, that's trivial. Problem is any key you generate will either be one that hasn't yet been issued, and therefore is invalid on the servers (most likely), or one that has been issued, and thus can't be used again.

  24. Re:MUCH Stiffer Penalties Needed! by MachDelta · · Score: 3, Interesting
    Prison is NOT about reform. It's about punishment and deterrent. Period.
    See, this is EXACTLY where Republican USA and Liberal Canada differ. In Canada, the penal system is not about ridding the world of murders and rapists, or locking people away forever. Yes, it is a punishment and a deterrent, but it's those things with the hope - nay, expectation - of reform. I think you'll find Canadians (and many other parts of the world for that matter) will agree that making a productive member of society out of a troublemaker is far better than just locking them away forever. If it's ever at all nessecary to remove someone from the general populace, it should be done with the expectation that they can be rehabilitated and reintroduced, safely, back into the public. Sure, in some extreme cases, this process might take a very long time if it ever happens at all, but the possibility is almost always there. Maybe its something in the water, but generally, ours is a society that believes in second chances. How can you justify seizing ultimate power over someone elses life? Just because a book or a rule somewhere says you can? If murder is really one of the ultimate sins against society, what makes it acceptable for the same society to turn around and weild it as a weapon or tool? Surely there are alternate methods that could be persued, rather than just exterminating troublesome members of society.

    Not that i'm a Liberal Canadian myself, mind you. I'm actually more right-wing than anything (which is still tame by American standards), but I just wanted to offer an alternative viewpoint. I'd actually agree with you on the case that this guy probably should have been given more jailtime. I don't think that gives anyone the right to use him as a slave though. But I guess thats just the difference between you and me, and where we live. Me, I kind of like Canada, even if it can be a little soft at times.

    Cheers, eh?
  25. Re:$100 CN by Veridium · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Do you really believe this crazy talk?

    What exactly is crazy about it? It's not like I'm saying that a secret world government is working with aliens...

    Asia's foreign exchange reserves totally swamp any one oil producing country's oil revenues.

    How does this contradict anything I said? Think about this... Why does Asia hold dollars and not Euro's? Why does any industrialized nation choose to hold dollars, despite our debt, despite our deficits, despite the worldwide illwill towards America? Answer: They need oil and oil is priced only in dollars. This is a simple answer, there are other complexities involved with certain trading partners, but by and large, this is the answer.

    Furthermore, oil is traded on markets.

    Yes, in dollars. Versus other commodities that are traded in a variety of currencies. No dollar, no oil.

    Saddam era Iraq would have needed a handful of other countrys togo along with him in a game of brinksmanship to try to tweak the oil market enough to change its ways.

    Yes, I never at any point claimed Iraq could do much on its own. What we feared, what we always fear, was the "domino effect". Iran and Venezuela were both toying with the idea of pricing their oil in something other than dollars. While you can no doubt conjure up enough islamo fascist demons to demonstrate why we would target Iran, why did we suddenly villainize Venezuela? You'll see as we go forward, any oil producing country that talks about selling oil in anything but dollars will be quickly villainized. We can't allow it if US hegemony is to continue. Pricing oil in Euros was a political tactic, but not one that would ever succeed

    Definetly not with one country doing it, but if a substantial number of oil producing countries were to do it, it would succeed. There is nothing crazy in what I'm saying at all. I think you're thinking I'm saying that if Iraq continued to do that by itself it would have toppled us. I wasn't saying that. If a substantial number of oil producing countries began pricing their oil in Euro's, there would be a large number of countries who would reduce their dollar reserves and increase their Euro reserves. This would greatly impact the value of the dollar and would substantially reduce our ability to sway other nations.

    --
    Think for yourself, destroy your television.