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Decrypting Kryptos

angkor writes "Kryptos is a sculpture located on the grounds of CIA headquarters in Langley, Virginia. Installed in 1990, its thousands of characters contain encrypted messages, of which three have been solved (so far). There is still a fourth section at the bottom consisting of 97 or 98 characters which remains uncracked."

48 of 235 comments (clear)

  1. Crack? by theluckyleper · · Score: 5, Funny

    Dynamite oughtta crack it...

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    1. Re:Crack? by slAckEr+Of+dOOm · · Score: 5, Funny

      Typical gamer - "if you don't understand it, blow it up"

    2. Re:Crack? by theluckyleper · · Score: 3, Funny

      But a slacker of doom, on the other hand, would spend years working out a way to decipher it? :P

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    3. Re:Crack? by david.given · · Score: 4, Funny
      Typical gamer - "if you don't understand it, blow it up"

      Now, now. The full saying to the shmup motto is, IIRC:

      "If it moves, kill it. If it doesn't move, shoot it until it does. Then kill it."

      Unfortunately I can't find a source --- anyone?

  2. I'll bet it says... by mr_burns · · Score: 5, Funny

    "Stop goofing off. Get back to work"

    --
    "Let him go, Ralph. He knows what he's doing." --Otto Mann (simpsons)
    1. Re:I'll bet it says... by Directrix1 · · Score: 2, Funny

      I solved it, it really says:

      "He who is valiant and pure of spirit may find the
      Holy Grail in the Castle of uuggggggh"

      --
      Occam's razor is the blind faith in the natural selection of least resistance and in universal oversimplification. -- EF
  3. Kryptos? by MikeXpop · · Score: 4, Funny

    Superman must be shaking in his boots right about now.

    --
    Etiquette is etiquette. He kills his mother but he can't wear grey trousers.
  4. Is there a solution? by mistersooreams · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Forgive me for being cynical, but how can we be sure that this final piece is actually crackable? I mean, it would be a cruel joke by Jim Sanborn (the structure's creator) to just include a load of junk, but who's to say he didn't? The fact that the other parts have been deciphered suggests that this last part will give way eventually, but maybe that's just to make the final joke even crueler?

    I hope I'm wrong because that would make this story a lot less interesting, but I just thought it should be mentioned.

    1. Re:Is there a solution? by ncurses · · Score: 5, Insightful

      of course not, it's just some random chars generated by the Arethusa cipher, seeded with the string COMSTOCK.

      --
      Help! I'm being repressed!
    2. Re:Is there a solution? by theluckyleper · · Score: 2, Funny

      Yes, he could've used ye olde book of random numbers, for a laugh.

      If so, he'll get what's coming to him in the geek afterlife: An eternity of this.

      --
      Visit the Game Programming Wiki!
    3. Re:Is there a solution? by iabervon · · Score: 3, Interesting

      It's certainly possible that the area people call "part 4" is actually random junk stuck in to fill up that section of the sculpture (the width of that portion is determined by the first two parts, and the height by the table on the right), and that the final solution to the sculpture uses entirely different elements.

      If the end of the text is part 4, there's probably at least a part 5, because there's a bunch of other stuff in the installation not yet used in any solutions (including, for example, a compass that points the wrong way).

      I wouldn't be surprised, from the known decryptions, if you had to stand with a candle at a certain point and notices the letters cut in the shadow cast by the sculpture at particular points. It seems to me like the bottom rows would be most likely as the letters for this, so it may be that some of the letters are important, but that there's no way to solve it by just looking at a transcript.

    4. Re:Is there a solution? by EvilSporkMan · · Score: 3, Informative

      Actually, the characters you're referring to were NOT generated by Arethusa, they were generated by a Riemann zeta function; this was the whole point of that part of Cryptonomicon. Parent should be right where he is, +3 for Effort.

      --
      -insert a witty something-
    5. Re:Is there a solution? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Informative

      You said "by a Riemann zeta function?" No sir, there is only ONE Riemann zeta function and it is THE Riemann Zeta Function.

      However, the Riemann Zeta Function is part of a family of functions called Dirichlet L-series.

    6. Re:Is there a solution? by Calroth · · Score: 2, Informative

      OK, here we go. From the FAQ:

      Q: Are you sure that Kryptos part 4 is solvable?

      Yes. Both Jim Sanborn and Ed Scheidt have repeated over and over that it's solvable. Sanborn has also been quoted in interviews as saying he was surprised that it hadn't been solved yet. And when Elonka Dunin, co-moderator of the Kryptos group, asked him flat out in mid-2003 whether or not part 4 was solvable, his answer was: "Yes. It ain't easy, but it's solvable!"

  5. 97 or 98? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

    If you can't tell how many characters it has, no wonder it's so hard to crack.

    1. Re:97 or 98? by Zocalo · · Score: 4, Informative
      From the FAQ:

      All of the characters on the ciphertext side of Kryptos have been solved, except for 97 characters at the very bottom. There is also a question mark between parts 3 and 4. Some say the question mark is part of part 3 (since it ends with the question, "Can you see anything q"). However, it's possible that the question mark is part of part 4.

      So, there you go. Having a question mark at the beginning is a little odd, unless it's a hint that you are meant to read it backwards like some of the other Kryptos puzzles.

      --
      UNIX? They're not even circumcised! Savages!
    2. Re:97 or 98? by FuturePastNow · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Having a question mark at the beginning is a little odd

      Maybe it's in Spanish...

      --
      Give a man fire, and you warm him for the night. Set a man on fire, and you warm him for the rest of his life.
  6. I think I got it.. by The+Journalist · · Score: 3, Funny
    There's a "W", then an "e", a space, "a", "r", "e"...

    "We are"..."

    There's more! "s", "o", "r", "r", "y"

    "We are sorry"...We knew this!

    "f", "p", "r" - "We are sorry for" - "t", "h", "e", - "We are sorry for the what!?!

    "i", "n", "c", "o", "n", "v", "e", - almost got it - "n", "i", "e", "n", "c" "e".

    "We are sorry for the inconvenience"? You bastard!!

    *Apologies to DNA, who orignially used this idea as God's final message to the univers.

    1. Re:I think I got it.. by tukkayoot · · Score: 2, Informative
      Well, FTA:

      The encrypted sections include spelling errors, which Sanborn said were intentional, possibly to throw off sleuths, and misaligned characters set higher on a line of text than characters around them.

      So who knows. :)

    2. Re:I think I got it.. by MikeXpop · · Score: 3, Funny
      Hmm, that's funny. I got...
      Be sure to drink your ovaltine
      --
      Etiquette is etiquette. He kills his mother but he can't wear grey trousers.
  7. Re:I have always been curious by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Informative

    It depends on the code. Often it involves looking for patterns, knowledge of letter frequencies, a bit of luck, and a while lot of skill. It helps if you know the type of cryptography being used. For example, if there is a known algorithm being used, such as RSA, one can do a brute force attack and test every possible decryption key (a very computationally intensive task, but feasable for small, older keys). Since many codes are based upon "hard math problems" such as RSA whose security is derived from the fact that it is easy to multiply prime numbers, but hard to factor composite numbers into primes, some codes are broken by find fast solutions to hard math problems. This is kind of the idea behind Shor's Quantum Computer algorithm which allows one to quickly factor large integers and thus could, if implemented, completely screw over RSA.

  8. damn by 2MuchC0ffeeMan · · Score: 2, Funny

    where that's kid from mercury rising when you need him.

    --
    Runnin' On Empty .... I'm Still Alive
  9. I got it !! by Dolphinzilla · · Score: 4, Funny

    Be Sure to drink your Ovaltine.

  10. Re:I have always been curious by The+Only+Druid · · Score: 3, Interesting

    As a wonderful sci-fi connection, I suggest reading Cryptonomicron, by Neal Stephenson. Besides providing an excellent story (like all his books), it provides an extensive discussion of how code-breaking works, and how historically it evolved.

    --
    "Stumble before you crawl"
  11. Re:I have always been curious by belmolis · · Score: 2, Informative

    There's a classic book on the history of codes and codebreaking called The Codebreakers, by David Kahn. A revised edition came out recently. There is even a Wikipedia article about him.

  12. Re:Is this news? or a wikipedia entry? by servoled · · Score: 2, Informative

    Technically, I think its "News for nerds, Stuff that was posted on Fark.com yesterday", but others may disagree.

    --
    "I have a porkchop, you have a porkchop. I have a veal, you have a veal".
  13. I have seen a pattern in the information... by Linker3000 · · Score: 3, Funny
    There seems to be a pattern emerging in Slashdot posts - it can be outlined by the following pseudo-code:
    Program GoSlash;
    CDate = Today - 1;
    ..For I = 1 to NumArticles(Fark(CDate));
    ....If SubjectScore((FarkArticle[I,CDate]) >= MildlyTechnical then
    ....begin
    ......NewArticle = Rehash(FarkArticle[I,CDate]);
    ......SubmitToSlash (NewArticle);
    ....end;
    ..next I;
    end.
    >
    --
    AT&ROFLMAO
  14. It's a trap! by Weaselmancer · · Score: 4, Funny

    The people who solved the first 3 are currently in jail for DCMA violations. ;^)

    --
    Weaselmancer
    rediculous.
  15. Another option... by krypt0s · · Score: 4, Funny

    Someone could've just asked me. I'm not THAT complicated.

    --
    This is not the sig you're looking for.
  16. metaphorically solved section 4 by BierGuzzl · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Weird. This guy apparently metaphorically solved section 4. But he got an email from Jim saying "Dear John, this is not the way" Did he cheat? :)

    http://members.aol.com/scirealm/KryptosPart4.htm l

    1. Re:metaphorically solved section 4 by gad_zuki! · · Score: 3, Funny

      Christ, is there a "nutters" web template out there? Every site dealing with bible codes, aliens, newagey psuedo-science, etc have the same starry (or psychedelic) background, fonts that are way too big and colorful for proper reading, etc. I guess its all the best. Its like a big sign screaming "This guy is nuts!"

      I swear, I was half expecting a "See you at Time Cube Con '05" at the bottom the page.

  17. Re:Ahh noooO! by sbrown123 · · Score: 2, Funny

    That is true. This appears to be covered under the DMCA. Unencrypting that last part of a proprietary work will wind you up in jail. Leave it alone for gods sake!!!

  18. Oooh, I just figured it out using my calculator by 3770 · · Score: 4, Funny

    A priest, a doctor, and an engineer are playing a round of golf. They get behind a pair that is playing amazingly slow. After some time they realize that these two men are blind. "What a sad way to spend one's life," said the priest. "I will say a prayer for them." "I have a good friend that is an eye surgeon," said the doctor, "maybe I could get them some help." The engineer thought for a second, "Why don't these guys play at night?"

    I don't get it though.

    --
    The Internet is full. Go Away!!!
  19. To Serve Man by gelfling · · Score: 2, Funny

    My God it's a cookbook.

    1. Re:To Serve Man by reymyster · · Score: 2, Funny

      In case anyone doesn't get this reference (it's great, I use it all the time), it's from one of the better episodes of The Twilight Zone http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/The_Twilight_Zone#To_ Serve_Man

  20. Plagiarism by Osty · · Score: 5, Informative

    From the Slashdot summary:

    angkor writes "Kryptos is a sculpture located on the grounds of CIA headquarters in Langley, Virginia. Installed in 1990, its thousands of characters contain encrypted messages, of which three have been solved (so far). There is still a fourth section at the bottom consisting of 97 or 98 characters which remains uncracked."
    And from the actual page:
    Kryptos is a sculpture located on the grounds of CIA Headquarters in Langley, Virginia. Installed in 1990, its thousands of characters contain encrypted messages, of which three have been solved (so far). There is still a fourth section at the bottom consisting of 97 or 98 characters which remains uncracked.
    So, unless angkor is the author of the page over at elonka.com, he's plagiarised the article for his summary. Now, I understand that this can be a difficult call to make, since the article is clearly cited. However, the language of the summary ("angkor writes ...") and lack of explicit citation ("the article says ...") leads one to believe that angkor is writing an original summary of the submitted article, which is clearly not the case.

    Sadly, this is not the first time this has ever happened on Slashdot (in fact, it happens in nearly every posted article). Come on, people. If you're going to submit a story, either summarize the article in your own words or attribute your summary text to the article. And editors, pull your thumbs out of your asses and actually edit your site once in a while. In a case like this, it's pretty damned obvious that the article summary is just part of the first paragraph of TFA, and so rather than attributing the summary to the article submitter ("angkor writes ..."), use other language that makes clear the quoting ("angkor quotes from the article ...").

    1. Re:Plagiarism by frakir · · Score: 2, Informative

      Not to mention "its thousands of characters" are actually just below 900...

  21. Re:Here be treasure... by Stiletto · · Score: 2, Informative

    You must not have put in the correct coordinates. In decimal degrees:

    -77.1455555555555555 lon
    38.95180555555555555 lat

    which is a courtyard right smack in the middle of CIA headquarters.

  22. /. ings by McBeer · · Score: 2, Funny

    It is interesting to note that Elonka Dunin (one of the most prominent people involved with the cracking of Kryptos and the Cyrillic Projector) put a slashdotting in her timeline of important Kryptos events.

    --
    Hikery.net - The best hiking site ever. Made by yours truly.
  23. Re:I have always been curious by 0racle · · Score: 4, Interesting

    My girlfriend took one look at it and saw an image embedded in the way the characters are laid out. She figures that a real message would be too obvious and since its art, the real purpose could simply be to see what is not plainly there.

    Maybe the boys at Langley are being too literal at trying to solve it.

    --
    "I use a Mac because I'm just better than you are."
  24. Re:I have always been curious by Compact+Dick · · Score: 2, Funny

    Christmas should be capitalized.

    What makes you think it isn't? ;-)

  25. Dupe by morningstar8 · · Score: 3, Funny

    This story is a dupe... The original was posted 5 1/2 years ago. (!) Here's the original story.

  26. Re:I have always been curious by FLEB · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Yet he's on Slashdot...

    --
    Information wants to be free.
    Entertainment wants to be paid.
    You just want to be cheap.
  27. Translation In Full by new500 · · Score: 2, Funny

    . . .

    George Smiley,
    Asst. Attorney to
    Director, National Security Agency
    Chief, Central Security Service
    (NSA Information Assurance Department)
    Date As Decrypt Key

    Re: Unauthorized Use and Disclosure of Intellectual Property

    VIA FEDERAL EXPRESS

    Dear Cryptanalyst,

    I serve as legal counsel to the NSA Information Assurance Department, owner of extensive intellectual property rights and trademarks pertaining to the use, distribution and deployment of intelligence worldwide. In fact you may have heard of us. To make you fully understand our concern and the reach of our recognised brands throughout the world, let me put it this way, we do what RIAA only dreams they could.

    It has recently come to our attention that John Doe, in personam, i.e. youself, the only possible recipient of this message has sought to circumvent our intentional copy protection of classified communications, thereby exposing our proprietary materials, name, marks, trade dress, intellectual property and good will to possible illegal misuses including but not limited to commercial exploitation or karma whoring on Slashdot.

    By reading this message you have violated federal laws, including (among others) the Digital Millennium Copyright Act, the Economic Espionage Act, the Electronic Communications Privacy Act, the Wiretap Act, the Legal Lobbyist Retirement Protection Act, and the Consumer Fraud and Abuse Act, as well as State of Wisconsin Natalie Portman 3D Redistribution Act (HP Amendment). (We're the NSA, we know about that one too.)

    Therefore we require that you immediately CEASE AND DESIST from any and all activities causing, leading to or which might be construed to result in the actual or potential dissemination of the proprietary information and excellent legal drafting contained herin. Under the terms of the DMCA, inter alia, we inform you that henceforth your knowledge of this text will be deemed to be a Circumvention Device, and as such we are required to place restrictions on your person. Kindly call me on the number below and await instructions. Do not move, do not try to escape, do not pass go and do not collect $200 (that's all we have left after spending $20Bln on the Great Monument to ourselves you see before you.)

    Failure to comply with these requests may expose you or your organization to an action for injunctive relief or monetary damages, and any other relief permitted under state and federal law, including court costs and attorneys' fees. You may also wish to consider and examine the potential criminal consequences, under theories of aiding and abetting and conspiracy to denigrate the agencies elite avant-garde sculptural skills.

    If you fail to comply with these requests we will have to invoke recourse under the Homeland Bitchslap Act of 2001.

    Sincerely,
    George "W" Smiley.

    P.S. Son, you should have just applied through personnel. Way back when I was a junior we dreamed up this sucker distract the Russians who'd waste all their time drinking vodka and analysing it just to get one over us. Don't worry, I'll tell your Ma it was friendly fire.

  28. NOT Fair Use by new500 · · Score: 2, Interesting

    . . .

    In the UK at least, an author has stautory provision against false attribution. Fair use itself does not usually take consideration of the effect or intent. No new work was created in which a fair use rule can be applied. The effect is redistribution in a database, for which there is a ton of case law saying the incident is actionable.

    Although to go into the grey area here would take too long, the person who "writes" is attributing material to themselves.

    Ah, but it's Slashdot who writes "writes". Seriously, if that were my article, even if it is 5 years old, I'd be pretty pissed off at the mere lack of simple tact. A big publisher might see a need to defend their rights even apparently tenuous ones. There is a need for such commercial defences, even if it has all gone mad with the RIAA etc.

    So I wonder when we'll see CoyboyNeal writes: "Today we got sued by Reuters, for the full story, please see our forthcoming 404 error

    It's stupid to tread on toes. Even more stupid to encourage people to help you to tread on big companies toes.

    Oh well, not that anything i said matters or anything . . .

  29. Re:Curious Images... by Elonka · · Score: 2, Informative

    Heh. While it is indeed true that I have hidden other codes and puzzles around my webpages, this isn't one of them. ;) As part of the most recent article, the folks at Wired simply made a graphic of my Kryptos transcript page. Any unusual pixels from there, occurred on their end.

    Elonka :)

  30. Re:I have always been curious by recursiv · · Score: 2, Funny

    If only those math nerds could think outside the box like your girlfriend. She's such a lateral thinker. It really is amazing that she figured out the whole puzzle in one glance.

    --
    I used to bulls-eye womp-rats in my pants
  31. Been working on this awhile :) by 222 · · Score: 2, Interesting

    I got into the project about a year ago, and I can tell you that we (Yahoo Kryptos group) have some brilliant people trying just about everything imaginable.
    I cant tell you how much time i've spent in the middle of the night arranging the letters in x,y grids... and even more bizzare.
    I reconstructed the statue in 3D Studio Max so that i could tinker with the idea of folding the statue on itself, etc. One of the vigenere keywords in an earlier section hints at the reuse of the message, so its just an angle i've been tinkering with.
    http://www.storm-seeker.com/kryptos.jpg
    If anyone would like a copy of the max files to tinker with, shoot me an email at storPIZZAmseeker@gmail.com minus food :)