OSx86 Shutdown Rumors Explained
n.e.watson writes "The AP has run an article that addresses recent rumors on the internet about Apple Legal shutting down the OSx86 Project, with a statement from an OSx86 administrator. From the article: 'The OSx86 Project Web site stated Apple had served it with a notice on Thursday citing violations of the 1998 Digital Millennium Copyright Act, and the site was reviewing all of its discussion forum postings as a result. The site has always aimed to adhere to copyright laws and is working with Apple to ensure no violations exist, according to a statement by the site administrator.'"
Nothing better than to see a historical troll on a quiet sunday afternoon. ;)
It takes a man to suffer ignorance and smile
Be yourself no matter what they say
I'm sitting here in front of a PDP-11/73 running RSX and trying to copy a 250 block file from this CDC-80 dishwasher 80MB hard drive to an RX08 8" floppy disk. It's taking freak''n forever! DEC addicts, go ahead and flame me, but why do you insist on using this ancient junk? Try something a little more modern. Like an Osborne. Or even a TRS-80. Sheesh!
There once was a dude with a Mac
Who's code he tried to attack
His grin was short-lived
When Jobs did not forgive
And gave him a boot in the sack.
...for the company that named one of it's System Beeps Sosumi (pronounced "So Sue Me") when Apple Records tried to shut them down a while back.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SosumiHmm - we do something similar at AOL in terms of the poem (yes, I know - you're SHOCKED that big companies do similar misguided goofy things :P). I had just written about it on my blog given all the Apple press swirl about this.
:)
But we (AOL) are not really trying to prevent the random developer or user from doing anything - obviously this isn't about being secure TECHNICALLY. We just wanted to prevent giant business partners and competitors and the like profiting from doing things with our software and users we didn't authorize.
I'd imagine Apple's reasons are similar, though that doesn't really line up with this shutdown order. As I don't think anything like this has gone to court yet, it sounds like either they need to enforce their rights everywhere to keep them, or they're trying to force the precedent, or they've got some zealous/quasi-religious entitlement thing going, between their iPod protectionism, shutting down rumour sites, and now this... Ah, its ok, they're Apple - EVERYBODY loves Apple
graphically speaking
I don't want to steal your beautiful OS, I truly don't. I am more than willing to pay for it. I've owned Macs in the past, I loved my power book and my iMac, and i'll probably eventually by another power book. But truth be told I like building my own PCs and having the extra options that goes along with that. Don't your get that? A company that has its roots in a garage, you were born out of the hacker mentalitiy. When did you get so damn anal? Please apple, please wake up. We will pay, lots of us will. But I don't want your desktop hardware.
Later,
Phil
The Digital Millennium Copyright Act: Making it Easy to Be "Guilty until Proven Innocent" for Over 8 Years.
I see the /. editors have a new whore, I guess they got tired of the NYT and now hang with the W post.
For the cheap seats this time:
IF YOU CAN'T POST AN OPEN, PUBLIC LINK TO THE STORY, THEN DON'T POST IT AT ALL
How a company that is profiting exactly with "I want to buy and not just copy" (iTMS) fails to understand that.
It's better to be the foot on the boot than the face on the pavement. ~~ tkx Kadin2048
It's immoral when large companies like Microsft, Sony & now Apple try trying to limit our right to do whatever the hell we like with legally purchased goods.
But to issue a takedown over a link is just disgusting. Apple needs to take a good look at the ethics of other compapnies that do this sort of thing and ask itself - is this really where I want to go?
My pics.
form OSx86 site:
:)))
"Apple is certainly well within their rights to protect their OS and we have always supported them in this effort. Our first-class moderating staff has helped ensure that direct links to any patches are not allowed. We have in the past linked to the homepage of Maxxuss - but not to the offending 10.4.4 patches - in the interest of news, but we've removed those links just in case."
funny thing, they removed links to supposedly infriging site, but put name of this site on the front page - using it as google keyword will lead you to the same site from the first hit
OK, after reading TFA, this strikes me as more a SLAPP (Strategic lawsuit against public participation) lawsuit by Apple than any government intervention. It appears that Apple served their ISP with notice of a possible DMCA violation, and so the ISP (or the site administrators) shut the site down in order to verify the claims made by Apple. No judge has filed an order, however.
So: are links to remote sites which convey possibly nonviolent criminal information worth squelching in the public interest? And should a private entity have the inherent right to enforce their interest without a court order (as appears to be the case here)? Because that's what misuse of SLAPP is all about.
You know, I was trying to copy a 10k file from one tape to another on my ZX spectrum 16k and it took like half an hour...
Now, a little more seriously, my main machine was a Powerbook 2400 for a few years and copying a few hundred MB of a CD image never seemed to take more than a couple of minutes...
I'm wondering what else you're running to cause this slowdown (603e with 80MB on a Powerbook 2400).
Which apps are causing you problems? (Which versions are you running)?
[All Your Fish Are Belong To Us]
a Sun Enterprise 450, with four processors, 4 GBytes of memory and 10 SCSI drives... This is my HOME computer and I don't see that kind of poor performance. Maybe it is time for you to try Ultrix instead of RSX-11, at least you won't have the real-time interrupts bothering you... However, I do like my TRS-80 running NEWDOS-80!
I like my instruction/data fetch cycle on 16 bit word boundaries, thank you! So you think you're fancy 64 bit address range is all that. With your Sun Enterprise this, and your CG3 megapixel sbus card that. Well, when I need to access memory out of its 32KW boundary I have to set an offset vector. And I like it that way! So my RK05 only stores 2.5MB per removable pack. And it consumes more than 1 KW. And my house lights dim every time it spins up. Well, I like it that way!
What, I'm supposed to run some pansy Macintosh 8600 with all its fancy pictures of a dekstop with flippy disks and overlapping windows, and dialog boxes, and a mouse with only one button? BAH!
Everytime i wonder when i see a valuable project taken down for DMCA violations i wonder: "why dont they just continue the job overseas where legislation is more reasonable?"
perpetually dwelling in the -1 pits
Ah, its ok, they're Apple - EVERYBODY loves Apple :)
Not nearly as much as everybody hates AOL :)
As for NYT, just use this. Most likely, it will make a link that doesn't require to log in.
Ant(Dude) @ Quality Foraged Links (AQFL.net) & The Ant Farm (antfarm.ma.cx / antfarm.home.dhs.org).
Good god, these "I deserve to run OS X any way I like" arguments are tiresome. Go do something to make OSS better if you want to tinker. Or hack OS X to run on whatever you want, and then keep it to your damn self and enjoy it! Just for god's sake don't bring up that Apple I motherboards were made in a garage or that Woz futzed around with long distance calls more than 30 years ago - 30 years ago! - as reasons Apple should "chill out" about people using their software in ways they don't like.
Roses are red,
Violets are blue.
If you hack my code,
I'm going to kill you!
Nam et ipsa scientia potestas est - Sir Francis Bacon
And he makes the most valid point. WTF is the point of putting a story up without publically accessible links so we can digest the whole thing? My English teacher would be appalled at this restricted source, and would be doubly so if this were an actual paper about Apple. Way to follow your basic high-school education, editors.
Still waiting on Serviscope_minor to wake up to fucking reality and realize that Jessica Price isn't going to fuck him.
If you look at the OSX86project.org site you might notice that the only real change is that there are no longer any links to the patches at http://maxxuss.hotbox.ru/. So don't post a link and you should be fine.
Let's be fair here, fellow /.'ers... if this was MSFT we were talking about, the flames and castigations would be vociferous and widespread. Apple is doing some of the same bullying activity that we all dislike Microsoft for here. Where are the shills?
Funny. I thought talking about crimes wasn't illegal in this country. There have been what I think is legal information about how to do things that are completely illegal for as long as I can remember. While you should never act on this information, it is only information.
While The Anarchist Cookbook is legally available in the United States, it is unlawful in many other countries. The information contained in the book includes instructions that, if followed, may be against the law (see felony for more details). Anarchist Cookbook
Apple, this is not something you can stop. Its NOT illegal to do what these folks are doing. The law allows for reverse engineering. IBM LOST this battle and you will too. What is this battle I speak of? Remember way back when all PC's were made by IBM?? IBM tried to sue the pants off of Compaq and others for reverse engineering BIOS. Granted, this is not the same time period or the same thing but case law seems to go in our hands in my humble opinion.
From Wikipedia:
Columbia copied the IBM PC and produced the first 'compatible' (i.e., more or less compatible to the IBM PC standard) PC in 1982. Compaq Computer Corp. produced its first IBM PC compatible a few months later in 1982 -- the Compaq Portable. The Compaq was not only the first "sewing machine-sized" portable PC but, even more important, was the first essentially 100% PC-compatible computer. The company could not directly copy the BIOS as a result of the court decision in Apple v. Franklin, but it could reverse-engineer the IBM BIOS and then write its own BIOS using clean room design.
Franklin and Columbia did the wrong thing but Compaq did a white room reverse-engineering of the BIOS. This is all the OSx86 project is doing too. Hello EFF??? You need to defend these guys.
In less then 10 years, there will be no Mac's or Apple will just give up preventing anyone from installing thier OS on other machines....can't Apple see that there are lot of people who ALREADY HAVE x86 machines that are perfectly capable of running thier OS but they can't or rather won't justify spending 3 grand on a new Mac. These same people would probably even consider a Mac when they do have the money just because they WANT to run your OS. Helloooo? Apple what are you thinkin?
Gorkman
Maybe a compilation could be assembled:
Poems from My Childhood
1.To Heathkit
2.The fall of Dr. Norton
3.Shadows of UUNET
4.Borland, stop hurting youself
5.Have you seen my Atari today?
6.An Amiga I can't afford
7.Memories of a text adventure game
8.My talk with Hays (compatible)
9.He's not just my penguin anymore
Not to flamebait, but it always astonishes me how Apple manages to get away with this stuff. Whenever any other company does this sort of thing, they get a lot of grief. When Apple does it, people get mad, but Apple somehow manages to keep an entirely undeserved reputation as nice people. Apple may make a nifty OS and a nice mp3 player, but they do all the bad stuff that Microsoft and company likes to do, but somehow people still think they're heros. Someday people are going to catch on that having less market share doesn't mean you're more ethical.
Well, if the choice is between running an open source operating system or running a pirated operating system then the correct answer is to run the open source operating system. Just because you're too cheap to buy a Mac to run MacOS X doesn't give you the right to try to pirate it onto another X86 box. You could always run Darwin if you really want the BSD UNIX underneath the Aqua interface, but you'll be stuck using X11 apps if you want a GUI.
I dont buy computers, I build my own, I've been doing this for the past 7 to 8 years. With all the restrictions that apple puts in place for OSX I will never be able to try it. There could be lots of geeks who do this, may be they are minority which do not make any business sense for apple to sell OSX sans their hardware. Really, folks if a company do not want you to use their software on any of the custom machines you build why even BUY their software. This is nothing but ego clash between Apple and hackers. I think apple has every right to shut these people down. If you dont like their hardware DONT FUCKING BUY THEIR SOFTWARE EITHER
Good god, these "I deserve to run OS X any way I like" arguments are tiresome. Go do something to make OSS better if you want to tinker. Or hack OS X to run on whatever you want, and then keep it to your damn self and enjoy it! Just for god's sake don't bring up that Apple I motherboards were made in a garage or that Woz futzed around with long distance calls more than 30 years ago - 30 years ago! - as reasons Apple should "chill out" about people using their software in ways they don't like.
I have had this discussion with half a dozen people who are looking forward to being able to use OS.X on their low-end noname PC boxes and laptops with all the stability that it would run on a Mac. Running OS.X on regular PC systems will be possilbe, but it is also going to degenerate into a war between the Apple team working on the locking scheme and whatever crackers there are trying to make OS.X work on their PC boxes. Even if the crackers succeed keeping the OS running most of the time, OS.X on non Apple hardware will never be all that stable, I know that from experience having seen cracked OS.X installations in action (and this on a high end PC laptop, not some cheap-ass noname crapware). Furthermore even if you can run OS.X on your cheapo PC system you will not be able to patch it without worrying about your computer not booting because Apple has shipped a new counter patch to the latest hack with it's newest patch cluster. Basically you would be better off using Linux, yes you will still have to spend a few hours recompiling your kernel and tweaking drivers to get your WIFI to work and you will always have minor issues but at least you won't have to worry about your computer not booting after installing a patch cluster. I would trust my data to Linux long before I would entrust it to a hacked OS.X version running on a Dell laptop.
Only to idiots, are orders laws.
-- Henning von Tresckow
Having 3 PC's and 2 macs in my house, I can say that the macs preform much, much better under stress than the PC's do.
.... doing whatever you please to do with the computer.
System Stats
optiplex G1 p450 512mb ram, 40 gig hdd
homebuilt AMD XP 2400+, 1 gig ram, 2x160gig hdds, geforce 6800
homebuilt AMD sempron 3200, 1 gig ram, 1x 34 gig raptor 10krpm hdd, 1x300gig sata2 hdd.
Mac Powerbook G4 1.67ghz, 1.5gig ram, 80gig 7200rpm hdd, radeon 9700
Mac Mini 1.54ghz, 1 gig ram, 80 gig 5400rpm hdd
I can say that for the past 9 months that I have used the powerbook exclusively for web design and program, that it has worked utterly flawlessly while I often sit and wait on my PC's to do something, I am busy working and being productive with my mac.
Anyone such as yourself can compare two machines that are completely off balanced and get bad results.
For one, the machine you are 'testing' on does not run OS X, which is the main point of this entire thread. Secondly, OS 8,which you are probably running, and OS X are worlds, galaxies apart in performance and stability.
In some 8 months I haven't ever once had to switch off the power to my macs because they locked up due to a system problem. I do it quite frequently on my PC's. This alone speaks volumes about the stability.
From your own statements are you about as clueless as most politicians are on real life issues facing their jurisdictions.
Not to mention that on most windows machines a vast portion of the resources is devoted to security and virus scanning, where as on an OS X system the vast majority of resources is devoted to
2. Permitted License Uses and Restrictions.
A. This License allows you to install and use one copy of the Apple Software on a single Apple-labeled computer at a time.
http://www.apple.com/legal/sla/macosx104.html
While I think this is crap from an "exploration" point of view, this is completely legit from a business/legal point of view. However I dont see how this could prevent you from running MSFT or other OS on the hardware unless it is stated as an EULA on the box/manuals.
Although, when I get my new MacBook I am really interested in Dual Booting MSFT for ease of having both OS's on one machine, and the power of the Apple hardware. I would think they would champion this advancement not run from it. Bad Move Apple! BAD MOVE!
8600? Are you insane? Maybe you should drive nails in to your forehead, it would be less painful then either your ancient Mac or your ancient PC. Try a dual core G5 or a P4 3Ghz or something from the later half of the 20th century.
Not according to the guy who made the sounds for Apple.
s ound_de.html
http://www.boingboing.net/2005/03/24/early_apple_
The ironic part of this is how the Mac became popular. When Apple's Mac team started to market the Mac, they figured there were three programs any home user would want: word processor, spreadsheet, and database. So that's all they marketed. Sales were mediocre at best, despite what was arguably one of the world's best TV commercials.
The Mac really took off when a little company called Aldus wrote a desktop publishing program called PageMaker.
Source: Keynote speech by Guy Kawasaki, former 'evangelist' for Macintosh.
Find environmentally and socially responsible products on http://buy-right.net
Want to see _real_ Apple fanbois?
Look at the jacknuts in this thread supporting Apple's use of the DMCA. These assholes really are approving of use of the DMCA.
Back in the day, Compaq built an reverse-engineered BIOS in order to run IBM-DOS on Compaq systems. They won the legal fight, and it opened up a new era in computing.
In this day and age, the DMCA would prevent that from ever occuring, because you would never be allowed to crack the TPM. And these Apple fanbois are actually supporting them.
I'm an Apple fan. I have a powerbook, two mac minis, and I was thinking about buying a powermac G5. But I sure as hell don't support any usage of the DMCA.
WhiteWolf666 an exBush supporter. All you new-school,compassionate,save the children Republicans can rot in hell
I've seen quite a few posts on this but here are few links in particular that I found to be good. I will finish up by saying that Apple cannot win this battle. The x86 market is far too large for people not to tinker.
1. OSX 10.4.4 Works on AMD and SSE2 CPUs Check out the "related posts" entries for more info.
2. After OSX86 Project recieved it's DMCA shut down notice, people are moving discussion to the OSX86 China Forums
3. For immediate questions, IRC Channel is availabe.
4. To search old posts go to the 360 Online Forums
5. 10.4.4 restore disc has already been released on bittorrent
Note to self, find more recent posts to copy
Have any of the 100's of people replying to this actually bothered to visit www.osx86project.org and look for themselves to find out what's been going on? Doesn't bloody seem like it. The Washington Post article was hopelessly wrong and inflammatory, and n.e.watson is a jerk for not checking it out either before making himself look like a complete ass!
At no time during all of this was the OSX86 Project shutdown, nor was there any chance it was going to. It was THE FORUM only. And only for as long as it took the moderators long enough to find and remove the links to "patches" that violated the DMCA and got Apple's attention.
I guess some people don't want to know the truth. Too busy lathering at the mouth over how some big bad corporation has stomped over the little guy. When in this case it didn't.
Uhm... folks... Joe Sixpack left two hours ago, when he saw the "WARNING: All data on non-removable disk drive C: will be deleted" message in fdisk. He's out in the back yard with the kids.
Most folks named Joe and affectionately called "Sixpack" would probably think something along the lines of "why" if you started talking about your modded OSX. I don't think that this would really affect the popularity of the stock Mac experience.
Information wants to be free.
Entertainment wants to be paid.
You just want to be cheap.
They would have much more clients on iTMS if they just offered FairPlay or whatchmacallit to the other manufacturers... They already profit big, and they could be profiting bigger -- and they are blind for not seeing something so obvious.
It's better to be the foot on the boot than the face on the pavement. ~~ tkx Kadin2048
That works great, until you want the OSX interface, or want to run a commercial application that isnt offered to anything other then OSX and Windows. ( which is most that *businesses* need )
Sure it would be nice if you could do it, but OSS is no where near offering mainstream business an alternative *desktop*. And by the time it does, PC's will be so locked down that all we will get to run will be force fed us by the 'big players' that have bought in to the DRM control syndicate.
---- Booth was a patriot ----
>> Too busy lathering at the mouth over how some big bad corporation has stomped over the little guy. When in this case it didn't.
They forced a site to shutdown it's forums because of a LINK!!!!
When did a link become illegal? If this isn't a corporation stomping on a little guy, I don't know what is.
It has been statistically shown that helmets increase the risk of head injury.
Good point - I'd better make sure I never accidentally link to http://maxxuss.hotbox.ru/ . After all, Apple might not like it if I link to http://maxxuss.hotbox.ru/ , because then people could go to http://maxxuss.hotbox.ru/ and find information on how to use the software they paid for.
:)
Obviously, we can't have that, so I'll make sure not to link to http://maxxuss.hotbox.ru/ . Thanks for reminding me that http://maxxuss.hotbox.ru/ is bad voodoo - I'll make sure that none of my websites contains a link to http://maxxuss.hotbox.ru/ , too!
quidquid latine dictum sit altum videtur.
Apple clearly expects to lose the technical battle to keep OS X from running on non-Apple hardware. Calling out the lawyers means they are accepting defeat, at least for the moment on the locking the software front. In a way, this is good news for those who want to run OS X on non-Apple hardware. The information will migrate to being hosted in country without the absurd DMCA.
Like it or not, OSX86 and OSX are not precisely the same operating system. A license to one is not a license to the other. Rosetta, for example, is a new piece of software.
You cannot currently buy OSX86. If you have a PPC Mac or you've bought retail OSX, you do not have a license or ownership in any form of the Rosetta software. The only people who currently have any kind of fair-use standing to bitch about this are people who have purchased an Intel Mac. Even they only have the license to run one copy of the software.
So if you've purchased an Intel iMac, installed Linux on it, and you would now like to install OSX on a commodity PC... have at it. Yell at Apple all you like. I somehow doubt that even one individual is in precisely that position right now. All this complaining is hypothetical.
People are ready to be pissed off when retail OSX86 is available for sale but restricted from running on PCs. Well, who knows? Maybe Apple will stop selling OSX retail. That's a valid approach to this situation... they could just sell it with the hardware, and _give it away_ to people who have the hardware. Buying a Mac could be a license to use whatever the newest version of OSX is on your Mac as long as your model is still supported. This isn't unusual. It's the way firmware IP works. It might be the only way for them to grow on x86 hardware.
For now, nobody has the legal standing to run x86 on commodity hardware without first taking it off of a nicer, genuine Apple first. This is true even if you believe in every variant of fair use any forum fanboy can imagine.
Early versions of OS X were heralded because they showed such extraordinary potential. At last, a company showed an operating system simple enough for novices while retaining its complexity for masters. A company wedded the *nix experience with a slick GUI. The same machine could easily run MS Office, Adobe programs and a myriad of open source code. Decent developer tools came free in every box. Even if the beta and 10.0 releases of OS X were slow and crashed frequently, a lot of people looked at them and saw the future. That vision was even more radical because Macs in the 90's were so horrendous by comparison.
Prior to OS X, Apple did not have a good reputation. People legitimately predicted their death. If they were mentioned on tech sites at all, it was with appropriate derision. Although some Mac users display the kind of religious zealotry you describe, your argument is still a straw man. There is no "mystique" for most of us. In the Win95 era, Apple had a crappy operating system and so did Microsoft, so a lot of new computer buyers bought Windows systems. More people still do. But Apple now offers a compelling line up. That's why they get respect on Slashdot. The company is far from saintly, as their DMCA threats show, but they are better than Microsoft and easier to use, particularly for laptops, than Linux. OS X turned the company around. It's a good operating system. That's why people use it. That's why people saw the early versions and said "wow."
It's not coincidence that I type this from a PowerBook that originally ran 10.3.
So, to sum up the sentiments in regard to this news, predominantly people claim that since DMCA is evil and Apple are using it to shut down the forums, where hardworking, freedom loving hackers were trying to liberate Mac OS X for the benefit of all humanity, this makes them evil too.
However, I did not see anybody considering the possibility, that the all pervasive, all restricting DMCA is simply the easiest, cheapest, most hassle free way for Apple to protect their rights, as opposed to an attempt to harass people or deny them the right of freedom (of speech or of whatever else). I also could not find many people, who understand that Apple protecting their rights is no different than you, an ordinary person, protecting your rights. And before you say it, no, you do not have the right to run Mac OS X on whatever hardware you want, as long as you legally purchased it. Nobody, except Apple, has any right over most of Mac OS X. You get only the rights that Apple decides to give you, no more, no less. That is the whole idea behind proprietary vs. free/open source software. The first is developer centric, while the second is user centric. And as for the open source parts of Mac OS X, Darwin or WebKit/WebCore for example, you can download them for free, with all their source code, and you can modify and install them on whatever hardware you fancy.
Many people call the guys behind OSx86 project hackers or hobbyists and defend their deeds. I ask, though, if these guys are such good coders/hackers and are motivated solely by their altruism, why don't they employ their skills in a more constructive and beneficial for everybody way. Don't you think that, although being not at all that glamorous, but also no that suspiciously resembling publicity exercise, these guys could partake in the development of, off the top of my head, openstep, KDE 4, GTK+ port of WebKit/WebCore, etc.? These, and a lot more similar projects, can produce a free (and legally so) equivalent of Mac OS X (or Windows, or whatever desktop OS (or part of) you can think of).
Ultimately, my rant ca be distilled in the following two sentences: You can't justify breaking laws or contractual agreements with your desire to have a cool, flashy OS, nor you can demand or expect a company to change their business model and practices for the same reason. However, you can donate your time and skills or support in some other way a F/OSS project that aspires to give you just that - cool, flashy, but also free OS.
The EULA binds you to only run it on Macintoshes, in the same way the Linux EULA (aka the GPL) binds you from distributing modified copies without the source.
Don't blame me, I voted for Baltar.
>>> Too busy lathering at the mouth over how some big bad corporation has stomped over the little guy.
>> They forced a site to shutdown it's forums because of a LINK!!!!
>> When did a link become illegal? If this isn't a corporation stomping on a little guy, I don't know what is.
> I agree with you, a link should not be illegal.
> And what else are they supposed to do? Just sit back and ignore it?
So you're argument changed from, "this isn't some corporation stopping on a little guy" to
stomping on a little guy is legal, and profitable. Therefore it's the only thing to do.
I hope at least you are no longer wondering why having your rights to free speech violated might make someone "lather at the mouth"
It has been statistically shown that helmets increase the risk of head injury.
Does your machine not support restarting the Finder? I've been able to give my locked up Finder a three-finger salute and select "relaunch."
-- I'm old enough to have lived through six different meanings of the word "hacker."
Donno what Apples net profit is, but I'm getting 70 cents a pop for a 99 cent song. And I'm signed up through Tune Core, so it's not like I'm some RIAA shill. 99 - 70 = 29 cents to cover the rest of the bills.
"Gratuitous complexity is akin to chaos" - True Vox