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Google Gives Reason Why it is Built on Linux

Rob writes "A common reason why more governments and enterprises around the world are moving to open source software is unhappiness, it was revealed during a panel discussion at the LinuxWorld Conference in San Francisco yesterday. Google Inc open source programs manager Chris DiBona said the search giant has stuck with Linux throughout the company's life, in part, because it was unhappy with the terms of another software company. Which borgware company is he referring to?"

51 of 670 comments (clear)

  1. Microsoft by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Funny

    He was refering to Microsoft!

  2. Which borgware company is he referring to? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

    Which borgware company is he referring to?

    It's Apple.

    Surprise.

    1. Re:Which borgware company is he referring to? by mattjb0010 · · Score: 5, Funny
      Apple Surprise

      A camping recipe from Patty. This recipe can be made in quantity for as many as you want to serve in the campground.

      INGREDIENTS:

      • 3 - 4 apples
      • shelled walnuts
      • butter or maple syrup

      PREPARATION:

      Cut apples into slices and take out core. Place apples on aluminum foil. Add walnuts and butter or maple syrup. Fold foil leaving an opening for ventilation. Place on campfire and cook at least 45 minutes, or until apples are soft, not mushy.

      Servings: 4
      Preparation time: 15 minutes

  3. Obviously.... by ultraslacker · · Score: 4, Funny

    SCO OpenServer!

  4. Apple? by stoolpigeon · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Seriously-- yeah it is MS, but the problem exists with any proprietary technology. The company doesn't need to be borg-like, just closed.
     
    I've had plenty of jobs where we got locked in on the O.S. or on applications and it sucks. It is a rotten feeling when you want something changed but it is either impossible or it will cost you an arm and a leg. (Then you have to wait on their timing too)
     
    I know throwing apple out there is a bit inflammatory around here but it proves the point. There are plenty of bad options out there without even pointing out Microsoft.

    --
    It's hard to believe that's how Micronians are made. Why don't we see it right now by having you both kiss one another?
  5. Unsurprising! by Tiberius_Fel · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Google does a lot of things differently than most OSes are meant for. It's only logical that they'd choose one that they can customize to their needs...

    --
    Join the Empire! http://www.empirereborn.net/
    1. Re:Unsurprising! by brilinux · · Score: 4, Informative

      They had a talk here at CMU by a Kernel hacker at Google ... he was talking about how they were able to add code to the kernel to get an incredibly close view at exactly what was going on in the kernel so that they could pinpoint problems and bottlenecks - something that they could not do with a proprietary system. (The speaker, BTW, was Richard Sites, who also helped design the Alpha architecture).

  6. Not so sure by einhverfr · · Score: 5, Insightful

    He was refering to Microsoft!

    The article seems to imply that. But on closer reading, it indicates that Microsoft was just used as an example. The same would have been equally true of Sun, SGI, IBM, etc. And when you really look at what they were doing with Google, I think that Sun is actually more likely to have been the target than Microsoft.

    --

    LedgerSMB: Open source Accounting/ERP
    1. Re:Not so sure by chrisd · · Score: 5, Informative
      In fact, I'm not even sure I said Microsoft at all during my few minutes up there. I was trying to say that one of thde truly cool things about Linux is that you don't have to talk to anyone outside the company or whatever if you want to mess with it.

      I may have said 'Microsoft, or any other commercial os'. I mean, hate to say it, but the Microsoft XP Kernel isn't terrible, I just don't want all the stuff around it (windowing systems, etc..).

      Chris

      --
      Co-Editor, Open Sources
      Open Source Program Manager, Google, Inc.
    2. Re:Not so sure by jiushao · · Score: 4, Insightful
      Sun would be a bit of an odd target since Google has (maybe still do?) run some systems on Sun/Solaris machines (the web crawlers used to be the example I believe). Also there are many references to Google working to keep their internal systems portable between Linux and Solaris.

      More importantly Sun is the only classic commercial vendor for which "if Google used Windows, or any other non-open source software program, to make changes to that system he would be required to essentially ask permission from that vendor" no longer is true, with the OpenSolaris project. I know that a lot of people have ideological and political problems with Sun's approach, but it quite clearly offers the same practical business advantages as other OSS while also playing off Sun's classic strengths a bit.

      In addition Solaris 10 does run quite well on commodity x86 machines, not as wide hardware support as Linux sure, but if you are buying the machines for the purpose you have no trouble.

      This is not to say that Google should use Sun (or that anyone should), but Sun really has positioned themselves in a place where this type of complaints don't really hold. Which is apparently the right place to be in the current climate.
    3. Re:Not so sure by erroneous · · Score: 5, Funny

      Please don't allow your inconvenient alleged "facts" and "first-hand knowledge" and the fact that the story is about "you" get in the way of a good old-fashioned slashdot Microsoft bash.

      --
      erroneous: look me up in a dictionary
  7. Why by HoodCrowd · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Why can't I run the really cool stuff like Google Earth on my Debian machine

  8. Slackware by cbelle13013 · · Score: 4, Interesting

    I had a circuits professor who had either done some contract work or worked at Google back in 2000. He told me and a couple other students that they used Salckware and ran the entire site from RAM, OS and all. Before that talk I never new you could run entire systems directly from RAM. Wild.

    1. Re:Slackware by darkonc · · Score: 4, Interesting
      I never new you could run entire systems directly from RAM.

      You boot off of the net. Most PCs these days have support for it. Linux works real well that way. I've run classrooms off of one knoppix CD, using the Knoppix Terminal Server (penguin menu -> services -> Start KNOPPIX Terminal Server). Takes all of a couple of minutes to start up. No need even for disk drives (although swap space is sometimes nice).

      When Microsoft tries to FUD about 'difficult installs for Linux', they're obviously doing their damndest not to look at things like Knoppix -- The hardest thing is setting the BIOS to boot off of the NIC.

      --
      Sometimes boldness is in fashion. Sometimes only the brave will be bold.
    2. Re:Slackware by aussersterne · · Score: 4, Informative

      Ahh, the knowledge that has been lost.

      When I was a CS student in the late '80s and early '90s, we had entire labs full of Sun and HP machines that had no hard drives. They booted off the net and ran entirely in RAM.

      Years before that, when I was a kid with a PC, there were RAMdisks in most operating systems at the time that were easy to use, and if you had a fancy schmanzy expansion card with some godawful amount of RAM on it (like 512MB ;-) you could run your BBS entirely from an RAMdisk and it was FAST.

      Linux still has RAMdisk drivers in it somewhere that lead to something like /dev/r0 or /dev/ram0 or similar, which you can format and mount and use like a hard drive. Or at least, it used to. I haven't checked in a few years, and I never actually built it into my kernel, but OSes like Slack did use it for their boot/root floppies, etc.

      In any case, getting back to diskless workstations netbooting... this is a MAJOR win when you have rooms full of hardware. There's no reason each of them needs their own hard drive if every single one of those hard drives will just have the same data and enough RAM to run w/o excessive paging/swapping is cheap. You save on initial cost. You save on power. You save on failures of other hardware due to heat. You save on failures of all those freaking drives. You save on the labor it would take to re-image and replace them. And you save on complexity, since all systems then become essentially interchangeable--just plug it into a network port and go, no need to worry about whether it's been "configured" right or whats on its hard drive (or isn't on its hard drive, as the case may be).

      --
      STOP . AMERICA . NOW
  9. Re:Free by aaza · · Score: 4, Informative
    In this case, the freedom to use the bits you need, not everything that's bundled with it.

    Also, the freedom to change the bits that you need changed. Don't like that particular piece of software? Change it. Don't ask any other company - just do it.

    You can't do that with most commercial products. All you can do is put in a feature request, and hope that it is implemented before the sun goes cold. (Yes, I know that some companies do, but some do not.)

    --
    In theory there is no difference between theory and practice.
    In practice, however, there is.
  10. giving back by mattfite · · Score: 5, Insightful

    if they've relied on it so much, it would be nice if some of their apps would run on linux.

    1. Re:giving back by Fjornir · · Score: 5, Insightful
      Ignoring, for instance, the Summer of Code (and all of the other grants they've made) Google has made one contribution to Linux users everywhere: google.com.

      To start with, Google is the most well-known poster-child of Linux success. If you don't think that adds value to every other opensource project, well... *shrug*

      As a more tangible and direct benefit I can say that google.com is an immense resource as far as answering any Linux question which comes my way. Between the web search and usenet search features they provide to everyone free it makes using Linux a lot easier. Stop in on any Linux IRC channel and you'll see what I mean. I volunteer off and on doing Linux support and I can tell you that without Google there would be a lot of questions that I would be unable to answer.

      Just a thought...

      --
      I want a new world. I think this one is broken.
    2. Re:giving back by zerocool^ · · Score: 4, Informative
      --
      sig?
  11. Of course, Linux is more free market by argoff · · Score: 4, Insightful

    When you look at copyrights like a government regulation that controlls how people use information, rather than some kind of "property" right. Then it becomes clear that Linux is truely more accountable to free market paradigms, and in the information age - as information becomes commoditized, that will be even more so - as the companies that treat unrestricted copying over the internet like a threat will loose, and those that treat it like an advantage will win.

  12. Finally... by darthgnu · · Score: 5, Insightful

    It's good to see some company finally step up to the plate and publicly admits that free/open source software provides independence and freedom. IBM, Novell, HP always put out the "cheaper" argument which is seen as "less value".

    --
    Freedom is strength, Ignorance is peace, War is slavery.
  13. OT: Traffic impact by Google Personalized Homepage by vinlud · · Score: 5, Interesting

    This is offtopic, but because it didn't survive the submission I did I thought it would be best to post it attached to another Google story.

    A few days ago I noticed several websites which are linked by default in the Google Personalized Homepage show staggering increases in web traffic and page views. According to Alexa.com Wired more than doubled and also Slashdot , the NY Times and the Washington Post show remarkable growth at the end of july.

    Is this a redefinition of 'slashdotting' or is there something else going on?

    --
    Repeat after me: We are all individuals
  14. Licensing restrictions = per-CPU licensing by tyates · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Google can't pay $90 a CPU for Windows XP Professional Global Oppression Server or whatever. (I'm a Mac guy so I don't know exactly what Windows is calling itself now.) I bet both Microsoft and Sun are kicking themselves for not cutting Google a deal. Imagine the PR Sun could have gotten by using Google as a reference customer.

    --
    Tristan Yates
    1. Re:Licensing restrictions = per-CPU licensing by darkonc · · Score: 5, Insightful
      RTFA. Paying for an entire OS when you're essentially using it as a boot loader wasn't the biggest thing to stick in Google's craw. Having to go ask for permission to be able to stick your nose deep into the kernel and pull out, tweak or seriously crank parts of the OS is what really irked them -- and now that Bill considers Google to be their competition, I can easily see Microsoft yanking them around on a chain at every opportunity.

      Imagine being a Professional Nascar team, and having to ask Gates Motors (GM) for permission every time they re-tune their machine ... then finding out that the President of GM has gotten into Nascar racing. ... Then they start asking you to provide full details of your tuning methods "to ensure that our cars don't get a bad safety reputation".
      It's all downhill from there.

      --
      Sometimes boldness is in fashion. Sometimes only the brave will be bold.
    2. Re:Licensing restrictions = per-CPU licensing by ciroknight · · Score: 4, Insightful

      So, this begs the question: Why didn't they use a BSD?

      Just being able to tune the kernel while it was running probably wasn't the entire concern. The number of eyes on the source probably influenced the decision as well. More eyes are on the Linux kernel than any other Open Source kernel, including all of the BSDs, and I'd hazard to say "combined".

      Hell, Redhat and IBM practically run their businesses (well, IBM's software business) on tweaking and prodding and fixing bugs within the Linux kernel. All of this is free money to Google, as they never pay a cent to fix those bugs or get those tweaks, and yet at the same time they get an extremely fast, flexible, and effecient operating system.

      Linux is best suited for the server room, and Google has leveraged this to a tee.

      --
      "Victory means exit strategy, and it's important for the President to explain to us what the exit strategy is." G.W.Bush
  15. goooogle by gadzook33 · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Even if he is referring to MS, it's not as if google can be considered impartial. They must have known they'd be competing with redmond on one level or another. How would it sound if someone said to them, yeah but doesn't your search technology run on Windows? Not horrible but not great either. Especially if the competition becomes even more heated.

  16. And don't forget... by iendedi · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Besides being customizable, Google uses oodles of servers. At $300 / seat for something proprietary, they are saving ungodly amounts of money.

    In the end though, it is always about control.

    --

    It is your personal duty to fight for what is right on a daily basis. Ignoring injustice is identical to approving
  17. Re:Open source is broken by walt-sjc · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Open source can never be very easy to use and easy to run

    Ever hear of a product called Tivo? Runs Linux. Or maybe a linksys router...
    I guess those products are beyond your ability to use or run...

  18. Borgware, hmm... let me guess... by Junior+J.+Junior+III · · Score: 5, Funny

    Amiga?

    No, no wait... DEC. Yeah! Google is so fast because it does NOT run on a PDP-10.

    --
    You see? You see? Your stupid minds! Stupid! Stupid!
  19. Linux success b/c of Google by bach37 · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Linux is successful many say because of Google- Google being the free 24/7 searchable customer support for your Linux problem. Somewhat ironic that Google's success is in part from using Linux.

  20. Re:OT: Traffic impact by Google Personalized Homep by generic-man · · Score: 4, Informative

    When a popular web site links to another web site, the link target gets a lot of hits.

    Slashdot is one example of this. Fark is another. SomethingAwful's Awful Links of the Day are another. Netscape's "What's Cool" is one of the first. I don't see what the big deal is. Google could start soliciting payments to link more sites -- oh wait, as a company that makes nearly all its money from advertising, that's what Google always does!

    --
    For more information, click here.
  21. Convenience, too. by lheal · · Score: 4, Funny

    In my 50-node-and-smaller networks, it's just so much nicer to be able to install the OS on the machines and not have to mess with licensing. I think that goodness would be that much sweeter on a 500-node network.

    They could have used *BSD, but that would have been like Harvard boys using Yale locks. A bunch of Stanford grads use Berkeley-derived stuff? Get real :-).

    --
    Raise your children as if you were teaching them to raise your grandchildren, because you are.
  22. OSS Advantages by Mandrel · · Score: 5, Insightful
    I'm amazed at how increasingly irrelevant Microsoft products are becoming to my use of computers, both privately and as a developer. With OSS, the fact that I can fix it myself trumps any modest disparity in features, maturity, or price.

    And the price of OSS is not its main draw. I chose to develop a number of projects with Java rather than Visual Studio because VS was expensive to buy, while Java cost nothing. But then I was frustrated by my dependence on Sun to fix problems in the closed VM and class libraries. So I'm now developing on an OSS language and framework.

  23. Love that ASP! by Stalin · · Score: 4, Funny

    This was at the bottom of the article when I read it:

    Microsoft OLE DB Provider for SQL Server error '80040e31'

    Timeout expired /CBRincludes/related_news.asp, line 137

  24. Microsoft Cluster Server? by Bananatree3 · · Score: 5, Funny
    Why not just move the entire Google code base to Microsoft Cluster Server? I know it would mean a complete rewrite from the bottom up, and would require a whole new training program. You would also have to worry about serious security issues in the OS because you can't inspect the code. You would have to rely on a competitor to patch up problems. You would have to wait during "patch turnround time" which could be months (or never if Microsoft thinks its not really a big deal). You would have to be forced in to doing things the way Microsoft wants you to do things, and use their own "Super Secure" programs. And thats just the OS. You would have to pay through the nose on those pesky Site licences. To upgrade, theres another several hundred thousand (or millions) of dollars. And when they release Version 2.0, you have to go around and upgrade all the machines the way Microsoft wants you too.

    But! You would have the comfort of knowing that you are running a Certified Microsoft(R) Product!

  25. MIRROR by firepacket · · Score: 4, Informative
  26. "communist nazis"? by Stalin · · Score: 4, Insightful

    That one tripped me up. A communist nazi would be a very conflicted person indeed.

    Let me help you out with some terms:

    Communism -- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communism
    Fascism -- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fascism
    Nazism -- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nazism
    Stalinism -- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stalinism

    All very similar but not all the same thing.

  27. Re:Let me tell you why by oldwolf13 · · Score: 4, Funny

    I agree... 100% Google has a huge database of user info.

    The thing is, this is one time were I AGREE to it. Their services are good, and make me lower my walls a bit. I am generally very anal about companies collecting information, but this is one time were I am a hypocrite.

    Google is just another company to me and their "Do no evil" policy is meaningless (I mean do other companies actually sit around in high backed chairs and think of how to "do evil"?) Unfortunately the provide great services, and their "spying" has little impact on me... so if they need to do it to survive and provide good things, then they can have it.

    This once... period... you other fuckers be warned :)

    --
    If I can't smoke and swear I'm fucked.
  28. But for what Google does it is enough by SuperKendall · · Score: 4, Insightful

    It's a little more thana kernel really. Only the OSX GUI is really closed.

    But Google would not need that part for a million headless boxes in a rack. Being able to modify Darwin would let them do as much customizing as they have done with Linix.

    However of course when you have a million boxes any licencing fee is too much, so they are really better off with Linux anyway as it's been hammered on a lot more, even though they could have just grabbed Darwin and gone with it.

    --
    "There is more worth loving than we have strength to love." - Brian Jay Stanley
  29. Re:borgware? by dotlin · · Score: 4, Insightful
    the ass-puppets at Slashdot.

    Like whoever moderated your comment as Insightful?

    If you take away your flamebait tone and your off-topic remarks about graphic and media software support which are not relevant for Google's server farm it sounds like the point you're making is to "use the right tool for the job". From this article for Google it looks like the right tool for their purposes is an OS that lets them make their own customizations.

    If that is an annoying poke at Microsoft and other proprietary vendors then so be it. For this particular job they aren't the right tool.

    --
    Transmitting energy without a license.
  30. Funny thought by SuperKendall · · Score: 4, Funny

    Perhaps the whole reason Google was created in the first place was someone sick of trying to find how to change resolutions in X-Windows for Linux using only AltaVista wanted a batter way.

    I could see that being possible...

    --
    "There is more worth loving than we have strength to love." - Brian Jay Stanley
  31. Re:Let me tell you why by shmlco · · Score: 4, Funny
    gmail, and every other google service forces you to accept cookies from google.com if you want to use said service...

    First, do you have some magic method you want to share for automatically logging into, and staying logged onto, an account-based service w/o cookies?

    ...the same cookies that store the IP and info of every single search that is done on google.

    Wow! The 1K max size cookie on my computer stores the IP and info of every single search that is done on google?

    Forget search revenues, they need to patent and sell that compression algorithm!

    --
    Any sect, cult, or religion will legislate its creed into law if it acquires the political power to do so.
  32. Re:Cost per seat probably isn't a factor... by Gumber · · Score: 4, Insightful

    I don't think "$300 / seat for something proprietary" really matters that much. Even if they re-bought that license every single year, it is less than $1/day to match whatever they are paying the butt that sits in the seat.

    I think you are missing a couple of things. First off, Google wasn't always a multibillion dollar company. They were a startup first, and when you are a startup with no revenue, capital is damn scarce. In that environment, avoiding the cost of software licenses is an obvious way to economize.

    Fast forward to the day you start earning some revenue, and maybe even an operating profit. You have lots of demands for reinvesting the money for further growth. You could put some of it into software licenses for a commercial OS, and the costs of converting your infrastructure and porting your code, or you could put it into more hardware (for the cost of OS licenses, google could probably have bought 20-30% more capacity), to handle more customers, and more engineers, to improve your product, and marketing/sales to keep stoking your growth.

    The biggest reason to go with a commercial vendor is that you can take advantage of the investment they are amortizing over a large sales volume. This can be a good thing if you have rather ordinary problems you are trying to solve, but someone like google (or amazon, etc) doesn't have ordinary problems, so they are forced to create their own solutions (which also gives them a competitive advantage). Overtime, the rest of the world might catch up to the point that commercial vendors now offer solutions, but again, the value you gain from replacing your existing solutions has to be weighed against the other things you could do with the money.

  33. Re:Let me tell you why by log2.0 · · Score: 4, Funny

    People *think* that when you type in a search and the previous search history comes up is a cookie. We know better of course :) I had a mate who I convinced to use firefox and he complained that these "cookies" were staying there even when he told FF to remove them! Heh, the public have no idea sometimes :)

    --
    Can your karma go above being Excellent?
  34. Re:"Seat" is a misnomer here by temojen · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Furthermore, Market Cap != Liquid Assets. Market Capitalization is the sum of the current value of all outstanding shares, not what they sold the shares to the brokers for.

    Imagine a small company that sells 50000 shares to the IPO brokers at $10. Due to buzz, rumours, or manipulation, the shares go up to $1000 per share. The company's market capitalization is now 50 million, but the company only has 1/2 million in the bank.

  35. Really ? by abhinavmodi · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Is this why Google Earth, Google Desktop Bar, Google Web Accelerator all support Windoze only ? Google might be harnessing the power of Linux behind the scenes, but all of its innovations for desktop users are on M$ only. Granted, that they are Beta/Preview versions .. but Linux could be a great candidate too !

  36. Re:Let me tell you why by zootm · · Score: 4, Insightful

    I believe that it's different because they're not trying to hide what they collect, and why, from anyone.

  37. Re:Netcraft Results by pe1chl · · Score: 4, Informative

    Remember that Microsoft sites have to reboot at least once every month after installing patches.

    Linux sites often can avoid this (at least as far as Netcraft is concerned; restarting Apache does not cut the uptime), however there have been so many kernel updates last year that a Linux system with a year of uptime is a bit questionable as well.

    (of course most kernel updates are for local exploits only; one could decide a properly firewalled system does not need them)

  38. Must stop using slashdot vocabulary by Hydraulix · · Score: 5, Funny

    I almost got my ass kicked for using the word "borgware" today.

  39. BSA AUDIT by erroneus · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Prior to my getting hired by the company I presently work for, there was a painful BSA audit. I can say with 100$ certainty that the BSA is the main reason for our migration to Linux.

  40. Re:Let me tell you why by Winkhorst · · Score: 4, Funny

    What is this gmail system? You mean you don't have your own email system on your own website? What, has Slashdot been taken over by a herd of little old ladies in flower hats?

    --
    "Is this Winkhorst a nova criminal?" "No just a technical sergeant wanted for interrogation."