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Space Elevator vs Wildlife

An anonymous reader writes "The longest test yet of the technology that might one day lead to space elevators has revealed some unusual problems. From the article: "There were several unexpected encounters with wildlife. More than a dozen insect egg colonies had been laid on the tether and curious bats flew around the balloons, apparently attracted by the sound made by the tether's vibrations. Late in the test, swallows were also seen swooping down on the balloons, possibly to sip the morning dew on their surfaces." Maybe all the critters just want to go to space too."

22 of 307 comments (clear)

  1. Just goes to show... by general+scruff · · Score: 4, Insightful

    How adaptable nature really is. Other than things that really destroy an environment, all human interaction and structure isn't harmful. Who knows what type of new eco system could be in the works!

    --
    As a rule, I never trust dark brown ketchup.
    1. Re:Just goes to show... by jimmichie · · Score: 5, Funny

      No no, the space shuttle blows. ( -5 horribly insensitive)

    2. Re:Just goes to show... by maxwell+demon · · Score: 5, Funny
      but repetition makes it funny (+1 funny)

      Really? Well, let me try:

      but repetition makes it funny (+1 funny)
      --
      The Tao of math: The numbers you can count are not the real numbers.
  2. Don't Lose Sight of Our Goal! by Digital+Vomit · · Score: 5, Funny

    No, you fools! It's mother nature trying to keep us from leaving this planet! She wants to take us down with her!

    "Oooh, so Mother Nature needs a favor?! Well maybe she should have thought of that when she was besetting us with droughts and floods and poison monkeys! Nature started the fight for survival, and now she wants to quit because she's losing. Well I say, hard cheese." - C. M. Burns

    --
    Modern copyright is theft of culture from everyone and it retards the progress of the useful arts and sciences.
    1. Re:Don't Lose Sight of Our Goal! by hcob$ · · Score: 4, Funny
      "BALLS . . . IN SPACE!!!" the sequel to "SPACEBALLS"
      I believe the title you are looking for is "Spaceballs 2: The Search For More Money". But that's ok, we'll just have to confiscate this...

      *yoinks geek badge*

      There, everything's fine now.
      --
      Cliff Claven
      K.E.G. Party Chairman
      Founding Leader of: Koncerned for Egalitarin Governance
  3. Just goes to show... by Z1NG · · Score: 5, Funny

    The space shuttle sucks, a space elevator swallows.

  4. swallows by thhamm · · Score: 5, Funny

    Late in the test, swallows were also seen swooping down on the balloons ...

    african or european swallows?

  5. Other issues and possible resolution by LiquidCoooled · · Score: 5, Interesting

    Once it gets out into space, wouldn't the long carbon tether become charged?

    Like the static we discharge walking around the office, any critters setting up home will be in for a nasty shock.

    --
    liqbase :: faster than paper
    1. Re:Other issues and possible resolution by Tim+C · · Score: 4, Informative

      Strictly, you don't need to be grounded in order to recieve a shock, you need to have one part of your body (eg a hand) touching an area of high voltage, while another (eg a foot) touches an area of low(er) potential. That creates a potential difference between the two points, which enables current to flow; it is this current that causes the shock. Birds can sit on power lines because the potential difference between their feet is tiny, and so any current that does flow is insignificant.

      Now the situation is a little different if the object is charged. Then, when you touch it, charge will tend to flow from it to you (as you are uncharged). If you're touching an area of lower potential, you'll get a shock, just as the GP mentions. If not, then you'll simply become charged. What happens then depends on a number of factors; perhaps you'll bleed the charge off naturally, perhaps you'll retain some of it until you ground yourself and get a delayed shock (just as you do when touching metal after charging yourself on carpet, etc).

      I suppose if the thing is charged enough, then the short-lived flow of charge into the body could deliver enough of a shock to be problematic, but I'm an (ex-)physicist, not a physician, so I don't know for sure.

  6. Buckle and deformation problems by radarsat1 · · Score: 4, Interesting
    The team learned that if the tether is pulled hard by wind, it starts to buckle and deform slightly, creating crinkles. The robot climber hit these crinkles and could not proceed because they made the tether too thick for it to handle.

    "We broke our robot by doing this," Laine says. "It's the kind of failure we never would have learned had we only been doing 6-hour tests." Future designs will have to incorporate sensors to tell the robot when it is about to encounter varying thicknesses.
    Strong but thin


    Hm... do you think that if your tether is beginning to BUCKLE AND DEFORM, you might have a slightly more fundamental problem than just needing to redesign the robot?

    Well, I'm sure they're aware of it. But this kind of thing probably won't become more obvious until they do a 6-month test, I guess. Or 6-years. But the potential for your tether to break off eventually is probably going to be a slight drawback.
  7. Re:Nature by 140Mandak262Jamuna · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Come on Nature does NOT abhor vacuum. 99.999% of nature IS vacuum.

    --
    sed -e 's/Chuck Norris/Rajnikant/g' joke > fact
  8. It's Probably a Valid Concern by eldavojohn · · Score: 5, Informative
    From an industry report I found sometime ago on Slashdot:
    Among the small wonders produced by nanotechnology are carbon nanotubes, an advanced material as strong as diamond. These amazing carbon cylinders possess 100 times the tensile strength of steel and are 10,000 times finer than human hair. They are believed to conduct heat better than any other material, and they can also conduct electricity or function as semiconductors.

    "Nanotubes are astonishingly promising, and I'm a realist, not an optimist," says Rod Ruoff, a mechanical engineering professor at Northwestern University. "It's a question of making the technology cheap enough." In 2001, only 3 kilograms of the highest quality carbon nanotubes--the single-walled variety--were produced worldwide, each gram worth $300, or 30 times as expensive as gold.

    Now, full-scale production of carbon nanotubes is underway at the world's first ever large-scale nanotube factory, built outside Tokyo by the Carbon Nanotech Research Institute, a subsidiary of Japan's Mitsui & Co. The new facility is expected to churn out 10 tons of carbon nanotubes--albeit the lesser quality multi-walled type--a month, and CNRI anticipates the price will be a much more reasonable $80 a kilogram.

    These multi-walled carbon nanotubes may not possess all the impressive properties of their single-walled brethren, but mixed with plastics, they make ultrastrong composites or microscale precision parts. Such carbon nanotube-filled plastics are already being used by automakers in fuel lines because they are conductive and can thus be grounded to release static electricity, which can ignite flammable gasoline.
    But this LiftPort PDF states:
    One issue brought up is the possibility of discharging the ionosphere. Our calculations based on the size and conductivity of the ribbon and the electrical properties exhibited in our upper atmosphere illustrate that a small area (square meters) around the ribbon could become discharged in the worst conditions. The magnitude of this discharging makes us believe with high confidence that no adverse local or global phenomenon will occur. It also shows that it is unlikely, without considerable effort, that any kind of usable power may be generated by this same method.
    I think your concern is valid though for conduction through the ionoshpere or even on the surface of the nano tube/wire -- what would this huge antenna/conducter do to our atmosphere (if anything)?
    --
    My work here is dung.
    1. Re:It's Probably a Valid Concern by asuffield · · Score: 4, Insightful
      I think your concern is valid though for conduction through the ionoshpere or even on the surface of the nano tube/wire -- what would this huge antenna/conducter do to our atmosphere (if anything)?


      Probably nothing very different to a good thunderstorm. High voltage discharges through the atmosphere aren't anything unusual. Might not be a good idea to live next to the thing.

      You have to realise that the ionosphere is fundamentally unstable, in the same manner that a waterfall is unstable. It's continually eroding and discharging, and only appears to remain there because it has a continual feed of new energy (from solar radiation). Thunderstorms are the most common way for it to dump excess energy. We could perhaps create a small region in which there is an unusual electric field, but we can't do any real damage any more than you can damage a river by standing in it. It may be assumed that all people and equipment near the top of such an object would have to be shielded in the same manner that all space equipment already has to be (since it operates beyond the ionosphere), so it shouldn't cause any significant problems in that respect. The most likely effect of the thing is to reduce the number of thunderstorms in the immediate area (because there will be less voltage around to cause them).

      It should be an interesting experiment to put up a really tall lightning conductor and see what happens.
    2. Re:It's Probably a Valid Concern by Rei · · Score: 4, Informative

      Well, yes, but there's still the inner Van Allen belt to contend with, where it will encounter a radiation flux of highly energetic protons (some > 100MeV). In addition to being damaging, they'll positively charge the elevator. That doesn't mean that they'll be a problem, though.

      My big gripe about these experiments? They're working on ironing the kinks out of a climber on a tether, and ignoring the 800lb gorilla in the room: namely, that a space elevator from Earth needs to be built out of unobtainium to be realistic.

      Most serious proposals (ones that actually consider the economics) require a tether strength the density of graphite with a tensile strength > 100GPa. Many want higher -- > 120GPa. The reason is the taper factor. You get much lower and the taper factor becomes huge. A huge taper factor means a vastly increased launch weight, pushing the costs into fantasyland. They'll often cite studies showing that SWNTs (Single-Walled Nanotubes) have 100, 120, sometimes even more GPa predicted tensile strength. There's a big problem with that: they don't have that sort of strength. Measured strengths of SWNTs have capped out at just over 60GPa. Now, this could be from imperfections in the tubes, but it's quite possible, due to the way that the tubes form (extruded from a tiny ball of molten carbon -- this sometime even leads to them looking like "strings of pearls" in places) that imperfections are, for the forseable future, an inherent part of SWNTs. It's also possible that even perfect SWNTs just aren't that strong. Either way, this is a huge roadblock -- one that's not going to be solved, commercially, any time soon. Possibly never.

      Then there's the next potentially fatal flaw to the problem: nanotube ropes. CNTs naturally align into ropes (they can be hard to get separated in fact). Unfortunately, they naturally align into haphazard ropes, weakening them. Even a flawless rope, however, faces some serious fundamental problems. The ropes are held together by VdW and pi bonding -- not nearly as strong as the orderly CNT sp2 bonds. With the ability to make flawless, extremely long CNTs, and align them perfectly into ropes, the long individual tube length could supply enough force in the VdW and pi bonding to hold the ropes together under the sort of pressures that cause the tubes to break. In the real world, however, we're typically limited to about 20GPa.

      However, CNT ropes are only part of the problem in themselves. You need to make a fiber or fabric out of them. Once again, imperfect bonding and manufacturing problems step in the way, reducing your strength by a significant factor yet again.

      See the problem? They quote the *theoretical* strength of *unlimited length* *individual tubes*, and pretend that we're right around the corner from being able to produce a tether like that. We're not even close. This is *The* challenge with a space elevator. The amount of engineering to achieve such strengths, if they're even possible (a very big if), vastly exceeds the engineering needed to make a photovoltaic-powered machine climb a rope. They want to be seen as making progress, but really, they're spinning their wheels unless a (quite possibly impossible) material to make the tether out of, affordably, is discovered.

      --
      "Is Donald Trump a racist? I'll let you decide 'Yes' for yourself."
  9. Bats, man. by Rob+T+Firefly · · Score: 5, Funny
    curious bats flew around the balloons, apparently attracted by the sound made by the tether's vibrations
    No, it's just that bats' natural habitats are improbably long tethers that don't really lead anywhere.
  10. Re:Time..... by jimstapleton · · Score: 5, Informative

    actually, they'd be able to travel faster because there would be more accelleration time. It would take just over ten seconds at 1G (2G force on the passangers) to get to a velocity of 100meters per second, at which point you have 360,000 seconds, or 100 hours. Now with a lower accelleration, but a longer acceleration, that could be cut down significantly. Once acceleration stops, you are back to 1G (minus the effects of your distance from earth).

    --
    34486853790
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  11. Ants by StarfishOne · · Score: 5, Interesting

    Crazy thought:

    Assuming ants can climb up the elevator, I wonder which altitude they could reach, given the fact that they supposedly don't need a lot of oxygen with their small bodies. (I know that ants don't have lungs and breathe through tiny pores, but still)

  12. Re:60,000 mile tether - not possible by VoidEngineer · · Score: 5, Insightful

    This idea just doesn't seem possible. A 60,000 mile tether, strong enough to carry a satellite sitting on a robot elevator all the way up into space. And then successfully deploying the satellite off the elevator. And this would be cheaper than rockets that send satellites into orbit now?

    A space elevator sounds great, it just seems far-fetched. A 100 meter test. Only 96,560,540 more meters to go.


    Ah, I see that your glass is half empty. While you say "A 100 meter test. Only 96,560,540 more meters to go" implying it's impossible, we say "A 100 meter test! Only 96,560,540 more meters to go" with the idea that we're simply going to do that 100 meter test 965,600 more times. Yes, that oversimplifies things, but it's a half glass full kind of perspective.

    Consider: As I understand it, the wiring in the Golden Gate Bridge, if layed end-to-end, would stretch around the globe three times over. Considering the circumfrence of the earth is something like 40,000km, that would mean that we've already built bridge structures that incorporate over 100,000km of cabling. Granted, the design of the space elevator is completely novel; but this stuff is based on modern engineering understanding.

    People get the scale of this whole project wrong. The initial ribbon would need to be small and slender and thin for weight purpouses of the initial ribbon. After that's established, we would start adding mass to the space elevator, until it's a megastructure, not unlike the Golden Gate Bridge. Eventually, the dream is to create a verticle subway system of sorts. Access to space would be cheaper than rockets once the space elevator was built up to the scale of the Golden Gate Bridge or the New York City Subway System.

  13. The structure itself is way less problem.... by CFD339 · · Score: 4, Insightful

    ..when you compare it to the support city that will spring up around the base of any such endeavor.

    I'm not saying that is a bad thing, btw. If done will, maybe this technology would be cleaner overall than rockets or some kind of mythical antigravity fusion powered jet-pack thing.

    --
    The problem with quotes on the internet, is that nobody bothers to check their veracity. -- Abraham Lincoln
  14. Re:robot tests are dumb by dfenstrate · · Score: 5, Informative

    I think you mean two orders of magnitude off, not 100.

    That being said, how far off were we when this idea was first concieved, or practical work began? A factor of 1000? 10,000 ?

    Anyway, we do stuff like this because it's fun and achievable. Most people who follow this sort of thing know that material strength of tether is the current limiting factor, and there is ongoing research in this field.

    But there are plenty of people who don't have the expertise to contribute to the material strength problem, but they can sure have fun screwing around with climbers, can't they? The work has to be done sometime anyway.

    --
    Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms should be the name of a store, not a government agency.
  15. Re:60,000 mile tether - not possible by heli0 · · Score: 5, Insightful

    "A circumnavigational flight sounds great, it just seems far-fetched. An 852 foot test. Only 131,472,000 more feet to go."
    -- Overheard circa 1903

    --
    Whenever the offence inspires less horror than the punishment, the rigour of penal law is obliged to give way...
  16. Very promising concept by Rankiri · · Score: 4, Informative

    Here's a quote from an IEEE Spectrum article (Aug, 2005):

    "It now costs about US $20 000 per kilogram to put objects into orbit. Contrast that rate with the results of a study I recently performed for NASA, which concluded that a single space elevator could reduce the cost of orbiting payloads to a remarkably low $200 a kilogram and that multiple elevators could ultimately push costs down below $10 a kilogram. With space elevators we could eventually make putting people and cargo into space as cheap, kilogram for kilogram, as airlifting them across the Pacific."

    The article answers many space elevator-related questions. Those who want to know more about the project can read it here:

    http://spectrum.ieee.org/aug05/1690

    There are some technical problems (mainly related to construction of the cable) to be solved first, but the space elevator idea is definitely worth serious consideration, as it could provide humanity with extremely cheap and easy access to space.