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Science Journal Publishers Wary of Free Information

Billosaur writes "Nature.com is reporting that the Association of American Publishers (AAP), which includes the companies that publish scientific journals, is becoming concerned with the free-information movement. A meeting was arranged with PR professional Eric Dezenhall to discuss the problem. Dezenhall's firm has worked with the likes of ExxonMobil 'to criticize the environmental group Greenpeace', among other campaigns. The publishers are worried that the free exchange of scientific information may be bad for the bottom line, as it might cause the money from subscriptions to their journals to dry up. Among the recommendations: 'The consultant advised them to focus on simple messages, such as "Public access equals government censorship". He hinted that the publishers should attempt to equate traditional publishing models with peer review, and "paint a picture of what the world would look like without peer-reviewed articles.' The AAP is trying to counter messages from groups such as the Public Library of Science (PLoS), an open-access publisher and prominent advocate of free access to information, or the National Institutes of Health's (NIH's) PubMed Central."

293 comments

  1. Oh yes, by hjf · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Oh yes, the American way. Information that's vital for you: either pay for it, or die.

    Now seriously, come on! those "scientific" papers, I didn't know they made MILLIONS a year out of subscriptions (that's what research costs, millions if not billions). Maybe I'm in the wrong business?

    1. Re:Oh yes, by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The need for fee driven scientific publishers is clearly marginal. There is an amazimg volume of technical literature that is inaccessible without a credit card. And a lot of it is produced at "public institutions". At very least, this stuff should be made free after a 3-6 month delay.

      Anyone who needs the information on an immediate basis probably has the funds.

      The rest of us would just like to stay informed without paying our IEEE "tax", etc.

    2. Re:Oh yes, by mc6809e · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Oh yes, the American way. Information that's vital for you: either pay for it, or die.

      Money is a promise from society to do something for the person that holds it.

      If someone learns or discovers something that saves lives, I say they deserve more than just "hey, thanks" back from society.

    3. Re:Oh yes, by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
      Oh yes, the American way. Information that's vital for you: either pay for it, or die.

      Translation for Slashdot crowd:

      I today's America, information profits from YOU!
    4. Re:Oh yes, by anagama · · Score: 2, Funny

      I don't know the answer so someone enlightment me. To people who submit and have accepted, papers for publication in scientific journals get paid? If so, how is that divided between all the contributors to the paper? Is there a royalty paid for each time the article is sold? Is it a lump sum payment to the author/authors?

      --
      What changed under Obama? Nothing Good
    5. Re:Oh yes, by AoT · · Score: 1

      Go look at the list of the ten richest people in the U.S.

      Now tell me which one of them saved peoples lives with whatever they made their money on.

    6. Re:Oh yes, by AoT · · Score: 4, Informative

      Authors?

      In scientific journals?

      Paid?

      Man, I wish I lived in that magical world.

    7. Re:Oh yes, by superwiz · · Score: 1

      Everytime someone make A LOT of money they do it by providing to the society something that solves some of societies problems. Unless we are talking about companies that are in the business of dealing drugs (tobaco companies, possibly fast food, etc), whoever created these companies freed up a lot of hastles from a lot of peoples lives so that those people can use that freed up time to take care of their lives. How many lives were saved by car manufacturers? Think about that the next time you drive your granfather to the hospital. Of course, cars also cause deaths, but the end-effect is that they improve lives. That's why people who make cars, medicine, search engines, paper, etc. do indeed save lives. They just do it indirectly -- by creating a world in which we don't live by fighting each other for a piece of bread. Whoever contributes most to the society, get to collect the largest fees in return. If you don't like it, kindly remove from your live all the benefits of modernity.

      --
      Any guest worker system is indistinguishable from indentured servitude.
    8. Re:Oh yes, by posterlogo · · Score: 5, Informative
      Absolutely not.


      There is no monetary payment whatsover. The costs associated with publishing are typically paid for by advertising, and some journals with lower circulations may charge page costs as well. The authors never get payed royalties or anything for journal articles. It's an amazing thing really -- putting all your work out there for review (essentially before AND after publication), for the simple satisfaction that you have made a contribution to the knowledgebase. If your conclusions are erroneous, the community will figure it out eventually, and if your contributions are right on, you will be remembered as someone who had a positive impact on the field (you may even get rewarded). Scientists in academia are generally not the richest people in the world.

    9. Re:Oh yes, by hjf · · Score: 1

      Are you stupid? Do you really think these scientists make their research out of their pockets and make money out of their papers? No sir, they work for universities, public institutions, etc. They already get paid for it. And universities get enough funding from student admissions (and the government in public schools). And public institutions get enough funding from the government. They don't need to charge you for it, if you're just an individual who happens to be interested in that particular topic.

      Oh, and most people that discovers things that save lives, work for big corporations. These corporations make money out of that (and the research is protected by secret).

      What about all the things corporations have discovered (cancer drugs, etc) that don't get manufactured because there is no market for that? So, you say someone that discovers something that saves lives, deserves more than "hey, thanks" from the society? Well, I think the society gives enough to some people, and gets more than enough "hey, fuck you" from greedy corporations, protected by patents, etc. Making even public-funded research available by subscription only, just makes things worse.

    10. Re:Oh yes, by Nutria · · Score: 1
      Everytime someone make A LOT of money they do it by providing to the society something that solves some of societies problems.

      How does Microsoft solve society's problems?

      business of dealing drugs (tobaco companies

      Tobacco companies (and illegal drug dealers) do "solve" individuals problems. Otherwise, people would not want to buy their products.

      possibly fast food, etc)

      How is fast food a drug?

      --
      "I don't know, therefore Aliens" Wafflebox1
    11. Re:Oh yes, by TheGavster · · Score: 1

      The subscription pays for the paper. The research and the researcher were paid for by your taxes (through the NSF and other funds), private foundations, and students everywhere (through tuition). These guys are scared that their services won't be needed anymore, like the French buttonmakers afraid of cloth buttons.

      --
      "Because Science" is one step from "Because old book". Try "Because of my experiment testing my falsifiable assertion".
    12. Re:Oh yes, by eMbry00s · · Score: 1
      If someone learns or discovers something that saves lives, I say they deserve more than just "hey, thanks" back from society.
      Then may I perhaps suggest that you let society (collectively) pay for this instead of letting the individual do this himself, as he is obviously in no shape to do so (in the case of medical patents)?
    13. Re:Oh yes, by superwiz · · Score: 1

      Without getting too much into brain chemistry, anything that one is addicted to fools one into thinking that they receive more benefit from taking it than they actually do. That is actually by definition of the word "addiction". Microsoft has provided access to computers to people who are too stupid or to busy to learn to use a different system. These people have more free time because they can do tasks they could not do before because they can use computers. Most businesses that choose to use Microsoft do so because they have figured out way to be more efficient by using MS despite its shortcommings. Fast food is known to cause severe health problems with digestive and cardiovascular system. Better nourishment can be gained from less addictive food products. This is a long debate. It would be perfect for flame war. But I just wanted to make a general economic point and I wanted to be precise while doing it. The point was that was that if you create something that makes billions is used by millions and harms few, you are most likely making the world better for everyone, extending everyones lifespan directly or indirectly and deserve the huge compensation that you end up with. Money as the universal exhcange of "thank you" is a pretty good tool.

      --
      Any guest worker system is indistinguishable from indentured servitude.
    14. Re:Oh yes, by bismark.a · · Score: 1

      Such anti-capitalist rant is pissing me off. So to argue against the parent's point, I'm going to actually counter him right here.

      10 Richest people in (US according to Forbes - http://www.forbes.com/lists/2006/54/biz_06rich400_ The-400-Richest-Americans_Rank.html)

      1. Bill Gates
      There is no doubt that personal computers have brought a revolution to mankind. And Bill Gates, has been instrumental in building a machine (http://www.microsoft.com) which has been instrumental in this market. (And I don't want to talk about his philanthropic efforts, because even without that his contribution has been more than anyone else I respect)

      2. Warren Buffet
      Investing in and cherry picking companies and industries which are worthy is an important element in market economy. It helps weed out the bad apples, and introduces an efficiency into the system. Buffet has created a legendary record in this field, and inspired a whole army of market players. This may not seem like contributing anything to the way a common man lives his life, but like the Sun is helping blossoming fruit bearing plants.

      3. Sheldon Adelson
      A self made man, who provides what other men need to entertain themselves. No, may not save life, but certainly makes it worthwhile.

      4. Larry Ellison
      What would I be using if there weren't an Oracle database (probably mysql or postgresql or even sqlite), some high cost product from IBM? Information age is based on the data flow life blood. Commoditization of databases, gives everyone cheaper infrastructure. (It also gives developers hierarchical queries :-))

      5. Paul Allen
      A key partner who founded Microsoft. (But living off selling Microsoft shares since?)

      6. Jim Walton
      Eats the fruits of his fathers efforts. But I am sure walmart has made everyones shopping affordable now?

      7. Christy Walton
      Hey what are these Walton kids eating so much for? I wonder how much did the frickin' government of USA eat on Walton's death?

      8. Robson Walton
      Three is a strike. I propose raising estate taxes to 70% excluding one decent home for the kids.

      9. Michael Dell
      Fourth chap in this list from the Information age. I love cheaper p.c.'s and rhyming with Hell figured out how to get them to me. Sadly I prefer AMD chips, which he never used to sell before ... But still lots of lives are saved here.

      10. Alice Walton
      Did Old man Walton give anything to charity at all?

      So, about half the people on the list deservedly need to be respected for the way they came from humble beginnings to contribute so much. And other half are due to Sam old man Walton who might have unceremoniously departed before he could have thought about charity or some other social contribution. But hey all the bucks that even he accumulated and left for his bounty litter, must be spent and given back to the society, or invested in it to make more of it, right?

    15. Re:Oh yes, by InsertCleverUsername · · Score: 1

      > Scientists in academia are generally not the richest people in the world.

      This is exactly why I almost do a spit take when some flat-Earther uses the bizarre line that
      "scientists are just saying there's a global warming problem so they'll get lots of funding and fame." Every time I think conservative talking points have become as disconnected from reality as possible, somebody drops another tab of acid into the Kool-Aid.

      --
      Ask me about my sig!
    16. Re:Oh yes, by Voltaire759 · · Score: 1

      There has actually been a disturbing trend where authors are asked to pay, by the page, for publication in peer-reviewed journals.

      --
      Écrasez l'infâme
    17. Re:Oh yes, by FreelanceWizard · · Score: 3, Informative

      As a graduate student who's been published, I can say this:

      We don't get paid jack when we get published.

      In fact, for many journals, we have to pay them a substantial per-page fee if we include graphics beyond a fixed (low) limit, or exceed the page count. Even for peer-reviewed books, we don't receive payment for the chapters we contribute. Also, we have to pay for reprints of the article. Oh, and we also have to sign copyright assignment forms that transfer the copyright on our work to the publisher.

      Because of this, many people in my department (experimental psychology) have started turning our manuscripts into PDFs and posting them on the web once they're accepted for publication. In that way, we preserve the peer review system and the journal system while simultaneously giving access to those who can't readily acquire the journal. Yes, we know it's not legal, seeing as we signed over all the rights to the publisher, but we feel it's morally appropriate to let scientific knowledge be free.

      --
      The Freelance Wizard
    18. Re:Oh yes, by Jesus_666 · · Score: 1

      Meanwhile the publishers first sell the paper version of the journal to universities and then raise the price because they now offer a digital version, as well.

      If you tell them you only want the digital or paper version and not both, the price goes up, so you still pay for both even if you don't want to. Couple that with the prospect of heving the whole stuff DRMed so you can't even make copies for your course and you end up with something that makes the movie and music myrket look like heaven.

      Seriously, I think that switching to open content would seriously improve the financial position of many universities (like mine where they're starting to shut down non-"excellence areas" because they want to streamline the uni).

      --
      USE HOT GRITS WITH STATUE OF NATALIE PORTMAN (NAKED AND PETRIFIED)
    19. Re:Oh yes, by hjf · · Score: 1

      Bill Gates and his Philantropic efforts? Dude, he's got like 53 billion dollars and he's given away how much? Like, 100 million? Besides, I'm pretty sure those were tax-deductible donations.

      To put it in perspective, I would respect Bill more if he donated, say, 10 billion dollars. No, I'm not joking, I know it's a lot of money. But he's got like what left? 40bn. Dude. You could live several lifetimes with 1bn alone. The amount of money Bill has is just ridiculous. And he wants more. More. MORE!!!!!! Come on, step aside, and let someone else have their piece of the cake too, you have earned more than you'll ever spend.

    20. Re:Oh yes, by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      > There is no monetary payment whatsover. ...

      Actually, the author (or his institution or grant) frequently has to pay a submission fee with his manuscript to even be considered for publication.

    21. Re:Oh yes, by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Gates has given $30 billion since 2000. Do you respect Bill now?

    22. Re:Oh yes, by Maxo-Texas · · Score: 1

      Some (not all) fast food is made with substances that fool your brain into wanting to eat more.

      And most fast foods are made with simple sugars and finely ground grains that also have a similar effect.
      You can see the second effect yourself.

      Remove sugars and flour from your diet (eat veggies, meat, healthy stuff) for about a couple months month.

      Then eat something mostly made of flour for your meal-- like say a 21oz frozen lasania (sp)

      You will be surprised how incredibly hungry you get about a half hour after you ate it (almost 2 pounds of stuff).

      --
      She was like chocolate when she drank... semi-sweet at first and then increasingly bitter.
    23. Re:Oh yes, by caranha · · Score: 1

      Nope, we're not paid to publish.

      Some journals will be "nice enough" to give you a copy of the specific volume where your work was published. And they always send you that friendly letter about how everything you wrote is now their copyright and you can't republish it anywhere else.

      Meh.

      And still, if we don't have those magical publications under our curriculum, we won't be getting another renewal of our funding, or a job in an university.

    24. Re:Oh yes, by odyaws · · Score: 1

      Because of this, many people in my department (experimental psychology) have started turning our manuscripts into PDFs and posting them on the web once they're accepted for publication. In that way, we preserve the peer review system and the journal system while simultaneously giving access to those who can't readily acquire the journal. Yes, we know it's not legal, seeing as we signed over all the rights to the publisher, but we feel it's morally appropriate to let scientific knowledge be free.
      Read the fine print of the copyright agreement carefully. Oftentimes this *is* actually legal, as long as you post the final revision rather than the pdf that actually appears in the journal. They may also require some disclaimer stating that it isn't exactly the published version, with a url to the paid, published version (YMMV).
      --
      Still trying to think of a clever sig...
    25. Re:Oh yes, by AoT · · Score: 1

      And the life saving is where?

      Not a single one of those people made there money on things that save peoples lives, or anything close.

      All of them are good at making money.

      P.S. Yes, I think it is good that Gates and Buffet are giving back, but the argument is about how much people are worth.

    26. Re:Oh yes, by rtb61 · · Score: 1
      That is very interesting. It appears that in any any area of content creation publishers are just a burden and an expense and do not contribute anything.

      The internet seems likely to do one really useful thing, eliminate useless parasitical publishers and the B$ advertising they thrive on.

      It will be interesting to see if the quality of available content improves or worsens as a result of the disappearance of publishers, my bet is it will improve.

      --
      Chaos - everything, everywhere, everywhen
    27. Re:Oh yes, by bismark.a · · Score: 1

      And the life saving is where?

      Not a single one of those people made there money on things that save peoples lives, or anything close.

      All of them are good at making money.
      If you restrict life saving to literally saving some ones life in an accident or something, then, yes it is not there. But, if you consider that a lot of time in your life is saved,
      when someone invents a new gadget that cuts your computing time in half,
      or when someone mass-markets it so you get it for half the price,
      or when someone writes a software to get you do things 10 times as faster because of the faster processor,
      or when someone brings along great people together who can write such software
      or when someone who enables other people to buy such things cheaply from their neighbourhood stores
      or when someone who does his homework on companies who are doing things right, makes a profit on it, inspiring an army of others
      or when someone who entertains you for your money earned from using some or all of above,

      then consider how much life is saved!
    28. Re:Oh yes, by AoT · · Score: 1

      If you restrict life saving to literally saving some ones life

      Just stop it.

      This is pathetic.

      Of course we were talking about literally saving someones life.

    29. Re:Oh yes, by maxume · · Score: 1

      um. $28.8 Billion. The Bill and Melinda Gates foundation has disbursed billions of dollars, so it isn't all talk either.

      http://www.microsoft.com/presspass/exec/billg/bio. mspx (mostly because no one who hates him will take it seriously)

      --
      Nerd rage is the funniest rage.
  2. I'm lost. by grub · · Score: 5, Interesting


    "Public access equals government censorship"

    I've been parsing that for a few minutes and it doesn't make sense. How would open access equate to some sort of closed access?

    --
    Trolling is a art,
    1. Re:I'm lost. by UbuntuDupe · · Score: 1, Insightful

      Probably by the same reasoning that "opposition to government funding of science" equals "opposition to science".

    2. Re:I'm lost. by zCyl · · Score: 4, Insightful
      "Public access equals government censorship"

      I've been parsing that for a few minutes and it doesn't make sense. How would open access equate to some sort of closed access?

      They're trying to insinuate that public access means a thing must be funded by the government, and thus subject to state control. This is a silly false dichotomy of course, but such is the nature of propaganda.
    3. Re:I'm lost. by Metaphorically · · Score: 3, Funny

      Doesn't matter if it makes sense. They just have to say it enough times and someone will rationalize it for them. Happens on blog comment threads and forums every day.

      --
      more of the same on Twitter.
    4. Re:I'm lost. by jfengel · · Score: 1

      It has to do with funding. If you're publishing in a journal which doesn't pay you to publish in it, then you're getting your money from elsewhere, which often means government grants. That means that the government has the ability to clamp down on research that it doesn't like.

      If the government mandates that you have to publish in something like PubMed, and the paid journals end up going out of business (because they can't compete with "free"), then the government ends up with a lot more power of the purse over what research gets done.

      I'm not saying I like his logic. By that logic, the government already has too much to say in most research. But that's what he's talking about.

    5. Re:I'm lost. by spun · · Score: 2, Insightful

      What a silly comparison. In the original, one thing (open access) is compared to its opposite (government censorship), while in your phrasing two similar things ("opposition to government funding of science" and "opposition to science") are compared.

      As the only context in which this minor distinction makes sense is that of stem-cell reseaerch, I'd say it is obvious you are trying to troll people who support stem cell research. There's nothing wrong with a good troll, but your post isn't that good.

      --
      - None can love freedom heartily, but good men; the rest love not freedom, but license. -- John Milton
    6. Re:I'm lost. by honkycat · · Score: 1

      No scientific journals I'm aware of pay you to publish in them. Quite the contrary, authors generally pay to have their articles published.

    7. Re:I'm lost. by drinkypoo · · Score: 2, Insightful
      It has to do with funding. If you're publishing in a journal which doesn't pay you to publish in it, then you're getting your money from elsewhere

      What? Last time I heard, you had to PAY to have your paper included in a journal, the opposite of what you describe.

      Sounds to me more like the AAP is worried that a bunch of the publishers will go out of business in a world in which they have become irrelevant.

      No great loss in my book. You shouldn't have to pay to publish science.

      --
      "You're right," Fisheye says. "I should have set it on 'whip' or 'chop.'"
    8. Re:I'm lost. by nine-times · · Score: 1

      I guess it depends on who is providing "public" access. Often, the word "public" implies that it's run by some sort of government. Like public parks, public transportation. If you are, in fact, relying on the government to disseminate information (or regulate the dissemination of information), then the government is in a position to meddle with what information gets disseminated. Therefore, they are in a position to censor, possibly without giving anyone the ability to complain, since they can censor the complaints as well. It doesn't necessarily work out that way in all cases, but if you put people in a position where they can abuse the system, they usually will get around to exercising that system sooner or later.

      Still, it's not clear to me that they're really worried about government-run outlets of free information, but rather they're just worried about anyone giving information for free that they could charge for instead. While it's true that non-profits could still abuse their position by censoring information that runs contrary to their agenda, it's also true that for-profit businesses are capable of doing the same thing. It seems to me that the most important thing is that we never put any single entity (or group of entities) so much trust that we cease to maintain alternative means of disseminating information.

    9. Re:I'm lost. by UbuntuDupe · · Score: 1

      What a silly comparison. In the original, one thing (open access) is compared to its opposite (government censorship), while in your phrasing two similar things ("opposition to government funding of science" and "opposition to science") are compared.

      True, but still:

      1) Neither makes sense.
      2) My comparison involves things which are *more* similar.

      As the only context in which this minor distinction makes sense is that of stem-cell reseaerch, I'd say it is obvious you are trying to troll people who support stem cell research.

      I'd say it's obvious your perspective is limited.

      What about people who oppose all government grants to researchers on principle? Who think the space program was a sub-optimal use of funds? Why oppose government-run or government-funded schools (which by transition includes science classes)? What about people who merely think science funding shouldn't be increased as much as the other party wants? What about people who think NASA should only do experiments in space that don't require a human there?

      But you are correct in that people who want the government to fund stem cell research characterize the opposition as "anti-science". My point is, that's ridiculous.

    10. Re:I'm lost. by Otter · · Score: 1

      I think the point (to the degree that it even makes sense to demand justification of a phrase given completely out of context) is that if government-funded research is required to be published in open access journals, that effectively destroys any other publishers. So the analogy to stem cell research isn't that bad.

    11. Re:I'm lost. by NoMaster · · Score: 0

      WAR IS PEACE

      FREEDOM IS SLAVERY

      COKE IS IT

      (One questions the utility of /.'s lameness filter, and wonders whether it's high pass or low pass...)

      --
      What part of "a well regulated militia" do you not understand?
    12. Re:I'm lost. by w33t · · Score: 1

      Yea, I felt a bit confused when I read that too. I think it means that public access to materials means that the public can censor the government?...that still doesn't make much sense to me.

      Even if this was the implied message, I fail to see how this would be a bad thing.

    13. Re:I'm lost. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Well, when the opposition is composed of people who would be living in caves and afraid of thunder if they had their way (no progress, religion rules all, lynch the gays, etc.)... I'm comfortable with the label "anti-science".

    14. Re:I'm lost. by Vadim+Grinshpun · · Score: 1

      I'd assume the parallel is to TV: public airwaves are subject to regulations (yes, censorship) that do not apply commercial (cable/satellite) TV.

      Whether the parallel is accurate, I don't know, but it is something to consider.
      (and no, I didn't RTFA yet, so perhaps this is not what they mean).

    15. Re:I'm lost. by TheRaven64 · · Score: 5, Informative

      If you're publishing in a journal which doesn't pay you to publish in it, then you're getting your money from elsewhere, which often means government grants. Are there any peer-reviewed journals that pay authors? I have had things in peer-reviewd journals, and things published in non-academic publications. Anything published in the second category, I have been paid for. Anything published in a peer-reviewed academic journal or conference, however, I have only been paid in reputation for, and in some cases authors are charged for having their work published (sometimes indirectly; conferences will only publish your work in their proceedings if you turn up to present it, and pay the conference fees).
      --
      I am TheRaven on Soylent News
    16. Re:I'm lost. by UbuntuDupe · · Score: 1

      Government wouldn't be able to control all of the journals due to money; with the internet, anyone can start a journal if they can afford the bandwidth. (Getting credibility is another matter...)

      If the government mandates that you have to publish in something like PubMed, and the paid journals end up going out of business (because they can't compete with "free"), then the government ends up with a lot more power of the purse over what research gets done.

      How would that be an imposition? "Okay, I'll put it in my favored journal *and* this public resource."

      I agree that government can have a lot of control due to its choice of what research to fund, but it's pretty limited in terms of manipulating research through journal access.

      (I know, I know, you weren't endorsing that argument, but I wanted to make sure it got addressed regardless, since someone else will.)

    17. Re:I'm lost. by spun · · Score: 1

      Oh. When you put it that way it almost makes sense. :P

      --
      - None can love freedom heartily, but good men; the rest love not freedom, but license. -- John Milton
    18. Re:I'm lost. by ScrewMaster · · Score: 1

      It's a bandpass filter, and it'll pass anything if you're on the bandwagon.

      --
      The higher the technology, the sharper that two-edged sword.
    19. Re:I'm lost. by AJWM · · Score: 1

      two similar things ("opposition to government funding of science" and "opposition to science") are compared.

      You seem confused. How are they similar?

      Many people are opposed to government spending any money, since they take that money (by threat of force -- consider what happens if you don't pay taxes) from the citizenry. Most of those people have no problem with science per se, especially if private individuals (or corporations) are spending their own money (or money freely given to them) to do it. Science has been around a lot longer than government funding of it, and historically has often done better without government strings attached (although this may be more in the technology development arena).

      --
      -- Alastair
    20. Re:I'm lost. by rewt66 · · Score: 1

      Yeah, but good propaganda doesn't leave you going, "Huh?" So this particular propaganda is likely not to fly very well.

    21. Re:I'm lost. by arcmay · · Score: 2, Informative

      The justification for the censorship allegation is contained at the end of TFA:
      Brian Crawford, a senior vice-president at the American Chemical Society and a member of the AAP executive chair, [says]..."When any government or funding agency houses and disseminates for public consumption only the work it itself funds, that constitutes a form of selection and self-promotion of that entity's interests."

      The problem with this argument, of course, is that PubMed is not actively suppressing any materials whatsoever. Other journals can publish whatever they want. The NIH is simply trying to make publicly funded research available to the public.

      This is about keeping control of information in the hands of a powerful publishing group (the AAP) to maximize their profits. The AAP is clearly not interested in advancing the scientific knowledge, much like the RIAA is not interested in the artistic merit of the music they control.

      (Funny thing about the best peer-reviewed journals: The reviewers are not compensated for their reviews. Reviewers are almost exclusively university professors who consider it their obligation to review, because it is necessary to help the advancement of their chosen field. All journal subscription costs go towards production, distribution, and profits for the publisher.)

    22. Re:I'm lost. by superwiz · · Score: 1

      While the connection is tenuous at best, the logic is that SOMEONE always pays. Otherwise, the organization maintaining it can't afford to keep the lights on. So it must be fully paid for by the government in either a direct or indirect form. Whenever the government is the sole client, they have the ability to dictate the terms. This is why Soviet Union never had any Computer Science research. Because in the Soviet Union all research was government sponsored and Chrustchev decided that Computer Science was a "pseudoscience". I guess, to distill the argument, you'd have to say that ragardless of who pays for the research, the direction and validity of the research is either decided by the peer review or by a lay beuracracy. The professional journals are advocating the former while the likes of the Wikipedia advocate the latter.

      --
      Any guest worker system is indistinguishable from indentured servitude.
    23. Re:I'm lost. by UbuntuDupe · · Score: 1

      You threadjacked into a tangential rant about libertarians, in which you call them worse than Scientologists ... and somehow, you got the nerve to call me a troll.

    24. Re:I'm lost. by quixote9 · · Score: 1

      As Rove has taught us, it doesn't have to make sense. Just associate hot-button-BAAAD stuff with whatever you're trying to drag down.

      Since this whole controversy will take place primarily in the academic community--they're the producers and consumers in this case--I'll be curious to see how it plays out. We scientists are quite convinced we're smarter than your average Joe. Will we get hypnotized by this idiotic tactic? Or not? Stay tuned....

    25. Re:I'm lost. by spun · · Score: 1

      Hey, I apologized! And it wasn't a threadjack. If people are going to espouse libertarian ideals, even if not mentioned by name, then I feel obliged to say something about how absolutely illogical, evil, and selfish that philosophy is. I don't want that kind of cancer spreading. Libertarianism, if implemented, would set civilization back by thousands of years

      --
      - None can love freedom heartily, but good men; the rest love not freedom, but license. -- John Milton
    26. Re:I'm lost. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Informative

      In fact, most of the time you have to pay to be published. And god forbid you want color, then you really have to pay out the ass. Even NIH's online Biomed central charges $500 a pop to publish pdf's to the web (unless of course you are a member institution, which I am sure any research university worth a damn is).

      The scientific publishing industry is almost like a cartel, and just like the entertainment industry they are flailing wildly to try and keep a dying business model alive with FUD. My PI has decided that unless we have something worthy of a really high impact journal (because when you can, it really helps to get published by a journal with a high impact rating) that we are only going to publish to open access journals. My first publication came out last May in a Biomed central publication, and has already been downloaded over a 1000 times (which is huge for me considering how incredibly specialized and long and boring the article really was).

    27. Re:I'm lost. by be-fan · · Score: 4, Informative

      Seriously. How often do you encounter people in science who oppose the government being in science? It's exceedingly rare, for the simple reason that scientists realize that science is expensive and risky, and private industry often can't stomach it. There are even economic theories that show why government spending in research is necessary, based on the concept of "public goods", which benefit everyone but which are hard to get specific payment for.

      --
      A deep unwavering belief is a sure sign you're missing something...
    28. Re:I'm lost. by Nutria · · Score: 1
      Libertarianism is based on a falsehood.

      Whew, thank $DEITY that I'm not the only one who thinks that libertarianism is fraudulent.

      --
      "I don't know, therefore Aliens" Wafflebox1
    29. Re:I'm lost. by ClassMyAss · · Score: 1
      I'm not going to get into most of this; I think you're kind of caricaturing what Libertarians believe, but not being one (I believe that some programs must be imposed by the government because the magical "market" is really bad at doing things that have no short term profit potential - that's not to say that it actually does these things in our world, of course) I'm not the person to correct you. However, I couldn't resist this:
      It is based on another falsehood: that every individual is an island unto themselves, and that barring some kind of court challenge, nothing anyone does can be said to impact anyone else. The fact is, everything you do impacts everything else. Therefore, any decision or action you take is the concern of every other human being on the planet. You have a responsibility to the rest of humanity, because we all need to live together and cooperate to make society work.
      This tells me that you don't have a clue what you're talking about. Libertarianism doesn't for one freaking second claim that nothing I do affects you. All it claims is that if what I do doesn't affect you (or anyone), then you have no right to force me to stop doing it. Perhaps something must also be added: that your mere knowledge that I am doing something does not count as me affecting you for the purposes of your right to make me stop - it is these kinds of issues that the Libertarians tend to be appalled by today, where some highly moral group wants to stop immoral (by their standards) actions that they neither see nor are hurt by in any way other than an abstract one. Which is to say that Joe's freedom of action is always to be preferred over Bob's freedom to constrain Joe's actions. Freedom over meta-freedom, if you prefer.

      But if I actually hurt you in some way, no Libertarian is going to suggest that I shouldn't be punished. My responsibility to society is to keep from doing bad things to others, and that's where it ends. Everything I do most emphatically is not the concern of every other human being; I'm somewhat amazed you would even claim that, except in the vaguest philosophical sense. Society has absolutely no right to regulate what does not concern it - to me, this does not seem selfish at all, and certainly not anarchistic or intellectually dishonest.

      And yes, I know the parent was just an anti-Slashdot troll...I don't know why I bother...
    30. Re:I'm lost. by Evil+Pete · · Score: 1

      Um yeah. Is the next phrase: "Burn the libraries!" ? Cos you know they are just tools of the guvmint.

      --
      Bitter and proud of it.
    31. Re:I'm lost. by spun · · Score: 1

      Hey, I'm only a part time troll. I really, really try to control my outbursts, honest! But sometimes you just have to throw caution to the wind and let fly with a good rant. And sometimes, I've responded to what I thought was a troll only to be surprised to find that person quite intelligent and well spoken, if a bit opinionated...

      The thing about libertarian justice is, by eschewing regulation, it is entirely reactive. By being entirely market driven, it only provides justice to those who can afford it.

      I think everything everyone does potentially impacts others, and therefore we have an obligation to society to minimize or at least consider the impacts that we have that take away other's choices. Certainly, society has no right to regulate what does not concern it, but who decides? The impacts of your actions will still be reverberating through the human social world long after you are gone.

      The way I see it, no one can be truly free unless they have a strong society that is commited to freedom backing them up. Conversely, only free individuals can create a strong society. There is a complex system of feedback operating between individuals that are created by society and the societies that individuals create.

      The main problem I was alluding to was the problem of libertarians' strict ideas about property rights. I made my objection perfectly clear: no one has a right to take natural resources away from others. Before you labor on something, it is not yours. In order to labor on land, you must claim it as yours. Therefore, the libertarian theory of property is based on a logical contradiction.

      Finally, most talk of rights boils down to an appeal to authority. You say society has no right to regulate what doesn't concern it, but what you need to do is construct an argument that appeals to the individual, showing them why they should not support a system that regulates what does not concern it. You must further go on to convince said individual that your ideas about what does not concern society are ideas that he should adopt, for pragmatic reasons. Otherwise your appeal to rights carries no more weight than a crazy person's statement that God told them to murder you.

      --
      - None can love freedom heartily, but good men; the rest love not freedom, but license. -- John Milton
    32. Re:I'm lost. by neomunk · · Score: 1

      *applauds and wipes a single tear from his eye*

      That was beautiful. Horrid yet banal, wow.

      Seriously, one of my favorite slashdot rants.

    33. Re:I'm lost. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      No they won't pay you. No, they don't pay the peer reviewers, either (I am one). Yes, they may charge you a "page fee" for publishing. Yes, you have to pay an exhorbitant subscription fee or society dues to get the publication. Yes, they insist on taking ownership of your copyrighht (not just a publication right, and not for a limited time, they take all of it).

      Why can the get away with it? Because they have a near-monopoly (the various journals and societies divide up the "turf", much like La Cosa Nostra). Because the publish-or-perish academic environment ensures a steady stream of revenue on terms unfavorable to the author. Because they have the imbalance of negotiating power a new band has with the record companies, or an aspiring actor has with the studios. Because "that's the way it's always been" and the publishers damn well want to keep it that way! The last thing they want is fair competition.

    34. Re:I'm lost. by inKubus · · Score: 1

      Yeah, the AAP is basically an association of the shareholders of the publishers. Guess what, your business model is based on selling something no one wants. No one fucking cared when my asbestos company went out of business, why the fuck should I care about you?

      --
      Cool! Amazing Toys.
    35. Re:I'm lost. by kripkenstein · · Score: 1

      The scientific publishing industry is almost like a cartel, and just like the entertainment industry they are flailing wildly to try and keep a dying business model alive with FUD.

      Exactly right. Slashdot readers are probably most familiar with the RIAA/MPAA and issues regarding them, as well as FOSS vs. proprietary software, but the same sort of thing is going on in other areas as well. Basically it can be summarized just as you said: dying business models trying to stay alive by unethical practices.

      In scientific publishing, the old business model is giving way - slowly - to open-access journals. Also important in this topic are projects like arXiv, PubMed, CiteSeer, etc. which are also on the forefront of opening up access to scientific research.
    36. Re:I'm lost. by Schraegstrichpunkt · · Score: 1

      Whew, thank that I'm not the only one who thinks that libertarianism is fraudulent.

      That's not grammatically correct.

    37. Re:I'm lost. by Schraegstrichpunkt · · Score: 1

      How would open access equate to some sort of closed access?

      It doesn't. Actually, it's the opposite: Open access means that when there's a public debate about science (global climate change, evolution, etc.), ordinary people can actually access the scientific papers, rather than relying on third parties to tell them what the science says.

    38. Re:I'm lost. by Eivind+Eklund · · Score: 1
      I suspect the idea is that "If information (paper) is only available to scientists, the government won't bother to censor it, as it doesn't affect politics directly. If the information (paper) is publicly available, it will affect politics, and the government will censor it.

      I don't think that will fly with scientists - if they buy it, the scientists in question seems likely to become rabidly political and want to stop this travesty, either through technical or through political means. If they don't buy it, they'll just trust the journals less - and I find this most likely.

      Eivind.

      --
      Doubting the existence of evolution is like doubting the existence of China: It just shows that you're uninformed.
    39. Re:I'm lost. by Gorshkov · · Score: 1

      I think the point (to the degree that it even makes sense to demand justification of a phrase given completely out of context) is that if government-funded research is required to be published in open access journals, that effectively destroys any other publishers.


      Simple question. If research has been funded by the government, then the people have already, by definition, paid for it.

      So please tell me in terms I can understand why publishers should be able to make you pay again for something you've already paid for?

      The publishers have no right to exist in the future just because they exist now, and have in the past. In the past, they were required - it took skill, expertise and a shit load of money to lay something out, print it, and distribute it - and they served a very useful function, and absolutely deserved to make money for what they did.

      But that need no longer exists - any more than society today has much of a need for sword makers, carters, or wheelers.

      Those professions/trades went by the way side when society no longer needed them. What is wrong with the same thing happening to the journal publishers, if a more efficient, cheaper publishing & distribution method exists?
    40. Re:I'm lost. by 19061969 · · Score: 1

      Some publications might pay: although they stopped doing it last year, I've been paid by the British Medical Journal for a review (about £50.00 so it wasn't for the money - a surprising amount of time needs to be dedicated to a good review). Having said that, it's the only time I've ever come across the arrangement.

      --
      bang goes my karma... again...
    41. Re:I'm lost. by Shaper_pmp · · Score: 1

      See, you're parsing it - that's the problem.

      The PR company's position doesn't have to make sense - all they have to do is decide on an equation, then start a campaign to ram it down people's throats. People hear far more in a day than they can possibly think about, disassemble and critically examine. If you tell people things for long enough, eventually they'll assume it must be right and will start to believe it even though they never subjected it to critical thought.

      For example, it came be proven that by any sane definition of the terms, "movie piracy == theft" is complete horseshit. However, that doesn't mean a lot of people and organisations don't believe it, and it doesn't mean that the grossly-excessive punishments for copyright infringement in criminal and civil cases aren't informed by the opinion.

      The only way to guard against these kind of bullshit memes is by critically evaluating them and realising they lack even internal consistency - then you're immune to them. However, rational critical evaluation is work, and it's a lot of work for some people, so most people just don't bother.

      --
      Everything in moderation, including moderation itself
    42. Re:I'm lost. by Nutria · · Score: 1

      Whew, thank that I'm not the only one who thinks that libertarianism is fraudulent.

      That's not grammatically correct.


      Open this link in a new window, look really carefully at the image, and then file a bug against your web browser.

      http://members.cox.net/ron.l.johnson/Dropped_word. png

      --
      "I don't know, therefore Aliens" Wafflebox1
    43. Re:I'm lost. by Schraegstrichpunkt · · Score: 1

      whoosh

    44. Re:I'm lost. by Nutria · · Score: 1

      whoosh

      I guess so.

      --
      "I don't know, therefore Aliens" Wafflebox1
  3. Can anyone point out by s20451 · · Score: 4, Insightful

    an example of a prestigious journal published by a for-profit company? My impression is that for-profit journals only exist for the purpose of giving second-tier researchers a place to publish garbage. (All the prestigious journals in my field are published by the non-profit IEEE.)

    --
    Toronto-area transit rider? Rate your ride.
    1. Re:Can anyone point out by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Nature?

    2. Re:Can anyone point out by Otter · · Score: 1
      Umm, Nature?

      Anyway, the issue here isn`t* for-profit versus non-profit, it`s whether open access is economically sustainable for either of them.

      * Any idea why Firefox has suddenly decided that the single-quote key should take me to search instead of typing the character?

    3. Re:Can anyone point out by Jeff+DeMaagd · · Score: 1

      Non-profits have to get money from somewhere to continue operating. If they don't get that money, then they will cease to operate after a while.

    4. Re:Can anyone point out by NorbrookC · · Score: 4, Insightful

      an example of a prestigious journal published by a for-profit company?

      Well, you might start here for a start on one publisher. Quite a number of them are the "prestige" journals in their field, and are in those cases at least, stringently peer-reviewed.

      What you not know is that these articles are subject to a publication fee. So, it's actually a multi-profit system for them. They get money from the researchers, and they get money from subscriptions.

      What this is, is simply a new variation on the theme we've been through with RIAA, MPAA, and others. "OMG!!! Our profits are in danger from this Internet thing! We must DO something!" From a researcher's standpoint, it actually is a better thing if they don't have to deal with the for-profit publishers. They get their work out to the community, and they don't have to pay "reprint charges," etc. It works for other researchers and libraries, since they're not shelling out several hundred dollars each for subscriptions, and the works are easily searchable. So, of course the publishers are panicking! Their gravy train is threatened! It's FUD time!

    5. Re:Can anyone point out by Cyberax · · Score: 2, Informative

      Non-profit doesn't mean it's FREE. It means that the publishing company can't get profit from selling journals.

    6. Re:Can anyone point out by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Isn't Nature for profit? A quick glance doesn't seem to say "Hey, we're non-profit!" It's owned by Macmillan (publisher of textbooks and lots of other stuff).
      http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nature_(journal)

    7. Re:Can anyone point out by PFI_Optix · · Score: 1

      * Any idea why Firefox has suddenly decided that the single-quote key should take me to search instead of typing the character?

      Google the Firefox apostrophe bug. You must be using an older version of Firefox, I haven't had that happen to me in at least half a year.

      Also, it seemed to happen to me more with two FF windows open.

      --
      120 characters for a sig? That's bloody useless.
    8. Re:Can anyone point out by mpapet · · Score: 1

      You are forgetting the role of propaganda in influencing opinion and perceptions.

      Nevermind science! Say it enough times and make sure people can hear it and it will at the bare minimum exert influence on the debate. The propaganda keeps the facts in check for as long as possible. Americans rush to invade Iraq by actually weighing the dis-jointed propaganda that was spoonfed to them is living proof of this.

      Free is a very serious issue for text book companies too. In both cases, there is so much money to be made that muddying the debate you look like a fool actually advocating the old-fashioned scientific ideal. Colleges that do research long ago quit pursuing the ideal in exchange for fancy equipment they feed companies of all stripes science to do with as they please.

      --
      http://www.maxineudall.com/2010/02/should-economists-be-sued-for-malpractice.html
    9. Re:Can anyone point out by TuringTest · · Score: 2, Informative

      Any idea why Firefox has suddenly decided that the single-quote key should take me to search instead of typing the character?

      I often have the same bug, only much worse - it happens with all keys. To fix it you can go to advanced options and disable "search for text when I start typing".

      --
      Singularity: a belief in the "God" idea with the "demiurge" relation inverted.
    10. Re:Can anyone point out by Otter · · Score: 1
      Google the Firefox apostrophe bug.

      Thanks!!! Clearing the cache fixed it. ''''!

    11. Re:Can anyone point out by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Very true. It's not uncommon for a non-profit scientific publisher to be associated with a foundation, which then gets any profits that would be made. The foundation then can decide whether it pumps that money back into the journal, sets up grants, uses it for a PAC, etc etc etc.

    12. Re:Can anyone point out by bzipitidoo · · Score: 4, Interesting

      The whole of scientific publishing is a big racket. If you stay away from dead trees, publishing a journal is shockingly inexpensive. Peer review is customarily done for free. When journals are printed up, they are sold at prices that almost guarantee a fat profit for the printer and publisher. If ever you pony up $10 or whatever ludicrous price a publisher asks for some 10 page journal article, know that the authors get precisely 0% of that money. As if that isn't bad enough, organizers hold a conference somewhere like at a ski resort which gives them a cut rate but socks it to the attendees, among whom are pretty much all the authors whose work was accepted. The attendees can almost always pass those costs on their patrons, but for those who don't have such support....

      Authors get very little. All the authors get directly is bragging rights. The indirect compensation, only given out to "the best", is of course the tenured university teaching and research position, which is also the gateway to grant money. Sucks for researchers who haven't managed to get into that system. Also sucks for those researchers whom their patron (usually the government) cuts, especially when it's not for good reasons like their research is of poor quality but for political reasons. Someone even suggested that authors should _pay_ to have their work published! Well, scientists who aren't backed by a patron do have to pay. The RIAA cries about starving artists, but starving scientists, especially if their work is not what grant givers want to hear or believe, get treatment as bad or worse as the worst ever dished out to artists.

      --
      Intellectual Property is a monopolistic, selfish, and defective concept. It is "tyranny over the mind of man"
    13. Re:Can anyone point out by DingerX · · Score: 1

      Dunno about you guys, but in the humanities tons of prestigious journals are published by for-profit companies. Why? 'cos most of us in the "non-lucrative sciences" can't afford to set up our own journals, and someone has to manage the risk of publishing a journal where a circulation of 400 is the break-even point. When I go to my professional society's meetings, and they discussion the total assets of the society, it's on the order of 1.5*10E5. And yeah, by the way I formulated that, you know that I'm in the humanities.

    14. Re:Can anyone point out by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      >an example of a prestigious journal published by a for-profit company?

      http://www.nature.com/nature

    15. Re:Can anyone point out by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      IEEE may be a non-profit, but don't necessarily view them as some benevolent association. Two of the more popular IEEE conferences that I attend draw more than 1000 people per conference, at an average fee of $500 per person (my estimate is conservative), I'll let you do the math. Don't tell me that it costs $500k to organize the conference (reviewers and organizers go unpaid) or publish the proceedings (they are published on DVD). Additionally, people who wish to view the proceedings must wish to pay a fee as well, which is annoying as hell when the only copy available on the net is through IEEExplore...

    16. Re:Can anyone point out by FleaPlus · · Score: 1

      Umm, Nature?

      Yeah... I actually thought it was kind of funny that the parent article we're all discussing right now is from Nature.

    17. Re:Can anyone point out by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I know of several for-profit peer-reviewed journal publishers (Sage, Lawrence Erlbaum, Blackwell, etc.), but they are usually hired by a non-profit academic society that controls the actual content.

    18. Re:Can anyone point out by anagama · · Score: 1

      Print on demand?

      First you need a bunch of smart people to do the peer review. But if this typically done free as another poster mentioned, then no cost there. Then you need to get it to the people.

      Maybe I'm naive, but gone are the days when printing a book required a few thousand bucks to order a bunch of copies (journal should be cheaper than books). There are on demand prinitng companies in fact, which take the order from end customers, print the book, keep the printing costs, and send you whatever profit you decided to make (figure cost of book + profit = price to consumer, you could choose "no profit" and then the consumer just pays the media cost). You don't have to set up a payment system or anything, that is provided by the printer. You just produce the material, make a PDF, and you're off. One such place is http://lulu.com/.

      Anyway, such a system means that if you only have 100 subscribers, you won't have 300 unused copies molding in the garage for the next 20 years, but the few people who are interested in the info, can have a portable reliable dead-tree copy with a nice cover and real binding for archival/reference purposes.

      --
      What changed under Obama? Nothing Good
    19. Re:Can anyone point out by istartedi · · Score: 1

      There is, from a certain point of view, no such thing as a "non profit". Those who work for the IEEE collectively profit from it, in the form of salaries. The corporation, which is a fictitious person, doesn't profit; but that's just legality. The real people, who really matter, profit.

      Now that that's out of the way, as others have pointed out, there are prestigious journals in and outside of the "non-profit" realm.

      The issue here is that these journals feel threatened by new organizations who may duplicate their work. Ultimately, this should be a question of whether or not the traditional journals provide real value. If it's not possible to provide reliable peer review without a formal organization that includes plush offices and frequently traveling exectutives (along with the high subscription fees to support all that) then the traditionals should win. If, on the other hand, peer review of equal value can be provided by professors submitting PDFs to an online forum in a more refined version of Slashdot (presumeably with proof of academic credentials required for membership) then the traditionals should lose.

      Trouble is, when you've got an executive postion and a plush office at some organization, or even a decent job, you're going to defend it. It's hard not to see the journal publishers as dinosaurs defending their territory. Part of the shame is that they might not have to do that. I must say though, Wikipedia has pretty much killed my desire to ever lug 4 shelf-feet of books into my next apartment. The realm of scientific journals might be different... or it might not be different.

      --
      For all intensive purposes, "whom" is no longer a word. That begs the question, "who cares"?
    20. Re:Can anyone point out by backwardMechanic · · Score: 1

      'cos nobody could ever call the IEEE a bunch of money grabbing bast...

      Access to their electronic journals (back issues) certainly turns a profit. As a fully paid up member, I was given access to...zero journals. I left that subscription to lapse.

    21. Re:Can anyone point out by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You seem to be making the claim that the IEEE is a 'good' publisher.
      Any publisher that asks you to sign over the copyright for your manuscript (i.e. you can't put it on your website or other free accessible storage server like arxiv.org) is bad for academia, bad for learning. bad for free expression and bad for society.
      No one should have to pay for access to these papers. You shouldn't have to be part of a university or other large institution to learn about new math or algorithms or to keep abreast of your field. Anyone who publishes wants their results widely accessible, they have no reason to limit access *at all*.

      What does the IEEE use all the money they collect for? Editors don't get paid. Reviewers don't get paid. Authors don't get paid. Papers must be submitted so that they are ready to publish immediately.
      Maintaining their repository and website is inexpensive.
      Where does all that money go? A few people are really making a killing, taking advantage of everyone elses naivety.

    22. Re:Can anyone point out by ObsessiveMathsFreak · · Score: 1
      If ever you pony up $10 or whatever ludicrous price a publisher asks for some 10 page journal article, know that the authors get precisely 0% of that money.
      It's typically around $30 per article. A PDF copy, downloaded, and you are obliged not to give copies to anyone else and limit the number of paper copies you own.

      The price of academic articles ranges from between $20 and $50. Some of them aren't very good. ... Who am I kidding? Most of them aren't very good. Most are pretty bad to be honest. Every time you pay, you're rolling a dice on whether the author has actually bothered to communicate their ideas or whether they just wanted another notch on their papers published quota. As a result, you often feel pretty sore when you pay $35 for a flop.

      Authors don't get paid. Reviewers don't get paid. Editors, sometimes get paid. Authors do all the typesetting, spellchecking and formatting themselves. They draw their own diagrams, format everythign in latex and all the printer has to do is... actually, their usually just given "camera" dvi version of the file or something.

      Publishers are not needed. They were needed, once upon a time, but not anymore. If they really wanted to survive, they'd perhaps try and improve the pretty mediocre standard of peer review, but I doubt the management of most publishers even know what fields their journals are in, let alone what consitutes a good paper. They are truely dinosaurs, but will probably go on walking the earth for quite some time as academics are about as revolutionary as Bourbons whos names begin with L.
      --
      May the Maths Be with you!
    23. Re:Can anyone point out by robotninja · · Score: 1

      Authors don't get paid. Reviewers don't get paid. Editors, sometimes get paid. Authors do all the typesetting, spellchecking and formatting themselves. They draw their own diagrams, format everythign in latex and all the printer has to do is... actually, their usually just given "camera" dvi version of the file or something. This is not quite true - it depends heavily on the particular journal, and the particular author. I've run a fairly decent-quality online journal for the past few years, and I can attest that the copyediting, typesetting and formatting aspect of publishing is the most onerous and time-consuming. While you may properly format everything according to the instructions for authors (in which case, I applaud and thank you), the vast majority of authors in my experience are far more concerned about simply seeing their article on the "recently published" page than spending any time spell-checking it.

      The fact is, there is a great range in submission quality (in both content and layout), and for a fairly advanced journal that generates XHTML and PDF versions of articles from a standardized XML format (the one Pubmed Central uses), this can take on average 2-4h of copyediting and layout work per article. Even at $10 an hour (pretty low for a professional editor), that's where the cost of publication primarily is.

      I work developing a number of open-source tools (eg. Open Journal Systems), as well as using OpenOffice.org, etc. and we are slowly decreasing the cost of publishing, but even for a non-profit, Open Access journal, $30 per article is extremely cheap for publication costs. Who this cost should be borne by, of course, is a matter of heavy debate.

      Publishers are not needed. They were needed, once upon a time, but not anymore. If they really wanted to survive, they'd perhaps try and improve the pretty mediocre standard of peer review, but I doubt the management of most publishers even know what fields their journals are in, let alone what consitutes a good paper. They are truely dinosaurs, but will probably go on walking the earth for quite some time as academics are about as revolutionary as Bourbons whos names begin with L. I couldn't agree more, and unfortunately, as a publisher (of sorts), it's a very sad statement. Journal editors, peer reviewers, copy/layout editors are all still needed to produce journals of reasonable quality (in both content and appearance), but two things need to happen to change this, in my opinion:

      1) Authors need to take more responsbility and involvement in the publication process (like you seem to do).
      and
      2) Journals need to clearly show their value to authors for doing so when submitting to them.

      The current state of Open Access is a bit of a stalemate - (most) authors are reticent to change, and (most) journals are afraid to deviate from the status quo out of fear that they will lose submissions. It's already been reasonably established that Open Access increases citation impact, unfortunately this doesn't seem to be enough motivation for authors yet. Unless this changes from both sides, the well-funded publishers will continue to spread their propaganda, and maintain their share of the market.
    24. Re:Can anyone point out by Jester99 · · Score: 1

      Nature's been mentioned plenty of times; Science and Cell are two other very well-regarded journals. I'm under the impression that the Springer-Verlager engineering and math series' are reasonably well thought of. Ideally you'd be published in an IEEE conference or whatever, but plenty of people write articles for those texts.

    25. Re:Can anyone point out by tbo · · Score: 1

      This is not quite true - it depends heavily on the particular journal, and the particular author. I've run a fairly decent-quality online journal [jmir.org] for the past few years, and I can attest that the copyediting, typesetting and formatting aspect of publishing is the most onerous and time-consuming.

      These things improve the reading experience, and I appreciate them, but I don't think they're truly necessary. The arXiv does just fine with an almost fully-automated system. Aside from the occasional obvious crackpot, the scientific quality is comparable to the second-tier physics journals (I'm thinking of the Elsevier journals like Physics Letters).

      Right now, the arXiv's goal is not to replace journals, but to be as fast and as efficient as possible at hosting preprints. If they set out to replace journals outright, and added a slighly more sophisticated review system and automated validation of input, they could do what most journals do with about 90% of the quality for about 10% of the cost. The remaining 10% could probably come from advertising, donations, government grants, or some combination thereof. Alternatively, you could sell "2-week advance notice subscriptions" for cheap, and make access free to anything over two weeks old.

      The fact is, there is a great range in submission quality (in both content and layout), and for a fairly advanced journal that generates XHTML and PDF versions of articles from a standardized XML format (the one Pubmed Central uses), this can take on average 2-4h of copyediting and layout work per article.

      I don't know too much about XML journal article formats, and would appreciate more info. PubMed's explanation didn't really help much. Why bother with XML? Why not just require authors to submit in LaTeX? Then you've got PDFs or DVIs or whatever "camera-ready" output you want with no further human interaction. If you combine it with a package like RevTex 4, you get standardized appearance and easy harvesting of meta-data. LaTeX predates XML and SGML (if you count SGML's age from when it was formalized as a standard). Why re-invent the wheel for publishing? My best guess so far is to accomodate authors who can't be bothered to learn LaTeX and insist on submitting Word docs, but that's about all I can think of. Why not just tell the Word users to suck it up and learn LaTeX?

    26. Re:Can anyone point out by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      s20451, while it's great and all that you perceive the IEEE as non-profit would you care to explain why their library is so restricted? They demand some $50 so that they may grace you with the work of their paying members. Now, actually, if that were the case, I would be ecstatic. But being limited to 25 documents a month, regardless of size, leaves me rather aggravated. ACM offers unlimited access, at least at the institutional level, why doesn't the IEEE?

      Don't tell me they can't, I'll say right now it doesn't cost fifty dollars to buy enough bandwidth and data storage for the IEEE library per subscription. So, I really do wonder how the IEEE is getting rid of its profits so as to remain "non-profit"?

    27. Re:Can anyone point out by andrewirwin · · Score: 1
    28. Re:Can anyone point out by BenFranske · · Score: 1

      I'm not as familiar with the scientific fields, but in many of the other fields such as humanities and social science a great number of journals are published by for profit publishers, see here for examples.

    29. Re:Can anyone point out by robotninja · · Score: 1

      These things improve the reading experience, and I appreciate them, but I don't think they're truly necessary. The arXiv does just fine with an almost fully-automated system.

      I think the arXiv project has been highly successful, and is a great example of what instituional repositories should look like. But like it or not, there is still a market and expectation among many academics for glossy-looking journals. They explicitly want the things that improve the reading experience - in particular, they want to be able to print good-looking paper (ie. PDF) versions of papers, and are willing to pay extra for that. Maybe things will develop where the journal as medium becomes extinct, but not ay time soon.

      Right now, the arXiv's goal is not to replace journals, but to be as fast and as efficient as possible at hosting preprints. If they set out to replace journals outright, and added a slighly more sophisticated review system and automated validation of input, they could do what most journals do with about 90% of the quality for about 10% of the cost.

      What you're describing is exactly what OJS does: sophisticated review/workflow system with a little automated validation. It provides about 90% of the quality of the journals you're describing with almost zero cost. It has been wildly successful, especially in the developing world, where starting and hosting a journal is expensive. If we're going to really break it down, how would this review/validated arXiv system you describe differ from a journal? Not much, it seems.

      I don't know too much about XML journal article formats, and would appreciate more info. PubMed's explanation didn't really help much. Why bother with XML? Why not just require authors to submit in LaTeX? ... Why re-invent the wheel for publishing? My best guess so far is to accomodate authors who can't be bothered to learn LaTeX and insist on submitting Word docs, but that's about all I can think of. Why not just tell the Word users to suck it up and learn LaTeX?

      Authors submit to specific journals for two main reasons: exposure and prestige. Whether this is a flawed system or not (I think it is), the fact is that, if you're a large successful journal, you can force authors to submit in whatever format you want - but then of course, you probably don't have money/cost problems. Smaller journals trying to survive or start-up journals don't have the luxury of telling authors to "suck it up". The authors will simply submit to another journal of the same class that's more lenient about their submission requirements.

      Like I said, whily you may be comfortable with LaTeX and willing to take on much of the layout, etc. the vast majority of authors are not - whether through being too lazy, too busy, or simply not technically-inclined enough. Bear in mind that there are plenty of social science researchers out there who have a hard enough time with Word, much less LaTeX. If you make submission too difficult, authors will go elsewhere.

      XML - and in particular the NLM format (by far the most comprehensive, in my experience), is a format that lends itself much better to multi-layout transformations than LaTeX. It also has the advantage that it can be fairly easily generated from source files, such as .DOC, via things like OpenOffice and XHTML. There is still some manual work required, but I've spent the past 3 years working on automated ways to convert articles in formats authors are comfortable with (like .DOC, but some even use .RTF or weirder) into XML. It's doable, and we're getting much closer.

      The simple fact is, journals still take work, and work costs money. The Internet (and in particular, the Web) has brought an alternative for academics to expose their research other than journals (eg. IR like arXiv), but the journal paradigm still exists, and for the most part, it is the main venue for academic publicat

  4. Shocking! by eviloverlordx · · Score: 3, Insightful
    The publishers are worried that the free exchange of scientific information may be bad for the bottom line, as it might cause the money from subscriptions to their journals to dry up.


    There is already 'free exchange' of scientific information. The publishers already contribute to it. What they're really worried about is that people will publish in other media, especially where they don't have to pay (or not as much). They're just looking out for themselves. Publishers have to pay the bills and put their kids through college, too.
    --
    'Loose' is when your pants are three sizes too big. 'Lose' is when you misuse 'loose'.
    1. Re:Shocking! by s20451 · · Score: 1

      They're just looking out for themselves.

      Although that is true, I'm not convinced that "free" publishing entities such as PLoS have demonstrated that they are archivable, which is a much bigger issue that free exchange of information (which we already have -- I can go to my local university library and read as much as I want).

      A paper published today in a journal should continue to be available for as long as possible in the future, or the notion of a "journal" is meaningless. If nobody is paying the bills, it means that nobody is making money off of back issues, and so there is less incentive to store them.

      I'm not saying PLoS is incapable of archiving -- I'm saying that one has reason to be skeptical.

      --
      Toronto-area transit rider? Rate your ride.
    2. Re:Shocking! by joto · · Score: 1

      What they're really worried about is that people will publish in other media, especially where they don't have to pay (or not as much).

      AFAIK, you don't have to pay to publish in nature. You have to pay to get yourself a number of nature (and every university library in the world does just that).

      That being said, the publishers of nature has had tremendous power. As one of the most well-known and established scientific journals in the world, they have been able to more or less define what passes as good mainstream science (will get published by nature), and what passes as fringe theories (will not get published by nature). Now that that power is dwindling, it's no wonder they try desperately to cling to it....

    3. Re:Shocking! by eviloverlordx · · Score: 2, Interesting

      AFAIK, you don't have to pay to publish in nature. You have to pay to get yourself a number of nature (and every university library in the world does just that).

      Scientific journal subscriptions tend to follow two paths. One, getting a subscription tends to cost a lot of money, but they're cheap to publish in. The other is the reverse: cheap to get a subscription, but it costs quite a bit to publish in. A subset of the second group (like Nature, and Science) also use ads to defray the costs. Which is why if you pick up a copy of Nature or Science, a large percentage of the pages are ads for equipment and chemicals.

      --
      'Loose' is when your pants are three sizes too big. 'Lose' is when you misuse 'loose'.
    4. Re:Shocking! by AuMatar · · Score: 1

      Given the web, and the cheap as dirt nature of disk space, archiving is absolutely no trouble. I'd be far, far more worried about that in print magazines, where copies can get lost and a publisher can go under.

      --
      I still have more fans than freaks. WTF is wrong with you people?
    5. Re:Shocking! by ControlFreal · · Score: 1

      What they're really worried about is that people will publish in other media, especially where they don't have to pay (or not as much).

      Aside from the fact that most journals don't charge you to publish, but do charge you to buy/download articles, the reason is control.

      Look at their current situation: The researchers around the world do the writing for them, and send the articles to them (simple web form), they dole out the articles for peer review by researchers around the world (three clicks in a database), repeat this process twice, and then run LaTeX (prop. version) to generate their issue. This is then sold (PDF, 35 fricking dollars for an article, simple web form, sometimes paper). They still charge the same amounts of money for an article, even though the amount of work they need to do has become very much smaller in the last decade or so. And now for the whopper: governments base their funding to universities largely on the amount of articles (quality is not an issue: it's counting * impact factor) published in these established journals, thus making sure that universities will prefer publishing in the establishment's journals to publishing in the many current e-journals. They have a pretty good deal going there! And oh yeah: If you want to publish, you transfer your copyright to them. What a bloody joke.

      Now, as more e-journals pop up, and more free exchange of information takes place, it becomes apparent what these guys are really afraid of: they are afraid to lose control. They are afraid that the scientific community (especially the not-so-well funded universities) will not buy their journals anymore, but rely on the cheaper or free alternatives. What this will do, is increase the impact factor of the free and cheap alternatives, thereby making these journals more attractive for publishing to the scientific community. Once that happens, their bubble collapses. That's what they are afraid of.

      Now, something about the so-called honest peer-review. Don't get me started: the editors will choose their friends (professors usually) to do the reviewing. These in turn will burden their Ph.D. students with it, but not without first giving said Ph.D. student specific instructions as to what the outcome of the review should be. This outcome is mostly based on political issues, and hardly on quality (prof. hasn't read the article, so how could it be). So, open your eyes: your papers are getting reviewed by students, who don't get any initiative in the review outcome, and based on political issues. That's what the established journals do for you.

      A completely different matter is that articles can be found with any search engine: usually researchers put there published articles on their website, even though they are forced to sign a copyright transfer. If that fails, there's always Tor and friends to get to articles.

      --
      Support a Europe-related section on Slashdot!
    6. Re:Shocking! by eMbry00s · · Score: 1
      While I agree that this is the natural thing for them to do -
      They're just looking out for themselves. Publishers have to pay the bills and put their kids through college, too.
      I think maybe they should pay their bills with money earned from something that isn't morally corrupt.
    7. Re:Shocking! by Kandenshi · · Score: 1

      While I can certainly believe that pressure is brought to bear on a whole host of articles for political reasons(global warming anyone?), I don't think that's the case in all of the articles *I* read on a weekly basis. Noone in The High Halls of Power really cares of an article gets published in Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes. Might be though!

      I like to live in the land of unicorns and fairies where I believe that most of the articles in there are accepted for genuinely good reasons, related to their scientific value. It's a happy land, lots of rainbows and OMGPONIES...

    8. Re:Shocking! by ShieldW0lf · · Score: 1

      Perhaps an inititive to have these things publicly funded would be good.

      Make it part of the mandate that the entire catalogue would have to be packaged for use in offline format and distributed in that fashion to the various libraries of the land, and that those copies must be no more than X period of time old if funding is to continue.

      This way, even if the project later fails or funding is dropped, the value is retained and the venture was worthwhile.

      --
      -1 Uncomfortable Truth
    9. Re:Shocking! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Color images are the other way of getting money. Journals like PNAS or nature will charge ~$1000 USD to have a color picture in your paper

      (AC because I'm modding)

  5. So work with it rather than fight it... by PFI_Optix · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Subscription-funded scientific journals will simply have to find alternatives to exclusivity of information.

    A funded journal would still be the best way to get the relevant information all in one place; the problem with free information is that it can be difficult to sort through for specific information. Take all the information that is freely available, pick out the best of it, do some research of your own, and publish a work that goes above and beyond the free information.

    That's what thousands of news organizations and non-science journals do every day.

    --
    120 characters for a sig? That's bloody useless.
    1. Re:So work with it rather than fight it... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      It shouldn't be surprising that subscription-funded scientific journals contain vast amounts of crap among the roses. In a publish-or-perish world, the standards drop quickly.

      If you have trouble finding RELEVANT information, I suggest you refine your search techniques instead of requiring the rest of us to support you inadequacies.

    2. Re:So work with it rather than fight it... by Bastian · · Score: 1

      Or maybe they should figure out that they'd find more customers if they would sell to the rabble.

      I'd gladly re-join the ACM (I let my membership lapse after I graduated from college) if they offered an electronic-only membership with access to their digital archives for something a little bit less outlandish than $200. Other publishers might sell more PDFs to me if they didn't charge obscene (and insulting) a la carte rates.

      They could attract new members by creating some sort of free service where they get access to anything more than 10 years old.

      Until then, I'll just get PDF's of whatever I can grab off a professor's website and visit the library for everything else.

      Of course, given the way information tycoons like to act, I wouldn't be surprised if instead they try to get photocopying for personal use banned as a form of piracy.

    3. Re:So work with it rather than fight it... by smcdow · · Score: 1

      I know! We could make the information searchable!

      If only we had a powerful, easy to use engine that would make it easy to catalog and search content......

      Hmmm, maybe if I Googled I could find something that fit the bill...

      --
      In the course of every project, it will become necessary to shoot the scientists and begin production.
    4. Re:So work with it rather than fight it... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
      A funded journal would still be the best way to get the relevant information all in one place

      The best place to get the relevant information is a peer-reviewed journal. There's no reason why it shouldn't be free; the publishers add almost no value. John Baez (a physicist) has a good article on this. Here's an example of a respected free journal.

      Don't believe the publishers' FUD.

    5. Re:So work with it rather than fight it... by Peter+Desnoyers · · Score: 1
      I'd gladly re-join the ACM (I let my membership lapse after I graduated from college) if they offered an electronic-only membership with access to their digital archives for something a little bit less outlandish than $200. Other publishers might sell more PDFs to me if they didn't charge obscene (and insulting) a la carte rates.
      This article isn't talking about the IEEE and ACM, which typically charge about $25-$30 a year for a journal subscription, and who don't require authors to sign their lives away. (so even if you don't have a digital library subscription, you can usually find the paper on the author's site or on citeseer.org) The people who are worried are places like Elsevier and Springer - to give an example, the second CS journal I picked at random on Elsevier's website was "Artificial Intelligence", with 18 issues a year for a cost of $2389.00.

      It's a great business model if you can get away with it - don't pay anyone involved in doing the work, and charge a lot for the product. But then, making buggy whips used to be a great business, too. Technology made one of these businesses obsolete, and it's about to do it to the other one, too.

  6. Peer review means little. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Once you've been in academia or the research world for a couple of decades, you'll truly understand how little peer review often means. In many respects, it's a popularity contest no different than that one would see between high school kids.

    Those researchers and academics who are most outspoken and sure they are correct end up being considered as such. As long as you consistently deny that you're wrong and insist that you're correct, many fellow researchers and academics will believe you, even if you're completely full of shit. When such people are the peers reviewing your work, it's basically pointless to go through with the whole process. Shitty peer-reviewed literature is still shit.

    1. Re:Peer review means little. by jcgam69 · · Score: 1

      Mod parent up. Anonymous Coward speaks the truth!

    2. Re:Peer review means little. by mollymoo · · Score: 3, Informative

      Peer review isn't perfect, but do you have a better suggestion? Publish everything and have every working scientist spend most of their time reviewing every one of the papers published in their field every month to see if there is anything relevant to their work? I don't think that's very pracical. Peer review is the best filter anyone has so far invented for scientific publishing, despite its flaws.

      --
      Chernobyl 'not a wildlife haven' - BBC News
    3. Re:Peer review means little. by Manchot · · Score: 1

      Peer review's still better than the alternative. We already have this alternative: it's called the Internet, and it's full of nonsense like "OMG! QUANTUM MECHANICS IS WRONG!" *cough* Randall Mills *cough*

    4. Re:Peer review means little. by markov_chain · · Score: 0, Redundant

      I haven't been in the academia for a couple of decades yet, but in my experience:
      - peer reviewed papers are typically far better than nonreviewed (both production and content)
      - among the peer reviewed papers there is again a tiering of quality; some conferences/journals have higher standards.

      That said, there still happen cases where bad/incosequential papers get accepted, and good ones rejected, but I found that this kind of thing can automatically correct itself through the citation process; nobody will cite the bad papers, and sometimes people will start citing the good ones even if they are not published in a peer-reviewed forum, but still available on the author's web page, or as a technical report at some university.

      --
      Tsunami -- You can't bring a good wave down!
    5. Re:Peer review means little. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You seem to be ignoring the blinded (or double-blinded) nature of most peer-review systems. It's set up that way to try to cut down on exactly the sort of bias you're describing.

    6. Re:Peer review means little. by TheRaven64 · · Score: 5, Insightful
      I think the real problem is that peer review happens before publication, not after. In an ideal world, you would publish everything. Feynman said that if you only publish your successes then you are cheating the research community, and I agree. I have learned a great deal by looking at failed research and seeing that they came close to the right answer, but couldn't see it because they were too close to the problem.

      You can't really judge research when it is done; this is why people tend to receive Nobel Prizes for research they did decades earlier. Your peers are also your competitors, and it's not in their interests to promote good research that produces different conclusions to their own. No paper, no matter how wrong it appears to its reviewers, should ever be denied publication now that publication online costs nothing. Instead, the journals should add value by highlighting the papers that represent the current views of the research community, and also those that were important in forming these views.

      --
      I am TheRaven on Soylent News
    7. Re:Peer review means little. by wsherman · · Score: 1

      Those researchers and academics who are most outspoken and sure they are correct end up being considered as such.

      The problem I see with scientific publication is a bit different. The problem is not that the scientific community comes to the wrong consensus. The problem is that the scientific community doesn't come to a consensus at all.

      Rather than being due to the peer review process, this problem is due to the whole system of scientific publication. To look successful a scientist has to publish journal articles on a regular basis that are "innovative" (e.g. the articles comes to different conclusions than previous articles). As I see it, what is needed is a collaborative database of research results along the lines of wikipedia. Obviously the database would need a mechanism for scientist to express dissent with the consensus viewpoint but the focus would be on collaborating to achieve a consensus viewpoint.

      The key would be to identify consensus where it existed but to avoid forcing a consensus on overly strong conclusions.

    8. Re:Peer review means little. by posterlogo · · Score: 1
      Wow, that's truly insulting to the many honest men and women who do academic research. I beg to differ with your assessment. People who peer review papers often look deep enough to catch significant issues, but the main goal is to assess the basic integrity of the data presented. Could and experiment have been done better? Are more controls needed? Do the conclusions not fit the results?


      Those researchers and academics who are most outspoken and sure they are correct end up being considered as such. As long as you consistently deny that you're wrong and insist that you're correct, many fellow researchers and academics will believe you, even if you're completely full of shit. When such people are the peers reviewing your work, it's basically pointless to go through with the whole process. Shitty peer-reviewed literature is still shit.


      Are you basing this on some kind of reality or is this your perception of what goes on? In the long run, there really is no room for "opinions" or "popularity" in science. Those who are the most outspoken can still be proven incorrect. If concrete data emerges that doesn't support some "famous" scientist's data, it will certain be well received. On the other hand, even "famous" scientists have to go through the peer review process. More often than not, they have done good consistent science for so long that they do not have much problems during the review process, but reviewers are not going to just let a paper fly through because of who wrote it.


      Clearly your work was not well received by reviewers and you are pissed of as such. Please, get a username and join the discussion instead of flaming as an anonymous coward.

    9. Re:Peer review means little. by posterlogo · · Score: 1

      Are you basing your opinion on some data? I only ask because you have chosen to make this a discussion on the merits of peer review. Do you have anything specific to contribute?

    10. Re:Peer review means little. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Either you are very naive, or you work in an exceptionally honest field (I'd say the first: I do work in a very honest field, and bad things happen)

      First: even blind peer-review is not really blind. Come on: you know who works on what, don't you? and if it's not that particular guy, it's a student of his. If the paper has one or two authors, you can even grock their mother tongue, just in case you were unsure between this French professor and that Japanese chick. If it is signed by two hundred people, well, it is impossible you don't recognize them.

      Second: there are people who review like this: This is from a friend of mine --- great paper; this is from a foe, or from a foe's friend: really bad paper; mmh, can't tell: not bad, but should be refused.

      Third: the editor knows the author(s); if the editor wants a paper published, the paper *will* be published. Politics and sex (yeah, that happens too) may help to get a mediocre paper accepted in a prestigous journal.

      Fourth: the author's name count a lot.

      Fifth: if your paper, however mediocre or plainly wrong, will increase the impact factor of the journal, it *will* be published.

      Now, I don't claim I discribed a typical situation (at least in my field it is not); but please don't fool yourself into believing the system is perfect, and that "relations" play no role in getting articles accepted

    11. Re:Peer review means little. by vadim_t · · Score: 2, Informative

      Did Feynman really mean that?

      I've heard that somebody did a study of whether chewing gum of different sorts produces a measurable effect on an EEG. The result was that no, it doesn't. That's what I think Feynman meant: they had a hypothesis, and very scientifically determined the experiment was a failure, but still should be published, if only to add to the information about what shows up on an EEG and what doesn't.

      Now, in my understanding, peer review is to tell apart things that are well researched from things that aren't. The above should pass peer review and be published: Even though the result was negative it was still good research. On the other hand, I don't think Feynman was saying that any crap anybody makes up should be published as well. Research with a negative result has value, while plain nonsense adds nothing useful and is with all likehood damaging.

    12. Re:Peer review means little. by jcgam69 · · Score: 1

      "Editors not only have enormous power, but they seldom are subject to peer review themselves. Some of them keep their positions for decades. Potential authors may complain privately about inconsistencies and bias, but they are seldom willing to say anything openly. Their fear is that if they did, they would be discriminated against. As in the case of other types of suppression, the fear of stepping out of line has a much greater effect than the few attacks on dissidents that do occur."

      http://www.uow.edu.au/arts/sts/bmartin/dissent/doc uments/ss/ssall.html#ch5

    13. Re:Peer review means little. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Peer review is absolutely great. However with advances in technology you can enable peer review not by just 3 random peers, but by every peer, not just once before publication, but continuously after publication.

      So yes, check out the PLoS ONE journal for how the future will, or hopefully, should look like. The continuous peer review (like what you kind of have when posting comments on slashdot) works less arbitrary, and will change the game for journals, since it goes against impact factor. Impact factor is a quality attributed to the journal, as the average number of citations per paper published in the journal. This is very crude and served us well, and there are better ways to measure impact factor of a paper: the number of citations of the paper, the liveness of the discussion around it, etc... Impact factor is important for a traditional journal since it attracks readership. Online journals don't get money from readership, and more importantly, do not have a publication cost like print journals have and do not have a limited amount of space in which they must pack as much as possible high impact papers. They can just publish anything that is factually correct and rank the most interesting papers based on discussion, so that both readership and authors are treated fairly.

    14. Re:Peer review means little. by darkwhite · · Score: 1

      Looks like publications in your field aren't competitive or rigorous enough.

      Publication in top journals in my field (let alone Science and Nature) is subject to extremely critical peer review, often a grueling fight with people who know a lot more about the subject matter than you do.

      --

      [an error occurred while processing this directive]
    15. Re: Peer review means little. by Black+Parrot · · Score: 1

      > Once you've been in academia or the research world for a couple of decades, you'll truly understand how little peer review often means. In many respects, it's a popularity contest no different than that one would see between high school kids.

      > Those researchers and academics who are most outspoken and sure they are correct end up being considered as such. As long as you consistently deny that you're wrong and insist that you're correct, many fellow researchers and academics will believe you, even if you're completely full of shit.

      If you want us to think any of this is the norm rather than the exception, you should be able to deliver a big pile of examples.

      --
      Sheesh, evil *and* a jerk. -- Jade
  7. Why stop there? by greg_barton · · Score: 1
    'The consultant advised them to focus on simple messages, such as "Public access equals government censorship"'

    Why not go for the gold?

    "Ignorance equals Strength"

    "War equals Peace"

    "Black equals White"

    They're much simpler...and truthier!
  8. ha by cpearson · · Score: 2

    "Public access equals government censorship". This is a quote destin to inflame the /. community.

    kinda like this sig... Vista Help Forum

    --
    Windows Vista Help Forum
  9. Pay attention! by Shabazz+Rabbinowitz · · Score: 5, Funny

    I don't know anything about that, but I do understand that we've always been at war with Eurasia.

    1. Re:Pay attention! by Vengeance · · Score: 4, Funny

      Absolutely correct: We and our Eurasian allies have always been at war against Eastasia.

      --
      It was a joke! When you give me that look it was a joke.
    2. Re:Pay attention! by bricko · · Score: 1

      And I've always been under the assumption we were at war with Myasia....but you say its Eurasia....which is it.

    3. Re:Pay attention! by whathappenedtomonday · · Score: 1

      translation to "unfunny": "the free-information movement (...) [is increasingly considered a] (...) problem." Quite scary, not exactly funny, and not limited to science or the peer review process. Your post is right on target, though. I'll now sit in a corner and laugh.

      --
      I hope I didn't brain my damage.
    4. Re:Pay attention! by Vengeance · · Score: 1

      I'll be magnanimous. Myasia is Eurasia, and I can only hope that Eurasia is Myasia.

      --
      It was a joke! When you give me that look it was a joke.
    5. Re:Pay attention! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Of one thing we can be certain. Uranus is not Mianus. Thank God.

    6. Re:Pay attention! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Actually, we have always been at war with Amnesia. We (the people) keep forgetting how, over the time, Governments and Businesses are taking over our lives. They keep forgetting that once in a while some of them have been properly dealt with. So they keep coming up with stupid (and some decidedly criminal) ideas like these suggestions.

  10. Welcome to America 2.0... by RyanFenton · · Score: 1

    ...where we have exactly as much science as the free market will bear.

    Honestly, if the 'exclusive information' route of making a science organization doesn't allow them to be solvent, we as a society need to reconsider how we fund such organizations. Can they be funded by the government in a way that will allow them to act acceptably independent of government influence? Can they be community funded to an acceptable level of reliability? Subscriptions to exclusive information for libraries doesn't seem to cut it anymore, and I'd rather not go further down the road of science organizations acting as a business selling exclusive intellectual property. I'd like a bit more of a return to a public foundation of science and progress.

    Ryan Fenton

    1. Re:Welcome to America 2.0... by s20451 · · Score: 1

      Can they be funded by the government

      They already are. For example, arXiv was hosted at Los Alamos National Laboratory until recently, and many state employees (i.e., university professors) devote time and energy to the proper functioning of free journals. (Most professors are required to devote a small portion of their time to "administration", which can include editorships of journals.)

      --
      Toronto-area transit rider? Rate your ride.
  11. They're crapping their pants, by pecosdave · · Score: 1

    we have round one.

    When their subscriptions actually do dry up, or they change their business model to accomodate the movement, victory will be ours!

    --
    The preceding post was not a Slashvertisement.
    1. Re:They're crapping their pants, by Jesus_666 · · Score: 1

      Subscriptions? Dry up? Please. Without subscriptions to a number of journals no university worth its salt can do any proper teaching as that involves the students digging through papers, which happen to be found in these journals; open access isn't yet prevalent and old enough to be a useful replacement.

      Unless people start releasing most of their stuff openly Elsevier, Springer and the rest of the bunch are only going to worry about which origami shapes you can fold out of an EUR500 bill.

      --
      USE HOT GRITS WITH STATUE OF NATALIE PORTMAN (NAKED AND PETRIFIED)
  12. They will compensate by sensationalizing by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    They will compensate by sensationalizing the news (sorry i hate to name names), which works well in the short term. In fact a lot of places are doing that. It works well if you are a VP looking to get cash out a fat check and then bail out to some other company having "proven you track record" at the previous company just before the shit hit the fan.

  13. Sorry, what? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Interesting

    Subscription-only journals aren't dying: they're dead. See http://www.arxiv.org/ or http://jhep.sissa.it/ for more details. The fact that Nature etc. have left it until 2007 (!) to seriously worry about this just shows how little chance they have.

    1. Re:Sorry, what? by msevior · · Score: 1

      I don't know if they're dead, but their importance is somewhat diminished.

      arXiv.org started out a single researchers unix workstation devoted to the field of particle physics phenomenology and has grown to what it is today.

      Basically all the the fields that use Latex/Tex as their publishing standard use it.

      Still arxiv.org is "preprint" archive, often papers are significantly more polished by the time they've been peer reviewed and published. Some papers do not make the cut. Still it is incrediablly useful. I use it all the time.

      Physical Review (http://publish.aps.org/), run by the American Physical Society still has access charges and the process of organising peer review and getting articles up to the required standards does cost money.

  14. End censorship by G.+Hosafat · · Score: 1

    These journals cannot possibly claim that restriciting access to information is in the best interest of the public or bad for science.

  15. Pay for it thre times? by Grahame · · Score: 2, Insightful

    The tax-payer pays for the research to be carried out. The research results are then given away to the publishers, who get other researchers to carry out quality control (at the tax-payers' expense). The publishers then sell it back to the researchers for a subscription that is paid by the tax-payer.

    Quality control of the information collection is done by peer reviewers (who really do it for free), not by publishers, who only exist because it was necessary in the past for someone to organize all the communication, printing and distribution.

    It is another example of "disintermediation" - cutting out the middle-man - as a result of the Internet. The publishers no longer add value.

    1. Re:Pay for it thre times? by pjabardo · · Score: 1

      The best post so far. In the end it is all taxpayers money (or most of it) that ends up with the publishers. At least they used do do some real work such as actually editing and printing the material. Nowadays all of the editing is pretty much done by the author himself (using LaTeX or whatever). They will just mop it up and sometimes print it.
      Today I was looking up a paper that was 20 years old (1986). My university did not have the electronic subscription (the paper one they have) for that Journal at that time so if I wanted that paper (today is holliday in Sao Paulo) I would have to pay $32 for a pdf. This is robbery: 6 pages published 20 years ago for work that they even didn't write or pay? Absurd!!!

    2. Re:Pay for it thre times? by Jasper__unique_dammi · · Score: 1

      True, this is just jobs disapearing because of technology. They should know better, learn from history, this is the same as factory workers trying to destroy machines that could take their jobs. However, I dont think many of the jobs lost here will cause any hunger, as it did in the industrial age.
      They should fire these guys as best as it is posible, maybe make some new jobs by other people working fewer hours elsewhere, or simply other jobs to be done. It should work that way, too few jobs => work less stupid! Get a hobby! :D
      ( Ok, the extra peopletime can do some good elsewhere too. And it doesnt always combine well with capitalism. (why i dont like full-blown capitalism) )
      BTW what a lowly job, spindoctor pitbull!

    3. Re:Pay for it thre times? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Huh? Last time I checked, I DID NOT get paid to review a paper by the journal. As a scientist, I'm expected to do things such as write proposals and peer-review journal articles. However, as I am paid out of grants which provide funding to do research on a specific topic and not out of institutional funds, I basically have to write proposals and review papers on my own time. Reviewing papers for journals is pretty much something scientists are expected to do on a volunteer basis, without any kind of compensation, for the benefit of the scientific community. So I am not being paid by the tax-payers to review papers, although my research is funded by tax dollars. A lot of the editors for scientific journals are also volunteers who do not receive any compensation other than being able to say they served as the editor of the journal. The editors are the ones who usually find the reviewers, so no one is really paying for that part of the publication process either. I don't see where the taxpayers have to pay three times - maybe only twice, once for the research and then for the subscription. And by the way, I'm a scientist and a taxpayer. I have to pay for my own journal subscriptions too, so in a way I'm taking a salary cut to pay for access to the studies I need to read to do my job.

  16. Censorship v. Censorship. by Irvu · · Score: 3, Interesting

    So efforts to promote science to the general public by making the product of science available for the general public (improving scientific education, etc) are "government censorship" while locking things in overproced journals (Acta Chemica has a $1300/year price tag) is not? They look more and more like the RIAA every day.

    Publishing is fundamentally a service industry. What the publishers provide is some task (e.g. binding copies to dead-tree format) that is difficult. With the advent of the interweb many of these tasks (e.g. shipping copies around the world) have become much easier. There is still a market for publishers of science and music (e.g. Special editions, bound works, and stuff that is "better than free") but rather than chase those niches the publishers have chosen to attack their own readers and authors.

    This is especially hilarious when you consider the difference. Odd as it may seem, compared to this group, at least the RIAA has some leg to stand on. The RIAA is trading stuff that is typically not shared wheras the entire process of science is based upon sharing things freely and widely. That is how everything works from peer review to the spurring of new developments. At least the RIAA hires their music editors and producers while most editors of scientific journals are paid by their home universities and do this task for free in order to spur the exchange of information. Similarly most musicians are paid by the music producers while most authors of scientific papers are not paid by the publishers in any way rather its the other way around because the authors have to pay for subscriptions to read their own work.

    This excange starts to look less and less fair all the time. Especially since more and more people are seeking out papers online rather than in the dead-tree forms.

    Viva XXX and PLOS.

  17. four words by mycroft822 · · Score: 1

    I just have four words for these guys: Die in a fire.

  18. Harumph by Trailwalker · · Score: 1

    A lot of research is taxpayer funded. Shame if the taxpayers get the information without paying a "prestigious journal" publisher.

    1. Re:Harumph by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      If a scientist needs to have a journal subscription in order to keep up with a field, he or she has to pay for it out of your own personal money. The scientist cannot pay for it out of a research grant. However, the subscription is tax deductible if it meets the IRS requirements for taking such deductions. At least it was last time I itemized deductions on my income taxes.

      You have also hit upon the reason why public libraries were invented in the first place. Not everyone can afford to buy every single book or periodical, or has space to keep these things around. Libraries were created to provide access to publications that people would otherwise not be able to obtain.

      Okay, so libraries are often funded through taxes, as well as private donations. However, the publication costs for scientific research are often paid for by the scientist who wants to publish the work. If you took away the fees charged for subscriptions, the journals would just pass the lost revenues back to the scientists trying to get their work published. Either way the taxpayers would have to pay for the publication of the research.

      Publishing on the Internet isn't free either. Maintaining the computers, keeping file formats up to date, paying the ISP, etc. all cost money. Even online journals usually have to charge fees, although they can be much cheaper than print journals. There's no free lunch and anyone who tells you there is has no idea what they are talking about.

      I get so sick of hearing all these arguments every time an article like this gets posted on SlashDot. Most of the biggest complainers really have no clue how the scientific publication process works. I doubt that they really would even understand the research they claim they deserve free access to if they were to actually read it.

    2. Re: Harumph by Black+Parrot · · Score: 1

      > A lot of research is taxpayer funded. Shame if the taxpayers get the information without paying a "prestigious journal" publisher.

      A few years ago the traditional middle-men in the weather forecast dissemination business tried to get the US government to stop making forecasts available for free on the internet.

      --
      Sheesh, evil *and* a jerk. -- Jade
  19. The times they are a changin' by heffrey · · Score: 0

    There's a few things that stick in the craw with the whole scientific journal system.

    At least outside of North America, the whole academic sector is funded by the taxpayer. The journals don't fund the research. So, if we are paying for the research in the first place, why on earth don't we the public have a right to see all that's published?

    It's hard to stomach the publishers complaints when you realise how they treat the source of their income, the researchers. These folk do the reviewing and editing for free, usually out of office hours. They don't mind this, it's part of the game, but why should a publisher trouser wads of cash for all their hard work?

    The time will come when the publishers are forced out of business by an online, peer reviewed, sponsored publication model. Only that time won't be any time soon. It is sad to say that academics are so hopelessly individual they are highly unlikely to be able to join together to beat the publishers just yet!

    1. Re:The times they are a changin' by Grahame · · Score: 1

      It is sad to say that academics are so hopelessly individual they are highly unlikely to be able to join together to beat the publishers just yet! Not really true. See: http://www.openarchives.org/ Also. ArXiv.org, http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/ and others.
    2. Re:The times they are a changin' by veki · · Score: 1

      Yes there are alot of initiatives to offer sites with open access content. GNU/Linux Center provides more than 380 sites with open access content full of scientific and other scholarly documents. http://gnulinuxcentar.org/index.php?option=com_web links&catid=22&Itemid=23 I have wrote onece article for one conference and one big publisher still sells it on its site without prior asking me for permission. Thus, I join open access movement. veki

    3. Re:The times they are a changin' by heffrey · · Score: 0

      OK, so it's not black and white the way I told it, but in the majority I believe my statement holds good.

  20. In their faces by drooling-dog · · Score: 3, Insightful

    I predict that this PR campaign will blow up in their faces, big-time. Their target audience this time isn't the unwashed masses camped in front of the tee-vee; it's people who know how to think (and even do so from time to time). Hilarity will ensue as the big smack-down gains momentum.

    1. Re:In their faces by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Funny

      You've obviously never talked with a biologist....

    2. Re:In their faces by drooling-dog · · Score: 1

      You've obviously never talked with a biologist....

      Almost every day, but I see your point. At least they have PLoS, though. It's the chemists I'm most worried about; the ACS and Elsevier have most of their stuff locked up. The physicists and astronomers, OTOH, will be leading the way out of the darkness...

    3. Re:In their faces by pjabardo · · Score: 1

      I am not so sure about that. The basic problem is that there are very few free peer reviewed journals online.

      Even if someone comes up with one in your area, publishing in this journal won't give you much status. Since in several places research productivity is measured by number of papers weighed by journal "quality", publishing in those journals won't really help one's carrier. It will also be difficult to find respected reviewers and that is a must for a journal to be important. I guess that publishers PR is very important in gathering reviewers and good papers when a new journal is born.

      What does this all mean? Free journals will have to follow the path of free software, gainning respect and popularity over a several years. But this is a very important step.

      One possible help is to publish your paper in a traditional journal, write something up inspired on this paper and publish it on a free journal. I don't know if that is exactly allowed/ethical but it is a common procedure anyway and with the prices the publishers charge no ethical problem is possible.

    4. Re:In their faces by drooling-dog · · Score: 1

      Perhaps we need to broaden our idea of what peer review is, and how it's best accomplished. Currently, a very small number of people recruited by the publisher are responsible for assuring that proper methods were used and that the conclusions drawn are at least reasonable. I don't see that exposing papers to much wider scrutiny would necessarily compromise that process, given some necessary procedures and safeguards.

      I hesitate to suggest using something like the moderation system we're using here, but with a few restrictions (like assuring the qualifications and "karma" of moderators) it might fly.

    5. Re:In their faces by pjabardo · · Score: 1

      I agree with you. People are too desperate to publish. So they publish any shit, in several places. It is hard to come by a good, well written paper.

      One of the consequences is that the reviewers are similar to the kids that own the ball. I have seen, several times, a well written paper, with good results that wasn't published and a few months later someone publishes a very similar research and you find out the guy is a reviewer or close to one. You also see people cross-referencing each other all the time to increase the citation index.

      But I don't see any good and simple replacement. A moderation system? Perhaps but a scientific paper isn't something like a a post on slashdot. It takes a while to read and study and some research will interest very few people even though it is important and might raise interest not immediately but in the future. Paulo

  21. sounds like children making noise by 3seas · · Score: 1

    ... but I waana get somethin for others peoples works....

    I understand publishers get money from subscribers and advertiser and pay out to their writers and in the case of research journals that might even sponsor some of the research.

    But maybe this is the horse and cart being removed due to increased car usage.

    Public access equates to government censorship????

    It would be nice if the government was more inline with what the people want.
    But even then it wouldn't be a "public access equates to government censorship"

    If there is something that shouldn't be made public... well then that would be government censorship and it wouldn't matter where it might have been published.

  22. Awww, c'mon! by StefanJ · · Score: 2, Funny

    You know the drill:

    while(!$goodthink)
    {

    print "IGNORANCE IS STRENGTH\n";
    print "WAR IS PEACE \n";
    print "LOVE IS HATE\n";
    print "Public access equals government censorship\n";

    checkGoodthink();

    }

    1. Re:Awww, c'mon! by sconeu · · Score: 1
      Your post is doubleplusungood. Please report to Room 101. The following is plusgood:

      while (ungoodthink)
      {
        print "WAR IS PEACE";
        print "FREEDOM IS SLAVERY";
        print "IGNORANCE IS STRENGTH";
        print "Public access equals government censorship\n";
       
        checkGoodthink();
      }
      --
      General Relativity: Space-time tells matter where to go; Matter tells space-time what shape to be.
    2. Re:Awww, c'mon! by inKubus · · Score: 1

      They are both infinite loops and are therefore bad examples of coding.

      while (checkGoodthink())
      {
          print "WAR IS PEACE";
          print "FREEDOM IS SLAVERY";
          print "IGNORANCE IS STRENGTH";
          print "Public access equals government censorship\n";
      }

      --
      Cool! Amazing Toys.
  23. Science journal publishers by iminplaya · · Score: 2, Insightful

    are the same as all other publishers, only trying to protect their interests. And like the others, they distrust "free", and even more so the concept of self publishing that doesn't pass through their gates, just like the RIAA. If these gatekeepers want to insure their value, then they just have to prove that what they publish is more valuable or trustworthy than the self publisher. Interesting FUD they're putting out though.

    --
    What?
  24. Shooting themselves in the foot.. by Vellmont · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Maybe this kind of propoganda campaign might work for the masses (see death tax, global climate change, and Fox News), but I kind of doubt it'll work on the scientific community who by their very nature tend to question. The other nail against them is that from what I've heard, many scientists don't like the high fees they have to pay for publishing in journals, so there's not exactly a friendly trusting relationship between the two.

    Instead of trying to trick people into thinking that free access to information is somehow "bad", maybe they should be emphasizing the things they do provide? I'm not expert on the scientific journals, but I thought one of the things they provided was seperating out the complete junk from legit research. A filter of sorts. Do they currently offer help in editing scientific papers? If not, maybe they should? The question the industry should be asking itself is "What do we provide beyond actually printing and sending out paper?" Previously they've been able to take advantage of controlling distribution, since printing and distribution of information was relatively difficult. Now it's obviously trivial and extremely inexpensive.

    It seems to me that free access to scientific information is a reality. Both the people who create the information (the scientists) and the people who read it (mostly scientists) want it to be freely available. Trying to fight it rather than adapt to it is a path towards bankruptcy.

    --
    AccountKiller
    1. Re:Shooting themselves in the foot.. by drinkypoo · · Score: 3, Interesting
      Instead of trying to trick people into thinking that free access to information is somehow "bad", maybe they should be emphasizing the things they do provide?

      But first they would have to provide something of value.

      I'm not expert on the scientific journals, but I thought one of the things they provided was seperating out the complete junk from legit research. A filter of sorts. Do they currently offer help in editing scientific papers? If not, maybe they should?

      What they offer is a panel of scientists to whom your article is sent before it appears in their journal. These people then get to review it prior to publishing. This is unnecessary today; you just publish your paper on the internet, and then people review it. People can easily find reviews of your paper with google, unlike in a dead-tree-only model, where without a review process as part of the journal submission process, you would have to search manually though paper publications to find reviews of the paper in question. Basically their business model has expired and they are looking for lies to tell to bolster it, because they can't think of any legislation they could afford to solve the problem for them.

      It seems to me that free access to scientific information is a reality. Both the people who create the information (the scientists) and the people who read it (mostly scientists) want it to be freely available. Trying to fight it rather than adapt to it is a path towards bankruptcy.

      It's not clear that there's a lot of adaptation to be done, although I think they could limp along for a while by providing free or nearly free websites that handle the review process, and then charged people for dead tree editions compiled from material on the website monthly. Some schmucks would buy it. Ultimately nothing short of getting into another business is going to save them because a site (or network of sites) similar to Wikipedia could replace all of those scientific journals.

      --
      "You're right," Fisheye says. "I should have set it on 'whip' or 'chop.'"
    2. Re:Shooting themselves in the foot.. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
      Instead of trying to trick people into thinking that free access to information is somehow "bad", maybe they should be emphasizing the things they do provide?
      But first they would have to provide something of value.
      Something to read on the can. Not everyone has a laptop or wants to search, print (full color with nifty graphs and drawings), and bind their crap mag. That and once you read all the articles you're interested in and you're still... busy, there's all those other articles you might not have cared for but you'll read anyways.
    3. Re:Shooting themselves in the foot.. by Vellmont · · Score: 1

      Hmm.. I'm not convinced there's not a nitch that these journals couldn't fill. They still need someone to figure out who reviews each paper for publication. They still need someone to do layout, manage publication, etc. Who's to say that scientific writers don't want/need help writing papers? Other scientists still will want to go to a respected authority that's done some filtering of junk. If the publications don't adapt, that respected authority is just going to be large Universities, or a large government.

      That obviously means a changing business model, and probbably merging with other publishing companies. But that's kind of my point. The problem of course is that businesses get too used to just raking in the dough doing the same thing over and over. They don't like risk or change because it might mean they'll lose money. Of course if they do nothing but pursue propaganda campaigns, it's a certainty that they'll lose money.

      --
      AccountKiller
    4. Re:Shooting themselves in the foot.. by hengist · · Score: 1
      I'm not expert on the scientific journals, but I thought one of the things they provided was seperating out the complete junk from legit research.

      The filtering is done by the editors and reviewers. None of whom get paid. People review journal articles as a public service and to advance their careers. The most I've received for reviewing a journal article, apart from a "thank you" note from the editor, is a free copy of the current issue of the journal I was reviewing for.

      The peer-review process might work a bit better if the reviewers got even a tiny share of the subscription money journals charge.

    5. Re:Shooting themselves in the foot.. by darkwhite · · Score: 1

      What they offer is a panel of scientists to whom your article is sent before it appears in their journal. These people then get to review it prior to publishing. This is unnecessary today; you just publish your paper on the internet, and then people review it.

      I just about fell over laughing.

      Have you actually worked in scientific research in an active field with rigorous journals before? My field only appeared 15 years ago and has been exploding for the past 10. It would be absolutely impossible to keep up with research using the model you propose.

      Peer review is the one biggest service a scientific journal can provide. The AAP is not attacking self-publishing; it's not a threat to them. They are attacking open access journals which minimize their operating costs and charge authors for the peer review and administrative expenditures. These journals are gaining massive momentum and are starting to make numerous commercial scientific journals irrelevant. The guy across the hall from me was a co-founder of PLoS, the most important and most visible such effort so far. Suggest a peer-review-free model to him and you'll get laughed off the campus.

      --

      [an error occurred while processing this directive]
    6. Re:Shooting themselves in the foot.. by drinkypoo · · Score: 1

      Peer review is the one biggest service a scientific journal can provide. The AAP is not attacking self-publishing; it's not a threat to them. They are attacking open access journals which minimize their operating costs and charge authors for the peer review and administrative expenditures.

      1) How is that different from now?

      2) I still maintain that peer review would be better handled without the journals and you have offered no explanation as to why this is not true. I think some structure would be valuable, based on scoring systems, but in general it is not necessary and such an approach would currently tie all into a single site which is counterproductive. The growth of so-called "web services" might make a difference there.

      --
      "You're right," Fisheye says. "I should have set it on 'whip' or 'chop.'"
  25. Newspeak by Nom+du+Keyboard · · Score: 1
    Public access equals government censorship.
    Freedom equals slavery.
    Every "illegal" download euqals a lost sale.

    Looks like another legacy industry lying to protect their outmoded business model. After all, if they're selling something of real value (e.g. peer reviewed articles) to the consumer then they have nothing to fear. However, if they've only controlled the flow to this information due to a high barrier of entry in the past that technology has mostly erased now, then let them go down -- and the faster, the better!

    --
    "It's the height of ridiculousness to say for those 9 lines you get hundreds of millions."
  26. Peer Review referees are usually not paid... by ubuwalker31 · · Score: 1

    ...so, why don't these experts get together and publish online??? I am sure that advertising dollars from banner ads, etc would pay for their time in spades.

  27. Peer review is not in question here by wsanders · · Score: 2, Insightful

    This is just more old media vs new media hoohah. Don't confuse peer review with public access. You've been dragged in by the spinmeisters described in the article.

    I was only in the academic world for a couple of years, and helped peer review a couple papers for a professor of mine. In my smallish field (transportation operations research) there was no market for "vanity" journals like there are in some fields.

    Maybe some fields are more politically charged than others, mine was certainly not one subject to popular controversy. If you want real "democracy", bear in mind that a significant percentage of the US population believes that the Earth was created 6000 years ago.

    --
    Give a man a fish and you have fed him for today. Teach a man to fish, and he'll say "WHERE'S MY FISH, YOU IDIOT?"
  28. Weak Attempt at CYA by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
    FROM TFA
    When any government or funding agency houses and disseminates for public consumption only the work it itself funds, that constitutes a form of selection and self-promotion of that entity's interests.
    By that logic, when any government agency only pays for the printing of the of the work it funds in a very expensive private publication, that also constitutes a form of self-promotion and selection, and more. Well, duh!!!
  29. Most major scientific advances come from govt. by spun · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Most major advances in science have come from government funding, either basic research which private companies never do because no one can say whether basic research will ever turn a profit, let alone when it might or how much; or through military research. But you are free to have your opinion, attempt to convince others, and even attempt to get the laws changed.

    Until that point, thankfully, freeloaders are forced to help pay for all the benefits they accrue (Such as the use of the Internet) through government funding of science. I love the fact that we have a system in which the selfish can not wriggle out of their share of the responsibility that comes with being a member of an interdependent civilized society. I hesitate to even speculate what kind of shithole we'd be living in if the selfish and ego oriented weren't such a minority compared to the cooperative types of the world.

    --
    - None can love freedom heartily, but good men; the rest love not freedom, but license. -- John Milton
    1. Re:Most major scientific advances come from govt. by UbuntuDupe · · Score: 1

      That's interesting, but please remind me what any of that has to do with your earlier claim that my complaint about "equating government funding of science with science" was a troll against stem cell research funding proponents.

      Would you like to admit your error, or simply pontificate on the separate matter you just brought up?

    2. Re:Most major scientific advances come from govt. by spun · · Score: 2

      Um, can't I do both? *Sigh* Oh, all right. You have validated your position, and I apologize for calling you a troll.

      --
      - None can love freedom heartily, but good men; the rest love not freedom, but license. -- John Milton
    3. Re:Most major scientific advances come from govt. by FallLine · · Score: 1
      Most major advances in science have come from government funding, either basic research which private companies never do because no one can say whether basic research will ever turn a profit, let alone when it might or how much; or through military research. But you are free to have your opinion, attempt to convince others, and even attempt to get the laws changed.
      Government funding has certainly played a critical role in the advancement of the sciences, however it's equally folly to ignore the huge contribution of private industry. Bringing the technology out of the lab is typically not easy and it is not something which government is good at directing, funding, or managing. In addition, there are many examples of private industry technology coming back into the research community with huge benefits (see microprocessors, DNA chip, optical improvements, assorted lasers, etc).

      Until that point, thankfully, freeloaders are forced to help pay for all the benefits they accrue (Such as the use of the Internet) through government funding of science. I love the fact that we have a system in which the selfish can not wriggle out of their share of the responsibility that comes with being a member of an interdependent civilized society. I hesitate to even speculate what kind of shithole we'd be living in if the selfish and ego oriented weren't such a minority compared to the cooperative types of the world.
      I disagree. Simply breathing and paying "something" in taxes does not mean you're pulling your own weight. There are lazy people in this country that barely work and pay very little in taxes (and many more in some other countries which disincentivize hard work and incentivize people not to work) [and no, before you flame me, I'm not saying everyone that isn't working full time or earning a high salary is necessarily lazy]. Furthermore, I would argue that even if you're earning the (respectable) US median income and paying taxes accordingly your tax dollars truly aren't going to pay for less-immediate needs like basic research, but will instead go to more urgent needs (e.g., roads, police, sanitation, defense, etc). Most people are using more government resources than they're putting back in. While I wouldn't suggest that everyone should have to pay the same amount of taxes regardless of income, it's absurd to totally ignore the inherent agency problem with associated with government spending.
    4. Re:Most major scientific advances come from govt. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I still think he/she was trolling. I fully believe that the original intent of the original post was just as you said. His/her later rant was like the whole protecting marriage issue. In that little bit of foolishness people scream about protecting marriage while really it's a matter of hating themselves for getting a chubber while watching XXX (the actor, not the genre) movies.

      Same thing here, but with less masturbation and more rationalization.

  30. heh by geekoid · · Score: 1

    Enjoy your buggy whip business while you can!

    --
    The Kruger Dunning explains most post on /. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunning%E2%80%93Kruger_effect
  31. Open Access helps and wont kill journals by gsn · · Score: 5, Informative

    Complete rubbish. Physics has had preprint servers like arxiv for 15 years now, and the American Physical Society (APS) found NO EVIDENCE WHATSOEVER that subscriptions were drying up because of arxiv. APS publishes a large number of journals at that. I can find things much easier through arxiv but if I'm going to cite something then its going to be peer reviewed. APS actually felt that preprint servers helped so setup one with Brookhaven, and link to a number of their own webpage. Their attrition rate has remained very constant over the same time period and probably has more to do with shrinking funds. The preprint servers help us. Our group put out a couple of papers recently and we got some constructive feedback from people reading the preprints of astro-ph - and some of the points mentioned the referee didn't catch. Its a stronger paper as a result. The preprint servers are also frequently much easier to search for current literature than the journals sites. They have their problems - theres a good number of completely crazy papers on them and its sort of annoying to sift through them - look for submitted to/accepted for publication in the comment field. In short they are great for easy information access and the journals are great for enforcing quality control. The public access to information is an added bonus. Yes, open access to scientific journals AND data should be mandatory. The journals won't die because they do still provide a valuable service in peer-review.

    --
    Reality must take precedence over public relations, for nature cannot be fooled.
    1. Re:Open Access helps and wont kill journals by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The preprint servers shouldn't need to be 'preprint'. They should be able to contain the final copy of a paper. Authors shouldn't be forced to only make a 'preprint' freely accessible in order to publish in a peer reviewed journal. You can have peer review without having to forfeit your copyright.

      Reviewers don't get paid. Editor more often than not don't get paid. It should be obvious that you can have a free (as in beer and as in freedom) peer reviewed journal. We just need a benevolent dictator to provide leadership.

    2. Re:Open Access helps and wont kill journals by gsn · · Score: 1

      Not really an issue. Frequently they contain a copy that is effectively the same as the final published copy and often better because you stick in colour figures, and don't have a page limit. Take a look at the comment field and you'll see most have been submitted/resubmitted/accepted for publication or link to a better version. http://xxx.lanl.gov/list/astro-ph/new. In fact I only count 3/38 that aren't (and one of those is too long for a journal).

      --
      Reality must take precedence over public relations, for nature cannot be fooled.
  32. Peer review mean a lot! by Per+Abrahamsen · · Score: 2, Informative

    Peer review may be of little value for articles by people who are stars of their field, but that is just a tiny fraction of the articles submitted for publishing. For the rest, peer review filters out incredible amounts of junk (I *have* seen the rejections), and improve the rest significantly (that is called "accepted with major/minor revisions").

    [ I have been in "academia" for two decades. ]

  33. And where does Nature stand in that battle? by Per+Abrahamsen · · Score: 3, Interesting

    I'm kind of surprised to see an article calling attention to an upcoming FUD campaign by the traditional publishers, in a traditionally published journal.

    Pleasantly surprised, but still it seems to me that there is an interesting story hidden there.

  34. "Public access equals government censorship". by n6kuy · · Score: 1

    ... and we all know that government censorship is double plus ungood.

    --
    If you disagree with me on social issues, then it's pretty clear that you are a narrow-minded bigot.
  35. Thats the last time by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    ... I publish in Nature out of principle. From now on I will post anonymously on Slashdot.

  36. Fear not, brave publishers by 91degrees · · Score: 1

    While it is true that information can be exchanged more cheaply, and your business may struggle, there is nothing to worry about. Because, quite frankly nobody really cares.

    You're middle men. You're ulimately a cost. Your aim is apparently just to continue to exist in a parasitic way. The science community doesn't need you any more. If you want to continue to make money, find a business that people still need. Don't try to artificially manufacture a need. You don't have the power.

  37. Simple Economics by blurryrunner · · Score: 1, Insightful

    If they provide a service of value, people will pay for it.

    I think they provide a service of value. Publishers of these journals provide the service of reviewing articles and providing a means to have articles reviewed. IMHO, that is a value that I think many are willing to pay for. They need to push that value to subscribers.

    On the other end, people fund researchers to do work. Those same people should also be interested that the research is high quality. The way to ensure that is through journals. Thus, funders of research should also be interested in funding journals (unless they want to keep it secret--a big caveat).

    It may just be that the publishers need to look at their model for doing business.

    br/

  38. No. Greenpeace. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
  39. The authors do all the hard work by kiwigrant · · Score: 0

    Most of the work required to make a journal is performed by academics and is unpaid by the publishers. The publisher do play an important part but they get all the money. They then restrict access to the information - and remember, it wasn't even written by them! None of this is in the best interests of society at large and the Internet makes dissemination and searching a straightforward proposition. Roll on the change.

  40. Sounds sorta like the RIAA/MPAA whines by v3xt0r · · Score: 1

    The problem isn't free-access to information, the problem is that they won't profit from that free-access, thus causing their capitalistic minds to panic, and spread misinformation to confuse uneducated individuals in to thinking it's 'bad' or 'a socialist/communist agenda', instead of them facing reality and re-thinking (or adjusting) their business model.

    This is very similar to what happened with RIAA and Piracy, and how the frail business model (not the piracy) caused Tower Records to go bankrupt.

    So futile.

    --
    the only permanence in existence, is the impermanence of existence.
  41. It's everywhere... by Eric+Damron · · Score: 2, Informative

    "The consultant advised them to focus on simple messages, such as "Public access equals government censorship."

    Simple sound bites are used because people respond. Most people don't want to take the effort to absorb anything more complicated. God knows we wouldn't want to have to think for ourselves.

    And have you ever noticed that the sound bites don't even have to be true? "Public access equals government censorship." "The war in Iraq is a war on terrorism." "The jury is out on global warming."

    I've also noted that if you dig deep enough you find that it's all about money and power.

    --
    The race isn't always to the swift... but that's the way to bet!
  42. Recent pressure from European Commission by mhermans · · Score: 1

    I don't know if it is a development that influenced this move by AAP, but the EC is considering new guidlines on open access to research that is funded by EU-grants:

    "The European Commission is preparing new guidelines for the 3 billion a year European scientific publishing industry that could put pressure on major firms such as Elsevier or Oxford University Press to give free access to articles based on EU-funded work. ... The EU should consider establishing a "policy mandating published articles arising from European Community-funded research to be available after a given time period in open access archives" the report states." (EUObserver, 25/01)

    Seems reasonable imho... On a personal and self-interested note, I would also like software that is funded by EU & government (through academia) to be open sourced where possible, starting with the named entity recognition software behind News Explorer (which is developed by the EU's Joint Research Center) ;-)

  43. Worse quote... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
    "Media messaging is not the same as intellectual debate".


    So it doesn't matter if you are factually wrong, so long as you spend more money than your opponent advertising that you are right. This level of cynical corporatism is astonishing. I am going to punch the next libertarian to espouse the virtues of the invisible hand of the market in the face.

  44. Hope he's charging a retainer by HangingChad · · Score: 1

    Eric Dezenhall has made a name for himself helping companies and celebrities protect their reputations, working for example with Jeffrey Skilling, the former Enron chief now serving a 24-year jail term for fraud.

    Not sure I'd want to put that one on my highlight reel. Sort of like Boise bragging about the SCO litigation.

    --
    That's our life, the big wheel of shit. - The Fat Man, Blue Tango Salvage
  45. 756 quality controlled free access journals by Michael+Woodhams · · Score: 3, Informative

    Here is a directory of open access journals. One of the requirements for inclusion is "Quality control: for a journal to be included it should exercise quality control on submitted papers through an editor, editorial board and/or a peer-review system."

    --
    Quattuor res in hoc mundo sanctae sunt: libri, liberi, libertas et liberalitas.
  46. Paying your dues by benhocking · · Score: 5, Insightful
    It's an amazing thing really -- putting all your work out there for review (essentially before AND after publication), for the simple satisfaction that you have made a contribution to the knowledgebase.

    OK, let's be honest here. The reason we do it is not merely for that "simple satisfaction" (although there is some of that). If you're possibly going to be looking for a job in the near future, you need to be published - often and recently. If you're trying to get tenure, you need to be published. If you've got tenure, then, well, you don't need to be published, but it certainly helps your bargaining position if you're looking for pay increases, etc.

    Still, it's a racket.
    --
    Ben Hocking
    Need a professional organizer?
    1. Re:Paying your dues by contrapunctus · · Score: 1

      It's not that either. Most scientists rely on grants. The more published you are, the more results you are perceived to produce, and the higher your chances of getting more funding (to pay for grad students and supplies). Publishing is the measure of success really. I'm not trying to knock it, it's just that's what science has become.

    2. Re:Paying your dues by posterlogo · · Score: 1

      What you stated is certainly the case, but I would not call it a racket. I merely suggest that publishing is not done out of "greed". But if you're suggesting that publishing quality articles is a measure of competence, for which the rewards should include employment, promotion, raise, etc., then I agree.

    3. Re:Paying your dues by Metasquares · · Score: 1

      Perhaps to its own detriment.

  47. Failing to adapt by iridium_ionizer · · Score: 2, Interesting

    It's true that if the publishers of scientific journals offered their information for free that a substantial amount of their revenue would dry up. However, not everyone would stop buying the hard copy. I'm sure that many libraries for prestigious universities would still buy the hard copy. For the average student or scientist, however, we could care less about the hard copy (it just takes up shelf space). We just want the information.

    Furthermore, they could alter their business model by charging a flat fee per submission. After all that is the true value added that they provide: the peer-review system which filters out articles that lack scientific merit and forces researchers to really do their homework. Even a submissions fee of $1,000 is a small amount when compared to the overall budget of a multi-year scientific research project. Of course academic fields with smaller budgets may have to find other business models, but what else is new.

    The world changes. Either you can be innovative and survive. Or you can use scare tactics to try to prolong the death of your dying business model.

    1. Re:Failing to adapt by JanneM · · Score: 2, Informative

      Of course, the peer review doesn't actually cost them more than a little administration. The reviewers are all unpaid volunteers, and if there is an editorial board of any kind then so are they (it's happening on office time, of course, so more correct would be saying that the grant agencies are paying for the journal work). The submitters format and set the paper themselves and communication between everyone involved is usually by email or an automated website system. I'd say $1000 is probably overstating the cost per article by a factor of ten, and that's before you add the profits made from selling paper copies to libraries.

      In fact, I'd say a better model is the one being tried in some quarters, with paid-only database access for six months, after which the papers become free. Need-always-current research libraries can pay to get the early scoop, the rest of us can rest on our heels for a bit (or just email the author directly if it's important).

      --
      Trust the Computer. The Computer is your friend.
    2. Re:Failing to adapt by squidfood · · Score: 1
      I'm sure that many libraries for prestigious universities would still buy the hard copy.

      Sorry, it's the opposite. Old days: Libraries got hard copies. Most Universities librarys open to public. Public could go and find hard copies. Price: fair use photocopying.

      Today: Library gets online journal subscriptions. Only available to those who have university computer accounts. Public loses.

  48. Oh shut up by snowwrestler · · Score: 1
    Now, I don't claim I discribed a typical situation (at least in my field it is not); but please don't fool yourself into believing the system is perfect, and that "relations" play no role in getting articles accepted

    Of course the system's not perfect; no one ever claimed it was. (Talk about naive.) That doesn't imply it "means little." The question is whether it's better than the alternative, and the answer is clearly yes. Peer review wasn't turned on like a light switch one day for fun and profit, it was developed by working scientists over decades because it was needed and helpful. It continues to be criticized and enhanced today, not that you're adding to that worthy process with an anonymous bitchfest on /. Grow some balls and speak attributably you think you've got a better mousetrap.
    --
    Build a man a fire, he's warm for one night. Set him on fire, and he's warm for the rest of his life.
  49. They found the right gunman by PCM2 · · Score: 1

    From TFA:

    Besides writing the odd novel, Eric Dezenhall has made a name for himself helping companies and celebrities protect their reputations, working for example with Jeffrey Skilling, the former Enron chief now serving a 24-year jail term for fraud.

    Perhaps all this fist-waving is a little premature?

    --
    Breakfast served all day!
  50. They don't write the papers by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I don't get paid if my paper gets in a journal. I don't get paid if my paper is in a proceedings. In fact I usually have to pay to present my paper (conferences).

    Free information in the sense of public research is totally possible. Current academic communities rely on journals because they are there not because they couldn't make one themselves. We don't need springer we don't need wiley. In computer science we have the ACM and IEEE, we pay our yearly dues or our institution does and we have access to the papers. You can pay too. $130 USD will give you access to everything the IEEE offers academics.

  51. You bet by PopeRatzo · · Score: 4, Interesting

    The point here is that there are money-grubbing scientists. It's not just the Republicans any more.

    I'm telling you, the quicker the entire Intellectual Property system goes topsy-turvy, the better. There was a watershed moment, sometime in the last few decades, when copyright, patents, the whole schmear, started working against it's initial purpose - to encourage innovation and creativity. Now, you write a good song and you hope it gets used in a movie and a commercial and you're set for life. How does that make you more creative?

    I made my living from the IP system until some years ago, when I noticed the first time I lost revenue because of the copying and sharing of my work without my permission. After an initial few hours of outrage, the part of me that got into this whole business to be creative started to realize "Of COURSE people want to share it and copy it. It's entire value is in it's dissemination. It's what's SUPPOSED to happen."

    Then, I went to work to reevaluate how I charged for my ideas and to come up with a way that's not based on commoditizing or objectifying my creativity, but just the opposite: Embracing the fact that these things are ephemeral. They are MEANT to be shared, copied, live a life and then go into an archive, maybe to be found again and maybe not. I don't need to collect a toll every time someone uses what I make, and I don't need to squeeze every last cent.

    The final piece of the puzzle for me is figuring out a way to identify my work as my own, not to prevent copying, but to prevent someone else saying they made it. Unless that's part of the deal, that is. Digital Watermarking is still too expensive for a small-market individual like me and there are still some questions about signatures. I read an article about how The Aphex Twin hid his own face in a graphical display of his music. That fascinated me and I'm always bugging the math folk in my little world about these things. An answer will come. I just hope it's Open Source, or at least reasonable.

    Reasonableness. I guess that's the solution, no?

    --
    You are welcome on my lawn.
    1. Re:You bet by Idarubicin · · Score: 4, Informative
      The point here is that there are money-grubbing scientists.


      You're kidding, right? The scientists who do the research and write the papers receive no financial compensation from the journals whatsoever. Often, those scientists pay part of the cost of publication in the form of page or colour charges. The scientists who peer review the work work for free as well. It's seen as something that they owe to the rest of the community.


      The journal publishers are the ones who make the money. They charge libraries and scientists for subscriptions, and they charge the authors to publish. Granted, they provide services; typesetting and layout and editing and distribution aren't free. But don't mistake money-grubbing publishing companies for money-grubbing scientists. A money-grubbing scientist would want to distribute their work as widely as possible as cheaply as possible. Scientists make money (grants, tenure, collaboration opportunities) on the basis of their reputations--reputations which are built on their work being widely known.

      --
      ~Idarubicin
    2. Re:You bet by melikamp · · Score: 1

      What are you trying to hide and where?

    3. Re:You bet by Metasquares · · Score: 2, Informative

      If you replace the word "scientists" with "publishers", your whole post itself becomes much more reasonable. We are not paid for publishing, and many of us (myself included) find it wrong that our freely-given research is held ransom by people who had nothing to do with its creation, yet we would still like it, and by extension ourselves, to become well-known. I personally upload copies of my research to my website to circumvent this, even if this is technically a violation of a contract with many journals. Restricting access to scientific information slows the entire field down, thus any scientist who has taken up the cause of advancing his field has a duty to fight this.

      To me, publishers are little better than the music industry (which does the same thing to classical sheet music that should be public domain by now). Please don't blame the scientists; there is little we can do about this unless our research becomes so well-known that people actively seek it out. Well, perhaps we could start our own "opensource" journals, but journals themselves have prestige that must be built up, and this can take a lot of time.

      Additionally, current dogma states that extensive peer-review is required to maintain high quality research and thus a journal's prestige. I believe that peer review stifles innovation and would like it abolished (if this means lots of crackpot research, so be it: I believe that the worth of an idea is a platonic ideal, which we must all judge according to our imperfect "sense" of its worth. No one person or entity has the right to withhold ideas from the entire population without that population's consent). However, doing so would probably cause many to shy away from the journal.

    4. Re:You bet by PopeRatzo · · Score: 1

      Not trying to hide it. I want to sign the file in an obvious, but not intrusive way, that will identify the original and any copy that the purchaser makes as my work.

      --
      You are welcome on my lawn.
    5. Re:You bet by PopeRatzo · · Score: 2, Interesting

      You are absolutely right about publishers being the troublemakers in this. Not that there aren't scientists who have put aside their ethics for a bit of cash. We see it in all the Global Warming Denial guys who take Exxon's money.

      But people who do science, my wife and many friends among them, work too hard for too little to be doing it for the money.

      --
      You are welcome on my lawn.
    6. Re:You bet by hachete · · Score: 1

      So effectively, in this case, publishers are a leech on the system. The system would be cheaper to run without them. And cheaper means better.

      --
      Patriotism is a virtue of the vicious
    7. Re:You bet by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Funds to publish and write these journal articles generally come out of grants (assuming the project was on one). Preferablly when a researcher is in a no-cost extension burning through the remaining funds not used during the initial project. Of course, such publications are needed to get past review groups and also to show to the funding agency that the project actually acomplished something. Otherwise, the agency might restrict funding, which makes the institution receiving it very upset at the principal investigator, I'd assume. This is part of the reason why the NIH encourages submissions to MedLine--they pay for it (there are others too, of course).

      Now, new investigators and graduate studens might have it tough, but please don't try to play it like established ones are living in poverty to publish journal articles. Funding generally covers such expenditures.

    8. Re:You bet by Ra+Zen · · Score: 1

      "The journal publishers are the ones who make the money."

      Thanks for someone FINALLY making this point!

      There are apparently a lot of people out there who don't understand that publisher's and scientists are very different entities. I would also like to point out that the scientists who do peer review for journals are ALSO not paid, neither are the scientific editors in most cases. So, journals get scientists to write articles for them for FREE, get other scientists to review them for FREE, and get still other scientists to edit these articles and construct the journal themes for FREE. Certainly there are costs associated with publishing and managing the enterprise, but beyond that journals are making money of the backs of free labor. Now, scientists do have incentives, as has been abundantly pointed out, but you begin to understand why scientists, with the goal of widely publishing their results, have decide to set up entities like PLoS in order to cut the money grubbing middle man, who doesn't make any of the important content anyway, out of the picture and cheaply deliver results to an even wider audience.

    9. Re:You bet by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      It sounds to me like you might be a true human, in the grandest sense of the word.

    10. Re:You bet by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You're the one that has got to be kidding...

      "You're kidding, right? The scientists who do the research and write the papers receive no financial compensation from the journals whatsoever."

      Neither does a crime boss that puts a hit on a competitor earn money from the hit. He gets paid indirectly.

      Besides, nothing you say contradicts the parent. And then you go on to contradict yourself by supporting said scientists make money from grants, career, etc. that are dependent upon publication.

      "But don't mistake money-grubbing publishing companies for money-grubbing scientists."

      What do you NOT understand about the words peer review? Those peers are scientists themselves.

      Let me spell it out for you--peer review support ideas and research that propel their own ideas, which in turn supports more money in that "promising" field. People scratch each others backs through collaboration, citations, and the like.

      I've worked in 2 labs, one mainly NIH funded, one FDA lab. You know what? There is a shitload of money crossing there folks. My best friend earns $60,000 as a postdoc working in a lab pulling in millions of grant money. They all depend on publication. A substantial cut of a PI's salary is not from the Univeristy or government lab but what is proposed in the grant.

      And a better grant proposal correlates very well with publication in highly esteemed journals.

      Note that I should clarify that I do not have a problem with the peer review system. I personally like places where ads are placed informing me of a new product, I like magazines and bound publications, and I think peer review is still the way to go.

      What I hate is 2 things:
      * the freaking cost of articles or the mag; $15-30 a reprint, $250+ a year is out of there for the regular individual to gain access to. Despite the mounds of copyright law that they could work with to make sure institutions pay more and individuals don't, they often do not exercise this. This limits information heavily. And no, my public library or local college doesn't have access to said articles.
      * trying to shut down or have an ad campaign regarding alternative methods as noted in the /. article; this just plain stinks.

  52. Fuck you by mavi_yelken · · Score: 1

    The ability to read papers online was the best thing that happened for the progress of science since the invention of since automatic printing was invented. Fuck you greedy people trying to impede the free dissemination of information for lining their pockets. I apologize, these people get to me.

  53. If the Journals Disappear by krs804 · · Score: 1

    Were will the media get the preliminary studies that they publish as fact?

  54. Example of Evil... by RexRhino · · Score: 1

    I like how to show that the PR firm is evil, the example they give is "to criticize the environmental group Greenpeace". As if critizing a political action group is somehow wrong or bad. Or as if Greenpeace has never done anything to deserve criticism.

  55. How to make a Straw Man by IBitOBear · · Score: 1

    Did anybody notice that even the summary is a quick lesson in "how to make a straw man".

    It is _almost_ more insulting that someone is getting good money to tell corporations how to make "bad arguments" (that apparently stick), than it is that corporations are trying to make obviously self-serving arguments against things.

    I mean you have to at least try to make your business model work, but seriously people...

    Oh, and, "free information" == "government censorship"? Minitrue would be proud.

    after all...

    War is Peace!

    Cue Carl Sagan....

    --
    Innocent people shouldn't be forced to pay for inferior software development.
    --"Code Complete" Microsoft Press
  56. Here we go again..... by cyberscan · · Score: 0, Offtopic

    Here goes more bashing people who believe in a creator. You imply that people who have moral values or believe in "God" want to live in caves and are afraid of thunder or want to force that lifestyle on everyone else. FYI, I believe in a supreme creator and have moral values. It may also surprise you that I also support the teaching of the theory of evolution in school. What I do not support is the fervent teaching of evolution as ONLY explanation of the existence of life. I do not support teaching that there "is no God" in the public schools. If you want to label those who believe in a creator anti-science, then you might as well apply that label to the father of modern physics and calculus, Sir Isaac Newton.

    I only say that other points of view (non-sectarian) should be at least mentioned. I know that I will get a lot of replies from all of the anti-religious nutbags out there, but I do have a valid point. Science have brought us a lot of good things, but it has also brought us a lot of bad things as well.

    Scientific progress have brought us motor vehicles. These allow us to get around rapidly and speed the delivery of goods and services. Science has also brought us better medicines, which are used in the treatment of disease. Science have also brought us computers which help us communicate and become much more productive. Science has also brought us new forms of energy as well, making lives easier and longer. Science has brought about gene splicing, pesticides, and farming techniques which increase food supply.

    Some of the bad things science has brought us are motor vehicles because they bring about a great number of deaths due to accidents, and their exhaust gasses are a big contributor to global warming (if scientists are correct). Science has also brought about drugs which have as much side
    effects as the diseases that they are supposed to treat as well as bringing about the creation of super-bacteria. Science has also brought about computers which are used to surveil, subjugate and control entire populations as well as used to spread pornography, fill our landfills with toxic, technological waste. Science has also brought us new forms of energy many of which contribute to global warming, and threaten the destruction of life as we know it via nuclear war. Science has brought forth the creation of gene splicing, pesticides, and farming techniques that threaten the environment and has increased the amount of desert area and has been responsible for the destruction of critical wildlife and wildlife habitat. Knowlege is dangerous without wisdom. Wisdom is taught in books such as the Bible.

    Science should be taught in school but should not be taught in a way that attempts to destroy children's belief in a creator. Science can neither prove or disprove the existence of a Creator. However, the way science is being taught in public schools today essentially teaches that there is no Creator. I resent this just as much as I do with Christmas being thrust upon my kids. Many anti-religious nutbags do will not even agree with a disclaimer put in biology books stating that evolution is just a theory.

    I and many Christians, Jews, and people of other faiths are sick and tired of having beliefs like yours thrust upon our children. Even worse is the fact that we are expected to pay for the efforts of people like you to undermine the values taught at home. I lived in a country where atheism and Darwinism was forced upon both children and adults while belief in a Supreme Creator was forbidden. That country was East Germany. I now live in the United States. When the population of the United States was more "God fearing," it was a superb place to live. Now that people like you seem to want to take any mention of "God" out of public life, this country is become more and more of a police state like the former East Germany. No, I am not anti-science because I believe that we should live by Biblical values any more than Issac Newton was for believing the same.

    1. Re:Here we go again..... by RobertLTux · · Score: 1

      besides if you want to prove that Christian !=anti-science then just bring up this building http://www.answersingenesis.org/museum/walkthrough /

      I mean if you can't start from the First Words then pastafarian is a sane "religion"

      --
      Any person using FTFY or editing my postings agrees to a US$50.00 charge
    2. Re:Here we go again..... by shutdown+-p+now · · Score: 1

      In other words, you want your kids to be just as close-minded as you are. The rest of the society disagrees, because close-mindedness such as that is obviously damaging both to the person, and those around it.

    3. Re: Here we go again..... by Black+Parrot · · Score: 2, Insightful

      > However, the way science is being taught in public schools today essentially teaches that there is no Creator.

      Nor a Santa Claus or Easter Bunny.

      Are we to quit teaching the truth because it does not support someone's traditional beliefs?

      If so, who gets to decide which beliefs are sacrosanct and which are dismissable?

      --
      Sheesh, evil *and* a jerk. -- Jade
    4. Re:Here we go again..... by cyberscan · · Score: 1

      "In other words, you want your kids to be just as close-minded as you are. The rest of the society disagrees, because close-mindedness such as that is obviously damaging both to the person, and those around it."

      I am afraid that it is YOU that is closed minded, pal. As my post stated, I believe that the theory of evolution should be taught only I do not believe that it should be taught as the ONLY POSSIBLE SOURCE OF LIFE. Being closed minded means that one is afraid of showing different sides of an issue. This seems to charactarize you. Apparently you seem to believe that being open-minded means that I am supposed to accept the one sided teaching that ALL LIFE CAME ABOUT through evolution at the the exclusion of other theories.

      Even if, as you say, that the rest of society disagrees with me, that does not mean that they are "open-minded." It simply means that they are as narrow minded as you. I just happen to know many in my area who happen to agree with me.

      You call me damaged, yet you know very little about me, my family, or even my religous beliefs. I happen to have a happy and fulfilling life, and so do my children. This includes the ones that my family adopted. You must be so insecure about what you belief that you have to spend time bashing other who just want more than one side shown. Would you like to be a defendent in a court case and for the court to only hear what the prosecution says and put you on total disregard? That is what you are basically doing here. You see, being open-minded means listening to and allowing others to hear other ideas than the ones you support. Apparently, that is not what you support.

    5. Re:Here we go again..... by Harry+Coin · · Score: 1

      It may also surprise you that I also support the teaching of the theory of evolution in school. What I do not support is the fervent teaching of evolution as ONLY explanation of the existence of life. I do not support teaching that there "is no God" in the public schools.

      I do find it surprising that you support the teaching of evolution in the classroom, as it seems that the more extreme literalist interpretations of the Bible have supplanted more nuanced theological denominations. I myself am an atheist, and I do not support teaching that "there is no God" in the classroom. However, I do not believe that science is taught in that manner in any public school (with some possible individual exceptions). In my public school science education, it was certainly never stated in that manner. However, science classes must present their students with the best possible scientific curriculum as it is understood today. In biology, that means evolution. However, do remember that the theory of evolution by natural selection does not address the initial creation of life. That theory is called Abiogenesis and is far less supported than the theory of evolution.

      If you want to label those who believe in a creator anti-science, then you might as well apply that label to the father of modern physics and calculus, Sir Isaac Newton.

      Newton was a genius, without question. His true passion was theology and he devoted most of his writings to this topic. Natural Philosophy (science) was his secondary interest. But while his religious musings are likely interesting in certain circles, it is his scientific contributions that make him a household word across the globe, and provided a framework for some of the greatest advancements in human society. He probably would have been disappointed that his religious views have been mostly forgotten.

      I only say that other points of view (non-sectarian) should be at least mentioned. I know that I will get a lot of replies from all of the anti-religious nutbags out there, but I do have a valid point.

      The proper place for religious instruction is the home, not a public school. There are literally hundreds of different creation stories, and would a science teacher have to mention all of them to avoid offending other denominations? Should Islamic creation be taught? Shinto? Where do you draw the line? Only the Abrahamic religions? Is that remotely fair? While I do believe that teachers should not go out of their way to denigrate people's beliefs, I do not believe that scientific evidence and consensus should be misrepresented. If the teaching of science as we understand it offends believers, or undercuts the lessons they are trying to teach their children, they should have the option to remove their children from class and teach them at home. I don't think it would be wise, but I don't think that "all other points of view" should be taught, as there are far to many, and none of them have to do with science. I don't think that qualifies me as an "anti-religious nutbag".

      Science have brought us a lot of good things, but it has also brought us a lot of bad things as well. (snip) Knowlege is dangerous without wisdom. Wisdom is taught in books such as the Bible.

      Knowledge is a tool. Tools can be used for good or evil. Religion can, and has, been used for both good and evil.

      Science should be taught in school but should not be taught in a way that attempts to destroy children's belief in a creator.

      I agree, but I don't believe that science is taught in this manner. Just because some parts of scientific theory contradict religious teachings, doesn't bean that it is an attempt to destroy people's beliefs. If children are confused by the c

      --
      That's pre 7-11 thinking....
    6. Re:Here we go again..... by cyberscan · · Score: 1

      YOU are NOT one of these anti-religious nutbags. Thanks for your reply. I also agree with you 100% that many "fundies" ought to get their facts straight. Many would do well to spend a quite a bit more time reading the Bible, Q'ran, or whatever scripture drives their faith as well as study science. The word science simply means knowledge.

      However I do respectfully disagree with you about the way science is taught. I believe that science (especially biology) is taught with a definite bias towards evolution as the way man has come about. In the biology class where I went to school was the poseter of the crawling monkey, semi upright monkey, the more erect monkey, the high standing hairy cave man, and finally the modern human. What the teacher failed to point out is that the pig is more similar in protein, tissue, and organ structure than what is taught to be our nearest related organisms (chimps, gorillas, etc). Do away with the man from monkey poster and simply teach the straight known facts about how DNA switches certain genes on and off, how when certain features are turned on, they can make an organism better adapted for a certain environment.

      Evolution is a process of change that allows organisms to adapt to their environment. DNA is remarkable code. Mankind is just beginning to similate such programming with techniques and methods such as neural nets and digital DNA. As remarkable as some of these programs have come to similating natural creatures and changing to adapt to specific situations, the programs are still written by man. Evolution occurs not only in living organisms, but it also occurs in language, geology, religion, etc. When many "fundies" argue against the existance of evolution, they are denying nature itself. What you and I disagree on is not evolution itself, but rather what started the process and who or what designed the process (if the process was designed at all.)

      As far as the intelligent design theory goes, why is it so harmful to state that some scientists and most creationalists believe that a certain power (whether a god, alien race, etc) created life on Earth at the very beginning. Although most biologists may disagree, there are some that believe it is mathmatically impossible to created such complex life forms that we have today in the estimated time Earth has existed. They believe that there was some outside influence. Teaching this could be done in a single class period. Doing this is not misrepresenting scientific facts at all.

      As far as you resenting Christmas (and Easter) more than I or not can neither be proven one way or another. You and I probably hate Christmas for mostly the same reasons. What you may want to do, if you have not already done so, is study the origin of Christmas and its customs. Christmas and Easter go against all logic and common sense. Many Christians may be shocked to know that neither is found in the Bible (at least until newer translations came out). It also has been a time of great danger to many of whom share the same beliefs as I do.

      While I am of Messianic Jewish faith, I do respect the beliefs of other faiths such as Islam, Christianity, Atheism, Hinduism, Buddism, etc. I also do not see the logic in newer translations of different writings that basically teach, "All people who do not believe exactly what this says is going to be tortured by fire for the countless billions of years to come." You are an Atheist because you have looked at information that is available to you and made a decision based on that information. If you are incorrect, it is because you have made your decision based upon incorrect information or the lack of certain information. If I am incorrect, it is because I have based my decision upon incorrect or missing information.

      Even though you and I respectfully disagree, we still respect each other's beliefs. I only wish that other people in this forum would do the same whether they believe in a "God," or not. The reason I used the term, "anti-religious nutbag," was t

  57. Freedom is not corporate exploitation. by sethstorm · · Score: 0, Troll

    Forbes
    Wasnt Forbes the one who released the study that stated it was permissible to drop quality by the wayside? Taking them seriously as an ethical entity becomes hard after seeing that one come out.

    1. Bill Gates
      Privledged silverspoon Harvardite that dropped out early. Maybe when there are universal, no-refusal (by any means, financial or otherwise) admissions to any university offered to multigenerational citizens of all backgrounds, followed up by a policy that you cannot be discriminated by your nonacademic conduct - then I'll take Harvard, Yale, Princeton and the ilk seriously. Otherwise they're just a bunch of schools to write off.

    2. Warren Buffet
    Midwestern oddity that somehow got here, and serves no real purpose outside of proving his lack of ethics. Safely ignored and shunned.

    4. Larry Ellison
    If you dont mind tons of bugs in the code, fine.


    7. Christy Walton
    8. Robson Walton
    10. Alice Walton

    The three bad apples who turned Walmart into China*Mart and would be better served to be deported. Since these three have done a 180 to the company in terms of ethics, maybe they'd be well served somewhere that they can regain that lost sense. Although I'd gladly accept a nice 90% bracket on their foreign assets crafted for entities such as them. Foreign asset loopholes need to be closed somehow.

    9. Michael Dell
    Deport this guy with the Waltons. 90% tax bracket on all foreign assets acceptable.

    So, about half the people on the list deservedly need to be respected for the way they came from humble beginnings to contribute so much.
    Apparently you dont get the point. They're just as guilty as the guy that's buried somewhere in Aspen. Respect for unethical entities just doesnt make any sense.

    And other half are due to Sam old man Walton who might have unceremoniously departed before he could have thought about charity or some other social contribution. But hey all the bucks that even he accumulated and left for his bounty litter, must be spent and given back to the society, or invested in it to make more of it, right?
    What part of ethics do you not understand?
    They're lost causes. The best you can do is put foreign assets in a 90% tax bracket, used in part to ramrod universal admissions to clean up their mess. Allowing a by-country exemption would just get them to set up fronts for companies that have abused their status.

    Is there a company that exists west of the Mississippi that's quite profitable, ethical, doesn't make a point to sell out to Asia and doesnt act like some exclusive university (yes Google, that's pointed towards you)? Or does ethics seem to be inversely proportional to profit?

    --
    Twitter supports and protects racists - by smearing their critics with the "Hate Speech" label.
    1. Re:Freedom is not corporate exploitation. by edgedmurasame · · Score: 1

      Apparently some would rather modbomb a solution than present their own.

      Forbes
      Wasnt Forbes the one who released the study that stated it was permissible to drop quality by the wayside? Taking them seriously as an ethical entity becomes hard after seeing that one come out.

      1. Bill Gates
          Silverspoon Harvardite that dropped out early. Maybe when there are universal, no-refusal (by any means, financial or otherwise) admissions to any university offered to multigenerational citizens of all backgrounds, followed up by a policy that you cannot be discriminated by your nonacademic conduct - then I'll take Harvard, Yale, Princeton and the ilk seriously. Otherwise they're just a bunch of schools to write off.


      7. Christy Walton
      8. Robson Walton
      10. Alice Walton

      Since these three have done a 180 to the company in terms of ethics, maybe they'd be well served somewhere that they can regain that lost sense. I'd gladly accept a nice 90% bracket on their foreign assets crafted for entities such as them. Foreign asset loopholes need to be closed somehow.


      9. Michael Dell

      There was a point where they crossed the ethics-profit line much like any other fast-growing company.

      So, about half the people on the list deservedly need to be respected for the way they came from humble beginnings to contribute so much.
      They're just outliers who eschewed ethics for profit.

      And other half are due to Sam old man Walton who might have unceremoniously departed before he could have thought about charity or some other social contribution. But hey all the bucks that even he accumulated and left for his bounty litter, must be spent and given back to the society, or invested in it to make more of it, right?

      What part of ethics do you not understand?

      They're lost causes. The best you can do is put foreign assets in a 90% tax bracket, used in part to fund universal admissions to clean up their mess. Allowing a by-country exemption would just get them to set up fronts for companies that have abused their status.

      --
      "Forget the engineers." -Carly Fiorina, briber of MIT Technology Review.
  58. Potential for Wikipedia? by Xybot · · Score: 1

    I'm not really up to date on the whole process of scientific publishing or peer review, but from glancing through the comments I got the impression that this whole process is similar to the peer review process that operates on Wikipedia. It seems that what is needed is a centralised service that accepts research for review and publication that is neutral and freely available, sounds like a Wiki to me? Is it just a case of kudos in the scientific community whereby a publication in a journal like Nature holds far more value even though the research in question may be no more thouroughly reviewed than if it was published in a Wiki? I find the situation now quite ironic, considering the early days of the internet where the majority of the content I could find from a text only lynx browser were scientific research papers.

    --
    God was my co-pilot, but then we crashed and I was forced to eat him.
    1. Re:Potential for Wikipedia? by devbiowonk · · Score: 1

      The problem with the "publish first and review later" model that quite a few people are putting forth is that this would make it impossible to sort through the sheer amount of information available. You have to do a ton of reading just to "stay current" with the literature and that is only what has been peer-reviewed and published. Imagine doing all of this reading and then having to keep in mind that it has not been reviewed and it could have been totally fabricated (I don't believe a lot of published reports anyways but that is a different debate) Like most scientists, I have been on both sides of the process, reviewing papers and publishing in Nature. It is a grueling process and what is does is serve to sort out the important findings from the spurious and the mundane. I do think that journals charge an exorbitant amount of money for access and I think it is funny that they make the authors pay publication costs. On the other hand we do need to have elite journals so that we do not spend all of our time reading articles rather than doing research! If you insist on open access you can always publish in PloS or in some hybrid form of PNAS. They are well respected and have decent impact ratings.

  59. Libraries cancelling subscriptions is main worry by Petronius+Arbiter · · Score: 3, Informative

    The publishers' real problem is not free journals, but rather libraries trying to stop paying the publishers' vastly increased charges. "Free journals" is merely the latest library tactic.

    Many librarians and researchers didn't start out caring about the principle of free journals. The publishers' greed forced it on them. Even major research libraries are cancelling subscriptions. The libraries are doing that because the journal prices have been increasing so fast. First the libraries tried switching from paper copies to online subscriptions. So the publishers raised the online prices. Further, the publishers bundled many journals together so that libraries could not cancel the least used titles. The libraries try to form consortia to share subscriptions, but the publishers' license terms stop that.

    Even "free" journals cost someone money. PLOS is quite expensive to publish in. Their model is charging the author not the reader.

    One factor driving rising journal prices is the increased concentration as big publishers like Elsevier buy their competitors. Some years ago, Elsevier stated their business model as, approximately, serving assistant profs trying to get tenure. In 2005, their profit was 655 million euros on income of 2097 million euros ( http://www.reed-elsevier.com/ ) That's not a bad profit margin.

    Journals are priced like drugs, at what the market is perceived to bear. That can be up to $2/page (w/o even any color) ( http://www.ams.org/membership/journal-survey.html )

    Journals are obsolete. They're slow to publish, rarely have color, don't have videos, etc. We academics publish in them because administrators use them to judge us. However, when we need something, we search the web, not the libraries. I put my own research first on the web, so that people can find it. Later I write papers.

    Finally, to respond to the comment that publicly funded work should be free: That would be nice, but there's a US law giving universities ownership in discoveries resulting from NSF-funded research. What do other countries do?

  60. I'd be opposed to this change by GreyFlcn · · Score: 2, Informative

    I'm opposed to this simply because I view it as an arguement to essentially dismantle peer review by flooding it with disinformation.

    As the article mentions, there are many organizations that don't like scientific information having consensus and respect.

    This is very clear by:
    1. The Forced ShutDown of EPA Libraries
    2. Scrapping the funding of the NASA earth program
    3. Censoring of the US Geological Survey

    _

    Whats more,
    The article mentions this guy is from an Exxon PR firm.
    A group which stands the most to gain from disinformation.

  61. All authors are suckers for publications. by Wolfier · · Score: 1

    There is a saying that, "In the academia, publication is the unit of currency."  This is especially true for the more prestigious journals - the more publications you have, the more important you are and by extension what you say will weigh more - if you're lucky enough you'll become more prestige, and join the "star club" - the "big names" in the field - who get to chair committees and have more say in journals, what gets published, etc.

    Thus a ladder of power is created for people to climb.  It's not hard to see how this power struggle feeds itself, just like the monetary system - just that it's "self-regulated" (read: unregulated)

    And it tends to (I've seen with my own eyes) encourage reviewers (who are academics themselves) to form mutual-support clans - you scratch my back, I scratch yours - as a result, when some reviewers review papers they ask "is it my friend?  is it in my clan?  does it kiss my ass?  does it attack my work?", which means a lot of good paper gets rejected and bad papers published.

    So far, this system has not broken down due to a few reasons:
    1. A few good people - who still do reviews on the merits of papers - who consider themselves to be "professors" thus a role model for their students.
    2. Someone who work their way up finally obtains a "god-like" reputation and at this point start to work on their karma - precisely because the reputation could be at stake and so many people are trying to replace you (beating the guy at the top means you'll be at the top instantly), so to say, the higher you are the more vulnerable you are.

    Since all systems tend to have flaws and this one seems to work, I don't see it going away.  However, this system does not require journals to be paid in order to be prestigious - as long as people still pay to attend conferences, I'm sure this system can survive without the publishers.

  62. /.-style moderation for papers - first results by Jesus_666 · · Score: 1

    On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies, A. Einstein (Score: -1, Offtopic)
    Does the Inertia of a Body Depend Upon Its Energy Content?, A. Einstein (Score: -1, Redundant)
    Transgressing the Boundaries: Towards a Transformative Hermeneutics of Quantum Gravity, A. Sokal (Score: 5, Insightful)

    --
    USE HOT GRITS WITH STATUE OF NATALIE PORTMAN (NAKED AND PETRIFIED)
  63. FUD by TaoPhoenix · · Score: 1

    What exactly is the difference between Uncertainty and Doubt?
    Uncertainty of events and Doubt of one's prospects?

    --
    My first Journal Entry ever, in 8 years! http://slashdot.org/journal/365947/aphelion-scifi-fantasy-horror-poetry-webzine
  64. AAP: Blacklisted. by wikinerd · · Score: 1

    Great. From now on AAP (Association of American Publishers) is on my black list of organisations that negatively affect social advances for their own bottom line instead of adapting and finding a way to profit in a changing social environment.

    There is nothing that wouldn't allow open-access journals to have peer-reviewed articles. In fact, peer review would work much better and more efficiently in an open access publication.

    I support the free information movement, as every individual untouched by greed should do. Information wants to be free, and a bunch of PR professionals and executives do not have the power to stop a social movement, especially in the age of the Internet.

  65. Some data on subscription costs by bishop's+farewell · · Score: 1
    These figures should put things in perspective:

    http://www.library.ucsf.edu/research/scholcomm/sti ckershock.html

    http://library.stanford.edu/scholarly_com/data/jnl _price.pdf

    This is an interesting discussion of the impact escalating scholarly journal prices:

    http://library.stanford.edu/scholarly_com/

  66. Nine Times by Mark_MF-WN · · Score: 1
    You know, nine times out of time, I'll back the free, democratic option. Free software, free art, free elections, etc.

    But there is one real world form of government that beats democracy, hands down -- the "enlightened dictatorship" (AKA, the meritocracy). Science is one of the few arenas where such a thing has been achieved, for the simple reason that there is no real way to achieve power and respect in the scientific community without producing real results that are genuinely meaningful. And that's what peer reviewed journals are all about.

    Granted, that system is expensive and not particularly fair. But it gets results in a big way. It evades most of the issues that come up when committees attempt to achieve consensus, because the folk at the top -- who actually know what they hell they're talking about -- get to rule with an iron hand. That's something that open, democratic systems can't match. That's why China's economy is spiralling upwards out of control while America's economy is spiralling downwards out of control: an enlightened dictatorship beats a democracy every time.

    ... it's just that you can't guarantee that a dictatorship will stay enlightened. Which is where democracy shows its true colours. Open, free, democratic systems can correct themselves, whereas when dictatorships go bad, they tend to die and take their neighbours out with them.

    (feel free to disregard this post entirely, informed as it was by two litres of wine and a sizeable quantity of toxic, recreational, and semi-legal alkaloids...)

  67. Except by Mark_MF-WN · · Score: 1

    Except that the people that discover things that saves lives actually DO get nothing more than a "hey thanks", and an off-chance of not being laid-off. The people that are already rich, and didn't do jack-shit other than harassing the scientists and techs, ultimately get all the rewards. The only real exceptions are the odd Nobel prize or having one's name appear in the field's textbooks.

    1. Re:Except by Sj0 · · Score: 1

      Funny how you never hear testimonials from all the people who prayed for miracles that never came...

      In grade 9, I prayed for a miracle that would let me pass all my courses.

      I didn't pass one.

      These days I grab my own destiny with both hands and leave God to the people who don't want to.

      --
      It's been a long time.
  68. Now we must watch out for. . . by Fantastic+Lad · · Score: 1
    another version of the infamous social engineering campaign used by the expensive P.R. companies.

    Step 1. Create a public news sensation using scientific data from a free source. (i.e. Something like Cold Fusion, but through a wiki)
    Step 2. Show scientists getting excited about information from free sources. Probably use a plant to get it started.
    Step 3. Slam dunk the game by having somebody "discover" that the data was faulty/stolen/dirty/evil etc., and blame it entirely on the free information movement.

    You KNOW they're thinking about this. The only thing which would stop them is lack of money and maneuvering room.

    You also know that everybody would fall for it.


    -FL

  69. OT: Aphex "watermark" by fmackay · · Score: 1

    I read an article about how The Aphex Twin hid his own face in a graphical display of his music.
    Here's a page about this. Note that this technique is clearly audible in the music, a "discordant, metallic scratching" according to this Wired article, so it wouldn't be suitable for watermarking. Supreme irony at the end of the Wired piece, BTW: "It doesn't sound a lot like music...[m]ore conventional artists like Britney Spears would have some trouble hiding this."
  70. Superb by Mark_MF-WN · · Score: 2, Insightful

    When the population of the United States was more "God fearing," it was a superb place to live.
    .... I'm absolutely stunned that anyone would say something so incredibly stupid, inane, and deeply deluded.

    When America was "god fearing", black people were lynched, homosexuals could be murdered without reprisal, spousal abuse was accepted as a matter of course, innocent people were burned as witches, slavery was tolerated, there was a civil war, women who were raped and became pregnant as a result were ostracized DESPITE HAVING DONE NOTHING WRONG, single mothers were the most reviled form of live on the entire planet, etc.

    Sorry, no sale. Everything in the past was ghastly and horrible. A small minority lived lives of comfort, but most people suffered tremendously. Today, thanks to the elimination of fairy tales from the public consciousness, millions and millions of people have rights and freedoms that they would have been denied in any previous age. Millions of people get treated with basic Human dignity, who would been have treated like lepers in the age of Christianity and the hate-mongering that has ALWAYS (without exception) accompanied it.

    Today, we don't have murderous inquisitions, we don't have witch burnings, homosexuals aren't murdered (other than in the ultra-religious south), blacks aren't hung for vaguely resembling a mistranslation of some gibberish in the book Genesis, single mothers receive at least a bit of support from the community (atheists, unlike Christians, believe that children deserve to live no matter who their parents are or aren't; before you disagree, note that the bible is VERY clear that children are damned for seven generations if their parents sin, and deserve to die if they are bastards; there isn't any ambiguity in the old testament on the subject at all).

    To quote a wiseman of the modern age:
    "People laughed at David Koresh for claiming to be the second coming of Christ. I laugh at Christians for worshipping the first coming of David Koresh." -- NegativePositive.

    1. Re:Superb by cyberscan · · Score: 1

      Where do you get your information?

      Yes bad things have happened throughout history. Many of the things you mentioned (except the lynching of blacks) was very infrequent. However the lynching of Blacks was apposed by many Christians both black and white. The abolition movent was largely made up of Christians. Many on the other side who wanted to hold onto discrimination were Christian as well. The race riot of Birmingham, mongomery, L.A. as well as other places had more to do with politics rather than religion.

      Anti-faith nutbags always like to assume that Christians are hate mongering, cave dwelling dimwits with no compassion. I am a non-Christian who happens to live in a predominate Southern Christian community, and I have been treated well by my neigbors. Christian and people of other faiths tend to UPHOLD human dignity rather than destroy it. As far as murders and lynchings go, you can only look towards the atheistic organizations such as Planned Parenthood as well as others who got court rulings passed that have since permitted the deaths of MILLIONS. Even a pro Darwinist organization (National Geographic Society) will show that this is the case. In a recent series, "In the Womb" they show how preborn babies play, fight, and touch their prebord siblings. Yet under court rulings, these babies can be killed with near impunity.

      Yes, America had slavery, but many of the people who worked to abolish slavery were Christians or people of other faiths. Why do I stick up for Christians? Because I believe that most of them are getting a bum rap. Even though slavery has been officially banned, it still exists todayin a different form. As our rights have been taken away and the protections of sovereignty been done away, many, many people work for near slave wages. I know many people who once have had plenty but are now up to their ass in debt. Many of these people live paycheck to paycheck and are only a major car repair away from homelessness. As atheism, porn, drugs, etc have been glorified, these things have infected the once Christian community in which I lived. Where people have never had to lock their doors, it is foolish for them not to any more. As far as religous zealotry being responsible for the deaths of million, this is true. However, the recent existance of atheistic governments have been responsible for millions of deaths as well.

      As far as Christians hating Blacks, you are right to point out that some denominations actually preached against Blacks being equal. However, many others preached equality. I came to the United States in the early 70's and spent most of my life here living in the South. With few exceptions, people treated us very kindly even though we were non-Christian foreigners. There was still freedom of religon in schools. Although I was uncomfortable during Christmastime, I never felt threatened. It is when people try to force their will on others that the "shit hits the fan." To tell you the truth, I have more to fear from the likes of you than I do from the Christians. When we first move to the South, people came over and helped us get set up. They helped us fix our home and car. If needed, they would have even fed us. All of this was done voluntarily and not because some nutbag had it mandated by law. Unless taught differently by the government, people generally do not hurt those who are different.

      Most of my friends are Christian, but I have friends of other faiths as well. These Christians have put up and endured assaults on their faith, moral values and culture by agencies that they are forced to support via their tax dollars. I thought that government was not allowed to get involved with religion one way or another. Schools today are not only non-religious, they also in many cases actually teach against belief in a Supreme Creator. I recently moved to a community where Chrisitanity is still widespread. They still open county commission meetings with prayer and say the Pledge of Allegence. Business is done cordially. I

    2. Re:Superb by Mark_MF-WN · · Score: 1
      Christians ARE dimwits. What other word can you use to describe people that believe things that aren't true?

      A simple test: the bible says, and I quote,

      "Ask, and it will be given you; seek, and you will find; knock, and it will be opened to you. For every one who asks receives, and he who seeks finds, and to him who knocks it will be opened." -- Matthew 7:7,

      "For truly, I say to you, if you have faith as a grain of mustard seed, you will say to this mountain, 'Move from here to there,' and it will move; and nothing will be impossible to you." -- Matthew 17:20,

      "Therefore I tell you, whatever you ask for in prayer, believe that you have received it, and it will be yours." -- Mark 11:24,

      "Truly, truly, I say to you, he who believes in me will also do the works that I do; and greater works than these will he do, because I go to the Father. Whatever you ask in my name, I will do it, that the Father may be glorified in the Son; if you ask anything in my name, I will do it." -- John 14:12-14,

      "Again I say to you, if two of you agree on earth about anything they ask, it will be done for them by my Father in heaven. For where two or three are gathered in my name, there am I in the midst of them." -- Matthew 18:19,

      "And the prayer offered in faith will make the sick person well; the Lord will raise him up. If he has sinned, he will be forgiven. Therefore confess your sins to each other and pray for each other so that you may be healed. The prayer of a righteous man is powerful and effective." -- James 5:15-16.

      And yet, you can go to any hospital in the western world and find deeply faithful, god-fearing men and women dying and in pain. Their prayers accomplish nothing other than to provide a very, very meagre placebo effect. Jesus didn't promise a mild placebo effect -- he promised MIRACLE CURES. He promised that you could literally move mountains by faith alone.

      Deep down, everyone knows that prayer is bullshit. The bible says that prayer works, so the bible is bullshit. And if Jesus really lived and really said these things, then he was a liar, and was completely full of shit. Christians are aware that the bible says this, and that their brethren do NOT have their prayers answered. For example, hundreds of thousands of Jehovah's Witnesses -- who are the most true and faithful Christians on Earth -- died in the Nazi concentration camps. Their prayers for God's help fell on deaf or absent ears. Christians know this, and yet delude themselves about the power of prayer and the validity of the bible anyway. That makes them dimwitted retards that are too stupid to be entrusted to leave their homes, let alone to have jobs and driver's license and guns.

      Sorry, Christianity doesn't get a pass anymore than paganism, astrology, crystal-healing, or any of the other ridiculous moronic fantasies that people refuse to let die.

    3. Re:Superb by cyberscan · · Score: 1

      You are indeed one of these nutbags. I't is amazing how people like you take things so far out of context. What do you thing? You think that God is supposed to be you personal servant and be at your beck and call while you do exactly what you want to do and say to him, "Fuck you?" That is that attitude that many people like you and, unfortunately most Christian have. These include those who have the bumper stickers that say "God is my Co-pilot." If God is truly whom they want to serve, the sticker would read "God IS THE PILOT."

      You blame god, the Bible or whatever as being a liar and false when you take things completely out of context. Try reading theparts of it where it says, if you hate my law and refuse to obey My commandments, your prayers will be an abominationto me. Or the conditions and proper state of mind that is required to have prayers answered.

      A simple test: the bible says, and I quote,

      "Ask, and it will be given you; seek, and you will find; knock, and it will be opened to you. For every one who asks receives, and he who seeks finds, and to him who knocks it will be opened." -- Matthew 7:7,
      Do you even have an inkling of an idea what "it" is? You obviously do not!!!

      Before you go calling Cchristians, "idiots or dimwits," maybe you ought to get some idea of what the f*** you are talking about. BTW, I am not a Christian, and I do not agree with many of their teachings, but I also wish that those who start calling people names to at least get some inking of an idea what they are talking about. When I use the term anti-religous nutbags, I was not talking about Atheists in general, but rather about the morons who can't stand those who believe differently or at least have some respect for other points of view. I am debating an Atheist in another thread, and he (or she) is at least respectful ofothers and makes intelligent posts.

  71. We're doomed by Ingolfke · · Score: 1

    From the article, Dezenhall said "Media messaging is not the same as intellectual debate".

    He is right. In a society with a government of the people, by the people, and for the people... stating that the common form of communication is not logical, rational, or about truth is damning. Unless people start thinking we're fucked.

  72. And the time it takes to get something published ! by noddyxoi · · Score: 1

    And the time it takes to get something published is ridiculous ! Take the following example from http://hri.iit.tsukuba.ac.jp/tchri Important Dates: June 1, 2006: Call for Papers September 30, 2006: Deadline for Paper Submission February 28, 2007: Completion of First Review June 30, 2007: Completion of Final Review December 2007 (tentative): Publication So i get to wait 5 months until i known the article gets reviewed . If it's ok it gets published in 1.5 years after submission ?!?!?! If it doesn't get published i still lost 5 months with my work idleing, because i compromised to just publish to that journal ! In http://boost.org/ they peer review c++ libraries in 1 month tops ! I get to face the reviewers and reply their quesions, the reviewers are not anonymous also !

  73. Accepted with revisions by Per+Abrahamsen · · Score: 1

    > I think the real problem is that peer review happens before publication, not after.

    Very few peer-reviews results in the paper being accepted "as is". The paper is usually "accepted with major revisions", or if the paper is very good, "with minor revisions". Even though we always curse the "stupid reviewers" for the additional work, the truth is that these revisions tend to improve the articles significantly. If the reviewer, usually a seasoned scientist, had trouble seeing understanding some point in the original paper, other readers will as well.

  74. Being somewhat sarcastic by benhocking · · Score: 1

    I wouldn't really consider it a racket, either. It just appears that way when you frame it a certain way.

    --
    Ben Hocking
    Need a professional organizer?
  75. Disclosure to Tax-Payers? by mikeron · · Score: 1

    Let me first state that I am approaching this from the direction of math and physics, hence the problems in other fields of research are not addressed. I trawl the arXiv daily, looking for interesting material, and I absolutely love being able to download preprints for free. However, so much of the tax-funded work out there is inaccessible to the average citizen who can't shell out $800-$1500 per journal. When a researcher is working at a public university, using government grants, their output should be freely and easily accessible, period. Unfortunately, the system of publishing currently in place is an archaic relic from days of yore, when everyone doing science had "Sir" in front of their names.

  76. IEEE charge like wounded bulls too... by Goonie · · Score: 1

    I fail to see how IEEE doesn't make a profit, given the amount they charge for institutional subscriptions to their journal archive...

    --

    Any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from a rigged demo
    --Andy Finkel (J. Klass?)
  77. Moral values by wytcld · · Score: 1

    I believe in a supreme creator and have moral values.

    Why do you lump these together? Seriously. There are large differences between American states regarding what proportion of their population considers themselves believers in a supreme creator. Yet by any standard measure of the morality of behavior, the states where the largest proportion believes in a supreme creator are also the states with the highest incidence of immoral behavior, including domestic abuse, divorce, alcoholism, prostitution, and even abortion. While certainly some who profess belief in a supreme creator are moral, given someone at random who does, and someone at random who doesn't, we're more likely to find moral behavior from the person who doesn't. The lowest divorce rates, for instance, are in the disproportionately-athiestic New England states, whereas the highest rates are in the true-believing states of the deep South.

    If your argument is from morality, and we look at the true distribution of moral behavior in a dispassionate, scientific way, then we have to at least consider the proposition that causing people to doubt the existence of a supreme creator will lead to an increase in the average level of morality from them. Of course, it may not - it could be that the correlation works the other way around, and that there is something about "naturally" moral people that leads them to doubt a supreme creator, but that doubting a supreme creator, for those who lack this something, fails to result in an increase in morality. As posters here never tire of saying, correlation is not causation.

    --
    "with their freedom lost all virtue lose" - Milton
    1. Re: Moral values by Black+Parrot · · Score: 1

      > The lowest divorce rates, for instance, are in the disproportionately-athiestic New England states, whereas the highest rates are in the true-believing states of the deep South.

      Very likely the latter (and several of the previously mentioned "domestic abuse, divorce, alcoholism, prostitution, and even abortion") isn't so much because the South is more religious per se, but rather because people in the South tend to subscribe to the more patriarchical flavors of religion.

      --
      Sheesh, evil *and* a jerk. -- Jade
    2. Re: Moral values by cyberscan · · Score: 1

      There are three types of lies: Lies, damned lies, and statistics.

      While many people who calculate statistics are honest hardworking people, they quite often fail to see other factors involved when making calculations. Some of these includes how the transient and migratory populations are counted, the ease and availability ofobtaining drugs and liquor, etc. The South with its warm weather makes it easier to grow illicit crops such as marijuana. Also with its close proximity to the Carribean and latin American countries, it has become a conduit for the traffick of illegal drugs. I would tend to factor in such things as the availibility, cost, and advertisement of products to which people become addicted. Other factors include stressors such as economy, etc. In fact I know many, many families who have gottendivorces, and most of them are not members or any Church, Synagogue, Mosque, or other temple or are simply token believers. Inother cases only onespouse was a believer. The families I know in which both parents are believers in their faith, I have seen verylittle divorce. When I talk about believe, I'm not talking about someone who gets their information from a pulpit, but rather someone who spends hours a week reading or studying the Bible, Tanak, or even the Q'ran.

      Yes, I agree with you that divorce, alcoholism, and drugaddiction rates are higher in the South where there are more believers. However this can be explained by a number of factors most likely not taken into proper consideration. Culture shck is another factor that should not be taken lightly. Things are very different here in the South compared to what they were even 10 to 20 years ago. Most people here dispite what you may have read orbeen told are not that extremely religous. Have you even though that maybe people in New England are better able to cover uptheirproblems? In densely populated areas, people are able to travel via public transportation, therefore drunks who use such public transportation are not as likely to be stopped for drunk driving. Therefore this may be a factor in DUIrates. In the South, areas tend to be more sparsely populated, therefor people who are drunk, tend to drive while drunk simply because there are fewer options. I only wonder how many of these factors are taken into account, how much these things count in coming up with the statistics, etc.

      Another way to look at this is the statistic the Christians tend to vote Republican more than democrat. is this because Republicans tend to vote family values or vote in things Christians want, or is it because the Republican Party spends much more time marketing itself to the Christians? The same thing goes for the Democrats. If the Democratic Party continued to vote the way it currently does now but decided to spend as much time, money, and effort amrketing itself to the Christians, we would in time tend to believe that Christians tended to be democratic. Statistics in many cases can be skewed intentionally or unintentionally to support a certain position. It is done all of the time.

      I do agree that clannish congregations, cronyism in governemnt and business is not a good thing. Even though I have had good relations with most Christians, I also once been discriminated against simply because Iam not a Christian. Even counting the time I was discriminated against, I still believe that the U.S. is better as a whole because of Christianity and Bible belief. This country was founded mainly by Christians seeking religous freedom. A Majority of our Founding Fathers were Christian orotherwise believe in the Creator. The Declaration of Independence is evidence of this. Unfortunately, this country now has a vocal group of atheists who are FORCING their beliefs on the people at taxpayer expense. Each year, it seems to get worse and worse. Those who are atheists, you will likely continue to win approval for more and more deviant behavor. History will be a witness against atheists whocontinue to force their doctrine on the population. Sin

  78. slightly different perspective by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Hello,

    I've never posted here before, so this may end up being a bad idea, but the topic (and responses) were compelling.

    I work at a decent-sized medical journal (distribution over 16,000), and the issue of open access is seemingly omnipresent, and certainly something we try to address. Unfortunately, I believe it is not as cut and dry an issue as many of the posters here would like to believe, and it is a shame to see considered arguments thrown out in favor of comments about Orwell and the hope that "these guys die in a fire" (seriously, wtf?).

    I agree with the underlying assumption of open access supporters, namely that information (especially the potentially life-saving kind) deserves to be widely and freely disseminated. However, as the cliche goes, free is never truly "free." Editing, publishing, distributing - all of these processes cost money. Even online publication requires funding. PLOS, which has been presented by several here as an ideal model, relies on grant money and hefty fees charged to its authors.

    The subscription model certainly has its limitations, but I think a compromise solution would work better in the long run than completely abandoning something that has worked for many years. I'd point to some of the steps my association has taken: making back issues available online at no cost, offering free subscriptions to individuals and orgs in developing countries (both through HINARI and our own program), putting critical news online for free, working with the NIH on adding government-funded research to their databases, and more. We even have a feature on our website where anyone can access any article if they click a button that says something to the effect of "this is relevant to my situation" (designed so non-members can access information that might help them or a loved one).

    I offer this as evidence that journals are not the money-grubbing evil empires that many here have seemingly misconstrued them as. Rather, they're simply trying to get the best science out in the best way possible (pretty much the same aim as open access advocates).

    Also, on a slight tangent: comments to the effect of "Quality control of the information collection is done by peer reviewers (who really do it for free), not by publishers, who only exist because it was necessary in the past for someone to organize all the communication, printing and distribution" display a certain arrogance or ignorance that tends to annoy people like me, the lowly "middle-man." In my experience at my office, I've learned that there are an alarming amount of people in the scientific community who A) think putting out a publication is as easy as hitting some magic "print" button, and B) can't write for shit. Grammar, spelling, so much of it is so atrocious that it makes me wonder whether the author is really that illiterate of if he just doesn't care. Either way, the people charged with putting out the information (whether they're doing editorial tasks, or laying out the information, or illustrating charts, or coding/maintaining a web site, etc) do play a vital role in ensuring what goes out is good material, and will continue to do so - arguing that "organizing communication" is a skill relegated to the history books seems to run completely contrary to reality, and is completely negated by the fact that the comment was posted on a Web site that does exactly that.

    Ok, that's my speech. Thanks.

  79. Only the publishers get paid by J.R.+Random · · Score: 1

    With scientific journals the authors don't get paid (often they are asked to cough up fees to the journal for publishing it). The referees don't get paid either. The only one who gets paid is the publisher. So there's no reason to believe that moving on to a free, online publication would cause any loss in the quality of the submissions or of the referee process.

    And that bit about how free publications will be censored by the government -- is anyone stupid enough to fall for that? If the government wants to censor something (say, for national security reasons, or because Bush, Cheney, & Michael Crichton disagree with the results) it will be censored just as easily in a for profit journal.

  80. Two types of publishers by Petronius+Arbiter · · Score: 1

    I forgot to mention something relevant that is known to all academics but apparently unknown to many /. readers.

    There are two types of publishers: for-profit and non-profit. The for-profit publishers are commercial corporations like Elsevier. They, as is their duty to their shareholders, charge what the market will bear, do everything they can to jack up their prices, etc. One for-profit journal might cost an individual $200/year; while a library would pay $500-$1000/year or more. All numbers are approximate.

    The non-profits are the professional societies like IEEE. In the US, a non-profit organization is allowed the privilege of being a non-profit in return for providing some benefit to society. IEEE's income is membership fees (I pay IEEE $200/year incl some journals), conference registration fees (perhaps $200/day), journal subscriptions ($40-$100/year), and misc. The professional societies set the prices just high enough to break even (and pay overhead). That's a totally different philosophy.

    Even a narrow field may have 10 relevant journals. If your work is interdisciplinary, then there may be 30 journals (and many conferences) that occasionally publish something interesting. Everyone is starting new journals.

    While both classes of journals are technically obsolete, only the for-profit journals' prices are breaking the libraries' budgets. First the smaller colleges like RPI got hit. (RPI cancelled most of its print journals and is now cancelling many of its online subscriptions.) However even Stanford, Cornell, etc, are now feeling the pinch. The current solution for the poorer libraries is to pay for any individual articles that researchers ask for. In response, the commercial publishers may now charge $20 for one article, and that's rising.

    As a researcher, I feel it my moral duty to support the society journals whenever possible. However, sometimes the publishers' journals are excellent. There's a feedback loop here. A journal is defined to be good if papers (mostly in other journals) cite its papers. Therefore people want to publish there, so its editors get to select the best, etc. This is related to the concept that sometimes the best SW for a particular app is commercial.

    More tidbits:

    In at least two recent cases, the complete board of editors of a for-profit journal have gotten so angry at their own journal's price (set by the publisher) that they've quit en masse and formed a competing non-profit journal.

    For-profit publishers can be sensitive on this topic. Around 1994, Gordon & Breach sued the American Institute of Physics and American Physical Society for publishing a survey showing that their journals were among the most expensive. AIP/APS won. See http://barschall.stanford.edu/index.html

    There are many online stories about this. Librarians have been debating it for more than 10 years now. Here is one ref: http://www.dlib.org/dlib/march01/frazier/03frazier .html

    My own feeling: It's time for a reorganization of the whole higher-ed and research system. Abstractly, things have never been better (in many fields of CS). I can do research on a laptop; I can learn what a researcher in Tasmania is doing from his website. However, the institutional system is more and more obsolete and irrelevant, and indeed, more and more, hindering progress.

  81. Before dipping into discussion by mapkinase · · Score: 1

    What is modern science about? It is about names and brands.

    Journals and scientists is nothing more than business of marketing. The larger name or brand you got (Cell or Schoen) the better you are off.

    Name supposed to be reflecting scientific contribution of the person and brand supposed to be reflecting scientific contribution of the journal.

    They are not. Period. Why do people do science? To publish, to get a name, ????, profit. Why people do peer-reviewing? To get influence (that is one side of the name). Why people go to the conference? To market their name.

    The true and utter revolution in science will be complete anonimity of the scientist. Only very restricted group of people should be able to access databases linking scientific results to their authors. Chief editors, heads of the grant committee.

    N91324542435 submits a grant proposal listing hugely successful papers

    N3241234,
    N43523452435 and
    N234234. The papers secretly linked to the author, but very few people know who he actually is or where he lives.

    THAT will eliminate nepotism and cronyism existing in modern science.

    THe numbers mentioned are randomly generated so there is absolutely no longevity of the number except through the scope of the current grant or paper.

    This is not how it is doen. When I review a paper, I know that bustard Smith or charming Waterman wrote it and that affects me whether I want it or not.

    On the conferences the results and discussion should be presented by randomly generated avatars (ala ananova).

    After that there will be no single person doing research for brand recognition.

    --
    I do not believe in karma. "Funny"=-6. Do good and forbid evil. Yours, Oft-Offtopic Flamebaiting Troll.
  82. Misinformation about the peer review process by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Just to correct some of the misinformation in some of the comments I've read. I'm a peer reviewer for both for-profit and non-profit journals, and the process is the same across the board.

    Reviewers do not have access nor are given access to who the authors of a paper or study are. This is one effort to minimize 'friend/enemy' bias in the review. While for some very small, eclectic fields, one could guess at who the author was, for 80-90% of the field, this blind review process works.

    Peer-review is "free," in that reviewers (at least for all the publications I've reviewed for) are not compensated for their work in reviewing the studies submitted. This is sometimes fairly substantial work on the part of the reviewer which could account for hours of the reviewer's time. In both publishing models (PLoS and traditional), reviewers aren't compensated.

    So the cost of publishing a paper-based journal is fairly well understood. It costs money to regularly publish paper-based publications such as a journal, newsletter, or book. For journals that accept advertising, the subscription cost can be lowered since there's another revenue source for publication.

    For a journal like PLoS, one has to wonder where the $2500 author submission fee goes. The FAQ on the website doesn't really answer the question -- why does it cost so much when all of your processes are online and done virtually? If you say something like "software," realize that supposedly their software is open source (or open source based, although you can't get it anywhere from them). They say this is what it costs to run the organization, but to me it seems like just a way of pushing off the costs of publication from one source to another (subscriber to author). I'm not sure that's a good thing or not, since that actually distributes the cost among fewer people. Time will tell whether the market agrees or not, but given initial reaction to PLoS, it looks like it's the model of the future.

  83. Re:Psudo Science by Technician · · Score: 1

    The point here is that there are money-grubbing scientists. It's not just the Republicans any more.

    I'm skeptical of anything that breaks the known limits.. Especialy that which is a little shakey on the measurements and make wild clains.

    Do a Google search for free enerty. There are mechanical driven water heaters with over unity effeciency, and the well covered hydrogen cell using stainless steel cylinders. It's free power from water or magnets or some other over unity effeciency device.

    I'll stick with peer review and repeatability before I bite on these wild claims. Most of the time I look these up to keep up with the latest snake oil investments that need funding and will have a production model in 5-10 years.

    I like the water friction water heater and it's over unity claims and the fire department that bought it as scientific proof of it producing more BTU's out then are put in. It's a little lacking on volume of water, temprature rise, Joules in - Joules out.. These are the numbers that have to be carefully and accurately measured and repeated by peers. Until then, it's another snake oil salesman.

    --
    The truth shall set you free!
  84. Public access equals government censorship by Master+of+Transhuman · · Score: 1

    Right.

    This fits right in with the rest of the Bush administration's approach:

    1) Democracy means we kill you.

    2) Birth control means abstinence.

    3) Secrecy means protection.

    4) Surveillance means freedom.

    5) The Constitution doesn't support habeus corpus.

    6) The Constitution means "I'm the Decider."

    Before the Bush shills complain that nothing in the article refers to Bush, the bottom line is: this is the corporate world's (not to say human) basic attitude, and Bush merely represents that attitude. So there is nothing different between the publishers trying to limit access and Bush's political behavior.

    It's the same mind-set: The "Enemy" is everybody but me.

    --
    Richard Steven Hack - This sig is TOO GODDAMN SHORT TO DO ANYTHING USEFUL WITH! MORONS!
  85. Re:Psudo Science by PopeRatzo · · Score: 1

    You couldn't be more right, Technician. The peer review process is one of the great institutions of civilization. It's survived generations of corner-cutters trying to game the system. It's scary to see zealots and fanatics trying to undermine it in order to advance their whacky agendas - religious or financial. Whenever I hear about how there's a conspiracy to keep creationists and global warming deniers out of peer journals, I shudder. Anybody who says that is attacking one of the foundations of our civilization, not just science.

    --
    You are welcome on my lawn.
  86. PLOS is Peer reviewed by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    This article smacks of propoganda... the way its written, you might assume that journals like PLoS (Public Library of Science) are not Peer reviewed. However PLoS is peer reviewed and on top of that it has a fairly high impact factor in the scientific community.

  87. Hate by Mark_MF-WN · · Score: 1
    Hate God? I don't hate God any more than I hate Zeus or Ra. Hating imaginary things is the sign of a broken, delusional mind.

    As for God being my servant? Of course not. But there are Christians in the world who do follow the commandments, who do believe in Jesus with all their hearts, and who are veritable paragons of faith. Their prayers go just as unanswered as mine did. NO prayers get answered, except in so far as is consistent with random chance. Prayer doesn't pass the muster of even the weakest statistical tests. You're better off betting on horse races. I'd say that pretty much shuts the book on Christianity.

    Only a fool respects all other points of view. Many points of view aren't deserving of respect. For example, believing in astrology (which is provably wrong), believing in crystal healing (also provably wrong), believing in the power of prayer (provably wrong, which simultaneously disproves the word of the bible completely), the mythology of the bible (there was provably no flood, no exodus, no wandering the desert, no series of wars to conquer Israel, and no king David).

    You might think this is just random, undirected crankiness, but this really is something that people have looked into and researched extensively. Consider even this site: Why Wont God Heal Amputees. The bible doesn't say that prayer will make you go to heaven, it says that the prayers of the faithful will HEAL THE FUCKING SICK. Yet the sick are unhealed.

    There isn't a single example in all of Human history of ANYONE -- no matter how faithfully they or their family or their church prayed -- regrowing an amputated limb. Ever. Therefore, the bible lied, Jesus lied, Christianity is a false religion. QED.

    1. Re:Hate by cyberscan · · Score: 1

      For your information, many scientists have statistically proven that prayer increases healing rates. I have personally known where prayer cured a woman of schizophrenia. I have known this woman for about 12 years, she was put on a prayer list and was cured within a week. This did not happen in an organized corporate church, but rather in a home congregation. Have your parents or government ever said no to you? Of course.

      "There isn't a single example in all of Human history of ANYONE -- no matter how faithfully they or their family or their church prayed -- regrowing an amputated limb."

      Like how would you know? You have been alive for less than 100 years. There have been outside writings verifying some of the miricles of the Messiah (whose name btw was not originally Jesus but rather Yeshua). Maybe if people rid themselve of vain traditions of man and actually do what scripture says, there may be more healing. Being faithful does not just mean going to church twice a week and saying prayers at nighttime. It means much much more. I am not even a Christian, and yet, I know that much.

      "..........believing in the power of prayer (provably wrong, which simultaneously disproves the word of the bible completely), the mythology of the bible (there was provably no flood, no exodus, no wandering the desert, no series of wars to conquer Israel, and no king David). "

      You might want to check the reliability of where you are getting your so-called "proof."

  88. Healing by Mark_MF-WN · · Score: 1
    The small improvement in healing rate associated with prayer is INDISTINGUISHABLE from the placebo effect. Whether they person is actually being prayed for makes no difference, but it doesn't work on atheists. This directly contradicts the account in the bible, in which people who did NOT have faith in Jesus, and even pagans in some case, were healed. The bible says that what matters in the faith of the person who prays. The placebo affect, as measured in the scientific studies that you so pathetically mention, depends on the faith of the patient. You can get exactly the same effect with sugar pills, meditation, positive thinking, or giving the doctors and nurses extra-clean uniforms and keeping the hospital looking clean. Science: 1, God: 0.

    Like how would you know? You have been alive for less than 100 years.
    Turn that one around, and YOU have just successfully disproven Christianity. Heh. Seriously though -- if it had ever happened, someone would have written it down, right? I mean, that would be a really big deal. And yet there isn't a single historical account, let alone one within the 400 years since the Copernican revolution.

    Maybe if people rid themselve of vain traditions of man and actually do what scripture says, there may be more healing.
    So prayer doesn't work unless EVERYONE is good and faithful? Now YOU are contradicting the bible. I can be as evil as I want, I can organize satanic parades every Friday, I can eat babies and murder saints, and that doesn't make a single lick of difference in whether YOUR prayers should work. Yet if I cut off your arm, IT WILL NOT GROW BACK. If I cut off the Pope's arm, IT WILL NOT GROW BACK. No one's arm ever grows back, ever. No matter of prayer will help -- and you know that.

    Israeli archaeologists actually go out and look for the remnants and signs of the events that occurred in the bible. Guess what? There's no evidence for any of them. Most archaeologists who've studied the middle east are in agreement that there was no Hebrew monarchy, and that the ancient Jews got started not as nomads but as a cult in an already settled region. That's what the real-world research has concluded. The bible is as reliable as greek mythology, norse mythology, egyptian mythology, or Grimm's Fairytales. Archaeological evidence is substantially better, being based, you know, on observable facts. Not unlike the observable fact that the amputated limbs of truly holy, faithful men are just as impossible to regrow as the limbs of sinners, despite any amount of prayer whatsoever.

    Schizophrenia going away isn't particularly unusual. It's an unpredictable, transient disorder. Metastasized tumours the size of grapefruits (including the tumours of atheists) will occasionally go away spontaneously. Conversely, if your prayer group were to pray for a child's amputated arm to grow back, nothing would happen. Schizophrenia clears up coincidentally all the time. Limbs never do (which makes them the ideal test of the power of prayer). Most people with schizophrenia don't recover, even with prayer. I had three entire congregatons at three very different Christian churches praying for me, plus my entire extended family praying for me to this very day. It has never done a single bit of good. If anything, the false hope it provided made me wait for things to improve, rather than taking actionl The only thing that has ever helped was turning my back on God and putting my life into MY hands, putting faith in MYSELF, turning to my OWN skills and abilities for salvation. When you finally say "Fuck God" and start living for this life, you can actually accomplish things in the world; you can get out there and help yourself and those around you.

    Read that website I linked: This page in particular will make it very clear to you. It explains about coincidences in clear, unambiguous language that even a theist can understand, should they be willing to engage in some basic reasoning.

    1. Re:Healing by cyberscan · · Score: 1

      "Israeli archaeologists actually go out and look for the remnants and signs of the events that occurred in the bible. Guess what? There's no evidence for any of them"

      Actually, yes there is EVIDENCE. I have seen for myself the balls of sulfur from the vally Shinar (where Sedem and Amorrah were). Modern science has noexplaination of why these ball are found only in that area. I have also seen the crossing point over the Sea of Reeds where the Israelites crossed over to escape the Egyptions. Even Assyrian writings speak of many of the event listed in the Bible.

      If and when a piece of evidence supporting the Bible is found great amount of time and effort are spent trying to prove that such evidence has been faked (yes a lot has). I am willing to bet that unless a piece of evidence that supposedly refutes the Bible is shown to be an obvious fake, it is accepted with no where near the same level of scruteny.

      "The only thing that has ever helped was turning my back on God and putting my life into MY hands, putting faith in MYSELF, turning to my OWN skills and abilities for salvation. When you finally say "Fuck God" and start living for this life, you can actually accomplish things in the world; you can get out there and help yourself and those around you."

      If that works for you, then by all means go ahead. I would not try to stop you, but don't impose your will on others. I have had a different experience. I have used my skills and depended on myself for many years . Every time I take a stepforward, something would occure that would knock me back. I even "went to Christian churches and prayed" for answers, and the same thing happened. However, when I started doing what it says to do in the Bible, things changed for the better. The Bible has advice on finances, planting, homebuilding, how to raise children, etc. After aout 6 months of actually trying to obey the Bible things have started toi change for the better. I quit my job because I couldn't get off on the Sabbath (I ended up with a much better paying and more enjoyable job). I refrained from financing things I wanted and waited until I save up money (Biblical Advice), and now I am almost complately debt free. I also own nearly 30 acres, and I aam able to work from home. Yes, my life is much better taking advice from the Bible. I believe in YHWH and use my skills and abilities to help others and build a life (which is in no contradiction to scripture). Sitting on one's ass and not doing anything to help ones self is against advice in the Bible.

      BY the way, I'm not a theist. I do not worship Theos.

      The Bible does not work for anyone unless they practice what it says to do, even when it is not immediately convenient to do so. Most people who "believe in the Bible" would not quit a job to keep from violating one of the teachings therein. The error of most people to "play church" is doing teachings that are convenient and ignoring or finding excuse not to do the rest. They then wonder why their faith is no good. The members of the congregation I attend have improve financially, spiritually and mentally.

      I'm am telling you this not in the hopes of trying to "convert" or "save" you, but rather that there is more than one way to look at a situation. Like I said, if you enjoy "living without God," by all means DO SO. However you have no right to IMPOSE the same on others. The United States was founded on the principle of freedom of religion as well as frredom from religion. You only have to look at the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution to see this. You are free to disbelieve certain things, and I do not have any right to force you to believe the things I believe. You also HAVE NO RIGHT to force your beliefs on me. Most anti-religious nutbags want to do that vary thing. Forcing Bible believing people to support things like abortion, man comes from monkeys, subsidising homosexual unions, etc is imposing "anti-God" thinking onto people and denying them the freedom of religion and conscience.

    2. Re:Healing by Mark_MF-WN · · Score: 1
      Impose it on others? What on earth are you talking about? Where did I say to ban religion? All I'm doing is using one of the freedoms that you pay lip-service to -- the freedom to tell others the truth.

      And you still haven't addressed the glaring contradiction between the bible's claims of cures for faithful and the complete absence of most types of miracle cures, other than those that would have happened anyway regardless of faith.

      And this -- "The Bible has advice on finances, planting, homebuilding, how to raise children, etc" -- this is just as much an argument in favour of Buddhism or Confucianism as it an argument in favour of Christianity. MOST of the old religions were designed to get people to do things that just happen to useful, particularly in the environments in which those people lived. It's the presence of advice that ISN'T usefull -- like stoning rape victims and murdering your children if they misbehave -- that proves the bible is as stupid as any other ancient mythology. Circumcision, for example, which the bible ORDERS people to do, is great for maintaining personal hygiene if you happen to live in an arid environment. But if you live in a land like ours, where water and soap are cheap and abundant, circumcision becomes an extremely stupid idea that bears a slight risk of causing death and makes life less enjoyable for men.

      Besides, you DON'T live by the bible. You pick and choose which things to obey, just like every hypocrite.

      Do you ...

      To summarize: you're stupid and I hate you. You believe stupid things, you're a hypocrite, and if you actually obeyed the bible you'd be in jail the next day (and rightly so, since you'd be a raving sociopathic murderer).
  89. You're an Idiot by cyberscan · · Score: 1

    Stupid idiots cannot be reason with , but I will try one more time:

    "And you still haven't addressed the glaring contradiction between the bible's claims of cures for faithful and the complete absence of most types of miracle cures, other than those that would have happened anyway regardless of faith."
    I believe that I have. MOst people who go to church on Sunday live their lives other days withoutmuch regard to the teachings in scripture. Sure, they do a few things but they regard at least one very important thing. That thing is the Sabbath. Can you tell me what day the Bible sets aside for the Sabbath? When does it begin, and when does it end. This is not the only thing, but it is an important factor. I have seen miricles within the congregation I attend, and no, this is not some tent revival where all different kinds of people show up, "get healed" and never be seen again. When hurricanes blew through west Florida entire neighborhoods had their houses severely damaged or destroy. Among these homes was homes of members of another congregation of the same faith. NONE of these home sustained any major damage even though the home was not built any better than surrounding structures. The same thing does for the congregation in MO where an entire neigborhood save on house was severely damaged by tornadoes.

    "Burn the daughters of priests to death if they sin? I doubt it..."

    That is NOT what it says. If they commit idolitry they are to be burned (after being killed beforehand). We don't live as a nation under the covanant. Israel has long ago abandoned the covanant and is therefore divorced as a nation.

    "Prevent women from teaching? You've probably had female teachers, and I doubt you're out campaigning for the PTA to bar female teachers. You're breaking God's law by not doing so."

    Once again, you have taken a verse out of context. Women are supposed to teach. They teach their children (boys and girls) they teach their husbands, etc. But when it come to the actual service, it is the men's job to do the teaching.

    "If your (hypothetical( daughter were raped, would you press charges? The bible COMMANDS you to accept money from him and force him to marry her -- regardless of what she thinks of this. You fucking tool -- you actually obey this retarded book?"

    Yet another verse you have taken out of context, but that is not really your fault because of the way it was mis-translated. The rape here could more or less be considered by todays standard as statutory rape. Forcible rape calls for the death penalty for the rapist.

    "You'd better be willing to murder your son if he doesn't obey you. Just in case you ever DO reproduce, I'm going to wish you luck in prison."
    More out of context quoting. This only applies to the very worst of the worst disobedience, and even then the father does not kill his son. His son is brought for trial in front of the nation. This is talking about the son who destroys the family, sqanders the familys resources on drug, woman, or whatever thrills him without regard to his family. Someone who makes a habit of doing stuff like this without reform shows that he does not love his parents, himself, or any other.

    "This isn't actually advice, but I think it's important to note that your god is a god of war and death. He is pretty sure that you'll have to kill your family. You ... ARE willing to kill your family, right?"
    This is a plain out and out lie. Not only are you a stupid idiot, you are also a liar.

    Most of what you have quoted above has been taken out of context. The time that these commandments were given was a time when Israel was going through purification and was a quaranteen measure meant to protect the nation from widespread wrongdoing. In the United States thanks to people largely like you, we are overrun with drugs, violence, adultry, among many other things. It is no wonder that the divorce rate is over 50%. It is also no wonder that families have to live paycheck to paycheck. All of the taxes and government mandated expenses they pay goes to a very corrupt government.

    You sound like Madeline Murray O'Hare your sister in belief, She too was a very bitter person.

    END OF DISCUSSION.

    1. Re:You're an Idiot by Mark_MF-WN · · Score: 1
      So, based on what you've said:
      • You DO agree that women should not be allowed to hold the job of teacher, at least not to teach men. This pretty much screws over every single female college instructor, female university professor, and any other woman who does adult education of any kind.
      • You believe that if a girl experiences STATUTORY rape (ie: she is 12 and is raped by an adult) that she should be sold to that man and forced to marry her. So you're world is the pedophiles' utopia. All they have to do to get their own lolita-sex-slave is rape an underage girl -- after that, he owns her. Nice...
      • You believe that if a son squanders his family's wealth on drugs and girls, that it's okay to have him killed by the state (the bible is specific about stoning -- a punishment that is supposed to lead to death ... slow, painful death). So death is the reasonable punishment for a child that doesn't love his family, community, and self?
      • You would actually burn your daughter for idolatry. I seriously hope that you have a daughter someday, so that when she turns her back on the church and becomes a buddhist (with those lovely gold statues) you can kill her and get the chair.
      You didn't even read the bible quotes where Jesus says quite clearly that -- because of him -- you will be at war with your family, and that you will most likely have to abandon them. This is why I despise Christians -- they claim that the bible is infallible, but then they have to be really choosy about which parts of the bible they take seriously. They have to find bizarre contexts that certain rules only apply in. Read up:
      • Luke 18:22 Now when Jesus heard these things, he said unto him, Yet lackest thou one thing: sell all that thou hast, and distribute unto the poor, and thou shalt have treasure in heaven: and come, follow me. So all that stuff you say God gave you? Sorry, you don't get to keep it. You have to give it up, and soon.
      • Luke 18:29-30 And he said unto them, Verily I say unto you, There is no man that hath left house, or parents, or brethren, or wife, or children, for the kingdom of God's sake, Who shall not receive manifold more in this present time, and in the world to come life everlasting. So yes, JESUS WANTS YOU TO ABANDON YOUR FAMILY! Children too.
      • Luke 9:59 And he said unto another, Follow me. But he said, Lord, suffer me first to go and bury my father. Jesus said unto him, Let the dead bury their dead: but go thou and preach the kingdom of God. How is that for honouring thy father and mother? The bible isn't even consistent with itself. YOU aren't even close.
      • Mark 7:9-12. You just have to read that one for yourself, and then really think about whether you want to execute children for not being sufficiently obedient. Ask yourself whether YOU were obedient as a child, and whether you would even be alive today if your parents had been obeying the bible.
      • The God FAQ.

      And still, no one has ever grown back an amputated arm. Ever. Not at a revivalist meeting, not at the vatican, not at your church, and not at mine. Not EVER. IT NEVER HAPPENS. EVER.

      Just think about that one some more -- where are the miracle cures for amputees? Forget other disorders -- why doesn't God heal amputees? Just answer the question. Why hasn't God cured so much as a single amputee EVER? Why can't I find at least ONE person who had their severed limbs grow back because of faith? Is there really not even a single person on EARTH with enough faith? I suppose I should be happy -- it means Christianity really is dead, and there isn't enough faith left in the world to move a molehill.

    2. Re:You're an Idiot by Mark_MF-WN · · Score: 1
      Incidentally, I have never hurt anyone, never committed adultery, I don't do drugs, and my government is much less corrupt than yours (I'm not American, after all). My government mostly uses its money to cure the sick -- ie, doing "godly" work. Your government mostly uses its money to kill people. My country is vastly more atheistic than yours, but has a much, much lower murder rate. And interestingly, Christians have a HIGHER divorce rate than atheists. Ain't that something? You can confirm all of these facts for yourself, incidentally.

      The idea that these problems are due to people like me is laughable. The real problem is people like you that are too high and mighty to actually help anyone that isn't part of their church. Do you go out and give food to junkies? Do you help run programs to get them over their addictions? Do you do anything other than try to force kids to read the bible in school and badmouth the government? The bible even says that you should obey all secular authority and stay out of politics, you hypocrite.