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Hacking the iPod Firmware

skreuzer writes "Earlier in the week, someone figured out how to get all the fonts and graphics off the iPod's firmware. Today, Engadget has an article that details on how to mod your own iPod's firmware and display just about any graphic for icons such as power, battery, status, etc."

45 of 273 comments (clear)

  1. Nothing to see here, please move along... by isa-kuruption · · Score: 4, Funny

    I'm waiting for the NetBSD-iPod-HOWTO.txt

    1. Re:Nothing to see here, please move along... by billdar · · Score: 2, Informative

      There is a Howto on making a linux bootable from an iPod.
      That way, you can always reboot any NetBSD machine into linux and access your iPod there. When your done, fall back to NetBSD.

      --
      I am billdar, and I approve this message.
    2. Re:Nothing to see here, please move along... by Zerikai · · Score: 2, Insightful

      What's so strange, the guys know more of programming anything in Windows than they know of MacOs X?

  2. adding in OGG? by the_2nd_coming · · Score: 4, Interesting

    when will some one hack it to play Ogg?

    --



    I am the Alpha and the Omega-3
    1. Re:adding in OGG? by bhunachchicken · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Please forgive my ignorance, but why was parent modded as funny?

      When I came to choose a digital music player the choice for me was obviously an iRiver. Since I have an extensive collection of Ogg files and I generally rip CDs in Ogg format, an Ogg player was the best choice.

      I'm sure I'm not alone in my decision and my situation, so giving the iPod Ogg support would have meant me buying that instead of the iRiver.

      Having said that, the HP-120 is great and I highly recommend it to anyone with an extensive Ogg collection.

    2. Re:adding in OGG? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Informative

      the current ipods can't decode ogg. their processors can't handle that kind of decoding, so even if you could mod it, it most likely wouldn't be able to keep up and play properly

    3. Re:adding in OGG? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Informative

      According to Page 2 at MacRumors, Apple will add playback of both OGG and FLAC in the iPod and iTunes at MWSF on January 11th.

    4. Re:adding in OGG? by Wesley+Felter · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Good luck getting surround sound out of the iPod hardware.

    5. Re:adding in OGG? by Salsaman · · Score: 2, Insightful
      Why? Does OGG offer any "technical" advantages or are your reasons for wanting it purely political?

      Yes, it is superior quality to mp3 at the same filesize.

      Why not just rip your CDs you bought in ACC format?

      Please tell me where I can find an ACC ripper. BTW I use Linux on all my machines.

    6. Re:adding in OGG? by physicsnerd · · Score: 2, Interesting

      There's a page2 rumor over at Macrumors.com that ogg support will be added into Quicktime and iTunes at MWSF. With ogg support in both Quicktime and iTunes it's likely that the iPod software will be updated to play ogg files.

    7. Re:adding in OGG? by Mattintosh · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Why should he have to re-rip his music? Why can't players just support everything currently feasible (OGG used to require floating point stuff, so it wasn't feasible at first) and have support for updates that add more formats as they become popular?

      As long as it's technically possible, every player should support every format. AIFF, WAV, AU, MP2, MP3, OGG, MOD, S3M, XM, IT, AAC (M4A, M4P), WMA... these should all be supported. Heck, iTunes (back when it was still SoundJam) supported 30+ formats and had a relatively easy plugin system to add more. There's just no excuse not to support everything, unless you're after a slice of the vendor lock-in pie.

      Disclaimer: I am an Apple almost-fanboy and have most of my music in AAC format. I personally couldn't care less about .ogg support on the iPod.

    8. Re:adding in OGG? by diamondsw · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Um, think about this for a minute. The main site of MacRumors is devoted to *rumors*. This wasn't even good enough to make the front page.

      Sure, it'd be nice, but it's as likely as a snowball in a fusion reactor.

      --
      I don't know what kind of crack I was on, but I suspect it was decaf.
    9. Re:adding in OGG? by dgatwood · · Score: 2, Interesting
      I haven't seen much stuff encoded with Apple's encoder, so it's hard to say. If memory serves, I think the labels do their own encoding. Somebody once told me that a lot of it was encoded with the Fraunhofer AAC encoder rather than Apple's. If you rip something from CD and it sounds different from the iTMS version, that's probably why.

      There's no question in my mind that Ogg sounds better than the Fraunhofer AAC encoder. That encoder sounds awful whenever there's near-continuous cymbal, with all sorts of flanging in the highs.

      Of course, where Ogg excels (and AAC falls flat) is on thinner music such as string quartets, solo voice and piano, etc. When there isn't much to mask the AAC artifacts, it sounds pretty terrible, IMHO.

      What I'd like to see would be not just Ogg Vorbis support on the iPod, but Ogg Vorbis support in the music store---leave the codec decisions (Fraunhofer AAC, Apple AAC, Fraunhofer MP3, LAME MP3, Ogg Vorbis... in either CBR or VBR form) to the people doing the encoding. Let them choose whatever sounds best at that bitrate. Then wrap it all in an encryption wrapper like they do with AAC. That way, all the music on the music store would sound as good as possible (assuming the person doing the encoding was willing to try various codecs and see which one sounded best).

      Just my $0.02.

      --

      Check out my sci-fi/humor trilogy at PatriotsBooks.

    10. Re:adding in OGG? by Jeff+DeMaagd · · Score: 2, Interesting

      iTunes allows people to import CDs and encode them to MP3, so AAC is beside the point, in my opinion.

      I know MP3 is a patent encumbered format, the plain fact is that there is no realistic way of getting around it for consumer hardware, if it doesn't play MP3, it doesn't sell, so they will for the forseeable future, feature MP3.

      I'm not sure how much more efficient OGG is, but unless it is 50% or more efficient for the same sound quality than MP3, I think that efficiency is kind of moot as storage capacity increases every year anyway.

    11. Re:adding in OGG? by graffix_jones · · Score: 2, Informative

      Well, if you're a Mac users, there's already OGG support for Quicktime and iTunes.

      Quicktime OGG component

      It's actually been out for quite a while... the only problem is that the OGG support doesn't automagically carry over to the iPod.

  3. Microsoft by Basehart · · Score: 3, Funny

    Cool - all the folks in Redmond have to do is put Microsoft on the splash screen and that's the end of the problem.

  4. I wish... by Ilgaz · · Score: 3, Funny

    I wish I could be authorized Apple service center right now.

    Lots of customers coming ;)

  5. Its only changing some icons & graphics. by Viol8 · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Hardly modding the firmware! Isn't there some way of programming your own apps on the thing?

    1. Re:Its only changing some icons & graphics. by damiam · · Score: 5, Informative

      Yes. The easiest way at the moment is iPod Linux.

      --
      It's hard to be religious when certain people are never incinerated by bolts of lightning.
    2. Re:Its only changing some icons & graphics. by macemoneta · · Score: 3, Informative
      True hackers wouldn't need an SDK, they'd just create their own binary and upload it. Uploading is the hard part I suspect if you don't have an EPROM blower (assuming the EPROM in the IPOD can even be removed from the circuit board).

      The firmware is in the first partition of the disk drive, so updating the firmware (from Linux) is just:

      dd if=new-ipod-firmware of=/dev/sda1

      (where sda1 is replaced with the actual device on your system). The iPod expands the firmware and then reboots to use it.

      The only tricky part is that Apple doesn't distribute the firmware file outside of their updater application, so you have to download the Windows updater and then use a resource hacking tool to extract it.

      --

      Can You Say Linux? I Knew That You Could.

    3. Re:Its only changing some icons & graphics. by ben_rh · · Score: 2, Informative

      No need for the resource hacking tool.

      When you build the bootloader it needs a copy of the firmware you want to use, and the kernel you want to boot Linux with. To get the firmware, you can just download the newest updater from Apple's website, use that other OS to update the iPod with it, and then just do a

      dd if=/dev/sda1 of=./apple-firmware.

      Then, the bootloader package has a tool to truncate that partition image (32MB iirc) to the actual bootloader. Done, and no windows trickery required, apart from the necessary iPod Updater run.

      Actually now I think about it, the tool in the bootloader package is probably doing a similar job on the partition image as the resource hacker is in Windows. Ah well, always nicer to do it with dd ;)

  6. Comment removed by account_deleted · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Comment removed based on user account deletion

  7. Funny battery monitor by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

    I did this. I changed the power monitor so it starts as a fully erect cock that becomes more and more flaccid as the battery runs down - it's totally hilarious. Of course, now people think I'm a gay pervert. But it's worth it.

    1. Re:Funny battery monitor by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Funny

      I don't even want to know what you use as a splash screen ;)

  8. Warranty and Apple's Defaults by Brainix · · Score: 2, Insightful
    From the article, "This most certainly voids your warranty..."

    As far as I can tell, this can't damage the iPod's hardware, can it? I hope that companies grow more "hacker friendly" in the future--offer stronger warranties, and allow (even encourage) tinkering.

    Also, I'd be more interested in hacks like this if I weren't so happy with Apple's nice default UI. Don't get me wrong--it's a wonderful technical achievement that these guys have hacked the iPod's firmware. I just think that most iPod owners are happy with the default graphics.

    --
    Raj Against the Machine! http://social-butterfly.appspot.com/
    1. Re:Warranty and Apple's Defaults by Bilzmoude · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Well, it voids their warranty because they dont want to pay tech staff to fix it when you mod your firmware, and it locks up.

      When the price of a device is set, is is set with an assumption that a certian level of support is needed. They do not count for people having un-flashable firmware, because they modify their firmware to the point of total failure.

      In any embedded device, it is not hard to write over the wrong part of your firmware, which will block you from restoring your firmware. If you do this, who is going to fix it for you? Also, lets say you modify the firmware to make non-optimal use of the hard drive, causing the hard drive to fail quicker. Should they be responsible for fixing this?

      So, they decide to make firmware mods a warranty voiding act. They are not saying "You cannot mod your firmware". They are saying "If you mod your firmware, we are not responsible for it when it breaks."

  9. Re:Anyone do this to a non iPod photo model? by CrazyBusError · · Score: 4, Funny

    No, it comes up in colour.

    It's a *really* clever firmware hack...

    --
    -Never argue with an idiot. They drag you down to their level, then beat you with experience-
  10. Re:Philosophical Ramifications by Racter · · Score: 2, Insightful

    "No passion in the world is equal to the passion to alter someone else's draft."

    - H.G. Wells

  11. Re:Philosophical Ramifications by Oxygen99 · · Score: 2, Informative

    For thousands of years people have been 'modding' their clothes, houses, faces and bodies to distinguish themselves from the herd around them. Given that, I don't think hardware is a special case. If it forms part of your image then it will be changed, adapted or co-opted to help illustrate the personbrand you are. That's just the way human nature works, so no, the plastic surgery generation is irrelevant it's the an expression of desire for status, individuality and the illusion of differentiation.

    Like most other things, it's just "same old, same old".

    --
    I had a dream, bright and carefree, but now there's doubt and gravity
  12. BETTER iPod HACKING GUIDE by mbeck145 · · Score: 4, Informative

    Chris Nowak has figured out how to do something the smart people at engadget couldn't do, hack the iPod images without loosing all your songs or data. Check out Chris's article "iPod Hacking". Props to Nowak for coming up with this.

    http://cnowak.blogspot.com/2004/12/ipod-hacking. ht ml

  13. Re:This is great by penginkun · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Your argument is predicated on the nonsensical idea that the only reason anyone ever buys an iPod is to be seen having an iPod. That only élite, Hollywood types can afford such a device is simply untrue-I own one, my cousin is getting one for Christmas, and I know a few other people who have one. None of us is what you'd call rich.

    I'd gladly pay another three hundred dollars for a new one, because the iPod is, quite simply, the most useful device I've bought in ages. I can (and do) take several days' worth of music with me wherever I go in a box the size of a deck of cards. It's easy to copy music to (and from) the iPod. I can use it as a hard drive. The UI is simple and elegant and clear. The iPod stands head and shoulders above the rest of the pack.

    That's why people buy them.

  14. Just human nature by Kjella · · Score: 3, Insightful

    People have always had a need to stand out in, individually or as a group. It can be your clothes, your car, your behavior, your language, your status symbols, your furniture etc. etc. Both in terms of high status, social group (us vs rest) and individually (you vs world).

    Artists have been creating their own designs forever. Couple hundred years ago here, speaking Latin proved you were a "learned scholar". 100 years ago the executives built housing on top of the hill, workers down the hillside. 60 years ago clothing was used to signalize if you were against the Nazis. 30 years you'd be wearing hippie clothes and join protests. And today you mod your iPod to show how "cool" you are.

    The "plastic surgery" generation is nothing more than human nature with better tools for the job. People were just as willing to endure for the sake of beautey before as they are now.

    Kjella

    --
    Live today, because you never know what tomorrow brings
  15. Re:useful features by echocharlie · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Well said. From a business perspective, why would you want to support a non-proprietary format when you're proprietary one is now a market leader? Things might be different if the iPod wasn't so hot and Apple was forced to add features to try to gain marketshare. Things look different from the top. Just ask Microsoft.

  16. Killer App... by Chrontius · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Since Apple's not doing it, and iPod firmware is no longer clear as mud, let me suggest something to those l33ter than I: A really compelling feature would be a book reader program that can take large text files with limited HTML -- just the basics like bold, italic, and underline, maybe even blockquote.

    With Baen distributing free books in RTF format with many hardbacks, and me getting an iPod for Christmas, this just got a lot more interesting.

    If anyone figures this out, I'd be happy to send a couple Baen CDs (copied) as a thank-you.

  17. Re:This is great by Steve+Cowan · · Score: 3, Insightful

    It's a troll. The "iPods are only cool because they're trendy" comment is posted, in one form or another, in EVERY iPod topic.

    It always illicits the same responses: "I got it because it's the best, not because it's cool", "I hide my iPod to not get mugged for it", and "you slashdot geeks just don't get it". Then the comparisons come up between the iPod and less "hip" players.

    It is absolutely a troll, because it sets out to offend iPod owners and get them to defend their gadget. And what do you mean, "when I posted"... when you posted what?

  18. Re:Anyone do this to a non iPod photo model? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Informative

    Actually, the non-Photo iPod (all models) use a 2-bit (4 color) greyscale screen. This is actually almost exactly like the screen built into Nintendo's Game Boy unit (untill GBC.). The best way I have found to convert full color images to be used with older iPod is to crack open PS> Open the image you would like to import to your iPod. Scale the image to the desired size first. Then, go to Image>Mode>Greyscale and click OK when it asks you to remove all color info. Then go to Image>Mode>RGB color. This is to get the pic back into a 32-bit pallete. You MUST DO THIS, otherwise your image won't dither correctly and it will look like crap. Finally, click Image>Mode>Indexed color... This will open a dialog. For pallete pick Adaptive (perceptual). In the number of colors dialog, type 4. For forced colors, pick Black and White (iPod screen is Black (full on), White (full off), and 33% on, 66% on for 4 'shades'). Enable Dithering using the dither method (NOT pattern) and mess with the percentage of dithering till the image is like you want it. Export to your iPod and enjoy.

  19. Of course it might break the HW by Flexagon · · Score: 4, Interesting

    As far as I can tell, this can't damage the iPod's hardware, can it?

    How do you know? In many highly cost-reduced platforms, critical control is moved into software, so that it might be quite easy to break the hardware by breaking the software. Fiddle with the power management (charging) firmware on some mobile devices and you might blow up the batteries or at least create a serious overheating condition. This kind of thing happens often enough to cause recalls and firmware updates even in "official" firmware to easily back up a claim that hacking the software can break the hardware.

    The earlier sibling's response is also sufficiently valid on its own: the vendor has no obligation to diagnose your problems if you've changed the (software) platform that provides the basis for their diagnosis capability. You didn't pay for an advanced hardware-only diagnostic service.

  20. Re:Forget that, just install Linux on the thing. by Otto · · Score: 2, Interesting

    But what kinda MP3 codec is running in Linux?

    You're not making much sense, there. An MP3 decoder is an MP3 decoder. They're all the same. Some are faster or slower, but they all should produce identical output. MP3 encoders can vary, MP3 decoders cannot (short of implementation bugs, of course).

    The MP3 decoder for the iPodLinux project isn't wholly finished yet because the kernel has some issues with the dual processors in the iPod. Work on making it faster is therefore progressing rather slowly. It's not yet suitable for public consumption, in other words. But for hacking around and trying stuff out, it's great.

    And if you don't want to lose the use of your iPod, the installer can install dual boot. So that you can boot to the Apple firmware by default or boot to the Linux firmware by holding down a button at startup. Or vice-versa. :)

    --
    - Give a man a fire and he's warm for a day, but set him on fire and he's warm for the rest of his life.
  21. It's possible to customize text also... by aqkiva · · Score: 2, Informative

    It's possible to change the text, menus, etc. also. Now you can change the "Do not disconnect." text along with the graphic. Warning: this is nowhere near as user friendly as the ipodwizard program, but it worked for me using a 4th gen. iPod on linux. Just download the firmware with dd from the /dev/sdx1 partition, open up a hex editor and replace whatever text you want. There's a checksum located at 0x421C that needs to be updated. There's a checksum2.c program that can calculate and write a firmware's checksum. I'm not going to post a link to it due to the author's wish to avoid a slashdotting but a bit of searching should find it. I found that this program didn't calculate the checksum correctly but always returned a value 16418 too high so I just modified it to subtract this constant. This is almost certainly specific for my particular ipod verson. After the firmware is written back with dd, the text modifications show up. All the text that can be reasonably edited is located together in one block in the file. I changed what shows up under Settings->About->Format from "Windows" to "Linux" so now I have a Linux iPod.

  22. Re:Not for me... by Kiryat+Malachi · · Score: 2, Informative

    Try turning it off and flashing with the phone off, but charging - if I remember properly, this puts it into a USB-receptive mode.

    Then again, you might have nuked that too, I don't know.

    --

    ---
    Mod me down, you fucking twits. Go ahead. I dare you.
    (I read with sigs off.)
  23. read on by gotr00t · · Score: 4, Interesting
    They're currently working on making it work for the newer generation of iPods. Because they use the newer chipset from PortalPlayer, the memory mappings aren't quite the same (please correct me if someone understands this better).

    You can still use your iPod firmware pretty easily. I have Linux installed on my 3G iPod, and it's kinda like a dual-boot.

    If you think about it, it's a lot easier to program in C, using documented libs (podzilla) for the iPod, rather than hacking the Apple firmware and trying to add functionality, which will probably break your firmware anyhow.

  24. Realistically... by allwaysmusic · · Score: 2, Interesting


    Not sure how many people will actually take the time to change the graphics???

    Don't get me wrong... the idea of changing the pictures on your iPod and personalizing your iPod is really cool! I just don't know how many will take the time and effort to do it.

    Really clever firmware hack by the way. :)

    http://allwaysmusic.modblog.com/

  25. Re:Can't be far off. by WJMoore · · Score: 2, Interesting

    I believe Apple have one already. It what they use to produce the iPod screen captures on their website, such as: http://images.apple.com/ipod/images/musiccalendar_ 20040719.gif.

  26. Re:Cool by Moofie · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Careful what you wish for.

    I know that my 4G has a different screen than yours, but it seems like the response time on my screen is really slow. Sometimes it's difficult to read the song title as it's scrolling. It would be nice if I could turn this off.

    However, my #1 most wanted feature would be to decrease the sensitivity of song rating changes. I can't figure out why it doesn't just do one star per quarter-turn or so.

    --
    Why yes, I AM a rocket scientist!
  27. Suggested Image Project by Mignon · · Score: 3, Funny
    I think I spent too much time looking at the infinite cat and iPods around the world pages, but how about this:

    1. Take a picture of your iPod *
    2. Scale appropriately and replace whatever built-in picture you like.
    3. Take a picture of this picture on your iPod *
    4. Go to step 2.
    * If you like, include a cat looking at your iPod.